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Abstract Uterine leiomyoma invading internal iliac vein and consequently disseminating into the right atrium is an extremely rare condition, and surgical strategy is controversial. Here, we reported a specific case with successful surgical resection through one-stage total hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and the intracardiovascular lesion. This procedure would be an optimal choice for uterine leiomyoma invading inferior vena cava and spreading to right atrium.

The intelligent platform for comprehensive management of tuberculosis in Shandong province (hereinafter referred to as the ‘intelligent platform’) is built with microservice architecture, and has technical features such as high performance, lightweight, concurrent programming model, standard library support, cross-platform, debugging and testing friendly, and integration with container technology. The construction of intelligent platforms relies on cloud architecture-related technologies to segment physical computing, storage, and network resources, supporting customers to use various terminals to obtain services from any location. The intelligent platform integrates advanced technologies such as information technology, artificial intelligence and big data analysis, which can strengthen the publicity and education of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, improve the detection of tuberculosis patients, improve the diagnostic efficiency, strengthen the overall management of tuberculosis patients during drug taking, and improve the efficiency of the daily work of tuberculosis prevention and control in the province. According to the statistics of patient management since the operation of the intelligent platform, the patient notification rate is 93.5%, the rate of taking medication on time is 77.4%, and the rate of regular medication use is 95.6%. The platform has great potential to improve the level of tuberculosis prevention and control, strengthen the management of medical resources and promote the intellectualization of the health system, which is of great significance for the effective control and prevention of tuberculosis.

Abstract Introduction The left partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection is a rare congenital heart disease, especially with intact atrial septum. Now we reported a case of the left superior pulmonary vein drainage to left innominate vein through a vertical vein, and corrected with video assisted thoracoscopy. Case presentation A-59-years old man diagnosed left anomalous partial pulmonary vein connection with presentation of short breathiness and palpation, and diagnosed with computer tomography pulmonary angiography. The operation was carried out under video assisted thoracoscopy with one manipulation incision and one observational incision, the vertical vein was dissected and anastomosis with left atrial appendage. The patients recovered smoothly and postoperative CTPA showed anastomosis ostium was unobstructed. Conclusion The left lateral thoracotomy and video assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a feasible for correction of left PAPVC with intact interatrial septum without using CPB.

The surface velocity of the Amery Ice Shelf (AIS) is vital to assessing its stability and mass balance. Previous studies have shown that the AIS basin has a stable multi-year average surface velocity. However, spatiotemporal variations in the surface velocity of the AIS and the underlying physical mechanism remain poorly understood. This study combined offset tracking and DInSAR methods to extract the monthly surface velocity of the AIS and obtained the inter-annual surface velocity from the ITS_LIVE product. An uneven spatial distribution in inter-annual variation in the surface velocity was observed between 2000 and 2022, although the magnitude of variation was small at less than 20.5 m/yr. The increase and decrease in surface velocity on the eastern and western-central sides of the AIS, respectively, could be attributed to the change in the thickness of the AIS. There was clear seasonal variation in monthly average surface velocity at the eastern side of the AIS between 2017 and 2021, which could be attributed to variations in the area and thickness of fast-ice and also to variations in ocean temperature. This study suggested that changes in fast-ice and ocean temperature are the main factors driving spatiotemporal variation in the surface velocity of the AIS.

Rural areas around developed metropolitan areas continue to attract capital inflows, promoting rural spatial commodification. Taking Shanghai as a case study, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the spatial distribution pattern and the influencing factors of rural spatial commodification (RSC) through kernel density analysis, multiple regression models, and spatial autocorrelation analysis. This study explores four types of RSC at the township scale outside the center of Shanghai: agricultural product-oriented commodification, farm housing commodification, tourism-oriented commodification, and construction land commodification. The results show the following: (1) The four types of RSC show positive spatial correlation, a clear pattern of agglomeration, and an obvious core–edge pattern, with high-density areas distributed in rural areas with specific advantages around metropolitan areas. The distribution of RSC also demonstrates an obvious polarization, forming an uneven distribution pattern. (2) Socio-economic factors, agriculture, transportation location, urbanization, and industrialization are key factors driving RSC. (3) Different types of RSC should be effectively guided at the policy and planning levels according to regional conditions and development stages to enhance the spatial organization of rural regions and achieve the effective revitalization of the countryside surrounding the metropolis.

ABSTRACT: Particulate matter (PM) emissions from animal houses and the corresponding hazard have raised increasing attention during recent years. In this study, a large-scale manure-belt laying hen house located in Beijing, China was selected as the experimental site for the study of the emission rates (ER) and chemical compositions of PM2.5 and PM10 in 3 seasons, namely, summer, autumn, and winter, to investigate their possible influences on ambient air quality and human health. The results showed that the mean ER from the hen house in summer, autumn, and winter were 9.0 ± 1.7, 2.4 ± 0.7, and 1.9 ± 0.7 mg hen−1 d−1 for PM2.5 (P < 0.05), and 30.7 ± 1.1, 12.8 ± 1.5, and 10.9 ± 0.9 mg hen−1 d−1 for PM10 (P < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, large amounts of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) were observed inside the house in summer, accounting for 11.4 and 9.6% of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 mass, respectively, compared with the value of

Abstract Background Preventive therapy of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is an important component of tuberculosis (TB) control. Research on acceptance of TB preventive therapy (TPT) is an important topic. Current studies focus on acceptability and compliance. However, it is unclear whether LTBI patients will start TPT after accepting treatment. The study assessed the factors associated with TPT refusal after initial willingness to accept treatment. Methods Data were derived from a baseline survey of prospective study of LTBI treatment among college students in Shandong Province, China. A total of 723 students initially willing to accept TPT were included in the analysis. Stepwise logistic regression was used to explore the individual- and family-level characteristic variables that factors associated with TPT refusal after initial willingness to accept treatment. Results Of the 723 LTBI college students who initially had acceptance willingness, 436 (60.3%) finally refused TPT. At the individual level, non-medical students were more likely to refuse TPT [odds ratio (OR) = 4.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.10–7.67)], as were students with moderate physical activity (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.04–2.04). Students with boarding experience (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.31–0.78) and a high level of knowledge about TB (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–0.99) were less likely to refuse TPT. At the family level, those with high father’s educational level (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.07–2.10) or high household income (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.20–2.71) were more likely to refuse TPT after initially accepting treatment. Conclusions Factors associated with TPT refusal after initial willingness to accept treatment, such as personal (type of students, physical activity, boarding experiences, knowledge of TB) and family characteristics (father’s education level, household income) among college student with LTBI, might help identify persons for whom tailored interventions could improve the start of LTBI treatment.

Salt Lakes, having a salt concentration higher than that of seawater and hosting unique extremophiles, are predominantly located in drought-prone zones worldwide, accumulating diverse salts and continuously emitting salt dust or aerosols. However, knowledge on emission, chemical composition, and health impacts of Salt Lake aerosols under climate change is scarce. This review delves into the intricate dynamics of Salt Lake aerosols in the context of climate change, pointing out that, as global warming develops and weather patterns shift, Salt Lakes undergo notable changes in water levels, salinity, and overall hydrological balance, leading to a significant alteration of Salt Lake aerosols in generation and emission patterns, physicochemical characteristics, and transportation. Linked to rising temperatures and intensified evaporation, a marked increase will occur in aerosol emissions from breaking waves on the Salt Lake surface and in saline dust emission from dry lakebeds. The hygroscopic nature of these aerosols, coupled with the emission of sulfate aerosols, will impart light-scattering properties and a cooling effect. The rising temperature and wind speed; increase in extreme weather in regard to the number of events; and blooms of aquatic microorganisms, phytoplankton, and artemia salina in and around Salt Lakes, will lead to the release of more organic substances or biogenic compounds, which contribute to the alteration of saline aerosols in regard to their quantitative and chemical composition. Although the inhalation of saline aerosols from Salt Lakes and fine salt particles suspended in the air due to salt dust storms raises potential health concerns, particularly causing respiratory and cardiovascular disease and leading to eye and skin discomfort, rock salt aerosol therapy is proved to be a good treatment and rehabilitation method for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is implied that the Salt Lake aerosols, at a certain exposure concentration, likely can delay the pathogenesis of silicosis by regulating oxidative stress and reducing interstitial fibrosis of the lungs. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of climate changes, chemical composition, and health aspects, advocating for a comprehensive and practical approach to address the challenges faced by Salt Lake aerosols in an ever-changing global climate.

BackgroundWith the increasing enrollment scale of colleges, the number of students on campus has risen sharply in China. The number of students with tuberculosis (TB) and rifampicin-resistant TB in colleges has increased significantly. Preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is an important means for TB prevention and control in colleges. At present, the acceptance of LTBI treatment among college students remains unclear. In addition, evidence shows stigma may be one of the key factors affecting acceptance of LTBI treatment. To date, there is little direct evidence on the gender-specific association between perceived stigma toward TB and acceptance of LTBI treatment among college students. ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the acceptance of LTBI treatment among college students in an eastern province of China to explore the association between perceived stigma toward TB and acceptance of LTBI treatment and to examine the moderating effect of gender on the association. MethodsData were derived from the project on the evaluation of LTBI treatment and its effectiveness among college students in Shandong, China. In total, 1547 college students were included in the analysis. We considered covariates at the individual and family levels. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine the moderating role of gender and also explore the association between perceived stigma toward TB and acceptance of LTBI treatment. ResultsThe acceptance rate of LTBI treatment among the diagnosed college students was 46.7% (n=723). The proportion of female students (n=361, 51.5%) accepting LTBI treatment was higher than that of male students (n=362, 42.8%; P=.001). There was an interaction between perceived stigma toward TB and gender (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-1.00; P=.06). Among college students with LTBI, perceived stigma toward TB was positively associated with acceptance of preventive treatment (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.08, P=.05). Perceived stigma toward TB was positively associated with accepting LTBI treatment only among male students (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12; P=.005). ConclusionsThe acceptance rate of preventive treatment among college students with LTBI was low. Contrary to our expectations, perceived stigma toward TB was positively associated with acceptance of preventive treatment. Gender moderated this association; high perceived stigma toward TB was associated with acceptance of preventive treatment only in male gender. Gender-specific strategies are effective in improving the acceptability of LTBI treatment in colleges.

The anthropogenic disturbance caused by irrational urbanization impacts the ecological security of cities. The study of the relationship between urban spatial form (USF) and urban ecological resilience (UER) can offer guidance for sustainable urban development. We select the UER evaluation indexes and construct a DRSIR model based on the causal relationship among the natural, social, and economic dimensions of cities. We also carried out empirical research on the impact of USF on UER in the city cluster located in the Yangtze River midstream (YRM) through the geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) model and geographical detector for four time cross-sections: 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The following findings were obtained: (1) The computing results for UERIs of cities in the YRM noticeably and consistently increased during the study period, exhibiting a spatial distribution pattern with high values in the southeast, second-highest in the northwest, and low values in the center. (2) The regression coefficients of USFIs and UERIs displayed significant spatial and temporal variations in the YRM during the study period. (3) CA, AWMPFD, PD, and AI showed a positive correlation with UERIs, while PD exhibited a negative correlation with UERIs. (4) LPI and AI emerged as the primary drivers of spatial heterogeneity in UERIs, and the interaction between these two factors significantly enhanced their impact on UERIs compared to individual influencing factors. Exploring the correlation between UER and USF can be utilized to provide urban management recommendations that are suitable for the level of urban development, which will contribute to the achievement of sustainable development in the YRM.

The amount of investment in marine environmental governance (MEG) is growing fast in China, which brought the prosperity of environmental treatment entities (e.g., water treatment enterprises and port pollution control institutions). Based on spatial big data, this paper adopted kernel density method, standard deviational ellipse, and nearest neighbor index to explore the spatial distribution pattern of MEG entities in Shanghai from 2005 to 2021. Several conclusions emerged from this study: (1) From 2005 to 2021, the new MEG entities in Shanghai have increased by more than 10 times; (2) The analysis showed that the nearest neighbor index of Shanghai’s MEG entities was larger than 0.2, with Z values all being lower than −30, indicating that the spatial agglomeration characteristics in Shanghai was significant at an alpha level of 1%. (3) Chongming District, Pudong New District, Fengxian District, and Minhang District were the core agglomeration areas. (4) The standard deviational ellipse analysis suggested that the distribution of Shanghai MEG entities from 2005 to 2021 showed an obvious pattern of spreading from the center to both the north and south. This results in an industrial belt along the Huangpu River. This paper argues that the spatial distribution of MEG entities in Shanghai confirms the central place theory, which highlights the network characteristics that combine centrality with spreading to the surrounding areas.

Abstract Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common clinical spinal disorder, yet its etiology remains unclear. We aimed to explore the role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. Our analysis involved interrogating the GSE124272 and GSE150408 datasets for differential gene expression profiles associated with CRGs and immune characteristics. Molecular clustering was performed on LDH samples, followed by expression and immune infiltration analyses. Using the WGCNA algorithm, specific genes within CRG clusters were identified. After selecting the most predictive genes from the optimal model, four machine learning models were constructed and validated. This study identified nine CRGs associated with copper-regulated cell death. Two copper-containing molecular clusters linked to death were detected in LDH samples. Elevated expression and immune infiltration levels were found in LDH patients, particularly in CRG cluster C2. Utilizing XGB, five genes were identified for constructing a diagnostic model, achieving an area under the curve values of 0.715. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into the association between LDH and copper-regulated cell death, alongside proposing a promising predictive model.

As a prevalent spine disorder, Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) has been affecting more than 2 % of the worldwide population and is characterised by uncertain causes and recurring episodes. Studying the brain activity of patients could potentially provide insights into its pathogenesis and significantly enhance therapy. Therefore, we here examined brain function in patients under Spinal Manipulative Therapy (SMT). By analysing regional homogeneity (ReHo) at different frequency bands, we identified the discrepancies in brain activity between LDH patients and healthy people, highlighting the frequency dependence of spontaneous low-frequency oscillations among patients with LDH. Choosing seeds based on the peak ReHo differences helped to elucidate the functional connectivity alterations in the brain regions of LDH. Overall, this study showed that SMT significantly reduced pain, improved dysfunction, and partially rectified aberrant local consistency and functional connection in patients with LDH, not only offering insights into the pathophysiology of LDH from a neurological standpoint, but also providing inspiration for the development of new therapies based on neurobiology.

Abstract Cervicogenic headache is an often observed secondary headache in clinical settings, with patients who endure prolonged and persistent pain being particularly susceptible to mood changes. Currently, the Mulligan is one of the effective methods for CEH. However, there is a lack of evaluation about the strength and frequency of headaches, as well as the assessment of pain-induced emotions, in individuals with CEH using this particular procedure. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Mulligan maneuver from a multidimensional perspective of pain intensity and mood. A total of forty patients diagnosed with CEH who satisfied the specified inclusion criteria were recruited and allocated randomly into two groups: the control group and the treatment group, with each group consisting of twenty cases. The control group received health education, while the treatment group received the Mulligan maneuver once daily over a course of 10 treatment sessions.The clinical outcome of patients with CEH in two groups was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed to examine variations in brain function activities between the two CEH groups. Brain regions showing differences were identified as regions of interest and subsequently correlated with clinical behavioral measures using Pearson’s correlation analysis. The differences in VAS, HAMA and HAMD between the two groups of CEH patients were also statistically significant. The brain regions that showed differences in the ReHo scores between the two groups of CEH patients included the left cerebellum, the frontal gyrus, and the middle temporal gyrus. There was a positive correlation between the left frontal gyrus and VAS, HAMA and HAMD. The left middle temporal gyrus had a negative correlation with VAS, HAMA, and HAMD and the left cerebellum had a positive correlation with VAS correlation. The Mulligan maneuver may improve pain levels and have a moderating effect on pain-related negative emotions by regulating the function of relevant brain regions in CEH patients.

In order to explore the status of soil heavy metal pollution and environmental quality in west Hunan, relevant areas of Phoenix County were selected as the study area. Using data from 440 soil samples collected in the study area from June to August 2022, the pH value of the soil and contents of eight heavy metal elements, namely, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, were analyzed. The PMF model was used for traceability analysis and geochemical evaluation of soil environmental quality. The results showed that the average values of soil heavy metals ω (Zn), ω (Cr), ω (Pb), ω (Ni), ω (Cu), ω (As) , ω (Cd), and ω (Hg) were 81.02, 64.67, 31.63, 29.27, 25.52, 9.93, 0.28, and 0.13 mg·kg -1 , respectively. The soil in the study area was mainly weakly acidic, and the contents of the Cd and Hg elements were relatively high compared to the national soil background values and were highly variable. The contents of the Hg and Cd elements in forest land were higher than that in other land uses. The PMF model results showed that the contribution rates of heavy metal pollution sources in the study area were mining sources (37.4%), atmospheric sedimentation sources (7.7%), natural sources (41.1%), and agricultural activity sources (13.8%) and provided suggestions on pollution control measures according to the spatial distribution of the four types of pollution sources. Through the comprehensive assessment of soil environmental geochemistry, the study area was divided into three types of plots, namely, non-risk areas (94.27 km 2 ), accounting for 76.38%; risk-controllable areas (27.45 km 2 ), accounting for 22.24%; and high-risk areas (1.7 km 2 ), accounting for 1.38%. This study provided data support for the prevention and control measures of land pollution in the research area, as well as the delineation of the prevention and control scope.

The naturally high background value region of Cd derived from the weathering of carbonate has received wide attention. Due to the significant difference in soil physicochemical properties, soil Cd content, and bioavailability of different parent materials in the karst area, there are certain limitations in using the total soil Cd content to classify the environmental quality of cultivated land. In this study, surface soil and maize samples of eluvium and alluvial parent material in typical karst areas were collected systematically; the contents of maize Cd, soil Cd, pH, and oxides were analyzed, the Cd geochemical characteristics of different parent soils and the influencing factors of their bioavailability were revealed, and scientific and effective arable land use zoning suggestions based on the prediction model were suggested. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of different parent material soils in the karst area were obviously different. The alluvial parent material soil had low Cd content but high bioavailability, and the maize Cd exceeding rate was high. The maize Cd bioaccumulation factor was significantly negatively correlated with soil CaO, pH, Mn, and TC, and the correlation coefficients were -0.385, -0.620, -0.484, and -0.384, respectively. Compared with the multiple linear regression prediction model, using the random forest model to predict the maize Cd enrichment coefficient had higher accuracy and precision. Furthermore, a new scheme for the safe utilization of cultivated land at the plot scale based on soil Cd and predicted crop Cd content was proposed in this study, making full use of arable land resources to ensure crop safety.