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33 results on '"Drummond, Jennifer"'

1. The natural history of cystic fibrosis liver disease a prospective cohort study

Author

Amjad, Altaf, AnneMarie, Broderick, Brian, Casserly, Des, Cox, Animitra, Das, Basil, Elnazir, Rita, Fitzgerald, Emer, Fitzpatrick, Gallagher, Charles, Peter, Greally, Cedric, Gunaratnam, Fiona, Healy, Rosin, Hayes, Mary, Herzig, Shiela, Javadapour, Gerardine, Leen, Barry, Linnane, Michael, Mahony, Gerry, McElvaney, Edward, McKone, Paul, McNally, Dave, Mullane, Muireann, Ni Chroinin, Risteard, O'Liada, Michael, O'Mahony, Michael, O'Neill, Barry, Plant, Shona, Quinn, Ao, Sasame, Cathy, Short, Dubhfeasa, Slattery, Michael, Williamson, Rohininath, Tummaluru, Rowland, Marion, Drummond, Jennifer, Connolly, Lucy, Daly, Erika, McCormick, P. Aiden, and Bourke, Billy

Published
2023
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6. The natural history of cystic fibrosis liver disease a prospective cohort study

Author

Rowland, Marion, primary, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Connolly, Lucy, additional, Daly, Erika, additional, McCormick, P. Aiden, additional, Bourke, Billy, additional, Amjad, Altaf, additional, AnneMarie, Broderick, additional, Brian, Casserly, additional, Des, Cox, additional, Animitra, Das, additional, Basil, Elnazir, additional, Rita, Fitzgerald, additional, Emer, Fitzpatrick, additional, Gallagher, Charles, additional, Peter, Greally, additional, Cedric, Gunaratnam, additional, Fiona, Healy, additional, Rosin, Hayes, additional, Mary, Herzig, additional, Shiela, Javadapour, additional, Gerardine, Leen, additional, Barry, Linnane, additional, Michael, Mahony, additional, Gerry, McElvaney, additional, Edward, McKone, additional, Paul, McNally, additional, Dave, Mullane, additional, Muireann, Ni Chroinin, additional, Risteard, O'Liada, additional, Michael, O'Mahony, additional, Michael, O'Neill, additional, Barry, Plant, additional, Shona, Quinn, additional, Ao, Sasame, additional, Cathy, Short, additional, Dubhfeasa, Slattery, additional, Michael, Williamson, additional, and Rohininath, Tummaluru, additional

Published
2023
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8. Data from Integrative Genomic Characterization of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies Frequent Somatic Drivers

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhang, Jiexin, primary, Yoo, Suk Young, primary, Bengtsson, Linnea, primary, Moorthy, Shhyam, primary, Neskey, David M., primary, Zhao, Mei, primary, Ortega Alves, Marcus V., primary, Chang, Kyle, primary, Drummond, Jennifer, primary, Cortez, Elsa, primary, Xie, Tong-xin, primary, Zhang, Di, primary, Chung, Woonbok, primary, Issa, Jean-Pierre J., primary, Zweidler-McKay, Patrick A., primary, Wu, Xifeng, primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Weinstein, John N., primary, Wang, Jing, primary, Muzny, Donna M., primary, Gibbs, Richard A., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, Myers, Jeffrey N., primary, and Frederick, Mitchell J., primary

Published
2023
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9. Supplementary Text from Integrative Genomic Characterization of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies Frequent Somatic Drivers

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhang, Jiexin, primary, Yoo, Suk Young, primary, Bengtsson, Linnea, primary, Moorthy, Shhyam, primary, Neskey, David M., primary, Zhao, Mei, primary, Ortega Alves, Marcus V., primary, Chang, Kyle, primary, Drummond, Jennifer, primary, Cortez, Elsa, primary, Xie, Tong-xin, primary, Zhang, Di, primary, Chung, Woonbok, primary, Issa, Jean-Pierre J., primary, Zweidler-McKay, Patrick A., primary, Wu, Xifeng, primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Weinstein, John N., primary, Wang, Jing, primary, Muzny, Donna M., primary, Gibbs, Richard A., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, Myers, Jeffrey N., primary, and Frederick, Mitchell J., primary

Published
2023
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10. Supplemental Tables S1-S4 and S6-S13 from Mutational Landscape of Aggressive Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhou, Jane H., primary, Lee, J. Jack, primary, Drummond, Jennifer A., primary, Peng, S. Andrew, primary, Saade, Rami E., primary, Tsai, Kenneth Y., primary, Curry, Jonathan L., primary, Tetzlaff, Michael T., primary, Lai, Stephen Y., primary, Yu, Jun, primary, Muzny, Donna M., primary, Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan, primary, Shinbrot, Eve, primary, Covington, Kyle R., primary, Zhang, Jianhua, primary, Seth, Sahil, primary, Caulin, Carlos, primary, Clayman, Gary L., primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Gibbs, Richard A., primary, Weber, Randal S., primary, Myers, Jeffrey N., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, and Frederick, Mitchell J., primary

Published
2023
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11. Data from Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue in Young Non-Smokers Is Genomically Similar to Tumors in Older Smokers

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhang, Jiexin, primary, Neskey, David M., primary, Zhao, Mei, primary, Jasser, Samar A., primary, Wang, Jiping, primary, Ward, Alexandra, primary, Tsai, C. Jillian, primary, Ortega Alves, Marcus V., primary, Zhou, Jane H., primary, Drummond, Jennifer, primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Gibbs, Richard, primary, Weinstein, John N., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, Wang, Jing, primary, Frederick, Mitchell J., primary, and Myers, Jeffrey N., primary

Published
2023
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12. Supplemental Table S5 from Mutational Landscape of Aggressive Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhou, Jane H., primary, Lee, J. Jack, primary, Drummond, Jennifer A., primary, Peng, S. Andrew, primary, Saade, Rami E., primary, Tsai, Kenneth Y., primary, Curry, Jonathan L., primary, Tetzlaff, Michael T., primary, Lai, Stephen Y., primary, Yu, Jun, primary, Muzny, Donna M., primary, Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan, primary, Shinbrot, Eve, primary, Covington, Kyle R., primary, Zhang, Jianhua, primary, Seth, Sahil, primary, Caulin, Carlos, primary, Clayman, Gary L., primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Gibbs, Richard A., primary, Weber, Randal S., primary, Myers, Jeffrey N., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, and Frederick, Mitchell J., primary

Published
2023
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13. Supplemental Figures and Methods from Mutational Landscape of Aggressive Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Author

Pickering, Curtis R., primary, Zhou, Jane H., primary, Lee, J. Jack, primary, Drummond, Jennifer A., primary, Peng, S. Andrew, primary, Saade, Rami E., primary, Tsai, Kenneth Y., primary, Curry, Jonathan L., primary, Tetzlaff, Michael T., primary, Lai, Stephen Y., primary, Yu, Jun, primary, Muzny, Donna M., primary, Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan, primary, Shinbrot, Eve, primary, Covington, Kyle R., primary, Zhang, Jianhua, primary, Seth, Sahil, primary, Caulin, Carlos, primary, Clayman, Gary L., primary, El-Naggar, Adel K., primary, Gibbs, Richard A., primary, Weber, Randal S., primary, Myers, Jeffrey N., primary, Wheeler, David A., primary, and Frederick, Mitchell J., primary

Published
2023
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14. Strengthening health system’s capacity for linkage to HIV care for adolescent girls and young women and adolescent boys and young men in South Africa (SheS’Cap-Linkage): Protocol for a mixed methods study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author

Nicol, Edward, primary, Basera, Wisdom, additional, Lombard, Carl, additional, Jonas, Kim, additional, Ramraj, Trisha, additional, Govindasamy, Darshini, additional, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni, additional, McClinton-Appollis, Tracy, additional, Mehlomakulu, Vuyelwa, additional, Naqvi, Nuha, additional, Bedford, Jason, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Cheyip, Mireille, additional, Dladla, Sibongile, additional, Pass, Desiree, additional, Funani, Noluntu, additional, and Mathews, Cathy, additional

Published
2023
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16. Strengthening Health System’s Capacity for Linkage to HIV Care for adolescent girls and young women and adolescent boys and young men in South Africa (SheS’Cap-Linkage): Protocol for a mixed methods study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author

Nicol, Edward, primary, Basera, Wisdom, additional, Lombard, Carl, additional, Jonas, Kim, additional, Ramraj, Trisha, additional, Govindasamy, Darshini, additional, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni, additional, McClinton-Appollis, Tracy, additional, Mehlomakulu, Vuyelwa, additional, Naqvi, Nuha, additional, Bedford, Jason, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Cheyip, Mireille, additional, Dladla, Sibongile, additional, Pass, Desiree, additional, Funani, Noluntu, additional, and Mathews, Cathy, additional

Published
2022
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18. Is the Hyporheic Zone Relevant beyond the Scientific Community?

Author

Lewandowski, Jörg, Arnon, Shai, Banks, Eddie, Batelaan, Okke, Betterle, Andrea, Broecker, Tabea, Coll, Claudia, Drummond, Jennifer, Gaona Garcia, Jaime, Galloway, Jason, Gomez-Velez, Jesus, Grabowski, Robert, Herzog, Skuyler, Hinkelmann, Reinhard, Höhne, Anja, Hollender, Juliane, Horn, Marcus, Jaeger, Anna, Krause, Stefan, Löchner Prats, Adrian, Magliozzi, Chiara, Meinikmann, Karin, Mojarrad, Brian, Mueller, Birgit, Peralta-Maraver, Ignacio, Popp, Andrea, Posselt, Malte, Putschew, Anke, Radke, Michael, Raza, Muhammad, Riml, Joakim, Robertson, Anne, Rutere, Cyrus, Schaper, Jonas, Schirmer, Mario, Schulz, Hanna, Shanafield, Margaret, Singh, Tanu, Ward, Adam, Wolke, Philipp, Wörman, Anders, Wu, Liwen, Lewandowski, Jörg, Arnon, Shai, Banks, Eddie, Batelaan, Okke, Betterle, Andrea, Broecker, Tabea, Coll, Claudia, Drummond, Jennifer, Gaona Garcia, Jaime, Galloway, Jason, Gomez-Velez, Jesus, Grabowski, Robert, Herzog, Skuyler, Hinkelmann, Reinhard, Höhne, Anja, Hollender, Juliane, Horn, Marcus, Jaeger, Anna, Krause, Stefan, Löchner Prats, Adrian, Magliozzi, Chiara, Meinikmann, Karin, Mojarrad, Brian, Mueller, Birgit, Peralta-Maraver, Ignacio, Popp, Andrea, Posselt, Malte, Putschew, Anke, Radke, Michael, Raza, Muhammad, Riml, Joakim, Robertson, Anne, Rutere, Cyrus, Schaper, Jonas, Schirmer, Mario, Schulz, Hanna, Shanafield, Margaret, Singh, Tanu, Ward, Adam, Wolke, Philipp, Wörman, Anders, and Wu, Liwen

Abstract

Rivers are important ecosystems under continuous anthropogenic stresses. The hyporheic zone is a ubiquitous, reactive interface between the main channel and its surrounding sediments along the river network. We elaborate on the main physical, biological, and biogeochemical drivers and processes within the hyporheic zone that have been studied by multiple scientific disciplines for almost half a century. These previous efforts have shown that the hyporheic zone is a modulator for most metabolic stream processes and serves as a refuge and habitat for a diverse range of aquatic organisms. It also exerts a major control on river water quality by increasing the contact time with reactive environments, which in turn results in retention and transformation of nutrients, trace organic compounds, fine suspended particles, and microplastics, among others. The paper showcases the critical importance of hyporheic zones, both from a scientific and an applied perspective, and their role in ecosystem services to answer the question of the manuscript title. It identifies major research gaps in our understanding of hyporheic processes. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of hyporheic restoration to efficiently manage and reactivate ecosystem functions and services in river corridors.

Published
2022

19. Stream Hydrology Controls the Longitudinal Bioreactive Footprint of Urban-Sourced Fine Particles

Author

Drummond, Jennifer D., Bernal, Susana, Meredith, Warren, Schumer, Rina, Martí, Eugènia, Drummond, Jennifer D., Bernal, Susana, Meredith, Warren, Schumer, Rina, and Martí, Eugènia

Abstract

The relevance of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in fluvial networks is increasing as urbanization grows in catchments. Urban-sourced fine particles from WWTP effluents deposit and accumulate in the streambed sediment of receiving streams over time and can fuel respiration rates, which can thus potentially increase rates of biogeochemical reactions and CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. We aimed to provide a quantitative assessment of the influence of WWTP-sourced fine particles deposited in the streambed sediment on stream metabolic activity for 1 year in an intermittent Mediterranean stream. More nutrientrich and metabolically active fine particle standing stocks were observed downstream of the WWTP, propagating to the end of the 820 m study reach, especially during the dry period (i.e., when the dilution capacity of the stream to WWTP inputs is <40%). Based on the longitudinal patterns of fine particle standing stocks and their metabolic activity, we estimated that the in-stream bioreactive capacity associated with these fine particles could potentially lead to substantial carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere (3.1 g C/m2/d). We show the importance of incorporating fine particle standing stocks downstream of point source inputs, particularly WWTPs in intermittent streams, into carbon budgets.

Published
2022

21. Organizational Principles of Hyporheic Exchange Flow and Biogeochemical Cycling in River Networks Across Scales

Author

Krause, Stefan, Abbott, Benjamin W., Baranov, Viktor, Bernal, Susana, Blaen, Phillip J., Datry, Thibault, Drummond, Jennifer D., Fleckenstein, Jan H., Gómez Vélez, Jesús, Hannah, David M., Knapp, Julia L.A., Kurz, Marie J., Lewandowski, Jörg, Martí, Eugènia, Mendoza-Lera, Clara, Milner, Alexander, Packman, Aaron I., Pinay, Gilles, Ward, Adam S., Zarnetske, Jay P., Krause, Stefan, Abbott, Benjamin W., Baranov, Viktor, Bernal, Susana, Blaen, Phillip J., Datry, Thibault, Drummond, Jennifer D., Fleckenstein, Jan H., Gómez Vélez, Jesús, Hannah, David M., Knapp, Julia L.A., Kurz, Marie J., Lewandowski, Jörg, Martí, Eugènia, Mendoza-Lera, Clara, Milner, Alexander, Packman, Aaron I., Pinay, Gilles, Ward, Adam S., and Zarnetske, Jay P.

Abstract

Hyporheic zones increase freshwater ecosystem resilience to hydrological extremes and global environmental change. However, current conceptualizations of hyporheic exchange, residence time distributions, and the associated biogeochemical cycling in streambed sediments do not always accurately explain the hydrological and biogeochemical complexity observed in streams and rivers. Specifically, existing conceptual models insufficiently represent the coupled transport and reactivity along groundwater and surface water flow paths, the role of autochthonous organic matter in streambed biogeochemical functioning, and the feedbacks between surface-subsurface ecological processes, both within and across spatial and temporal scales. While simplified approaches to these issues are justifiable and necessary for transferability, the exclusion of important hyporheic processes from our conceptualizations can lead to erroneous conclusions and inadequate understanding and management of interconnected surface water and groundwater environments. This is particularly true at the landscape scale, where the organizational principles of spatio-temporal dynamics of hyporheic exchange flow (HEF) and biogeochemical processes remain largely uncharacterized. This article seeks to identify the most important drivers and controls of HEF and biogeochemical cycling based on a comprehensive synthesis of findings from a wide range of river systems. We use these observations to test current paradigms and conceptual models, discussing the interactions of local-to-regional hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological controls of hyporheic zone functioning. This improved conceptualization of the landscape organizational principles of drivers of HEF and biogeochemical processes from reach to catchment scales will inform future river research directions and watershed management strategies.

Published
2022

22. Source activation or fluvial transport – dynamic controls on spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of plastic pollution in river corridors

Author

Krause, Stefan, primary, Nel, Holly, additional, Schneidewind, Uwe, additional, Kukkola, Anna, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Kelleher, Liam, additional, Lynch, Iseult, additional, Sambrook Smith, Greg, additional, Runkel, Rob, additional, Allen, Deonie, additional, Allen, Steve, additional, Wazne, Mohammad, additional, Dendievel, Andre-Marie, additional, Simon, Laurent, additional, Mermillod-Blondin, Florian, additional, Haverson, Lee, additional, Yonan, Yasmin, additional, Mourier, Brice, additional, Piegay, Herve, additional, and Gomez-Velez, Jesus, additional

Published
2022
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24. Strengthening health system’s capacity for pre-exposure prophylaxis for adolescent girls and young women and adolescent boys and young men in South Africa (SHeS’Cap–PrEP): Protocol for a mixed methods study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author

Nicol, Edward, primary, Ramraj, Trisha, additional, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni, additional, Basera, Wisdom, additional, Jama, Ngcwalisa, additional, Lombard, Carl, additional, McClinton-Appollis, Tracy, additional, Govindasamy, Darshini, additional, Pass, Desiree, additional, Funani, Noluntu, additional, Aheron, Sarah, additional, Paredes-Vincent, Ariana, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Cheyip, Mireille, additional, Dladla, Sibongile, additional, Bedford, Jason, additional, and Mathews, Cathy, additional

Published
2022
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25. Predicting Microplastic Migration in Streams through Dynamic Flow Hydrologic Modeling and Direct Measurements of Accumulation Patterns, Deposition and Resuspension Rates

Author

Drummond, Jennifer, Schneidewind, Uwe, Aquino, Tomás, Kukkola, Anna, Nel, Holly, Krause, Stefan, Dubigeon, Isabelle, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and American Geophysical Union

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Better understanding of the mechanisms that control microplastic (MP) transport in streams is vital to predict their movement in river systems. MPs are abundantly found in streambed sediments, including small and low-density particles of neutral and positive buoyancy. Hyporheic exchange, which occurs in most rivers, is the two-way movement between the overlying water and the streambed sediments. It is driven by both turbulence in the near bed region and pressure variations at the streambed surface that force water and particulate matter (e.g., microplastics, fine sediments, microbes) into and out of the sediment porewater, leading to accumulation of very small particles with very low settling rates within the hyporheic region. Recently, hyporheic exchange has been shown to substantially increase the retention of MPs in rivers. Subsequently, models need to incorporate hyporheic exchange to avoid underestimating the deposition, retention, and long-term accumulation of MPs in streambed sediments.Additionally, MP remobilization caused by flood events through turbulence or bed sediment transport is yet to be quantified. The extent of remobilization is dependent on both the increase in magnitude of the flow and the number of accumulated MPs in streambed sediments prior to the event. Therefore, in order to accurately predict the persistence and fate of MP in streams it is crucial to not only include hyporheic exchange, but also consider both baseflow and stormflow processes within a model framework.We present multi-scale mobile-immobile models combined with direct measurements of MP accumulation, deposition, and resuspension rates from mesocosm to reach-scale. The models account for the exchange between the surface water and streambed sediments, deposition, and resuspension during baseflow and stormflow conditions. We used this approach to relate in-stream MP transport for varying polymer shapes and types to spatial and temporal scales of retention. Linking transport mechanisms across scales advances our ability to predict MP fate in streams. These results demonstrate the complex relationship between microplastic transport and retention characteristics that lead to the heterogeneous distribution of microplastic accumulation and persistence in streambed sediments.

Published
2022

26. Microplastic accumulation in riverbed sediment via hyporheic exchange from headwaters to mainstems

Author

Drummond, Jennifer D., Schneidewind, Uwe, Li, Angang, Hoellein, Timothy J., Krause, Stefan, and Packman, Aaron I.

Subjects
Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences, Multidisciplinary, Environmental Studies, SciAdv r-articles, Research Article
Abstract

Description, Bidirectional flow between surface water and sediment leads to high accumulation of small and lightweight microplastics in rivers., In rivers, small and lightweight microplastics are transported downstream, but they are also found frequently in riverbed sediment, demonstrating long-term retention. To better understand microplastic dynamics in global rivers from headwaters to mainstems, we developed a model that includes hyporheic exchange processes, i.e., transport between surface water and riverbed sediment, where microplastic retention is facilitated. Our simulations indicate that the longest microplastic residence times occur in headwaters, the most abundant stream classification. In headwaters, residence times averaged 5 hours/km but increased to 7 years/km during low-flow conditions. Long-term accumulation for all stream classifications averaged ~5% of microplastic inputs per river kilometer. Our estimates isolated the impact of hyporheic exchange processes, which are known to influence dynamics of naturally occurring particles in streams, but rarely applied to microplastics. The identified mechanisms and time scales for small and lightweight microplastic accumulation in riverbed sediment reveal that these often-unaccounted components are likely a pollution legacy that is crucial to include in global assessments.

Published
2022
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27. Organizational Principles of Hyporheic Exchange Flow and Biogeochemical Cycling in River Networks Across Scales

Author

Krause, Stefan, primary, Abbott, Benjamin W., additional, Baranov, Viktor, additional, Bernal, Susana, additional, Blaen, Phillip, additional, Datry, Thibault, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Fleckenstein, Jan H., additional, Velez, Jesus Gomez, additional, Hannah, David M., additional, Knapp, Julia L. A., additional, Kurz, Marie, additional, Lewandowski, Jörg, additional, Martí, Eugènia, additional, Mendoza‐Lera, Clara, additional, Milner, Alexander, additional, Packman, Aaron, additional, Pinay, Gilles, additional, Ward, Adam S., additional, and Zarnetzke, Jay P., additional

Published
2022
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29. Use of Epidemiology Surge Support to Enhance Robustness and Expand Capacity of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Response, South Africa

Author

Taback-Esra, Rayna, primary, Morof, Diane, additional, Briggs-Hagen, Melissa, additional, Savva, Helen, additional, Mthethwa, Simangele, additional, Williams, Daniel, additional, Drummond, Jennifer, additional, Rothgerber, Nancy, additional, Smith, Michelle, additional, McMorrow, Meredith, additional, Ndlovu, Mduduzi, additional, Adelekan, Adeboye, additional, Kindra, Gurpreet, additional, Olivier, Jacobus, additional, Mpofu, Nkosi, additional, Motlhaoleng, Katlego, additional, Khuzwayo, Landiwe, additional, Makapela, David, additional, Manjengwa, Patience, additional, Ochieng, Anne, additional, Porter, Sarah, additional, Grund, Jonathan, additional, Diallo, Karidia, additional, and Lacson, Romel, additional

Published
2022
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32. Impact of comorbidities on atrial fibrillation and sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Author

Sridharan, Aadhavi, Maron, Martin S., Carrick, Richard T., Madias, Christopher A., Huang, Dou, Cooper, Craig, Drummond, Jennifer, Maron, Barry J., and Rowin, Ethan J.

Subjects
STATISTICS, CARDIAC hypertrophy, MULTIVARIATE analysis, ATRIAL fibrillation, CARDIAC arrest, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, BODY mass index, COMORBIDITY
Abstract

Background: The impact of comorbid disease states on the development of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains unresolved. Objective: Evaluate the association of comorbidities linked to arrhythmias in other cardiovascular diseases (e.g., obesity, systemic hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, renal disorders, tobacco, and alcohol use) to atrial fibrillation (AF) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) events in a large cohort of HCM patients. Methods: A total of 2269 patients, 54 ± 15 years of age, 1392 males, were evaluated at the Tufts HCM Institute between 2004 and 2018 and followed for an average of 4 ± 3 years for new‐onset clinical AF and SCD events (appropriate defibrillation for ventricular tachyarrhythmias, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or SCD). Results: One or more comorbidity was present in 75% of HCM patients, including 50% with ≥2 comorbidities, most commonly obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) in 43%. New‐onset atrial fibrillation developed in 11% of our cohort (2.6%/year). On univariate analysis, obesity was associated with a 1.7‐fold increased risk for AF (p =.03) with 12% of obese patients developing AF (3.3%/year) as compared to 7% of patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (1.6%/year; p =.006). On multivariate analysis, age and LA transverse dimension emerged as the only variables predictive of AF. Comorbidities, including obesity, were not independently associated with AF development (p >.10 for each). SCD events occurred in 3.3% of patients (0.8%/year) and neither obesity nor other comorbidities were associated with increased risk for SCD (p >.10 for each). Conclusions: In adult HCM patients comorbidities do not appear to impact AF or SCD risk. Therefore, for most patients with HCM, adverse disease related events of AF and SCD appear to be primarily driven by underlying left ventricular and atrial myopathy as opposed to comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. Understanding Gender-Based Violence Service Delivery in CDC-Supported Health Facilities: 15 Sub-Saharan African Countries, 2017-2021.

Author

Kanagasabai U, Valleau C, Cain M, Chevalier MS, Hegle J, Patel P, Benevides R, Trika JB, Angumua C, Mpingulu M, Ferdinand K, Sida F, Galloway K, Kambona C, Oluoch P, Msungama W, Katengeza H, Correia D, Duffy M, Cossa RMV, Coomer R, Ayo A, Ukanwa C, Tuyishime E, Dladla S, Drummond J, Magesa D, Kitalile J, Apondi R, Okuku J, Chisenga T, and Cham HJ

Subjects
Humans, Delivery of Health Care, Health Facilities, Africa South of the Sahara epidemiology, Gender-Based Violence, HIV Infections prevention & control
Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a complex issue deeply rooted in social structures, making its eradication challenging. GBV increases the risk of HIV transmission and is a barrier to HIV testing, care, and treatment. Quality clinical services for GBV, which includes the provision of HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), vary, and service delivery data are lacking. We describe GBV clinical service delivery in 15 countries supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Through a descriptive statistical analysis of PEPFAR Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) data, we found a 252% increase in individuals receiving GBV clinical services, from 158,691 in 2017 to 558,251 in 2021. PEP completion was lowest (15%) among 15-19-year-olds. Understanding GBV service delivery is important for policy makers, program managers, and providers to guide interventions to improve the quality of service delivery and contribute to HIV epidemic control.

Published
2023
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