Search

Background Previous studies have shown that self-rated health would be used as a simple assessment indicator for frailty, and individuals with poor self-rated health status are at higher risk of frailty. However, the association between self-rated health and frailty may be different and the effectiveness of self-rated health in frailty assessment may vary in apathetic older adults. Objective To explore the moderating role of apathy in the association between self-rated health and frailty among community-dwelling older adults, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the application of the self-rated health in the assessment of frailty in apathetic older adults. Methods From November 2021 to March 2022, a total of 384 community-dwelling older adults were selected as respondents by convenience sampling method, including 179 cases in Nanjing Dongshan Community and 205 cases in Lianyungang Qinghu Community. Questionnaire surveys were conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Fried Frailty Phenotyp (FFP) , Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-3) , and the self-reported health (SRH) . Generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between self-rated health and frailty of community-dwelling older adults. The model 1 of the SPSS macro program process compiled by Hayes was used to analyze the moderating role of apathy on the association between the self-rated health and frailty, with simple slope analyze performed and simple slope graphs plotted. Results The median FFP and SRH item scores of 384 community-dwelling older adults were 1.00 (2.00) and 4.00 (1.00) , respectively, with the detection rate of apathy of 55.5% (213/384) . The results of the generalized linear model showed that the relationship between the self-rated health and frailty of community-dwelling older adults was significant (b=0.310, P

As China enters a deep aging society, falls and fall-related injuries in older adults have gained increased attention, with increasing emergence of relevant studies, and continuous updates in relevant guidelines. In 2022, The World Falls Task Force assembled 96 experts from 39 countries to develop the World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults: a Global Initiative. The guidelines were developed using the person-centered methodology and the latest evidence on e-health for the prevention of falls, with full consideration of the needs of fall management of older adults, and their caregivers and other stakeholders' perspectives on preventing falls in older adults, as well as the guideline applicability in various care settings and locations with limited resources, which provide new clinical recommendations on the screening, assessment, and management of risk for falls among community-dwelling older adults. This paper offers an in-depth interpretation of the guidelines and an analysis of the effective practical guidance in the guidelines, providing practical guidance for Chinese physicians, nurses and community health workers to prevent and manage falls in older adults.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the effects of telehealth interventions on the caregiver burden and mental health of caregivers for people with dementia (PWD). Method: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of telehealth interventions on caregivers were extracted from nine electronic databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP). The retrieval time was from inception to 26 July 2023. Results: Twenty-two articles with 2132 subjects were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that telehealth interventions exerted a significant effect in reducing caregiver burden (SMD: −0.14, 95 % CI: −0.25, −0.02, p = 0.02), depression (SMD = −0.17; 95%CI: −0.27, −0.07, p < 0.001) and stress (SMD = −0.20, 95%CI: −0.37, −0.04, p = 0.01). However, no statistically significant effect was observed on anxiety (SMD = −0.12, 95%CI: −0.27, 0.03, p = 0.12). Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that tailored interventions were associated with more evident reductions in depression (SMD = −0.26; 95%CI: −0.40, −0.13, p < 0.001) than standardized interventions (SMD = −0.08; 95%CI: −0.22, 0.06, p = 0.25). In addition, telehealth was effective in relieving depression in Internet-based (SMD = −0.17, 95%CI: −0.30, −0.03, p = 0.01) and Telephone-based group (SMD = −0.18, 95%CI: −0.34, −0.02, p = 0.03), while there was no significant difference in the Internet and Telephone-based group (SMD = −0.18, 95%CI: −0.54, 0.18, p = 0.32). Conclusion: Telehealth could effectively reduce the burden and relieve the depression and stress of caregivers of PWD, while its effect on anxiety requires further research. Overall, telehealth has potential benefits in dementia care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type-B sleeve is widely used for reinforcing defective pipelines. Due to the impact of suspension on pipeline safety, the behavior of the type-B sleeve structure has garnered increasing attention. In this study, we establish a numerical model of a defective pipeline reinforced with a type-B sleeve while accounting for the effects of the internal natural gas pressure and gravitational load. We investigate the influence of the sleeve length, suspended pipeline length, internal pressure, and sleeve position on the mechanical behavior of the type-B sleeve. The maximum values for Mises stress and axial strain were both observed near the edge of the suspended segment of the pipeline. For the type-B sleeve structure, the high Mises stress zone was at the bottom of the fillet weld; the axial strain near the fillet weld alternated between tension and compression along the axial direction. With an increase in internal pressure and suspended pipeline length, the Mises stress and axial strain of the type-B sleeve became more prominent. For sleeve length in the ranges of 1 to 3 m, the changes in the stress and strain did not exceed 10 MPa and 0.5 × 10−3, respectively. However, the Mises stress and axial strain on the type-B sleeve structure were independent of the position of the defect on the pipeline. This study provides an important reference for type-B sleeve protection during suspension and other similar practical engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]