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Media profiling offers valuable insights to enhance the objectivity and reliability of news coverage by providing comprehensive analysis, but the diversity in languages posed significant challenges to our identification of factuality and political bias of non-English sources. The limitation of existing media analysis research is its concentration on a singular high-resource language, and it hardly extends to languages beyond English. To address this, we introduce xMP, a dataset for zero-shot cross-lingual media profiling tasks. xMP's cross-lingual test set encompasses 34 non-English languages and 18 language families, extending media profiling beyond English resources and allowing us to assess cross-lingual media profiling model performance. Additionally, we propose a method, named R-KAT, to enhance the model's zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning capability by building virtual multilingual embedding. Our experiments illustrate that our method improves the transferability of models in cross-lingual media profiling tasks. Additionally, we further discuss the performance of our method for different target languages. Our dataset and code are publicly available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

News media profiling is helpful in preventing the spread of fake news at the source and maintaining a good media and news ecosystem. Most previous works only extract features and evaluate media from one dimension independently, ignoring the interconnections between different aspects. This paper proposes a novel news media bias and factuality profiling framework assisted by correlated features. This framework models the relationship and interaction between media bias and factuality, utilizing this relationship to assist in the prediction of profiling results. Our approach extracts features independently while aligning and fusing them through recursive convolution and attention mechanisms, thus harnessing multi-scale interactive information across different dimensions and levels. This method improves the effectiveness of news media evaluation. Experimental results indicate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms existing methods, achieving the best performance in Accuracy and F 1score, improving by at least 1% compared to other methods. This paper further analyzes and discusses based on the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work identifies differences in the success factors of influencers given consumers’ consumption goals (hedonic vs. utilitarian). Although practitioners have complained about the lack of know-how regarding this issue, research on the topic remains scarce. Hypotheses on the differing relevance of the demographic similarity of influencers and consumers and of the factuality of influencers’ communication are verified through an empirical investigation. The scenario is consumers’ selection of a hotel for (1) a holiday (hedonic consumption goal) or (2) a professional/university seminar (utilitarian consumption goal). The results are analyzed by structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. We generate some surprising results. Counterintuitively, demographic similarity is more important under utilitarian than hedonic conditions. Factuality seems equally important in both conditions. Explanations and implications of these findings are provided.

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Media profiling offers valuable insights to enhance the objectivity and reliability of news coverage by providing comprehensive analysis, but the diversity in languages posed significant challenges to our identification of factuality and political bias of non-English sources. The limitation of existing media analysis research is its concentration on a singular high-resource language, and it hardly extends to languages beyond English. To address this, we introduce xMP, a dataset for zero-shot cross-lingual media profiling tasks. xMP’s cross-lingual test set encompasses 34 non-English languages and 18 language families, extending media profiling beyond English resources and allowing us to assess cross-lingual media profiling model performance. Additionally, we propose a method, named R-KAT, to enhance the model’s zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning capability by building virtual multilingual embedding. Our experiments illustrate that our method improves the transferability of models in cross-lingual media profiling tasks. Additionally, we further discuss the performance of our method for different target languages. Our dataset and code are publicly available.

This study offers a new perspective on documentary drama in the television, cable and streaming eras by mapping the trajectory of US media industry discourse about docudrama from the early twentieth century to the present. It uses aggregate data from eight entertainment trade journals to show that docudrama emerged in broadcasting and film in the 1930s and has played a significant role in US media culture ever since. It analyzes trade journal commentary and radio broadcasting practices to demonstrate that the two key components of docudrama—dramatization and a discourse of factuality—developed in the network radio era. The key radio innovation was dramatization, which required producers to re-create actual events, conform to generic expectations, and promote a particular ideological perspective on social events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the epistolary interaction with readers, John Dunton's Athenian Mercury (1691–97) provided a platform for the discussion and dissemination of knowledge drawn from diverse fields. Plagued by doubts about its reliability, the periodical constantly had to (re‐)assert its credibility. One of the strategies the Mercury employed was to emphasize the physicality of objects via text, practising a performance of materiality. Taking the letter‐as‐object as its starting point, this article argues that materiality played a crucial role in not only the representation but also the active production of truthfulness. Examining how Dunton's periodical leveraged notions of the coffeehouse as an exhibition space, this article explores how the Mercury drew on musealization strategies to represent material objects to underline their existence and its own credibility. Interpellating readers as virtuosi, the Athenian Society staged the coffeehouse and even itself as a walk‐in curiosity cabinet, turning letters into matter and fiction into fact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Argumenta Philosophica is the property of Herder Editorial S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The widespread popularity of digital technology has enabled the rapid dissemination of news. However, it has also led to the emergence of "fake news" and the development of a media ecosystem with serious prejudices. If early warnings about the source of fake news are received, this provides better outcomes in preventing its spread. Therefore, the issue of understanding and evaluating the credibility of media has received increasing attention. This work proposes a model of evaluating news media credibility called MiBeMC, which mimics the structure of human verification behavior in networks. Specifically, we first construct an intramodule information feature extractor to simulate the semantic analysis behavior of human information reading. Then, we design a similarity module to mimic the process of obtaining additional information. We also construct an aggregation module. This simulates human verification of correlated content. Finally, we apply regularized adversarial training strategy to train the MiBeMC model. The ablation study results demonstrate the effectiveness of MiBeMC. For the CLEF-task4 development and test dataset, the performance of the MiBeMC over state-of-the-art baseline methods is evaluated and found to be superior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Germanica Gedanensia is the property of University of Gdansk / Uniwersytet Gdanskim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Signos is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract. This article was written to answer a question: what are the similarities and differences, as well as continuity and discontinuity, on the concept of biblical inerrancy according to modern Evangelical thoughts represented by the International Council of Biblical Inerrancy (ICBI) which formulated the Chicago Statements of Biblical Inerrancy (CSBI) and its supplementary documents compared to the views of pre-modern Christian thoughts or the Church Fathers. This comparison was made to seek the construction of a (more) proportionate articulation on the doctrine of biblical inerrancy. In fact, the differences between both of them are not essentially related to the terminology problem, but rather show different metaphysical, epistemological, hermeneutical preconpositions, and different justification criteria for the validity of the Scripture. The Church Fathers emphasized Scripture as a spiritual and supernatural text so there was no need to always prove its validity historically and factually, while modern Evangelicals that emphasized the harmony of God's revelation with human knowledge emphasized the dimension of accuracy and historicality as the basis for their concepts on biblical inerrancy. Abstrak. Artikel ini ditulis untuk menjawab sebuah pertanyaan: apakah persamaan dan perbedaan, serta kontinuitas dan diskontinuitas, dari konsep tentang ineransi Kitab Suci menurut kelompok Injili modern yang direpresentasikan oleh International Council of Biblical Inerrancy (ICBI), yang merumuskan Chicago Statements of Biblical Inerrancy (CSBI) dan dokumen-dokumen pelengkapnya, dengan menurut pandangan kelompok Kristen pra-modern atau Bapa-bapa Gereja. Komparasi ini dilakukan untuk mencari konstruksi doktrin ineransi yang (lebih) proporsional bagi kalangan Injili masa kini. Pada dasarnya, perbedaan di antara kedua kelompok tersebut bukan berkaitan dengan problem terminologis, tetapi lebih menunjukkan perbedaan metafisika, epistemologi, prasuposisi hermeneutika, dan kriteria justifikasi yang berbeda terhadap kesahihan Kitab Suci. Bapa-bapa Gereja lebih menekankan natur Kitab Suci sebagai teks spiritual dan supranatural sehingga tidak perlu selalu membuktikan kesahihannya secara historis-faktual, sementara kelompok Injili modern yang menekankan keselarasan wahyu Allah dengan pengetahuan manusia lebih menekankan dimensi akurasi dan historisitas teks sebagai basis ineransi.

In Yurakaré (isolate, Bolivia) conversations, content questions containing question words based on the pro-form ama 'who, which' are frequently recruited for functions other than seeking information, among them the expression of strong assertions with reversed polarity. Assertive uses of content questions with the question word amaja 'who, which (topic)' present the information contained in the utterance as an indisputable fact rather than a subjective claim by the speaker. They are often employed in interaction to provide a justification for a potentially disputable claim, action, or stance. By connecting two utterances in this way, assertive questions with amaja contribute to textual connectivity in conversation. • Content questions with question words based on ama 'who, which' in Yurakaré can convey reversed polarity strong assertions. • Assertive uses of content questions are pervasive in the corpus, while information-seeking uses are comparatively rare. • Assertive questions with amaja 'who, which (topic)' portray the information in the utterance as an indisputable fact. • A crucial function of assertive questions with amaja is to give a justification for a disputable claim, action, or stance. • Through their justification function, assertive questions with amaja contribute to textual connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread popularity of digital technology has enabled the rapid dissemination of news. However, it has also led to the emergence of “fake news” and the development of a media ecosystem with serious prejudices. If early warnings about the source of fake news are received, this provides better outcomes in preventing its spread. Therefore, the issue of understanding and evaluating the credibility of media has received increasing attention. This work proposes a model of evaluating news media credibility called MiBeMC, which mimics the structure of human verification behavior in networks. Specifically, we first construct an intramodule information feature extractor to simulate the semantic analysis behavior of human information reading. Then, we design a similarity module to mimic the process of obtaining additional information. We also construct an aggregation module. This simulates human verification of correlated content. Finally, we apply regularized adversarial training strategy to train the MiBeMC model. The ablation study results demonstrate the effectiveness of MiBeMC. For the CLEF-task4 development and test dataset, the performance of the MiBeMC over state-of-the-art baseline methods is evaluated and found to be superior.

True crime narratives come in various medial forms. They all share the same subject crime - especially murder - but differ with respect to their self-understanding and the medial presentrulebook they rely on. While seemingly non-fictional, they oscillate between various selfattributions - journalistic or belletristic, truth-driven or mainly entertaining - or an amalgam reof these features, which is defined by the troubled relationship of fact and fiction. It is the challenging interplay of contexts which makes distinctrue crime narratives a highly interesting field charof investigation for transmedial working narratologists. This paper discusses the genre and its distinctive attributes by debating its status between factual-informing and fictional-enter-Estaining narrations, and taking its storytelling methods into focus, where true crime's troubled relationship of fact and fiction primarily evokes questions of (un-)reliability and trust-worthiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Metafísica y Persona. Revista Sobre Filosofía, Conocimiento y Vida is the property of Universidad Popular Autonoma del Estado de Puebla A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article deploys a rhetorical approach to fictionality and factuality to analyze how Julian Barnes builds the portraits of real individuals through these modes in The noise of time and The man in the red coat. Conceptualizing fictionality and factuality as rhetorical resources allows us to understand Barnes's writing as a separate form. His works foreground the limits and conventions of generic fiction, and he deliberately employs these resources as communicational strategies, subverting readers' expectations to both biographical and novelistic ends. Barnes uses the biographical mode as a resource for interpretive, affective, ethical, and aesthetic effects in fictional writing, taking his work beyond the novel proper. He also demonstrates the power of fictionality in nonfiction, which can be wielded as an effective tool for coming to terms with the uncertainties and difficulties of biography. In this sense, the novelistic narrative, and biographical craft on display in The noise of time and The man in the red coat enable Barnes to achieve the effect of truth-telling, which, in turn, strengthens generic assumptions about both fiction and fact in the story. Ultimately, his works blur the boundary between imagination and facts, and demand evaluation that takes into consideration the characteristics of both genres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For all its theoretical prominence, medium remains an elusive concept, because it is not an analytic category created by theoreticians to serve a specific purpose, but a word of natural language, and like most of the words of language it has multiple senses. One way to address the issue of media is through their relations to other concepts. In this article I focus on genres, facts and truth as bearers of particularly important relations to media for both epistemological and narratological reasons. In contrast to models that regard genres as members of a system distinguished from each other through homogeneous criteria, I conceive individual genres as elements of an unstructured, expandable, heterogeneous and ever-changing list. In this approach, genres are defined positively—by their semantic content, their formal rules, or their pragmatic function—and new genres develop when new needs arise for communication. Media can be defined as distinct modes of communication, while genres are distinct forms of expression within media. But this distinction does not offer a fool-proof criterion of distinction, and it is often difficult to distinguish media from genres, especially in digital textuality. Truth, or more precisely the ability to claim truth, is not a property common to all members of a certain medium, but rather one that creates distinctions within media, as well as between them. Language-based media, film, photography and audio recording have the greatest power to claim truth: language-based ones, because they can articulate propositions; recordings, because they are based on mechanical capture of auditive or visual data that exist in the world. But most media can be used to tell either factual or fictional stories (with some exceptions discussed in the paper). This variability does not occur on the level of genre: all texts of the same genre share the same status with respect to truth and fictionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we propose some arguments in favor of the terminological differentiation between agents in fictional settings (characters) and those in factual settings (people, actors, etc.), and nevertheless we suggest the applicability of the tools of narratology to factual journalistic texts. Then, we propose an analytical-descriptive model -conceived only as provisional- which, although it resorts to traditional tools of narratology "in the strict sense" (that is, the one that deals exclusively with fictional texts), tries to do justice to the aforementioned categorical difference between fictional and factual texts insofar as it is accompanied, in the presentation, by a series of mediations that allow the extrapolation from one setting to the other. This model will be explained on the basis of the analysis of a fragment of a recently published journalistic chronicle, referring to the death of the Argentine soccer player Diego Maradona. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]