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In an agriculture sector, the quality of several raw crops depends upon the time factor. After harvesting, it is necessary to bring the crops either to cold storage or directly to customer though wholesale dealers. Keeping crops in cold storage decrease the nutrition value and also increase the overall cost of the crop leading to price hike. So, it will be best if the crops are put in the market as soon as possible. This can only be possible if the logistic system is updated and can handle the real-time requirement of agriculture product transport. This study investigates and highlights the possible IoT-based logistic support using artificial intelligence for the farmers such that a fast corridor is created between farmers’ lands to end-user customers. This will benefit the farmers in two-fold; first, it will increase the revenue of farmers by decreasing the time span avoiding cold storage fees, and second, it will maintain the quality of crops.

Increased quantities of the same sort of item are not nearly as critical to client happiness as a high-quality product. The requirements and expectations of the consumer have an impact on the overall quality of a product or service. The term “quality” may also be defined as the sum total of all the features that contribute to the production of goods and services that are satisfactory to the consumer. Certain imported commodities have lately seen an improvement in quality thanks to efforts by importing nations. Additionally, it safeguards food imported from other nations by confirming that it is safe for human consumption before it is released. This article describes a technique for monitoring perishable goods that is based on the Internet of Things and machine learning. Pictures are recorded using high-resolution cameras in this suggested architecture, and then these images are sent to a cloud server using Internet of Things devices. When uploaded to a cloud server, these photos are segmented using the K-means clustering method. Then, using the principal component analysis technique, features are extracted from the photos, and the images are categorized using machine learning models that have been trained. This proposed model makes use of the Internet of Things, image processing, and machine learning to monitor perishable food.

Simple Summary: The sterile insect technique/inherited sterility (SIT/IS) has been successfully implemented to suppress or eradicate pestiferous species of Lepidoptera. The SIT/IS involves the release of mass-reared and gamma-irradiated moths (partially sterile males and fully sterile females) to achieve matings with wild moths. The success of any SIT/IS project depends, inter alia, on the overflooding ratio of released sterile moths to wild moths and the efficiency of male-only versus bi-sex releases of irradiated moths. The current laboratory study aims to understand the efficacy of overflooding ratios and the use of male-only releases compared with bi-sex releases for SIT/IS against the European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis and Schiffermüller). This laboratory study explored the concept of whether irradiated male-only releases are more or equally efficient as releases of both irradiated males and females in the context of using the sterile insect technique/inherited sterility (SIT/IS) for the management of the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana. The current study examined the mating competitiveness of 150-Gy-treated L. botrana male and female moths or 150-Gy-treated male moths only, with untreated moths in laboratory cages. Our results showed that the release of both sexes significantly increased the competitiveness value (C) and the biological efficiency index (BE) as compared with male-only release, and this was independent of the male to untreated male ratio. Moreover, a single release of 150-Gy-treated and untreated males and females at a 1:1:10:10 ratio (untreated male:untreated female: treated male:treated female) significantly reduced egg hatch, and the number of first-generation offspring (F1) was small. The emergence of F2-moths per untreated F1 male and female moth was low, but these undesired fertile moths should be eliminated in order to achieve effective control. The results presented herein provide useful information on the impact of 150-Gy-treated male-only, versus releases of both treated males and females on untreated moths, which is essential to managing L. botrana populations with SIT/IS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares how Day-to-day Experience (DTDE) and company Corporate Governance (CG) affect an individual investor's decision-making. The researchers used 192 samples of individual investors trading on the PSX to accomplish this goal. For the estimation of research models, the OLS method is used. The results showed that DTDE and CG had a considerable & favorable impact on investors' investment decisions. As a result, DTDE weighs more heavily on investment decisions in Pakistan's financial sector than CG of the organization. This research will help boost the confidence of individual investors by raising their level of awareness about equity market investing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US foreign policy can be regarded as a significant motive of many events and policies at the regional and international levels. Possibly, the significance of US foreign policy towards Iran stems from the great position of both countries. Many other regional and international policies, as well as Iran, which is an important and influential player in a large number of issues, especially at the regional level, in addition to the most noticeable issue through which it interacts with a large number of main powers, led by the United States of America, as is the case with the Iranian nuclear program. And the US foreign policy towards Iran came with the supposition of (Joe Biden) government is different from that of his predecessor (Donald Trump). From hardiness and forcing more sanctions and constricting the trap politically and economically on Iran to a new policy with a completely different view and awareness (which from the point of view of the new administration did not bring any real results about stopping the Iranian nuclear program and thus achieve the American interest), among the new directions that it adopted (Joe Biden) that more sanctions and tension in relations with Iran have not worked, or at least do not serve the American interest, as the existence of hostile or tense relations with Iran with all the elements that Iran possesses of geopolitical and political power and important natural resources may push it to be Companies and cooperation with other parties that represent a threat to American exclusivity, as is the case with Russia and China. Thus, the United States of America turned to make its foreign policy with Iran (at least in principle) one based on finding solutions to Iran's nuclear program, which poses a threat to it and its allies in the region, while at the same time not allowing Iran to form strategic alliances in the region by countries seeking to challenge uniqueness that may signify a real threat to American interests, especially with the existence of projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract General and electronic health literacy are important factors engaging in healthy behaviors and maintaining good health. The present study explored demographic factors associated with general and electronic health literacy in the Iranian adult population. Via stratified cluster sampling, trained interviewers visited adult residents in Qazvin Province, Iran between January, and April 2022. The participants (N = 9775; mean age = 36.44 years; 6576 [67.3%] females) completed the Health Literacy Instrument for Adults (HELIA) assessing health literacy and the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) assessing electronic health literacy. Demographic data, including age, gender, educational level, marital status, and living location (city or rural), were collected. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify the participants into different health literacy/electronic health literacy levels. The relationships between health literacy/electronic health literacy levels and demographic factors were examined using χ2 or analysis of variance. The LCA used HELIA scores to suggest five classes of health literacy and eHEALS scores to suggest three classes of electronic health literacy. For general and electronic health literacy, similar relationships were with demographic factors: females as compared with males had better general/electronic health literacy; younger people as compared with older people had better general/electronic health literacy; higher educational level was associated with better general/electronic health literacy; and city residents as compared with rural residents had better general/electronic health literacy. In conclusion, Iranian governmental agencies may wish to target on males, older adults, people with low educational level, and rural residents to improve their health literacy.

Abstract Background Health literacy and e‐health literacy are important factors helping people shape awareness of health behaviours in different aspects, including sleep hygiene behaviours. Good sleep hygiene behaviours promote sleep quality and are beneficial to overall mental wellbeing. Objective We aimed to examine if sleep hygiene behaviours may mediate the association between health literacy/e‐health literacy and mental wellbeing. Methods Adult Iranian subjects (n = 9775; mean [SD] age = 36.44 [11.97] years; 67.3% females) completed the Health Literacy Instrument for Adults, eHealth Literacy Scale, three items on sleep hygiene behaviour that have been used in prior research and the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. Data were then subjected to structural equation modelling (SEM) including 500 bootstrapping resampling to examine whether sleep hygiene is a mediator in the relationship between health literacy/e‐health literacy and mental wellbeing. Findings Both health literacy and e‐health literacy were significantly associated with mental wellbeing (r = .63 for health literacy and .39 for e‐health literacy; p

A novel biosorbent ('Manna_COOH') was synthesized via dual reaction stages of direct carbonylation of hydroxyl groups of richly cellulosic manna root powder and subsequent esterification of the resultant anhydride analogue into an ester of high carboxyl content. Both the biosorbent precursor and the 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid sustain complementary features that ensured their efficient complexation. The biosorbent depicted a carboxyl content of 412.36 m.eq -COOH/100 g sample and was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study further evaluated the cobalt ion adsorption capacity of the synthesized 'Manna_COOH' under the effect of some process variable via batch mode. The Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models emerged as the best fit for the equilibrium and kinetic data, respectively. The rich oxygen-based surface functional groups entrenched on the 'Manna_COOH' sequel to its functionalization played a major role in making it a promising biosorbent for aqueous Co (II) uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collected data included socio-demographic information and measurements of health literacy, e-health literacy, mental well-being, and sleep hygiene behaviors. The study aimed to provide insights regarding health literacy status and related factors in the general population residing in Qazvin province, Iran. The findings of the study will assist health authorities and policy makers in developing and implementing effective interventions, which in turn, improving health literacy in the community. Additionally, the findings can also aid health sector workers, including non-communicable disease researchers, public health experts, health education specialists, epidemiologists, and sociologists, in their work to improve health literacy and overall health outcomes among general population. Therefore, the present study used paper-pencil method with multi-stage cluster sampling to collect data. Trained research associates (n=25) collected data from 9775 people living in Qazvin province between January and April 2022. All the participants completed the study questionnaires using self-reported paper-pencil mode.