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We investigate the quantum correlation between light and matter in bipartite quantum systems, drawing on the Jaynes–Cummings model and the Tavis–Cummings model, which are well-established in cavity quantum electrodynamics. Through the resolution of the quantum master equation, we can derive the dissipative dynamics in open systems. To assess the extent of quantum correlation, several measures are introduced: von Neumann entropy, concurrence and quantum discord. The effects of initial entanglement and dissipation intensity on quantum discord are carefully examined. Furthermore, we examined the dynamics of quantum discord within the OH+ model.

Abstract The brain consists of the left and right cerebral hemispheres and both are connected by callosal projections. Less is known about the basic mechanism of this cortical-cortical connection and its functional importance. Here we investigate the cortical-cortical connection between the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) by using the classic electrophysiological and optogenetic approach. We find that there is a direct synaptic projection from one side ACC to the contralateral ACC. Glutamate is the major excitatory transmitter for bilateral ACC connection, including projections to pyramidal cells in superficial (II/III) and deep (V/VI) layers of the ACC. Both AMPA and kainate receptors contribute to synaptic transmission. Repetitive stimulation of the projection also evoked postsynaptic Ca2+ influx in contralateral ACC pyramidal neurons. Behaviorally, light activation of the ACC-ACC connection facilitated behavioral withdrawal responses to mechanical stimuli and noxious heat. In an animal model of neuropathic pain, light inhibitory of ACC-ACC connection reduces both primary and secondary hyperalgesia. Our findings provide strong direct evidence for the excitatory or facilitatory contribution of ACC-ACC connection to pain perception, and this mechanism may provide therapeutic targets for future treatment of chronic pain and related emotional disorders.

BackgroundElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been shown to be useful in guiding individual positive end-expiratory pressure titration for patients with mechanical ventilation. However, the appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level and whether the individualized PEEP needs to be adjusted during long-term surgery (>6 h) were unknown. Meanwhile, the effect of individualized PEEP on the distribution of pulmonary ventilation in patients who receive abdominal thermoperfusion chemotherapy is unknown. The primary aim of this study was to observe the effect of EIT-guided PEEP on the distribution of pulmonary ventilation in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hot intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The secondary aim was to analyze their effect on postoperative pulmonary complications.MethodsA total of 48 patients were recruited and randomly divided into two groups, with 24 patients in each group. For the control group (group A), PEEP was set at 5 cm H2O, while in the EIT group (group B), individual PEEP was titrated and adjusted every 2 h with EIT guidance. Ventilation distribution, respiratory/circulation parameters, and PPC incidence were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe average individualized PEEP was 10.3 ± 1.5 cm H2O, 10.2 ± 1.6 cm H2O, 10.1 ± 1.8 cm H2O, and 9.7 ± 2.1 cm H2O at 5 min, 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after tracheal intubation during CRS + HIPEC. Individualized PEEP was correlated with ventilation distribution in the regions of interest (ROI) 1 and ROI 3 at 4 h mechanical ventilation and ROI 1 at 6 h mechanical ventilation. The ventilation distribution under individualized PEEP was back-shifted for 6 h but moved to the control group’s ventral side under PEEP 5 cm H2O. The respiratory and circulatory function indicators were both acceptable either under individualized PEEP or PEEP 5 cm H2O. The incidence of total PPCs was significantly lower under individualized PEEP (66.7%) than PEEP 5 cm H2O (37.5%) for patients with CRS + HIPEC.ConclusionThe appropriate individualized PEEP was stable at approximately 10 cm H2O during 6 h for patients with CRS + HIPEC, along with better ventilation distribution and a lower total PPC incidence than the fixed PEEP of 5 cm H2O.Clinical trial registration: identifier ChiCTR1900023897.

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric diseases, and perioperative factors often increase the incidence of anxiety. However, the mechanism and treatment for perioperative anxiety, especially anesthesia/surgery-induced postoperative anxiety, are largely unknown. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) which located in the mitochondria is the NAD-dependent deacetylase protein. SIRT3 mediated oxidative stress is associated with several neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 1 (HCN1) channel is also reported involved in anxiety symptoms. The purpose was to assess the role of SIRT3 on postoperative anxiety like behavior in C57/BL6 mice. We found that SIRT3 level reduced and HCN1 expression level increased in mice medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as well as anxiety like behavior postoperatively. In interventional research, SIRT3 adeno-associated virus vector or control vector was injected into the mPFC brain region. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting were employed to detect oxidative stress reactions and HCN1 channel activity. SIRT3 overexpression attenuated postoperative anxiety in mice. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) acetylation levels, SOD2 oxidative stress activity, mitochondrial membrane potential levels, and HCN1 channels were also inhibited by SIRT3 overexpression. Furthermore, the HCN1 channel inhibitor ZD7288 significantly protected against anesthesia/surgery-induced anxiety, but without SIRT3/ac-SOD2 expression or oxidative stress changes. Our results suggest that SIRT3 may achieve antianxiety effects through regulation of SOD2 acetylation-mediated oxidative stress and HCN1 channels in the mPFC, further strengthening the therapeutic potential of targeting SIRT3 for anesthesia/surgery-induced anxiety-like behavior.