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The world is entering a new era of accelerated elimination of cervical cancer, while the age-standardized incidence, and mortality of cervical cancer in China are rising rapidly. This article summarizes and describes the current situation and trends of the burden of cervical cancer in China, reviews and analyzes the comprehensive prevention practice of cervical cancer, focusing on critical reasons for the increasing burden of cervical cancer, from the perspectives of sociology, behavior, and epidemiology in the population. Countermeasures are proposed to provide guidance and theoretical reference for the precise prevention of cervical cancer to eliminate cervical cancer.全球正协力迈入加速消除宫颈癌的新时代，而我国女性宫颈癌的年龄标化发病率和死亡率在快速上升。本文对我国宫颈癌疾病负担现状及趋势进行总结，并对宫颈癌防治实践工作进行回顾分析，从人口社会学、行为学及流行病学角度着重剖析我国宫颈癌疾病负担不断上升的关键原因，并提出应对策略和措施，旨在为我国宫颈癌精准防控提供方向指引和理论参考，从而达到消除宫颈癌的目的。.