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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and single miRNAs regulating multiple mRNAs targets. Using bioinformatics approaches, this work aims to identify and characterize the miRNAs that could potentially bind with PDKCC, AP3S2 and SEC61A2 gene which regulate protein transport during heat stress. To resolve this problem, three freely available online miRNAs target finder databases were applied to identify the potential miRNAs which may target PDKCC, AP3S2 and SEC61A2 gene. The prediction results showed that a total of 115, 67 and 25 miRNAs for PDKCC, 267, 111 and 12 miRNAs for AP3S2 and 92, 120 and 31 miRNAs for SEC61A2 were identified as a possible potential candidate by TargetScan, MirTarget2 and miRanda respectively. Following the clustering process, we found eight miRNAs for PDKCC, three for AP3S2 and nine for SEC61A2s identified as possible candidates by all three databases. Five miRNAs in PDKCC, four in AP3S2 and five in the SEC61A2 gene have 100% identical sequence resemblance between human and bovine miRNAs. miRNAs binding site analysis showed that miR-34a in AP3S2 and miR-377 in SEC61A2 has the highest number of binding sites while miR-30b and miR-30c have two binding sites in 3´UTR of SEC61A2 gene whereas the rest of the miRNAs have the lowest number of the binding site in PDKCC and SEC61A2 gene respectively. Our study identified total four potential miRNAs that have different binding sites at the AP3S2 and SEC61A2 3´UTR site along with seven miRNAs which have single binding site and can modulate protein transport, translocation and other cellular pathways.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and zinc oxide (ZnO).

Probiotics have been suggested as alternatives to pharmacological drugs in the treatment of a variety of medical problems, including obesity management, which is often linked to low sperm production. Also, probiotic fermented products are known to boost host immune response, immunosenescence, infection tolerance, and redox homeostasis, but their direct role in male fertility has been less investigated. This study assessed the effect of two probiotic strains

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, with major economic and health implications. The complex pathophysiology of obesity explains the difficulty provided to health policy for its clinical management. Increasing data show that obesity and metabolic abnormalities are intimately connected to differences in consumption of probiotics, its relevance to gut microbiota activity and composition. The goal of this investigation was to assess the effect of oral delivery of indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum NCDC 400 and prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) on obesity-associated hepatic steatosis and inflammation produced by a high-fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6 mice treated with L. fermentum NCDC 400 either independently or in conjunction with FOS demonstrated reduced body weight and abdominal obesity after 24 weeks of treatment. Also, the anti-oxidative enzyme activity went down, and the inflammatory profile got better, with less fat getting into the hepatocytes. The lipid profile changed, with HDL cholesterol going up and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels going down. Further, L. fermentum NCDC 400 and FOS combinations decreased fasting glucose, gHbA1c, gastric inhibitory peptide, and insulin levels in mice fed with HFD, thus improving glucose homeostasis. Overall, consumption of L. fermentum NCDC 400 alone or its combinational effects had a protective role on obesity-associated hepatic steatosis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The potential indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum NCDC 400 and prebiotic FOS had a preventive role in obesity-induced hepatic steatosis and improves anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in HFD-fed obese mice. Our finding would be helpful to prevent obesity-associated hepatic steatosis and inflammation upon supplementation of pre- and pro-biotics (synbiotics).

Nanoparticles (NPs) are important in a variety of sectors, including disease diagnostics, medicine, nutrition, and many other industries. The risk of human exposure demands an early evaluation of both the basic dynamics of NPs’ interaction with biological systems and their potential consequences. Deciphering these occurrences will provide critical information regarding the health hazards and safety advantages associated with next-generation nanoformulations in clinical practice. We examined the HepG2 cell line in a systematic manner to determine the cellular response to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs. With the use of high-throughput transcriptomic methods, we found that both NPs induce comparable dysregulation of the endocytic and proteasomal complex genes in liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells, at levels (> 80 percent cell viability) that do not cause over-toxicity at early incubation period (6 h). SWCNT and ZnO NPs were shown to enter cells through clathrin-mediated pathways, affecting cytoskeleton gene expression, DNA damage and repair, protein ubiquitination, and cell transcriptional machinery. Our findings indicate that early response strategies activate stress-related mechanisms. Finally, this method for studying nanomaterial–cell interactions demonstrates how changes in the transcriptome profile may predict downstream consequences even at doses that do not cause acute toxicity.