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Nowadays, entrepreneurial knowledge is assessed as having a significant role in supporting and promoting entrepreneurs in the process of starting and running businesses. In addition, the issue of effective entrepreneurship orientation, promotion, and support has become one of the significant tasks of education systems in many countries over the years. Therefore, developing the characteristics, capabilities, and knowledge of entrepreneurs is an essential part of the development policy of each country. A country with good education and adequate entrepreneurial knowledge will contribute to improving the knowledge of entrepreneurs. Furthermore, it will help solve the difficulties and risks facing entrepreneurs. This paper will research and analyze the differences in the influence of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial knowledge of entrepreneurs. This entrepreneurial knowledge is necessary and significant for each entrepreneur. The countries considered for this study are Eastern European countries, including Poland, Bulgaria, Croatia, Latvia, and the Slovak Republic. The study was carried out based on data collected from the global survey provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ‒ National Expert Survey ‒ Individual-Level Data in 2017. The research results show that there is some difference in the influence of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial knowledge of entrepreneurs. In the case of the five studied countries, the level of education, human development, and national development cannot adequately explain the influence of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial knowledge of entrepreneurs. The reasons are the difference in awareness, operating environment, and the need for entrepreneurs to have entrepreneurial knowledge. The results obtained contribute to promoting research on the influence of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial knowledge of entrepreneurs.

Spray cooling technology offers high levels of uniform heat removal with very low fluid volumes and has found recent application in relatively small-scale use cases. Since it is a complex process, research can enable spray cooling to be applied more widely and at larger scales, such as in HVAC, as a means to operate more efficiently. Weather conditions are one of the main parameters that directly affect the effectiveness of spray cooling. This study investigates the spray cooling performance for temperature and humidity conditions in six Australian cities. ANSYS Fluent (2021 R1) software is applied for the numerical simulation. The numerical model is first validated with the available literature before a numerical simulation is conducted to assess each city throughout the year. These include Adelaide, Brisbane, Darwin, Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney. The spray cooling pattern, temperature, and humidity distribution, as well as the evaporation effect on different regions in Australia, is simulated and analysed based on the CFD technique. The results from this study indicate that weather conditions influence spray cooling for all cities, especially in summer. Along the wind tunnel, the temperature significantly drops at the spray cooling area, while the humidity increases. Due to the effect of spray cooling inside the wind tunnel, the temperature at the outlet is still lower than the inlet for all cases. However, the humidity at the outlet is higher than the inlet for all cases.

Background: Calcified coronary lesions can cause stent under-expansion, malapposition, and polymer degradation, hence increasing the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has been used regularly to improve outcomes. Our primary aim was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of IVUS-guided PCI in calcified coronary lesions., Methods: From August 2018 to December 2021, we prospectively included 300 patients in the CAPIRO study (CAlcified plaque in patients receiving Resolute Onyx ® ) at three educational hospitals in Jeonbuk Province. We studied 243 patients (265 lesions) who were followed up for over a year. Based on coronary calcification by IVUS analysis, the patient population was categorized into two groups (Group I: non/mild calcification; Group II: moderate/severe calcification (maximum calcium arc >180° and calcium length > 5 mm)). One-to-one Propensity Score Matching was used to match the baseline characteristics. The stent expansion rate was analyzed by recent criteria. The primary clinical outcome was Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE), which included Cardiac death, Myocardial Infarction (MI), and Target Lesion Revascularization (TLR)., Results: After follow-up time, the MACE rate in Group I was 1.99%, comparable to Group II's 1.09% ( p = 0.594). The components of MACE did not significantly differ between the two groups. Based on absolute MSA or MSA/MVA at MSA site criteria, the stent expansion rate in Group II was lower than that of Group I. Nevertheless, based on recent relative criteria, the stent expansion rate in both groups was comparable., Conclusions: After more than a year of follow-up, IVUS-guided PCI in moderate/severe calcification lesions was associated with good clinical outcomes, which was comparable with non/mild calcification lesions. Future studies with a larger sample size and a more extended follow-up period are required to clarify our findings.