Search

Objective To study the factors influencing serum reversal in HIV-exposed children.Methods The general information, clinical data, and serum results of 49 cases of HIV-infected pregnant women and their children exposed to HIV were collected from the Shenzhen Third People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021.Results All 49 HIV-exposed children were tested negative for HIV nucleic acid at 48 h, 6 weeks, and 3 months of age. The serum reversal rates at 12, 18 and 21 months were 59.18%, 93.87% and 100%, respectively. Whether the serum of HIV-exposed children was reversed at 12 months of age was not related to the maternal delivery, anti-retroviral therapy initiation time, nucleic acid test results, CD4+T lymphocyte count (P>0.05). It was not related to children’s sex, gestational age, birth weight, and the type of blocking drug used (P>0.05).Conclusion No clear influencing factors were found for serum reversal in HIV-exposed 12-month-old children. The consistency between nucleic acid detection and final serum reversal was 100%. In order to exclude the possibility of HIV infection as soon as possible and reduce family concerns, three times of negative nucleic acid results before 3 months of age in HIV-exposed children may be considered as a substitute for serum reversal.

Tuberculosis （TB） and human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome （HIV/AIDS） are both serious global public health threats. Early detection of infected persons and/or patients through TB/HIV bi-directional screening is crucial for prevention and control strategy in China and globally. In recent years， with the promotion and application of new TB and HIV detection technologies worldwide， TB/HIV bi-directional screening technologies and strategies have made remarkable changes. This expert consensus introduces the significance and challenges of TB/HIV bi-directional screening， summarizes important progress of research and applications， and makes recommendations on screening measures and procedures to further strengthen TB/HIV bi-directional screening in China.

Objective To explore the effect of omeprazole combined with different probiotics on regulating intestinal flora in reducing functional dyspepsia (FD) in children. Methods Two hundreds children with FD admitted to the Pediatric Department of Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into omeprazde(omep) group, groups of omeprazole +yeast(yeast group), +clostridium butyricum(clos group), and +bifidobacterium(bifi group) respectively. Results After treatment, serum level of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, hs-CRP, VIP, SS, Enterobacter and Enterococcus in all groups significantly decreased as compared with the finding before treatment (P＜0.05). Those targets in the three combined treatment groups were significantly lower compared to the ome group; After treatment, the serum MOT level,bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli in each group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the results from three combined treatment groups demonstrated notably higher levels compared to the omep group(P＜0.05); The scores of symptoms in all groups showed a significant alleviation after the treatment(P＜0.05). Additionally, the three combined treatment groups exhibited significantly lower symptom scores than the group treated with omeprazole alone (P＜0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment among the groups. Conclusions Omeprazole combined with different probiotics have achieved good results in the treatment of FD in children.

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia on cell migration and fusion of urine-derived stem cells (USCs) in vitro, and observe the changes in cytoskeleton and cell polarity during the process. Methods After USCs were cultured under normoxia (20%) or hypoxia (3%) for 48 h, cell migration were detected by cell scratch test and Transwell assay, USCs' fusion with hepatic HP14-19 and HepG2 cells were observed and determined using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, and structure of cytoskeleton was observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and phalloidin fluorescence probe. The expression of cell polarity related proteins, RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1 was measured with immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Results The USCs from the hypoxia group showed stronger migration capacity and cell fusion with hepatocytes when compared with the cells from the normoxia group. The results of TEM and phalloidin fluorescence staining revealed that hypoxia induced remodeling of cytoskeleton, and regularly and well-arranged microfilament and microtubule. The results of immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and real-time PCR indicated that the expression levels of cell polarity related proteins RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1 were much higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group. Conclusion Hypoxia preconditioning promotes cell migration and fusion in USCs, which may be associated with cytoskeleton remodeling and up-regulation of cell polarity.

Objective To summarize the clinical features and the outcome of surgical treatment of refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) after dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A study was conducted on 102 CKD patients with refractory SHPT after dialysis who received surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. The clinical characteristics including hematological indicators were analyzed. The treatment outcome and postoperative complications were summarized. Results The decrement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) level on postoperative day 1 was higher than 80% of preoperative PTH level. On postoperative day 1 and day 7 and month 3, the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and PTH were significantly decreased when compared with the preoperative values. There were 4 cases having thyroidectomy, 20 cases experincing central lymph node dissection, and 10 cases undergoing thymus resection. During the perioperative period, 15 patients had numbness on hands, feet and perioral area, and 2 of them had distal upper extremity convulsion. The systemic symptoms were greatly relieved in 99 patients within 1 week after surgery. There were 5 cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism and 2 cases of recurrent SHPT after operation. Conclusion Surgery is the most effective treatment for refractory SHPT. Multiple imaging examinations should be used to locate parathyroid gland, and detailed evaluation should be conducted preoperatively. During postoperative period, hematological indicators should be closely monitored and timely treatment of complications is necessary.

Novel CuO–FeS nanocomposites were synthesized to exert anticancer effects on HepG2 cells. The formation was initially demonstrated using UV–Visible spectrophotometry analysis, which indicated two peaks at 335 and 370 nm. Characteristic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peaks for Cu–O and Fe–S bonds were observed at 516, 577 and 619 cm−1 in addition to other notable peaks. The Miller indices correspond to the lattice spacing of monoclinic CuO and FeS as observed by selected area diffraction rings concurrent with the X-ray diffraction observations. The morphology was interpreted by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, indicating a particle size of 110 nm. As per energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, strong peaks for Cu (0.9, 8 and 9 keV), Fe (6–7 keV), O (0.5 keV) and S (2.5 keV) indicated the formation of CuO–FeS blend with no impurities. A mean particle size of 121.9 nm and polydispersity index of 0.150 were displayed by dynamic light scattering analysis and the zeta potential was −29.2 mV. The composites were not toxic to normal 3T3-L1 cells and were not haemolytic even at higher doses. In addition, the stable composites exerted cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells (IC50 = 250 ± 5.7 μg/mL) and induced cell death by creating a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of mitochondrial apoptosis in a ROS-independent manner.

Along with the gradual normalization of coordinated cross-mining of multiple mineral resources, the safety situation of natural gas wells has become increasingly serious. Taking coal-gas cross-mining in the Ordos Basin as the research object, this paper proposed an anti-collision early warning method based on vibration wave monitoring prevent the occurrence of collision accidents between roadheader and gas well. Through the steel pipe percussion vibration test and coal mine excavation vibration test, the attenuation law of vibration waves in the steel pipe and coal rock is studied, and the formula for calculating the distance from the roadheader to the natural gas well is deduced according to the vibration attenuation law. The results show that the attenuation coefficients of vibration waves in steel pipes and coal rocks are different, but the attenuation laws are basically the same, both conforming to the exponential attenuation law, with the vibration waves first decaying rapidly and then slowly. It provides a reference for the realization of surface monitoring of the distance from the roadheader to the natural gas well, preventing collision and predicting early warning.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of ultrasound (US) measurement for hip labrum with reference from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement for hip joint. Methods From July 2020 to June 2021, 42 patients with hip pain admitted in our hospital were enrolled in this study. They were 20 males and 22 females, and aged between 18 and 69 years old (mean 39.1±12.5 years old). Only the hip labrum of their healthy side were subjected for observation, including 12 left hips and 30 right hips. All patients underwent MRI and US examination for hip joint, and the measurement parameters included the thickness, and lengths and areas of anterior labrum, upper labrum and posterior labrum. Paired t test and rank sum test were used to compare the differences between the 2 measurements, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was adopt to compare the consistency of the 2 methods. Results The measurements of anterior hip labrum: thickness 3.41±0.62 vs 3.59±0.54 mm, length 7.90 (6.50, 8.75) vs 7.67±1.06 mm, area 0.17 (0.12, 0.19) vs 0.17±0.05 mm2 (US vs MRI). The measurements of upper hip labrum: thickness 4.20 (3.60, 4.75) vs 4.20±0.65 mm, length 6.80 (6.05, 8.10) vs 4.20±0.65 mm, area 0.19 (0.15, 0.22) vs MRI 0.18 (0.15, 0.24) mm2. The measurements of posterior hip labrum: thickness 3.77±0.61 vs 3.71±0.61 mm, length 6.73±1.12 vs 6.71±1.09 mm, area 0.16 (0.13, 0.21) vs 0.16 (0.13, 0.19) mm2. There was significant difference in the thickness of anterior hip labrum between US and MRI measurements (P < 0.05), but no such differences were seen in other measurement parameters. These 2 examination methods showed good agreement (ICC>0.4) in the measurements of hip labrum generally, except for the area of anterior hip labrum and the length and area of posterior hip labrum (ICC < 0.4). Conclusion US and MRI measurements show good agreement for the hip labrum. US examination can be used as an alternative or in addition to the initial imaging of the labrum of hip joint.

Cirrus clouds play a vital role in regulating the global radiative balance and climate, with their net radiative forcing determined by microphysical properties, which are strongly related to the ice-nucleating mechanisms, i.e., heterogeneous or homogeneous nucleation. However, there are lack of direct observational cases regarding the influence of long-range transport of Asian dust on primary ice formation in cirrus over the Pacific. Here we report on two such dust-cirrus interaction cases over the central Pacific with the combined observations of space-borne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR). Both cases show good agreement (within an order of magnitude) of in-cloud ICNC and nearby dust-related INP concentration (INPC) values, indicating that dust-induced heterogeneous nucleation is dominated in ice formation. This study shows that the natural supply of effective INPs to the upper troposphere can modulate the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds by acting as INPs and further influence on global climate. This information is useful for parameterizing ice formation in climate models.

Recently, microorganisms and their metabolites in the Antarctic marine environment have attracted attention as useful sources for novel therapeutics, including anticancer drugs. Here, we investigated the effects of citromycin, isolated from the Antarctic marine-derived fungus, Sporothrix sp., on human ovarian cancer cells. Citromycin inhibited the migration and invasion of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 and A2780 cells, but had no cytotoxic activity against them. Additionally, it inhibited the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and the activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP9. Moreover, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 signaling was inhibited after citromycin treatment, and the ectopic expression of ERK negated the anti-invasive activity of citromycin. Our findings suggest that citromycin inhibits the migration and invasion of human ovarian cancer cells by downregulating the expression levels of EMT markers and MMP-2/9 via inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway.