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We present the first faunal analysis of the ants (Formicidae) of the Kingdom of Bahrain (Bahrain), an island nation in the Arabian Gulf. We document a total of 35 ant species based on published, unpublished and new specimen records, including 26 presumed native species and nine non-native tramp species. The native fauna was predominantly of Palaearctic origin, with a few Afrotropical species. A new species of the genus Lepisiota Santschi, 1926, L. bahrainensissp. n., is described and illustrated based on the worker caste. Habitat suitability modelling of the ant fauna of Bahrain was generated using a total of 157 recorded points against the panel of 19 bioclimatic factors. We used Maxent software to generate the final map which indicates a significantly high and excellent habitat suitability of species on the northern part of the country and high suitability on the eastern coasts. Our results show that the mean temperature of the driest season is the most effective parameter in modelling the distribution, and we present interpretations of the very low habitat suitability in the extremely arid desert in the southern regions of the main island. Finally, we present ecological and biological remarks and distribution maps for each species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Investigating and assessing native fish diversity and conducting regional assessments of threats are vital for the conservation of aquatic biodiversity. For this specific study, the Daqing River basin in China was chosen as the research area. Field surveys were carried out between 2018 and 2019, supplemented by a review of pertinent literature and other records. Methods: To evaluate fish diversity, the following parameters are selected for analysis: Relative abundance (Pi), Frequency of occurrence (Fi), Margalef richness index (D), Shannon Wiener diversity index (H'), and Pielou evenness index (J').Relative abundance levels are categorized as follows: dominant species make up more than 10%, common species account for 1%--10%, and occasional species constitute less than 1%. Canoco 5.0 software was utilized to conduct Redundancy Analysis (RDA) on the fish species composition and environmental factors at 34 sampling sites. Results: The findings revealed that 85 fish species have been recorded in the basin, consisting of 78 freshwater species categorized into 8 orders, 17 families, and 59 genera, among which Cypriniformes comprised 64% of the total catch. The low proportion of threatened and endemic species was an important feature of the fish diversity of the Daqing River. Despite the theoretical presence of 85 species, field surveys managed to collect only 42 species, of which 33 were confirmed as naturally occurring within the basin. The average values of Margalef richness index, 22 Shannon Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were 1.72, 2.04 and 0.80 respectively, signifying a low fish diversity with relatively uniform distribution across the sampled regions. Discussion: This study found that the community structure and diversity of fish were closely related to environmental factors, particularly water quality. Among these factors, ammonia nitrogen emerged as a significant determinant of fish diversity. High concentrations of ammonia nitrogen inhibit fish growth, endanger health, and can even lead to death. Additionally, dams and other water infrastructure also impact fish community structure and diversity. This baseline study can provide a basis for the protection and ecological restoration of fish resources in the Daqing River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper records six species and five genera of mites in the family Laelapidae from soil in Punjab, Pakistan. Five species are recorded from Pakistan for the first time – Euandrolaelaps karawaiewi (Berlese, 1904), Gaeolaelaps minor (Costa, 1968), Gymnolaelaps kabitae Bhattacharyya, 1968, Ololaelaps translineatus (Barilo, 1991), and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley, 1956). Cosmolaelaps lutosus sp. nov. is described as a new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirty-four species of oribatid mites (Oribatida), belonging to 29 genera and 14 families, were collected from Saona Island, Southeast Dominican Republic. A new species of the genus Pergalumna—P. (Pergalumna) saonaensis sp. nov.—is described from leaf litter of the mixed forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reports four new records of phytoseiid mites from the Indian subcontinent. Detailed description of all the four species viz., Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski & Amitai), Gynaeseius liturivorus (Ehara), Okiseius subtropicus Ehara, and Phytoseius haroldi Ueckermann & Kreiter is provided in this paper along with illustrations and comparison of specimens collected in the present study with those of the previous reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of wildlife imagery in society is highly varied and could contribute to reinforcing national identity. Standard depictions of wildlife include photographs, video, artwork and symbols or icons, including on currency.We investigated the representation of native fauna on 4541 banknotes from 207 countries between 1980 and 2017, to identify geographic hotspots and taxonomic patterns and determine whether threatened and endemic species were more readily represented.Native fauna was depicted on 15.2% of banknotes reviewed (352 unique species) with a strong bias towards terrestrial species (89%) and a dominance of bird and mammal species (83% combined). African banknotes had the highest mammal representation while birds were favoured in South America. Globally, threatened species were commonly depicted on banknotes with 30% of all imagery representing these species.The fauna species depicted on banknotes generally perpetuate existing perceptions about these species (i.e., charismatic species). We recommend several avenues for further investigation to explore relationships between perceived value and wildlife representation. These include longitudinal studies of how representation changes over time, the inclusion of flora and/or coin imagery, identifying species‐specific traits for selected wildlife and examining the decision‐making processes governing wildlife imagery on banknotes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected from litter of the riparian mixed forest in the Hicacos Peninsula, northern Cuba. A list of 26 species, belonging to 23 genera and 15 families, is presented; of these, one genus and three species are reported for the first time for Cuban fauna. Two new species – Eremulus hicacosensis sp. nov. (Eremulidae) and Suctobelbella (Flagrosuctobelba) matanzasensis sp. nov. (Suctobelbidae) – are described. Identification keys to the known species of Eremulus and Suctobelbella (Flagrosuctobelba) from the Neotropical region are provided.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2F4E8CE0-49AE-400B-BF0E-E9640C521E3E [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected from litter in highlands bamboo location in Bale Mountains National Park, Southeastern Ethiopia. A list of 35 species belonging to 27 genera and 19 families is presented; of these, Nothrus berlesei and Dolicheremaeus capillatus neonominatus are recorded in Ethiopia for the first time. Two new species—Coronabelba pustulata Ermilov sp. nov. and Suctobelbila quattuor Ermilov sp. nov.—are described. Coronabelba pustulata differs from the other congeneric species by the presence of densely tuberculate dorsal part of the notogaster, bordered by two longitudinal ridges. Suctobelbila quattuor differs from the other congeneric species by the presence of four longitudinal cerotegumental bands represented by sparse granules connected by cerotegumental cords on the notogaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Understanding the diversity, distribution, and ecological roles of leaf-mining Lepidoptera across different biomes is both intriguing and important for advancing our knowledge of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Despite extensive studies on leaf-mining Nepticulidae in tropical environments, no one had previously explored trapping in completely dry deciduous forests, especially during the peak of the dry season when trees are bare and even grass is dried out. This paper reveals an unexpected and astonishing abundance of minuscule plant-mining Nepticulidae moths in such dry deciduous forests. Our study ecoregion, the tropical dry forests of Honduras, includes the Pacific coastal lowlands and premontane areas extending into low-altitude regions further inland, known for their rich biodiversity and high levels of endemism. In these tropical dry forests, we identified five species of pygmy moths belonging to the genus Acalyptris Meyrick, including three new species. These moths are characterized by their distinctive grey coloration and exceptionally small size, classified as "extremely small". Despite their similarities, they exhibit significant differences in genital structures and molecular profiles, indicating distinct species groups. Our research also uncovered novel atypical morphological traits in Nepticulidae from this ecoregion. These findings highlight the unique and highly specific nature of the Nepticulidae fauna in tropical dry forests. A key question arises regarding the presence of Nepticulidae adults during the dry season: could they be mining plant bark instead of leaves? This paper aims to stimulate further exploration of micromoths in other tropical dry forests, which, despite their limited and fragmented distribution, are found not only in Central America but also in other regions worldwide. Our investigation centered on the tropical dry forests along the Pacific coast of Honduras, aiming to elucidate the presence and abundance of minuscule grey moths during the dry season. Through specimen dissections and the taxonomic identification of the collected material, we have described three new species: Acalyptris podenasi sp. nov., A. palpiformis sp. nov., and A. tortoris sp. nov. Additionally, we documented two species previously known from neighboring countries, A. lascuevella Puplesis & Robinson and A. basicornis Remeikis & Stonis. The females of A. lascuevella were previously unknown and are documented here for the first time. Morphological examinations were complemented by DNA barcoding, particularly highlighting variation in A. lascuevella. The paper's primary significance lies not only in the description of new species but also in uncovering their taxonomic, morphological, and molecular importance. We found that these species are unique and indicative of the previously unstudied dry forests as a distinct ecosystem. Our findings revealed several novel atypical morphological traits within the studied Nepticulidae, including unusually large signum cells in the female genitalia, a dorso-ventrally divided uncus, and asymmetrical valvae in the male genitalia. These discoveries underscore the morphological diversity of Acalyptris Meyrick and their significance in evolutionary biology. Consequently, the paper addresses a previously unknown phenomenon of the occurrence and astonishing abundance of minuscule plant-mining micromoths in dry deciduous forests during the peak of the dry season. We hope that this paper will encourage Lepidoptera taxonomists to explore micromoths in other tropical dry forests, which, while limited in distribution, hold global importance. The paper is extensively illustrated with photographs of Acalyptris adults and their genitalia, along with maps, habitats, and molecular phylogenetic trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nature reserve of Bec du Feyi near Wibrin has been the object of protection and nature conservation management measures for over 30 years to ensure its perennity. The reserve consists mainly of a mosaic of hay meadows, marshes, ponds, aquatic environments and old clear-cuts in the process of recolonization. The manager shares his thoughts on the evolution of nature through the various environments and habitats that make up this natural site, based on the impact of management actions, but also based on the influence of the numerous factors affecting the local environment and, more broadly, climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study plant bugs fauna, investigations were carried out during 2021-2023 in hazelnut orchards in Guilan province, Iran. Insect samples were collected by using an insect net by hitting the branches of hazelnut trees and sweeping the host plants grown at the base of hazelnut trees in hazelnut orchards. A total of 23 species from the subfamilies Mirinae (13 species), Orthotylinae (5 species), Phylinae (3 species) and Deraeocorinae (2 species) were collected and identified. Among collected species, 9 species are herbivores (39%), 12 species predators (52%), and 2 species have dual predator/herbivory behavior (9%). The following identified species has been listed based on subfamilies. They are reported for the first time from the hazelnut orchards of Guilan province. In order to facilitate the identifications, a brief description and digital images of the dorsal habitus of each species were prepared. This study has been conducted for the first time in Iran’s hazelnut cultivation areas. Deraeocorinae Douglas & Scott, 1865: Deraeocoris (Knightocapsus) lutescens (Schilling, 1837), Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) serenus (Douglas & Scott, 1868), Mirinae Hahn, 1833: Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze, 1778), Adelphocoris ticinensis (Meyer-Dür, 1843), Charagochilus gyllenhali (Fallén, 1807), Closterotomus costae (Reuter, 1888), Megaloceroea recticornis (Geoffroy, 1785), Mermitelocerus schmidtii (Fieber, 1836), Miris persicus (Reuter 1876), Phytocoris (Ktenocoris) varipes Boheman, 1852, Phytocoris (Ktenocoris) insignis Reuter, 1876, Phytocoris (Exophytocoris) scitulus scitulus Reuter, 1908, Stenodema (Brachystira) calcarata (Fallén, 1807), Stenodema (Stenodema) laevigata (Linnaeus, 1758), Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius, 1794), Orthotylinae Van Duzee, 1916: Globiceps (Globiceps) coryli Putshkov, 1970, Blepharidopterus angulatus (Fallén, 1807), Blepharidopterus diaphanus (Kirschbaum, 1856), Malacocoris chlorizans (Panzer, 1794), Reuteria kiritshenkoi Muminov, 1964, Phylinae Douglas & Scott, 1865: Orthonotus rufifrons (Fallén, 1807), Pilophorus confusus (Kirschbaum, 1856), Plagiognathus (Plagiognathus) fulvipennis (Kirschbaum, 1856). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) are one of the most important decomposers of organic matters in the soil and participate in the process of humus formation with microorganisms. In this paper, the fauna of oribatid mites of the family Lohmanniidae in Iran has been reviewed. The examined samples belong to a period of 30 years from 1992 to 2022 from different regions of Iran, that most of them are preserved in the Acarological collection of the Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University. The examined samples are about more than 700 individual mites, which have been mounted as microscope slides. In this review, 24 species of mites of this family belong to 10 genera (Cryptacarus, Haplacarus, Heptacarus, Javacarus, Lepidacarus, Lohmannia, Mixacarus, Nesiacarus, Papillacarus and Thamnacarus ) are introduced from different parts of Iran and a key to the genera, subgenera and species is provided. Three genera including Haplacarus, Lepidacarus and Nesiacarus are reported for the first time from Iran. In this paper, the role and importance of Lohmanniidae family in nature is also briefly mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 is reported for the first time from Pakistan. The new species Haplodrassus nagri sp. n. is described and illustrated from Dir Lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study focuses on the investigation of the ecological aspects (seasonal dynamics, height distribution, and preference of biotopes) of six species within the genus Panorpa (P. alpina Rambur, 1842, P. cognata Rambur, 1842, P. communis Linnaeus, 1758, P. germanica Linnaeus, 1758, P. hybrida MacLachlan, 1882, and P. vulgaris Imhoff & Labram, 1845). The observed seasonal dynamics predominantly display a monovoltine nature. P. communis was active from the early days of May, with individuals persisting until the beginning of October. Conversely, P. vulgaris exhibits activity from the third decade of May to mid-September. P. hybrida manifests within a concise timeframe, observed from late May to late July. P. cognata demonstrates activity commencing in early May, with individuals observed until the end of September. Within forest environments, the highest population density of all species is concentrated at a height of 1.5 m above ground level, whereas the minimum population density is recorded at a height of 12 m above ground level. P. vulgaris demonstrates comparable abundance across heights ranging from 1.5 to 7.5 m, whereas P. hybrida exhibits uniform distribution solely at heights of 1.5 and 3.5 m. Furthermore, the abundance of P. communis surpasses that at other heights when observed at the height of 1.5 m. Panorpa specimens exhibit an absence in open ecosystems at heights of 8 and 10 m. The peak of population density for all species is consistently identified at heights of 2 and 4 m. The application of six diverse entomological methodologies leads to optimal outcomes. Our investigations reveal that P. communis, P. vulgaris, and P. hybrida display greater attraction to beer traps, while P. cognata exhibits a comparatively diminished propensity for such traps. P. cognata, in contrast, demonstrates a substantial presence in pan traps and pitfall traps. In Malaise traps, pan traps, and pitfall traps, five distinct species were captured, although with a species composition differing from alternative methods. To sum up, for the comprehensive study of Panorpa across an expansive geographical spectrum, it is judicious to integrate both net captures and the use of diverse trap types. In addition, it is necessary to explore all biotopes and tiers of the forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The Wild Animal Screening Center in Espírito Santo State (CETAS-ES), Brazil, treats wildlife from trafficking and illegal trade, accidents, captivity, and rescue from out of their habitat. The present study described the trends in wildlife admission to the CETAS-ES over the past 10 years and discussed the impact of animal exploitation. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study used a database provided by the CETAS-ES with data on animals admitted between 2011 and 2021, including admission year, origin, place of captivity, taxonomic category, sex, life stage, and health status. Results: Over 10 years, 23,176 animals were admitted, with an annual average of 2,106 admissions. Seizing was the most common origin (60.39%), followed by rescues/collections (22.60%) and voluntary delivery (11.7%), whereas 5.3% had unidentified origins. Birds were the most frequently admitted animals (80.6%) and were predominant among those seized (97.5%), rescued/collected (46.7%), and voluntarily delivered (73.2%). Mammals represented 45.0% of rescues/collections and reptiles represented 19.0% of voluntary deliveries. Conclusion: The admissions reveal a vulnerable scenario for wildlife in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest of Espírito Santo State, mainly affecting birds. Seizing was a common occurrence over the decade, reinforcing the necessity of actions to prevent wildlife trafficking and illegal trade.

Abstract The use of wildlife imagery in society is highly varied and could contribute to reinforcing national identity. Standard depictions of wildlife include photographs, video, artwork and symbols or icons, including on currency. We investigated the representation of native fauna on 4541 banknotes from 207 countries between 1980 and 2017, to identify geographic hotspots and taxonomic patterns and determine whether threatened and endemic species were more readily represented. Native fauna was depicted on 15.2% of banknotes reviewed (352 unique species) with a strong bias towards terrestrial species (89%) and a dominance of bird and mammal species (83% combined). African banknotes had the highest mammal representation while birds were favoured in South America. Globally, threatened species were commonly depicted on banknotes with 30% of all imagery representing these species. The fauna species depicted on banknotes generally perpetuate existing perceptions about these species (i.e., charismatic species). We recommend several avenues for further investigation to explore relationships between perceived value and wildlife representation. These include longitudinal studies of how representation changes over time, the inclusion of flora and/or coin imagery, identifying species‐specific traits for selected wildlife and examining the decision‐making processes governing wildlife imagery on banknotes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Dünya üzerinde yaşayan en kalabalık canlı grubu olan böcekler, doğal yaşam alanlardan başka yerlere taşınmaları durumunda önemli sorunlara neden olabilmektedirler. Son elli yılda Türkiye’de başka ülkelerden ve hatta kıtalardan taşınan böcek ve mantarların da aralarında bulunduğu birçok biyotik unsur önemli düzeyde hasara neden olmuş ve olmaya da devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’den kayıtları belirtilen ve istilacı olduğu tespit edilen Coleoptera takımına ait; Phoracantha semipunctata (Fabricius, 1775), Phoracantha recurva (Newman, 1840), Cordylomera spinicornis (Fabricius, 1775), Xylotrechus stebbingi (Gahan, 1906), Phryneta leprosa (Fabricius, 1775), Anoplophora chinensis (Forster, 1771), Anoplophora malasiaca (J. Thomson, 1865), Batocera rufomaculata (De Geer, 1775), Dendroctonus micans (Kugelann, 1794), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773), ve Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff, 1875) taksonlarının; taksonomisi, biyomorfolojisi ekofaunası, Türkiye ve dünyadaki dağılımı belirtilerek, ülkemizdeki istilacı türlerin varlığı, etki alanları ve riskleri analiz edilerek değerlendirilmeleri amaçlanmaktadır.

Reliable biodiversity baseline data are needed to support the monitoring of faunal responses to human activities and the development of species conservation strategies in the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland (LSBP). We conducted a ten-day Rapid Biodiversity Assessment (RBA), the first survey of amphibians, reptiles, and mammals to focus specifically on the LSBP. We recorded 24 herpetofauna (17 reptile, seven amphibian) and eight mammal species. Four reptiles were Vulnerable and Near Threatened species according to the IUCN Red List, and another five were classified as Other Threatened species at national level. A possible new location record for Leyte Island was the Indo-Pacific tree gecko (Hemiphyllodactylus typus Bleeker 1860). Four of the mammal species we recorded also belonged to the IUCN and national Vulnerable, Endangered or Near Threatened categories. Our results showed that the LSBP is an important area for biodiversity conservation, hosting endemic and globally threatened species. Creating a Local Conservation Area (LCA) within or near the LSBP could substantially support the survival of threatened species that depend mostly on the peatland as their habitat. Nonetheless, further scientific studies are needed to better understand the value of the LSBP and how to conserve its natural resources.

In this paper, we provide additional data on the orb-weaver spider fauna (Araneae: Araneidae) of Kosovo. Three species are reported for the first time from this country: Araneus grossus (C.L. Koch, 1844), Argiope lobata (Pallas, 1772) and Cyclosa oculata (Walckenaer, 1802). In consideration of the findings and the updated checklist of Araneidae in this study, the documented number of spider species in Kosovo has now increased to 251. Given that the spider fauna of Kosovo is still not fully explored, our study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing exploration to better comprehend the diversity of spider species within the region.

Aphids constitute a significant cohort of herbivorous insects, primarily nourishing themselves by extracting plant sap, sometimes posing a notable threat to plant health. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation into the aphid fauna associated with Carthamus in Iran, unveiling 18 species across 11 genera within the Aphididae. Furthermore, 31 associations between aphid species and host plants were recognized, of which two are new for Iran. Our study expands upon prior knowledge by documenting three new occurrences, shedding light on previously unrecorded aphid species in Isfahan and Razavi Khorasan provinces. In addition, we describe the previously unknown male of Uroleucon carthami, offering insights into its life cycle and reproductive strategies. An identification key to the apterous viviparous female aphids living on Carthamus in Iran is provided.

Species of the subfamily Diplazontinae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) were studied in West Azarbaijan province (Northwest of Iran). The specimens were collected using Malaise traps, during 2019–2020. Five species belonging to three genera were collected and identified. One species, Homotropus riedeli Johansson, 2020 was a new record for Iran as well as Asia. The distribution range of this species extends from Sweden to the north-west of Iran. A checklist is being compiled for 27 known Iranian species of this subfamily. In addition, a distribution map based on the recorded areas for each species within the Iranian provinces has been provided. We proposed a new direction for future biodiversity inventories of this subfamily in Iran.

The tachinid flies (Diptera) and their host species have been studied in the corn and sugar beet fields of Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces from 2022 to 2023. The infested plants by caterpillars were collected in order to rear the larvae at the laboratory. In this study, six species of parasitoids were identified of which Drino imberbis (Wiedemann, 1830), Linnaemya neavei Curran, 1934 and Pseudogonia rufifrons (Wiedemann, 1830) parasitize the larval stages of Leucania loreyi (Duponchel, 1827) in corn fields. The species D. imberbis is newly reported here as a parasitoid of L. loreyi in Iran. The tachinid Voria ruralis (Fallén, 1810) is the first world recorded parasitoid of larval stages of Sesamia cretica Lederer, 1857. Furthermore, Periscepsia carbonaria (Panzer, 1797) and an undetermined Tachina sp. were discovered to parasitize the larvae of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]), respectively, in sugar beet fields.

One new species Aeolothrips kishensis sp. n. is described. Thrips diversity in Iran is briefly discussed and a list of 45 species and nine genera described and recorded during 2018 to 2024 is prepared. Diagnostic characters and illustrations for the new species are provided.

An annotated list of 26 species of sawfies belonging to four families collected in Tajikistan is presented. Arge scita (Moscáry, 1880), Athalia cornubiae Benson, 1931, Halidamia afnis (Fallén, 1807), Nematus tataricus Zinovjev, 1978, and Tenthredo echo Zhelochovtsev, 1961 are recorded for the fauna of Tajikistan for the frst time. Morphological differences between the superfcially similar species Tenthredo pamyrensis Jakowlew, 1888 and T. variabilis Mocsáry, 1909 are discussed. Diferences between the colour forms of T. grombczewskii (Jakowlew, 1891), T. haberhaueri Kirby, 1881 and T. pamyrensis are considered. For all found species, the features of biotopic confnement and distribution in the studied area are given.

Statement of the problem and goal. Vinnytsia region now demonstrates one of the lowest indicators of provision of natural protected areas and objects (2.27% of the region’s area). The regional figure for Vinnytsia is even lower, which is 1.65% of the city’s area. The need of the day is to study the localities of rare species of biota, rare biotopes, and migration routes of animals in an urbanized environment as potential objects for the development of protected areas. Materials and methods. Determination of the optimal methodology for identifying the taxonomic structure and ecological groups of the studied fauna based on the analysis of literary, cartographic, and stock materials. To assess the geocomponent representativeness of the fauna of the urban environment, expedition research methods were used. Systematization of terrestrial and terrestrial-aquatic taxonomic groups of fauna was carried out using empirical methods. Identification of characteristic traces and remains is used to record animals through visual observation. Audio Moth v.1.2.0 recording devices and an Echo Meter Touch 2 active bat detector were used to record owls (Strigiformes, Aves) and bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia). With the help of control catches, as well as through analysis of the catches of amateur fishermen, the species composition of fish was established. Results and discussion. Under conditions of significant technogenic transformation of the biotopes of the tract and nearby aquatic landscapes, a relatively rich zoocenosis has formed. This zoocenosis unites synanthropic and local species of birds, reptiles, mammals, amphibians and fish. This is facilitated by the combination of a wide range of facies that provide the trophic and topical needs of animals. The territory of the tract, thanks to the rich species composition of animals and stable interspecies connections, can effectively serve as a center for the conservation of biodiversity and an educational, ecological and aesthetic mission in an urban landscape. Scientific novelty. A specific faunal complex of the park, the mouth of the town of Tyazhilivka and the adjacent part of the Sabarovskoe reservoir has been identified. It includes 104 species of animals of the genus Chordata: class Mammals (Mammalia) - 14 species, class Birds (Aves) - 66 species, class Reptiles (Reptilia) - 4 species, class Amphibians (Amphibia) - 4 species, class Orthoptera (Actinopterygii) – 16 species. Research materials are the basis for the creation of a nature conservation area and the expansion and optimization of the existing natural reserve network of the urban environment.

The helminth fauna of cattle in the Russian Federation is represented, on average, by 80 parasite species, including 10 trematode species, 13 cestode species and 57 nematode species. In Kabardino-Balkaria and Dagestan, up to 65–100% of cattle population are Strongylata and Anoplocephalata infected, up to 87% are Dicrocoelium infected, up to 40% are Fasciola infected, and up to 23% are Echinococcus infected. Continuous helminth fauna monitoring tests and studies of the epizootic patterns of helminth infections in transhumant livestock in the North Caucasus are an urgent task. Parasitological examinations were carried out on the farms of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic that practise vertical transhumance at different altitudes in 2018–2022. The animals of various ages were observed on a year-round basis. The examinations covered transhumant cattle in the subalpine and alpine-subnival subzones of the mountain zone of the Republic, 100 animals per subzone. In the subalpine subzone of the mountain zone of Kabardino-Balkaria, 25 helminth species were detected in the transhumant cattle in the summer and autumn periods, and 7–11 helminth species were detected in the winter and spring periods. The following species prevailed: Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Paramphistomum cervi, Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Nematodirus helvetianus, Nematodirus spathiger, Ostertagia ostertagi, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Ostertagiella occidentalis, Haemonchus placei. In the alpine-subnival subzone of the mountain zone of the Republic, 16 helminth species were detected in the transhumant cattle in the summer and autumn periods, and 3–7 helminth species were detected in the winter and spring periods. The following species were found to prevail in this subzone: Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Nematodirus helvetianus, Ostertagia ostertagi, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Haemonchus placei, Oesophagostomum radiatum.

The order Hymenoptera comprises an important group of insects, with ecological and economic importance, and serving as ecological indicators. Investigating the diversity and distribution of fauna is considered a prerequisite for biodiversity conservation. In this research, the hymenopteran fauna in mangrove forests on the southern coast of Iran were studied during 2021–2022. The collection was made by sweeping net and light trap. The survey revealed the presence of ten species and nine genera belonging to six families. Of which, two species, Ampulex assimilis Kohl, 1893 (Hym.: Ampulicidae) and Paridris leda Kozlov & Kononova, 1985 (Hym.: Scelionidae) are recorded for the first time for the Iranian fauna. Diagnostic characters of the new records and geographical distribution of all species are provided.

This study aimed to establish a systematic plan for an integrated inventory of insects based on long-term faunistic research of Korean islands. Preparing the plan involved the following processes: 1) examination of 6,117 species belonging to 402 families and 29 orders occurring on 541 islands, based on a survey of the status of insect species on Korean islands; 2) identification of 498 species belonging to 110 families and 14 orders, based on preliminary faunistic surveys of 10 human-inhabited islands in 2021 for efficient research of island insects; and 3) a list of species, voucher specimen, habitat information, and image data for each species, in addition to the generation of 135 Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I sequences of 70 species for DNA barcode analysis to resolve the identity of taxa that are challenging to identify morphologically. The results of this study may be used for establishing a long-term systematic plan for faunistic research and acquisition of comprehensive biological information on the insects native to Korean islands, while the results may also contribute to the establishment of criteria for the sustainable utilization of bioresources and the conservation of species.

The tachinid flies (Diptera) and their host species have been studied in the corn and sugar beet fields of Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces from 2022 to 2023. The infested plants by caterpillars were collected in order to rear the larvae at the laboratory. In this study, six species of parasitoids were identified of which Drino imberbis (Wiedemann, 1830), Linnaemya neavei Curran, 1934 and Pseudogonia rufifrons (Wiedemann, 1830) parasitize the larval stages of Leucania loreyi (Duponchel, 1827) in corn fields. The species D. imberbis is newly reported here as a parasitoid of L. loreyi in Iran. The tachinid Voria ruralis (Fallén, 1810) is the first world recorded parasitoid of larval stages of Sesamia cretica Lederer, 1857. Furthermore, Periscepsia carbonaria (Panzer, 1797) and an undetermined Tachina sp. were discovered to parasitize the larvae of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]), respectively, in sugar beet fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caddisfly larvae are aquatic insects that play a crucial role in the diverse ecological functions of river ecosystems. In this study, the authors document the caddisfly fauna in northwest Hunan from 2017 to 2022, presenting a checklist for Hunan Province. Prior to this research, only 22 caddisfly species were known in this region. Our collections revealed 73 species, including 67 new records for the province. Descriptions and illustrations of seven new species, Chimarra ventriserrata n. sp., Wormaldia shapingensis n. sp., Psychomyia longispina n. sp., Psychomyia paralonga n. sp., Oecetis unguiculata n. sp., Anisocentropus rotundatus n. sp., Agapetus aries n. sp., along with two noteworthy known species, Diplectrona cf. Kallirrhoe Malicky 2002 and Wormaldia unispina Sun, 1998 are provided. This elevates the total caddisfly fauna in Hunan Province to 89 species, surpassing the previous record fourfold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite materials collected from Arsi Mountains National Park, Ethiopia, in 2021. A list of 43 species, belonging to 29 genera and 22 families, is presented; of these, three species (Scutovertex evansi, Scheloribates rugiceps and Pilogalumna arabica) are reported for the first time in the Ethiopian fauna. One new species—Antarctozetes behanpelletierae Ermilov sp. nov. (Punctoribatidae) – is described. An identification key to the known species of Antarctozetes from the Afrotropical region is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species, Typhlodromips coniferaphilussp. nov., is described and illustrated based on females collected from various conifers in the Altai Republic and Sakhalin Island, Russia. Moreover, a complementary description of T. quaesitus (Wainstein & Beglyarov) is provided based on females and males collected from various angiosperm plants in the Sakhalin Island, Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compost fauna act by releasing various enzymes that break down organic matter into a stable, agriculturally useful products. Mesofauna are the least studied compared to micro- and macrofauna, with the existing studies relying on classical methods such as morphological identification, essentially leaving out cryptic taxa. We sought to evaluate the ecological response of the mesofauna community to different composting materials and durations. Total mesofauna community 18S rRNA was purified in triplicate from lantana-based, tithonia-based, grass-based, and mixed (lantana + tithonia + grass)-based compost heaps after 21, 42, 63, and 84 days of composting and sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. Before performing statistical data analysis, we used the Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm version 2 workflow for bioinformatic analyses. The composting duration, but not the composting materials, significantly influenced the total population and composition of the mesofauna communities. The composting materials and duration significantly affected the dispersion and uniqueness of the compost mesofauna communities. Canonical correspondence analysis of the compost's physical–chemical and biological states showed a significant influence of the materials on the mesofauna community colonization capacity. The mesofauna communities had a significant response to the composting duration. This, therefore, presents them as valuable tools for understanding the temporal evolution of compost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) from anthropogenic sources have become ubiquitous in the environment. International guidelines have been set by expert scientific bodies to protect human health from excessive exposure. There are no specifically established exposure guidelines to protect plants and animals. A previous systematic map identified 334 studies investigating the effects of RF EMF exposure from anthropogenic sources on animals and plants. This study aimed to analyse the effect of RF EMF and its relationship to different exposure parameters and the quality of those studies. Statistically significant inverse relationships were found between effect size and exposure-level parameters for studies investigating effects in animals. The results indicated that quality score is more indicative of the magnitude of the effect size than exposure-level parameters or exposure duration. This highlights the need for further, high-quality research on the effects of RF EMF exposure on plants and animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected from five locations in Eastern Guatemala. A list of 98 species, belonging to 68 genera and 43 families, is presented; 70 species are recorded for the first time in Guatemalan fauna. A new species of genus Pergalumna, P. paraobsidiana sp. nov. is described from rainforest litter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite materials collected from the Gambela region, Ethiopia. A list of 41 species, belonging to 30 genera and 20 families, is presented. One new species Scheloribates (Scheloribates) aboboensis Ermilov sp. nov. (Scheloribatidae) is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aeolothrips kishensis sp. n. is described. Thrips diversity in Iran is briefly discussed and a list of 47 species and nine genera described and recorded during 2018 to 2024 is prepared. Diagnostic characters and illustrations for the new species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide additional data on the orb-weaver spider fauna (Araneae: Araneidae) of Kosovo. Three species are reported for the first time from this country: Araneus grossus (C.L. Koch, 1844), Argiope lobata (Pallas, 1772) and Cyclosa oculata (Walckenaer, 1802). In consideration of the findings and the updated checklist of Araneidae in this study, the documented number of spider species in Kosovo has now increased to 251. Given that the spider fauna of Kosovo is still not fully explored, our study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing exploration to better comprehend the diversity of spider species within the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Species of the subfamily Diplazontinae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) were studied in West Azarbaijan province (Northwest of Iran). The specimens were collected using Malaise traps, during 2019-2020. Five species belonging to three genera were collected and identified. One species, Homotropus riedeli Johansson, 2020 was a new record for Iran as well as Asia. The distribution range of this species extends from Sweden to the north-west of Iran. A checklist is being compiled for 27 known Iranian species of this subfamily. In addition, a distribution map based on the recorded areas for each species within the Iranian provinces has been provided. We proposed a new direction for future biodiversity inventories of this subfamily in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aphids constitute a significant cohort of herbivorous insects, primarily nourishing themselves by extracting plant sap, sometimes posing a notable threat to plant health. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation into the aphid fauna associated with Carthamus in Iran, unveiling 18 species across 11 genera within the Aphididae. Furthermore, 31 associations between aphid species and host plants were recognized, of which two are new for Iran. Our study expands upon prior knowledge by documenting three new occurrences, shedding light on previously unrecorded aphid species in Isfahan and Razavi Khorasan provinces. In addition, we describe the previously unknown male of Uroleucon carthami, offering insights into its life cycle and reproductive strategies. An identification key to the apterous viviparous female aphids living on Carthamus in Iran is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleontology is an important and integral branch of geology and is an important scientific discipline that helps to better understand the history of life on Earth. The popularization of paleontology is currently based on fossil finds. The purpose of this work was to identify potential locations for paleontological tourism in Western Kazakhstan. The materials were studied using the experience and techniques used in classical paleontology. The article discusses the possibility of developing paleontological tourism in Western Kazakhstan. A description of the main locations of natural locations of fossils of invertebrate and vertebrate organisms is given, such as the village of Pogodaevo, the Aktolagai Cretaceous Plateau, Akkegershin, the Kara Bala-Kan Temir necropolis, the Koi-Kara, Iman-Kara mountains, the Sululy Kapy gorge, the tracts of the Mangistau region, and places are given storage of fossils, inspection and study of paleontological finds. A model of paleontological tourism is proposed. The role of paleotourism among the population has been determined by conducting sociological research. In general, Western Kazakhstan has the prospect of developing paleontological tourism of an excursion and educational nature. For this purpose, the region has a large number of resources and various local history and environmental museums containing paleontological materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present two significant records of mosses in Slovenia: Bryum canariense and Fissidens fontanus, and the first record of an animal species, Porcellio obsoletus, from the Slovene Coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semiarid Patagonia represents 25% of the rangeland area in Argentina, and sheep overgrazing has degraded about a third of it in the past. In this century, depleted domestic stocks have mostly stabilized, but Guanaco populations have grown. These native camelids share habitat and diets with sheep, but their effect on vegetation is poorly understood and has long been debated. We set up an exclusion experiment in Monte León and Cañadón Vaca, a semiarid shrubland grassland in southern Patagonia, currently grazed only by guanacos. Vegetation baselines were studied in 2016 in twelve plots, and half of them were protected from guanaco grazing. Thirty-six plots were cleared to study revegetation. Vegetation was reassessed in 2021, and changes were evaluated using a paired t -test. Within protected plots, vegetation cover increased, bare soil diminished, and vegetated patches grew in size, but the density of the patch-interpatch arrangement did not change. Biodiversity, measured by richness and the Shannon-Wiener (SW) index, grew significantly. Nutrient recycling increased, as did the Stability and Infiltration Land Function indexes, although these last differences were not significant. Vegetation cover under guanaco grazing also increased, mainly due to the growth of dwarf shrubs, a typical tendency in sheep grazing-induced transitions in the region. Vegetated patches under grazing fragmented, resulting in smaller patches and denser patch structures, while diversity and land function indexes remained unchanged. Young plants established in cleared plots without guanacos showed higher cover density and individual size. These effects are similar to those observed in numerous experimental sheep exclosures. Guanaco grazing may thus prevent restoration and contribute to the generalized land degradation processes that overgrazing has been causing in Patagonia for over a century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scorpion stings are the major public health problem related to arthropods in tropical and subtropical areas of Iran. The study aimed to determine the species diversity and geographical distribution of scorpions in southern regions of Kerman province, Iran. The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2019 to November 2021 in the south of Kerman province. The specimens were collected by rock rolling method using long forceps during the day and UV light during the night. The specimens were put in containers containing 80% ethanol, transported to the laboratory, identified using valid taxonomic keys, and studied their sexes. A total of 126 scorpions were collected from 2 families, 7 genera, and 10 species including Hemiscorpius acanthocercus (2.2%), H. enischnochela (0.4%), Androctonus crassicauda (56.1%), Mesobuthus kirmanensis (29%), Odontobuthus baluchicus (3.5%), Hottentotta navidpouri (2.2%), Ho. sistanensis (2.2%), Orthochirus hormozganensis (1.3%), O. kucerai (0.9%) and Sassanidotus gracilis (1.3%). Mesobuthus kirmanensis were reported as dominant species. H. navidpouri, H. sistanensis, O. baluchicus, and O. hormozganensis are reported for the first time from Kerman province. Androctonus crassicauda, H. acanthocercus and H. enischnochela are known as dangerous species and could enhance the potential risk of scorpion stings deaths, especially in children. The fauna and geographical distribution of scorpions in the southeast of Iran showed the presence of suitable habitats for scorpions and can be a warning to the health care system. Identification of dangerous species and their range of distribution can be comprehensive and valuable guides to reducing the exposure of scorpions in high-risk areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ant species diversity in tropical Asia has been investigated in several locations, however, these studies mainly focused on well preserved forests or plantations. The ant fauna in urban parks has only been investigated in a limited number of locations in Singapore, Hong Kong, Macao, and Indonesia. We investigated the ant fauna in the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, East Java, and compared it to the ant fauna obtained in the Bogor Botanical Gardens. In the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, we employed the following sampling methods that were also carried out in Bogor: (1) visual searching of ants on tree trunks, (2) visual searching of litter and top-soil ants by hand sifting (3) visual searching of ant colonies, (4) visual searching of foraging workers. In total, 109 species in 44 genera from 9 subfamilies were collected. The number of species collected from litter and soil in Purwodadi was remarkably smaller than that in Bogor, while the ant species diversity on tree trunks was similar to that of Bogor. Of the 109 species, 68 were common to Bogor. Arboreal ants were more similar than ground ants between Bogor and Purwodadi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study represents the first investigation of the seasonal dynamics and species diversity of Drosophilidae in Moscow, Russia, from 2021 to 2023. Traps were placed on the ground under trees to collect the specimens. Among the collected species, Drosophila obscura Fll., D. phalerata Mg., and D. testacea Roser were the most abundant. Peaks in the abundance of drosophilids varied between years, but the lowest abundance was always observed in May. In 2022, the highest number of flies was collected (9604 specimens), and the highest species diversity (33 species) was recorded. The effects of temperature and precipitation on the species abundance and community diversity indices are evident during the preimaginal developmental stages of drosophila. The insect fauna of natural parks in large cities has not been sufficiently studied in Russia. This study represents the first investigation of the seasonal dynamics and species diversity of Drosophilidae in Moscow city. Traps with fermenting liquid were placed on the ground under trees to collect flies from four natural park sites between early May and late September from 2021 to 2023. A total of 26,420 individuals belonging to 11 genera and 33 drosophilid species were identified, with 21 species from 6 genera being new to the fauna of Moscow. Drosophila obscura Fll., D. phalerata Mg., and D. testacea Roser were the most abundant species in the traps. Peaks in the abundance of drosophilids varied between years, but the lowest abundance was always observed in May. In 2022, the highest number of flies was collected (9604 specimens), with slightly fewer in 2023 (8496 specimens), and even fewer in 2021 (8320 specimens). In 2022, the highest species diversity of drosophilids was also recorded—33 species—while 28 species were found in both 2021 and 2023. The high variability in the abundance of individual drosophila species obscures the differences between the studied years due to the effects of the "Month" and "Site" factors. The diversity metrics exhibit similar patterns among drosophila communities inhabiting comparable biotopes. Specific climatic factors, such as the temperature and precipitation, impact the species abundance and community diversity indices primarily through their effects on the preimaginal stages of drosophila development. For several species, the population dynamics in the spring, post-hibernation, are influenced by the conditions preceding winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected from three localities in Madagascar. A list of 26 species, belonging to 18 genera and 14 families, is presented; of these, six species are reported for the first time from Madagascar. Two new species – Zetorchestes saltipessp. nov. (Zetorchestidae) and Scheloribates (Scheloribates) erectisensillussp. nov. (Scheloribatidae) – are described from forest leaf litter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]