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Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are rare, predominantly drug‐induced, acute life‐threatening diseases of skin and mucosae. SJS and TEN are nowadays considered as variants of one disease entity with varying degrees of severity called epidermal necrolysis (EN). EN is associated with high morbidity and mortality and constitutes a major disease burden for affected patients. The guideline "Diagnosis and treatment of epidermal necrolysis (Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis)" was developed under systematic consideration of existing scientific literature and in a formal consensus process according to regulations issued by the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) to establish an evidence‐based framework to support clinical decision‐making. The interdisciplinary guideline commission consisted of representatives from various specialist societies and of patient representatives. The guideline is aimed at specialists in the fields of dermatology, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, intensive care, and pediatrics in hospitals and offices, as well as other medical specialties involved in the diagnosis and treatment of EN. The guideline is also aimed at patients, their relatives, insurance funds, and policymakers. The second part is concerned with the topics of supportive therapy in the acute phase of EN and outpatient follow‐up treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Omega‐3 fatty acids (ω‐3 FA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential nutrients known for their anti‐inflammatory properties, which involve reducing pro‐inflammatory cytokines, eicosanoids, and insulin‐like growth factor‐1. This suggests their potential to alleviate acne severity, especially when deficits are present. Aims: To elevate EPA/DHA levels in acne patients through dietary intervention and supplementation, observing subsequent clinical effects. Methods: Over 16 weeks, 60 patients without prescription medication (n = 23 acne comedonica [AC], n = 37 acne papulopustulosa [AP]) adhered to a Mediterranean diet, incorporating oral algae‐derived ω‐3 FA supplementation (600 mg DHA/300 mg EPA week 1–8, 800 mg DHA/400 mg EPA week 8–16). At four visits (V1–V4), blood EPA/DHA levels were tracked using the HS‐omega 3 index® (EPA/DHA (%) of total identified fatty acids in erythrocytes; target 8%–11%, deficit <8%, severe deficit <4%), alongside clinical assessments and standardized questionnaires. Results: At baseline, 98.3% of patients had an EPA/DHA deficit, with the mean HS‐omega 3 index® rising from 4.9% at V1 to 8.3% at V4 (p < 0.001). AC showed significantly higher indices than AP at V4 (p = 0.035). Objective improvements in both inflammatory and non‐inflammatory lesions were observed (p < 0.001). While self‐reported appearance worsened in four patients, overall quality of life improved (p < 0.001), particularly in AP. Dietary triggers were more clearly defined than beneficial foods. Intake of cow's milk and dairy products reduced (p < 0.001). Compliance was good; no adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Many acne patients have a ω‐3 FA deficit. The HS‐omega 3 index® can be increased by a Mediterranean diet and oral supplementation with algae‐derived ω‐3 FA. Acne severity improved significantly in patients with target ω‐3 FA levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background and Objectives: Knowledge about the current spectrum of dermatomycoses is important for diagnosis and therapy. Patients and Methods: A retrospective, monocentric analysis of mucocutaneous fungal infections diagnosed at a large European academic dermatology department in Munich was conducted; 87,229 samples from 48,916 patients from January 1, 2011, to August 30, 2020, were included. Results: Fungi were detected in 11,513 samples from 48,916 (23.54%), and 36 different species were identified. Candida (C.) albicans was the most common pathogen (5,055 detections; 43.91% of all positive samples), followed by Trichophyton (T.) rubrum (3,076 detections; 26.72% of all positive samples) and Candida parapsilosis (923 detections; 8.02% of all positive samples). Rare pathogens such as Trichophyton raubitschekii were also detected. Coinfections with multiple species were detected in 44 cases. Conclusions: Even though C. albicans, T. rubrum, and C. parapsilosis were confirmed as the most common pathogens, rare pathogens should also be considered in clinical practice. The predominant spectrum of fungi differed from that reported in other countries. Furthermore, a difference in the pathogen spectrum could be observed depending on the age group and body site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are rare, predominantly drug‐induced, acute, life‐threatening diseases of skin and mucosae. SJS and TEN are nowadays considered variants of one disease entity with varying degrees of severity called epidermal necrolysis (EN). EN is associated with high morbidity and mortality and constitutes a major disease burden for affected patients. The guideline "Diagnosis and treatment of epidermal necrolysis (Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis)" was developed under systematic consideration of existing scientific literature and in a formal consensus process according to regulations issued by the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) to establish an evidence‐based framework to support clinical decision‐making. The interdisciplinary guideline commission consisted of representatives from various specialist societies and patient representatives. The guideline is aimed at specialists in the fields of dermatology, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, intensive care, and pediatrics in hospitals and offices, as well as other medical speciallved in the diagnosis and treatment of EN. The guideline is also aimed at patients, their relatives, insurance funds, and policymakers. This first part focuses on the diagnostic aspects, the initial management as well as the immunomodulating systemic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, a rare and severe drug hypersensitivity reaction. The incidence of DRESS is low, ranging from two to five cases per million per year, with a mortality rate of 5-10%. The diagnosis of DRESS is challenging due to its complex clinical presentation and overlap with other conditions. The article provides a diagnostic algorithm and treatment recommendations based on a comprehensive literature review and expert consensus. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, and second-line therapies may be considered for refractory cases. Prospective clinical trials are needed to further validate treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Lichen planus (LP) is a highly prevalent inflammatory skin disease. While various clinical subtypes have been defined, detailed comparisons of these variants are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate differences in gene expression and cellular composition across LP subtypes. Lesional skin biopsies from 28 LP patients (classical, oral, genital, and lichen planopilaris) and seven non-diseased skin controls (NDC) were analyzed. Gene expression profiling of 730 inflammation-related genes was conducted using NanoString. Immune cell compositions were assessed by multiplex immunohistochemistry. Gene expression profiles revealed unique inflammatory signatures for each LP subtype. Lichen planopilaris exhibited the most divergence, with downregulated gene expression and upregulation of complement pathway genes (C5-7), along with elevated M2 macrophages. Oral and genital LP demonstrated similar profiles with strong upregulation of TNF-related and Toll-like receptor-associated genes. Oral LP showed the highest upregulation of cytotoxicity-associated genes, as well as high numbers of CD8+ IL-17A+ (Tc17) cells (8.02%). Interferon gene signatures were strongly upregulated in oral and classical LP. The study highlights distinct differences in inflammatory gene expression and cell composition across LP subtypes, emphasizing the need for tailored therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]