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Abstract Grape seed extract from (Vitis vinifera) (VGSE) is an excellent source of various polyphenols that exhibit highly potent antioxidant and disease prevention properties. Although numerous biological activities, with potential for improving human health, have been reported for VGSE, there is a lack of data relating to the health benefits of VGSE on DNA damage, protein damage, labile iron activity, and enzyme inhibitory effects. This investigation demonstrated, for the first time, that VGSE inhibits DNA and BSA damage and labile iron activity in-vitro. Moreover, VGSE also inhibited in-vitro activities of AChE, tyrosinase, and α-amylase. VGSE treatment significantly reduced viability of MCF-7, Hep-G2, Caco-2, and Huh-7 cells after 48-h treatments. The results obtained provide additional support for the purported health benefits of VGSE and reinforce its potential in disease prevention and therapy, especially in relation to cancer.

Yeast feed additives present a natural approach for mitigating ruminal greenhouse gases (GHG) in an environmentally sustainable manner. This study aimed to isolate yeast strains from ruminal fluids capable of reducing GHG from Aflatoxin (AFB1) contaminated diets. Two isolates of Pichia manchuria (FFNLYFC1 and FFNLYFC2) were isolated and identified from the ruminal contents of dairy Zaraibi goats. An in vitro gas production assay was conducted to evaluate the impact of the yeast supplementations on a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 or not. The treatments were control (-AFB1; basal diet without supplements), control with AFB1 contamination (+ AFB1; basal diet containing 20 ppb AFB1), and yeast-supplemented diets (basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and three treatments of P. manchuria [FFNLYFC1, FFNLYFC2, and their mixture at 1:1 ratio (Mix)]. High biological components were detected in abundance of both FFNLYFC1, FFNLYFC2 filtrates (e.g., diisooctyl phthalate). The Mix and FFNLYFC2 of P. manchuria reduced (P < 0.05) methane by 23.5 and 20.8%, respectively, while only Mix inhibited carbon dioxide by 44% compared to the + AFB1 diet. All yeast diets improved (P < 0.05) ammonia concentration, total protozoal and Entodinium spp. counts compared to + AFB1 diet. The Mix exhibited higher (P < 0.05) values of ruminal degraded cellulose, total short-chain fatty acids, acetate and propionate compared to the individual isolates diets. The results suggest synergistic interactions among P. manshurica isolates, leading to enhanced ruminal fermentation and reduced GHG emissions while alleviating the adverse effects of AFB1. Therefore, we recommended the Mix of P. Manchuria as a novel feed additive to ruminant diets., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of yoghurt supplementation with rice and wheat brans or dietary fibers on serum lipid profile, liver, and heart functionalities, and hepatopathological aspects of the liver of hypercholesterolemic rats. 48 male rats were divided into 8 groups. Group 1 was kept as negative control and fed with a standard diet, and groups 2 to 6 were fed a hypercholesterolemia-induced diet supplemented with brans or dietary fibers of both grains. G2 received yoghurt without supplementation. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. Results revealed that hypercholesterolemic rats administrated yoghurt supplemented with brans or dietary fibers reduced serum glucose from 113.9 ± 2.72 to 85.5 ± 4.94 in the serum of animals that received dietary fibers of rice and wheat, respectively. In addition, lipids profile and liver antioxidant status were improved. In addition, liver and heart functionalities and liver histopathological architecture were all improved depending on the type of administrated brans or fibers added to yoghurt. The inclusion of 0.5% of rice or wheat brans could be recommended to be added to yoghurt. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Yoghurt is the most famous fermented milk in the world. Supplementation of yoghurt with rice and wheat brans or dietary fibers increased its nutritional value. We proved that this new product contributes to reducing serum glucose, improving lipids profile, and enhancing liver and heart functions in hypercholesterolemic rats. This study confirmed the suitability to add a thesis type of brans or dietary fibers as bioactive ingredients to yoghurt and increased the varieties of functional foods., (© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)