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With drilling and seismic data of Transtensional (strike-slip) Fault System in the Ziyang area of the central Sichuan Basin, SW China plane-section integrated structural interpretation, 3-D fault framework model building, fault throw analyzing, and balanced profile restoration, it is pointed out that the transtensional fault system in the Ziyang 3-D seismic survey consists of the northeast-trending FI19 and FI20 fault zones dominated by extensional deformation, as well as 3 sets of northwest-trending en echelon normal faults experienced dextral shear deformation. Among them, the FI19 and FI20 fault zones cut through the Neoproterozoic to Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, presenting a 3-D structure of an “S”-shaped ribbon. And before Permian and during the Early Triassic, the FI19 and FI20 fault zones underwent at least two periods of structural superimposition. Besides, the 3 sets of northwest-trending en echelon normal faults are composed of small normal faults arranged in pairs, with opposite dip directions and partially left-stepped arrangement. And before Permian, they had formed almost, restricting the eastward growth and propagation of the FI19 fault zone. The FI19 and FI20 fault zones communicate multiple sets of source rocks and reservoirs from deep to shallow, and the timing of fault activity matches well with oil and gas generation peaks. If there were favorable Cambrian–Triassic sedimentary facies and reservoirs developing on the local anticlinal belts of both sides of the FI19 and FI20 fault zones, the major reservoirs in this area are expected to achieve breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration.

The Tongnan secondary negative structure in central Sichuan Basin has controls and influences on the structural framework and petroleum geological conditions in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area. To clarify the controls and influences, the deformation characteristics, structural attributes and evolution process of the Tongnan negative structure were investigated through a series of qualitative and quantitative methods such as balanced profile restoration, area-depth-strain (ADS) analysis, and structural geometric forward numerical simulation, after comprehensive structural interpretation of high-precision 3D seismic data. The results are obtained in three aspects. First, above and below the P/AnP (Permian/pre-Permian) unconformity, the Tongnan negative structure demonstrates vertical differential structural deformation. It experiences two stages of structural stacking and reworking: extensional depression (from the Sinian Dengying Formation to the Permian), and compressional syncline deformation (after the Jurassic). The multi-phase trishear deformation of the preexisting deep normal faults dominated the extensional depression. The primary depression episodes occurred in the periods from the end of Late Proterozoic to the deposition of the 1st–2nd members of the Dengying Formation, and from the deposition of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation–Middle–Upper Cambrian until the Ordovician. Second, the multi-stage evolution process of the Tongnan negative structure controlled the oil and gas migration and adjustment and present-day differential gas and water distribution between the Tongnan negative structure and the Gaoshiti and Moxi-Longnüsi structural highs. Third, the Ordovician, which is limitedly distributed in the Tongnan negative structure and is truncated by the P/AnP unconformity on the top, has basic geological conditions for the formation of weathering karst carbonate reservoirs. It is a new petroleum target deserving attention.

Thermo-responsive hydrogels can dynamically modulate incident light, providing a broad prospect for development of smart windows, which are of pivotal importance for energy conservation in buildings. However, these hydrogels normally exhibit slow response speed and tend to contract over extended phase transition, compromising structural integrity of smart windows. In this study, a solid–liquid switchable thermochromic hydrogel, denoted as SL-PNIPAm, was synthesized by cross-linking PNIPAm with AMEO through dynamic imine bonds. Due to its distinctive solid–liquid transformation characteristics, SL-PNIPAm demonstrates rapid response time (within 5 s) and retains structural integrity without undergoing shrinkage during heating/cooling and freezing/thawing cycles. SL-PNIPAm can also be encapsulated within 2 glass panels to prepare smart windows, which showed extraordinary luminous transmittance (Tlum = 96.8%) and solar modulation ability (ΔTsolar = 89.7%) and effectively reduced the indoor temperature (22 °C) in a simulated indoor experiment. Energy consumption simulation investigations are performed in diverse cities. The results reveal that SLW is capable of achieving a remarkable 54% reduction of HVAC energy consumption, leading to substantial decrease in CO2 emissions by up to 40 kg m−2 annually. This work develops a new hydrogel system with outstanding durability for smart windows and will promote the development and renovation of thermochromic smart windows.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different factors (temperature, pH and ionic strength) on the stability of Pickering emulsion gel stabilized by starch-lipid complexes (SFAC) and uncover the underlying mechanism. The results of observation using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that SFAC particles could be adsorbed onto the oil-water interface, forming a tight barrier to wrap the dispersed oil droplets, leading to the formation of round emulsion droplets. The close packing of the emulsion droplets resulted in the formation of a stable gel network structure. Optical microscopic observation and analysis of particle size distribution and zeta potential showed that the hydrophobic starch emulsion gel maintained its structure and exhibited good storage stability at pH 3–9 and 0.1–0.9 mol/L ionic strength. In addition, the Pickering emulsion gel was thermally reversible; the particle size increased, the viscosity decreased and the gel melted at high temperatures, and the melted sample gelled again upon cooling. These results showed that hydrophobic starch Pickering emulsion gels are highly stable over a wide range of temperature, pH and ionic strength, and are suitable for the stabilization of different vegetable oils.

AI-based educational models are gradually receiving widespread attention and application with the rapid development of information technology. In the course of digital circuits, by combining modern technology with educational theories, constructing an intelligent learning environment can provide students with more efficient and personalized learning experiences. This article explores the significance and challenges of building an intelligent learning environment in the digital circuits course. It combines the characteristics of intelligent education that differentiate it from traditional education and constructs methods and strategies for creating a “four attributes, one value” intelligent learning environment from the perspectives of diversity, adaptability, autonomy, contribution, and optimized instructional assessment.

针对导弹装备, 尤其是新研装备或历史经验数据欠缺的装备, 在设计阶段保障方案规划不合理的问题, 提出了一种多扰动下面向设计的导弹装备保障系统仿真方法。构建了分层分块的混合递阶仿真框架, 抽象出装备保障过程中的装备类、保障类、管理类、环境类智能体, 并根据保障流程确定了这4类智能体的交互机制及信息传递链路。分析了影响装备保障决策的2类扰动, 建立了装备故障扰动和人员失误扰动模型, 采用双时钟机制实现仿真过程中的扰动注入, 并根据装备维修保障流程及智能体状态跃迁过程建立了保障系统的恢复行为模型。选取了某型导弹装备开展实例仿真, 将保障资源仿真结果与装备初始设计方案和装备实际需求情况进行对比, 验证了仿真系统的正确性, 为在设计阶段制定合理科学的装备保障方案提供了新思路。

A high-sensitivity electrochemical sensor was fabricated via in situ growth of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of a polypyrrole@poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonic acid (PPy@PEDOT:PSS) film for detecting sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (SHF) molecules in milk and rice flour samples. The sensor fabrication process involved randomly decorating Ag seed points on the porous PPy@PEDOT:PSS film via a chemical reduction process using a AgNO3 solution. Next, AgNPs were anchored on the PPy@PEDOT:PSS film surface using an electrochemical deposition method to prepare a sensor electrode. Under optimal conditions, the sensor exhibits a good linear relation within a range of 1–130 ng/mL for real milk and rice flour samples and its limit-of-detection values were up to 0.58 and 0.29 ng/mL, respectively. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the byproducts of the chemical reaction, such as formaldehyde. This AgNP/PPy@PEDOT:PSS film–based electrochemical sensor offers a simple and rapid method for detecting SHF molecules in food products.

Using student and teacher open-ended questionnaires, and interviews with teachers and school principals and administrators, this study examined the bilingual learning difficulties faced by the Tibetan minority students in Qinghai Province, China, the challenges in meeting their needs, and the suggestions for coping with these challenges. The participants included 200 Tibetan minority students, 20 classroom teachers, and 10 school principals and administrators randomly selected from eight secondary schools located in eight different counties, where there are the most Tibetan minority students in Qinghai Province. The results showed that they experienced considerable difficulties in both spoken and written Chinese, which had prevented them from understanding the lectures, answering questions, interacting with peers in the classroom, and communicating with friends and classmates outside of classroom. The challenges in meeting their bilingual learning needs include: (a) a language choice dilemma for parents, (b) insufficient training of bilingual education teachers, (c) lack of bilingual education resources; (d) short of qualified teachers; (e) lack of parent-school communication; and (f) insufficient training of principals and administrators. Suggestions for coping with these challenges and educational implications are discussed.