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This study investigated the impact of low-dose electron beam irradiation on the structure-property correlation of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), ternary copolymer polypropylene (co-PP), and their blends. Effects of the absorbed dose on the rheological properties, strength, crystallization behavior, crystal structure, and mechanical properties of LLDPE/co-PP blended polyolefins with various blending ratios were examined. The melt index test results indicate that, for LLDPE: co-PP ratios of 3∶1 and 1∶1, the melt index of each prepared polyolefin decreases and its crosslinking degree increases as the absorbed dose increases. However, for a LLDPE: co-PP ratio of 1∶3, the crosslinking degree of the polyolefin decreased with increasing absorbed dose. The crystal structure and crystallization behavior of the polyolefins were minimally affected by their absorbed doses, however, varying the ratios of blended LLDPE and co-PP affected the crystallization of both LLDPE and co-PP. For a blend with 1: 1 ratio, an absorbed dose greater than 2 kGy resulted in a sample elongation at break exceeding 890% and a fracture strength of 25.4 MPa those of both LLDPE and co-PP. Additionally, the stress-strain curves of the prepared polyolefins indicated that the absorbed dose enhanced the compatibility between LLDPE and co-PP. Thus, low-dose irradiation of LLDPE/co-PP polyolefins would offer a new avenue of research on polyolefin product development.

In the long-distance transportation of natural gas, the oleophobic coalescing filter element will experience secondary entrainment and a decrease in filtration efficiency when the gas velocity is too high. Herein, an testing device for the filtration performance of the gasliquid coalescing filter element was established according to the relevant test standards. The effects of the precision grade of the filter element, the material of the drainage layer and the punching height of the inner skeleton on the filtration performance of the oleophobic coalescing filter element under high gas velocity were studied and analyzed. The results show that the high-precision filter material is easy to cause the accumulation of liquid between the last layer of filter material and the drainage layer during filtration at high gas velocity, resulting in the high-precision filter material failing to achieve the optimal filtration effect. Instead, the filter material with moderate precision has the best filtration performance. When the material of the drainage layer is changed to primary felt and sponge,the pressure drop in the channels of the filter element is reduced, the drainage speed of the last filter material layer is accelerated, the liquid accumulation between the last filter material layer and the drainage layer is mitigated, and the secondary entrainment of the filter element is significantly weakened. The secondary entrainment of the filter element can be effectively reduced when the punching height in the inner skeleton is 2 cm from the bottom of the filter element.

Abstract The Nod‐like receptor (NLR) family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) has been reported as an activator of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I that is responsible for immune activity in cancer treatment. This work focuses on the role of BMI1 proto‐oncogene (BMI1) in the NLRC5‐HLA class I axis and in immune escape in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First, immunoblot analysis and/or reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed, which identified decreased NLRC5 and HLA class I levels in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. NSCLCs were co‐cultured with activated CD8+ T cells. Overexpression of NLRC5 in NSCLC cells elevated the expression of HLA class I and increased the activity of T cells and IL‐2 production, and it reduced the PD‐1/PD‐L1 levels. The ubiquitination and immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that BMI1 bound to NLRC5 to induce is ubiquitination and protein degradation. Downregulation of BMI1 in NSCLC cells elevated NLRC5 and HLA class I levels, and consequently promoted T cell activation and decreased PD‐1/PD‐L1 levels in the co‐culture system. However, overexpression of BMI1 in cells led to inverse trends. In summary, this study demonstrates that BMI1 induces ubiquitination and protein degradation of NLRC5 and suppresses HLA class I expression, which potentially helps immune escape in NSCLC.

Pursuing and developing elegant and general approaches for the large-scale production of atomic-level dispersed Pt catalysts are attractive for effective hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Herein, we propose an eco-friendly, cost-efficient, and scalable strategy by combining incipient wetness impregnation with electron beam irradiation to synthesize atomic-level dispersed 8 wt % Pt anchored on a carbon support. The Pt4+ ions are efficiently reduced in situ to Pt2+ while simultaneously inducing surface groups on the carbon support. The excellent catalytic performance for the Pt-catalyzed hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been demonstrated on the basis of electrochemical tests, kinetic analyses, and the Tafel mechanism. We clarified the influence of absorbed dose on the active site number, surface functional groups, defect levels, electronic structure, and local environment of the catalysts. At the optimal dose of 100 kGy, one can attain the utmost level of Pt2+ content and generate a greater abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon support, resulting in 4.5 times higher HER activity than the commercial 20% Pt/C. This work provides a scientific paradigm to design and develop atomically dispersed precious metal catalysts for efficient and scalable electrolytic water splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of flexible circuits is a crucial and challenging aspect in the design and fabrication of fabric‐based flexible electronics, which hold significant potential for various applications. In this study, we successfully developed high‐precision and durable fabric‐based flexible circuits by ingeniously combining ultraviolet light (UV)‐curing technology with chemical plating. Specifically, a UV coating containing Ag/Fe3O4 catalysts was applied onto polyester fabric surface, followed by printing the designed circuit structure diagram onto the fabric using UV light‐directed curing of the coating, and fabric‐based flexible circuits were then fabricated through chemical plating process. The fabric‐based flexible circuits exhibit only minimal increases in resistance following durability testing, including bending (8000 times), abrasion (2000 times), high and low temperature stability (−30 to 60°C), and high temperature/humidity stability (65°C, RH = 95%, 48 h), which remains consistently stable. This developed technology holds immense potential across various applications for smart wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, system maintenance and production scheduling are jointly decided to solve the problems of resource idleness and time cost increase due to system maintenance in the processing of production scheduling. For the multi-component system with economic dependence, a joint strategy of condition-based maintenance and production scheduling is formulated, which includes opportunistic maintenance, preventive maintenance, and corrective maintenance. On this basis, a joint decision model is established to minimise the total weighted expected completion time. Subsequently, all possible maintenance requirements and their corresponding probabilities for the multi-component system in the entire production scheduling process are deduced via the deterioration state space partition modelling method. Furthermore, the stationary probability density function of the joint state of the system is derived, and its numerical solution method is provided. Finally, taking the KS5 adjustable multi-axis tapping machine as an example, numerical experiments are conducted to verify the efficacy of the proposed strategy and the established model. Comparisons with previous strategies using different numbers of components and scheduling job scales indicate that the joint decision model yields better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]