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Abstract Background Available evidence falls short in assessing the risk of long-term outcomes among individuals with hypertension residing at various altitudes. We aimed to investigate the association between residential altitude and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among hypertensive patients. Methods This cohort study encompassed 67,275 hypertensive patients aged ≥35 years who participated in China’s Basic Public Health Service Program in 2018. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their residence altitude: 2,500 m. The associations between residential altitude and the risks of all-cause and CVD mortality were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The dose-response relationship was performed by the restricted cubic spline with multivariable adjusted models. Results Among the 67,275 hypertensive patients included in the study (mean age of 63.9 years, with 45.3% male), 8,768 deaths were recorded, of which 5,666 were attributed to CVD. Following multivariate adjustment, when compared to the group residing at altitudes 2,500 m exhibited significantly risks of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.45 (95% CI: 1.36–1.54), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.28–1.43), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.28–1.54), respectively] and CVD mortality [HR = 1.47 (95% CI: 1.35–1.58), 1.42 (95% CI: 1.33–1.52), and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.31–1.62), respectively]. The restricted cubic spline curves revealed a nonlinear relationship between residential altitude and all-cause and CVD mortality. The risk of mortality was higher among participants with poorly controlled blood pressure, aged 65 years and above, and living in rural areas. Conclusions This study demonstrated a significant association between long-term residential high-altitude exposure and increased risks of all-cause and CVD mortality among hypertension patients. The implications of the findings call for a prioritization of public health resource allocation and early intervention efforts, especially for those living at high altitudes and in low-income areas where hypertension is prevalent.

Abstract Background Under the background of similar geography and culture in Lancang-Mekong countries and rapid changes in the regional economy and lifestyle, this study aimed to describe and compare the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and assess the hypertension care cascade in three provinces of China, Laos, and Cambodia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2023 in the three provinces of Lancang–Mekong River countries using consistent investigative procedures. We included 11,005 participants aged ≥ 18 years from three provinces, and data were collected through questionnaires, physical examinations, and biochemical tests. We analyzed the cascade of hypertension care and compared the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Results The hypertension care cascade indicated that 46.3%, 51.6%, and 63.1% of patients in Yunnan Province (China), Oudomxay Province (Laos), and Ratanakiri Province (Cambodia), respectively, were not diagnosed, and 10.7%, 12.8% and 21.1% of patients, respectively, did not receive treatment. After sex-age standardization, the prevalence rates of hypertension in the three provinces were 33.4%, 34.5%, and 23.6%, respectively. Higher awareness rate in Yunnan Province (53.4%) and Oudomxay Province (46.5%) than in Ratanakiri Province of Cambodia (39.7%). The treatment rate of hypertension in Yunnan Province (42.4%) was higher than that in Oudomxay Province (34.5%), and Ratanakiri Province (16.9%). In addition, less than 20% of the patients in the three provinces had their blood pressure under control. The factors associated with hypertension differed across the three provinces. Conclusions In the three provinces of the Lancang-Mekong River Basin countries, there is a high burden of hypertension and a significant unmet need for hypertension care. Targeted and precise intervention strategies are urgently needed to improve the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in low- and middle-income regions. Graphic Abstract

Dynamics of a string near the event horizon of the charged Kiselev black hole is studied in this paper. From the results of the Lyapunov indicator, we find that the chaotic dynamics evolution of the string evolves very frequently, and the violation of the MSS (Maldacena, Shenker, Stanford) limit often occurs. It is shown that the motion of the string is significantly impacted by the angular momentum and energy. No matter how the angular momentum changes, the motion of the string is always chaotic. However, the movement of the string gradually becomes orderly as the energy increases. Thus, our new conclusions differ entirely from the particle. In the same black hole background, for the particle, the small angular momentum produces periodic motion, while the large angular momentum generates chaos.

Objective:. Severe tricuspid regurgitation frequently leads to increased mortality and a poor prognosis. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for tricuspid valve regurgitation has been reported as a safe alternative to traditional open-heart surgery. This study endeavors to assess the efficacy and safety of a newly designed Neoblazar TEER system in this high-risk population. Methods:. This investigation was structured as a prospective, single-arm, first-in-man trial in China (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05497141). From August 2022 to October 2022, patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation were enrolled from 3 centers (Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, and Wuhan Union Hospital). The primary endpoint was achieving a minimum 1-grade reduction in tricuspid regurgitation at the 6-month post-TEER intervention, in addition to the pertinent New York Heart Association class. Scheduled echocardiographic evaluations were conducted at the following distinct intervals: baseline, discharge, 1 month, and 6 months post-TEER intervention. Results:. A total of 10 patients were enrolled in the study. Immediately after the TEER procedure with the Neoblazar system, massive tricuspid regurgitation (grade 5+) at baseline decreased to moderate-severe tricuspid regurgitation (grade 3+) in 2 patients and the optimal tricuspid regurgitation reduction (severe tricuspid regurgitation (grade 4+) to mild tricuspid regurgitation (grade 1+)) were achieved in 6 patients. After 6 months of follow-up, tricuspid regurgitation reduction was found to be durable in all enrolled patients, among whom at least 1 grade of tricuspid regurgitation reduction was sustained, even without reintervention. Consistently, the New York Heart Association class among these subjects significantly improved, with the percentage of patients categorized as class I–II increasing from 0/10 at baseline to 5/10 after 1 month (P = 0.015) and 8/10 after 6 months (P < 0.001). Conclusion:. Tricuspid TEER with the newly designed Neoblazar system appears to be a feasible and safe alternative in treating patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation. However, the implementation of larger and more robust randomized trials is still necessary for further verification of the potential benefits.

Objectives:. The aim of this multicenter, prospective, single-arm pilot study (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05040074) was to observe the procedural and 30-day results of the novel transcatheter mitral valve repair system, SQ-Kyrin®-M Clip (Shenqi Medical, Shanghai, China), in patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods:. The heart team considered patients from 5 centers in China with clinically significant functional mitral regurgitation ≥3+ despite optimal medical therapy or degenerative mitral regurgitation ≥3+ with high surgical risk as candidates for transcatheter repair. All patients received transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair under general anesthesia. The primary outcome was technical success, which included all of the following measured at the exit from the catheterization laboratory: (1) absence of procedural mortality; (2) successful access, delivery, and retrieval of the device delivery system; (3) successful deployment and correct positioning of the first intended device; and (4) no emergency surgery or reintervention related to the device or access procedure. The secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, device success, and procedural success 30 d after the intervention. Results:. From June 2021 to December 2021, 18 patients were enrolled in this study with age (75.7 ± 7.4) years. Fifteen patients had MR 4+, while 3 had MR 3+. Technical success was achieved in all patients, including 6 degenerative mitral regurgitation and 12 functional mitral regurgitation patients. There was no all-cause mortality at 30 d. One patient had single leaflet device attachment within 30 d, which was regarded as a serious adverse event, and the patient was successfully treated with reintervention by implanting another clip. Another patient’s transmitral gradient was 6 mmHg (>5 mmHg), with an effective orifice area of 2.57 cm2 after the procedure. Sixteen patients had device success and procedural success at 30 d postoperation. Fourteen patients had MR 1+, 3 had MR 2+, and only 1 patient had MR 3 + 30 d after the procedure. Conclusions:. The results of this feasibility study showed the efficacy and safety of the SQ-Kyrin®-M device in the Chinese population with severe MR, laying a solid foundation for a subsequent large-scale confirmatory study.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) integration can induce gene expression dysregulation by destroying higher-order chromatin structure in cervical cancer. Objectives: We established a 13q22 site-specific HPV16 gene knock-in cell model to interrogate the changes in chromatin structure at the initial stages of host cell malignant transformation. Methods: We designed a CRISPR-Cas9 system with sgRNA targeting 13q22 site and constructed the HPV16 gene donor. Cells were cotransfected, screened, and fluorescence sorted. The whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to confirm the precise HPV16 gene integration site. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to measure gene expression. In vitro and in vivo analysis were performed to estimate the tumorigenic potential of the HPV16 knock-in cell model. Combined Hi-C, chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA sequencing analyses revealed correlations between chromatin structure and gene expression. We performed a coimmunoprecipitation assay with anti-PIBF1 antibody to identify endogenous interacting proteins. In vivo analysis was used to determine the role of PIBF1 in the tumor growth of cervical cancer cells. Results: We successfully established a 13q22 site-specific HPV16 gene knock-in cell model. We found that HPV integration promoted cell proliferation, invasion and stratified growth in vitro, and monoclonal proliferation in vivo. HPV integration divided the affected topologically associated domain (TAD) into two smaller domains, and the progesterone-induced blocking factor 1 (PIBF1) gene near the integration site was upregulated, although PIBF1 was not enriched at the domain boundary by CUT-Tag signal analysis. Moreover, PIBF1 was found to interact with the cohesin complex off chromatin to reduce contact domain formation by disrupting the cohesin ring-shaped structure, causing dysregulation of tumorigenesis-related genes. Xenograft experiments determined the role of PIBF1 in the proliferation in cervical cancer cells. Conclusion: We highlight that PIBF1, a potential chromatin structure regulatory protein, is activated by HPV integration, which provides new insights into HPV integration-driven cervical carcinogenesis.

Abstract In this letter, a Quasi‐Helmholtz Projector method including multibranch Rao‐Wilton‐Glisson (MB‐RWG) basis function to calculate the scattering problem of multiscale targets at low frequencies is proposed. The loop basis function and the star basis function including MB‐RWG basis function are constructed, and the loop basis function and the star basis function including MB‐RWG basis function are used to construct the Quasi‐Helmholtz Projector. The proposed method is coined MB‐Quasi‐Helmholtz Projector (MB‐QHP) method. The MB‐QHP method can effectively solve the low frequency breakdown (LFB) problem in electric field integral equation (EFIE). Compared with the MB‐loop‐star method, the condition number is lower, the convergence is faster, and the search for global loop is avoided. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the MB‐RWG basis function, the proposed method can divide the calculation region into several regions with different mesh sizes. Numerical example shows the advantages of the proposed method.

Introduction Patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) are recommended to be treated with non-selective beta-blockers (ie, carvedilol) to prevent the first hepatic decompensation event by the renewing Baveno VII consensus. CSPH is defined by hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG)≥10 mm Hg; however, the HVPG measurement is not widely adopted due to its invasiveness. Liver stiffness (LS)≥25 kPa can be used as a surrogate of HVPG≥10 mm Hg to rule in CSPH with 90% of the positive predicting value in majority aetiologies of patients. A compelling argument is existing for using LS≥25 kPa to diagnose CSPH and then to initiate carvedilol in patients with compensated cirrhosis, and about 5%–6% of patients under this diagnosis criteria may not be benefited from carvedilol and are at risk of lower heart rate and mean arterial pressure. Randomised controlled trial on the use of carvedilol to prevent liver decompensation in CSPH diagnosed by LS remains to elucidate. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if compensated cirrhosis patients with LS≥25 kPa may benefit from carvedilol therapy.Methods and analysis This study is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. We will randomly assign 446 adult compensated cirrhosis patients with LS≥25 kPa and without any previous decompensated event and without high-risk gastro-oesophageal varices. Patients are randomly divided into two groups, with 223 subjects in group A and 223 subjects in group B. Group A is a carvedilol intervention group, while group B is a placebo group. All patients in both groups will receive aetiology therapies and are followed up at an interval of 6 months. The 3-year incidences of decompensated events of cirrhosis-related and liver-related death are the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes include development of each complication of portal hypertension individually (ascites, variceal bleeding or overt hepatic encephalopathy), development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and other bacterial infections, development of new varices, growth of small varices to large varices, delta changes in LS and spleen stiffness, change in hepatic dysfunction assessed by Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease score, change in platelet count, development of hepatocellular carcinoma, development of portal vein thrombosis and adverse events with a 3-year follow-up. A predefined interim analysis will be performed to ensure that the calculation is reasonable.Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been approved by the ethics committees of the Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenyang (2023-05-003-01) and independent ethics committee for clinical research of Zhongda Hospital, affiliated to Southeast University (2023ZDSYLL433-P01). The results from this trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at international conferences.Trial registration number ChiCTR2300073864.

Objective To compare the staining quality between rapid hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and routine H&E staining of frozen breast tissue sections. Methods In this cross-sectional observational study, 120 frozen breast tissue sections were randomly assigned to rapid or routine H&E staining ( n = 60 per group). Rapid H&E staining used a 7:1 mixture of modified Gill’s hematoxylin and alcohol-soluble 1% eosin Y. The staining quality of each section was evaluated and scored. A score of >7 was considered excellent, a score of 6 to 7 good, and a score of ≤5 poor. Results The staining time for rapid staining was approximately 3 minutes, whereas that of routine staining was approximately 12 minutes. There were no significant differences in the staining quality scores or proportions of sections in each grade between the two staining methods. The proportions of sections that were classified as excellent or good were 96.7% and 98.3% for rapid and routine staining, respectively. Conclusions In frozen breast tissue sections, rapid H&E staining may provide staining quality that is comparable to that of routine staining, while markedly reducing the staining time.

Prior to clinical application, reliability of percutaneous ventricular assist devices(pVAD) requires to be tested systematically. Currently, there's a lack of dedicated reliability testing equipment and methodologies for pVAD. Considering the structural and functional aspects of percutaneous ventricular assist devices, this study conducts research on pVAD reliability test engineering. Test setups, clinical conditions, failure modes, effects analysis, and evaluation models have been investigated. A highly feasible methodological approach for percutaneous ventricular assist device reliability assessment has been formed. This study offers valuable insights into standardizing their reliability evaluation in clinical settings.

Background: Tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (T-TEER) has emerged as an attractive option for severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). To avoid the radiation exposure for both patients and medical staff, we propose a sole-echocardiography-guided method for T-TEER. The purpose of this article was to investigate the feasibility of sole-echocardiography-guided T-TEER. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study, including 43 patients who underwent sole-echocardiography-guided T-TEER at two medical centers in China between June 2022 and September 2023. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected at baseline, discharge and 6-month follow-up. Results: Patients enrolled in this study were elderly (71.6 ± 8.2 years) with significant comorbidities, 67.4% had baseline massive or torrential TR and 76.7% were classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III/IV. All patients achieved successful device implantation, and no severe device-related complications or mortality occurred during the follow-up period. Significantly reduced TR and reversed right ventricular remodeling were observed at 6-month follow-ups. Patients classified as NYHA functional class I/II increased from 23.3% at baseline to 81.4% at 6-month follow-up (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Sole-echocardiography-guided T-TEER has a low incidence of complications and can effectively reduce TR. It is feasible to substitute conventional fluoroscopy and echocardiography guidance for echocardiography guidance alone. Further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the safety, efficacy and patient benefits of this technique.

Abstract Background This study used an atrial septal shunt to compare the treatment progress and prognosis for patients with heart failure (HF) who have different ejection fractions. Methods Twenty HF patients with pulmonary hypertension, who required atrial septal shunt therapy, were included in this study. The patients underwent surgery between December 2012 and December 2020. They were divided into two groups based on their ejection fraction: a group with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and a group with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF) + mid-range ejection fraction (HfmrEF). Echocardiography was utilized to evaluate parameters such as left ventricular dimension (LVD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV). Hemodynamic parameters were measured using cardiac catheterization. The patient's cardiac function was assessed using the six-minute walking test (6MWT), KCCQ score, NYHA classification, and the degree of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Followed-up visits were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months, and any adverse effects were recorded. Results The LVEF values were consistently higher in the HFpEF+HFmrEF group than HFrEF group at all periods (P

Abstract Developing efficient artificial photocatalysts for the biomimetic photocatalytic production of molecular materials, including medicines and clean energy carriers, remains a fundamentally and technologically essential challenge. Hydrogen peroxide is widely used in chemical synthesis, medical disinfection, and clean energy. However, the current industrial production, predominantly by anthraquinone oxidation, suffers from hefty energy penalties and toxic byproducts. Herein, we report the efficient photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide by protonation-induced dispersible porous polymers with good charge-carrier transport properties. Significant photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide generation occurs under ambient conditions at an unprecedented rate of 23.7 mmol g–1 h–1 and an apparent quantum efficiency of 11.3% at 450 nm. Combined simulations and spectroscopies indicate that sub-picosecond ultrafast electron “localization” from both free carriers and exciton states at the catalytic reaction centers underlie the remarkable photocatalytic performance of the dispersible porous polymers.

Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has been established as a safe and effective option for treating patients with severe symptomatic degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) who are at prohibitive surgical risk. However, the significant cost presents a considerable disease burden in low-income countries. This case details the treatment of a high-surgical-risk patient with severe degenerative MR by using the GeminiOne (Peijia Medical) system—a novel Chinese TEER device.

Abstract Here, the multibranch linear–linear basis function (MB‐LL) is applied to the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai equation for calculating the scattering problem of multi‐scale dielectric targets. The MB‐LL basis function replaces the positive and negative triangles of the traditional linear–linear basis function (LL) with multiple branches, so it can be used at the junction of the meshes of different size. By using the MB‐LL basis function, we can easily divide the calculation region into several non‐overlapping regions, which is very suitable for the simulation of multiscale targets. At the same time, the MB‐LL basis function inherits the properties of the LL basis function, which is more accurate than the multibranch Rao–Wilton–Glisson (MB‐RWG) basis function. Numerical examples demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method.

Background: Progress in cardiovascular health is increasingly concentrated in high-income countries, while the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is high in low - and middle-income countries, a clear health inequity that must be urgently addressed. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and clustering of CVD risk factors in the three Lancang-Mekong regions. Methods: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey from January 2021 to March 2023 in China, Laos, and Cambodia. We compared the prevalence and clustering of CVD risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, overweight / obesity, current smoker, current drinker, inadequate vegetable and fruit intake, and insufficient physical activity across the three regions, and were further stratified by gender and age. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to explore factors influencing the aggregation of CVD risk factors (≥2, ≥3, ≥4). Results: A total of 11005 adults were included. Hypertension emerged as the primary metabolic risk factors in Laos (36.8%) and Cambodia (23.5%), whereas overweight / obesity was 37.6% in China. In terms of behavioral risk factors, all three regions showed insufficient vegetable and fruit intake. The prevalence of individuals without CVD risk factors was 10% in China, 1.9% in Laos, and 5.2% in Cambodia. Meanwhile, the prevalence of two or more risk factors was 64.6% in China, 79.2% in Laos, and 76.0% in Cambodia. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that the propensity for CVD risk factors clustering was higher in men and increased with age in all three countries. Conclusions: CVD risk factors and multiple clustering are pressing health threats among adults in low- and middle-income areas along the Lancang-Mekong River Basin. This study highlights the urgent need for proactive tailored strategies to control CVD risk factors.

Electrochemiluminescence is emitted via the radiative transition of a singlet or triplet excited state. Here, the authors propose an arginine modification of black phosphorus quantum dots that exhibits enhanced emission based on dual excited states.

Improving the thermal decomposition performance of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) by appropriate methods is helpful to promote the combustion performance of CL-20-based solid propellants. In this study, we synthesized a sandwich structure of CL-20 and nanoporous carbon scaffolds film (NCS) and emphatically studied the thermal decomposition performance of the composite structure. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to measure the thermal decomposition process of the composite structure. The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition were calculated by the thermal dynamic analysis software AKTS. These results showed that the thermal decomposition performance of the sandwich structure of CL-20 and NCS was better than CL-20. Among the tested samples, NCS with a pore size of 15 nm had the best catalytic activity for the thermal decomposition of CL-20. Moreover, the thermal decomposition curve of the composite structure at the heating rate of 1 K/min was deconvoluted by mathematical method to study the thermal decomposition process. And a possible catalytic mechanism was proposed. The excellent thermal decomposition performance is due to the sandwich structure enhances the interface reaction of CL-20 and NCS. This work may promote the extensive use of CL-20 in the field of solid rocket propellant.

Abstract The widespread promotion of the sulfur‐based cathode is continuously threatened by the dissolution or slow kinetic reactions of polysulfides, resulting in a deterioration of capacity and volume expansion. Herein, a hierarchical imine‐based covalent organic framework (COFs) with AA stacking structure is constructed as a sulfur host matrix. The one‐dimensional channels in COF are decorated with polarized methoxy groups which can confine and immobilize sulfur species through weak interactions, alleviating the shuttle effect during the battery tests. The composite electrode (COF@S) is fabricated through the melt‐diffusion method in one‐pot synthesis and exhibits a slow fading rate (0.20% each cycle) in a 0.5 C stability test. A promising mechanism for constructing the cathode composite is demonstrated in lithium‐sulfur chemistry in this work.

As the essential amino acids, branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) from diets is indispensable for health. BCAA supplementation is often recommended for patients with consumptive diseases or healthy people who exercise regularly. Latest studies and ours reported that elevated BCAA level was positively correlated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, thrombosis and heart failure. However, the adverse effect of BCAA in atherosclerosis (AS) and its underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here, we found elevated plasma BCAA level was an independent risk factor for CHD patients by a human cohort study. By employing the HCD-fed ApoE−/− mice of AS model, ingestion of BCAA significantly increased plaque volume, instability and inflammation in AS. Elevated BCAA due to high dietary BCAA intake or BCAA catabolic defects promoted AS progression. Furthermore, BCAA catabolic defects were found in the monocytes of patients with CHD and abdominal macrophages in AS mice. Improvement of BCAA catabolism in macrophages alleviated AS burden in mice. The protein screening assay revealed HMGB1 as a potential molecular target of BCAA in activating proinflammatory macrophages. Excessive BCAA induced the formation and secretion of disulfide HMGB1 as well as subsequent inflammatory cascade of macrophages in a mitochondrial-nuclear H2O2 dependent manner. Scavenging nuclear H2O2 by overexpression of nucleus-targeting catalase (nCAT) effectively inhibited BCAA-induced inflammation in macrophages. All of the results above illustrate that elevated BCAA promotes AS progression by inducing redox-regulated HMGB1 translocation and further proinflammatory macrophage activation. Our findings provide novel insights into the role of animo acids as the daily dietary nutrients in AS development, and also suggest that restricting excessive dietary BCAA consuming and promoting BCAA catabolism may serve as promising strategies to alleviate and prevent AS and its subsequent CHD.

In this paper, based on the unique property of vanadium dioxide (VO2) in the transition from insulator to metallic state, a terahertz device with switchable polarization/absorption by an electrically controlled broadband hypersurface is designed and simulated. The device consists of a two-dimensional periodic arrangement of metastable cells in a multilayer structure, integrating the wave absorption function and the polarization conversion function, and realizes the conversion between two different functions by regulating the phase transition process of vanadium dioxide (VO2) in a voltage-controlled manner. The results show that when VO2 is in the insulating phase, the hypersurface can achieve efficient ground line-polarized to line-polarized polarization conversion in the range of 0.685–1.577 THz, with a cross-polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of more than 99%. Meanwhile, by adjusting the size of the super-surface, the super-surface can also achieve linear polarization to circular polarization polarization conversion in the range of 0.76 to 1.16 THz. Once the VO2 transforms to the metallic phase, the hypersurface exhibits broadband efficient wave absorption properties, achieving a perfect absorption of 99.9% at 0.98 THz. The metamaterial device can be applied to optical switching, modulation and communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The p53 gene has the highest mutation frequency in tumors, and its inactivation can lead to malignant transformation, such as cell cycle arrest and apoptotic inhibition. Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer. P53 was inactivated by HPV oncoprotein E6, promoting abnormal cell proliferation and carcinogenesis. To study the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer by restoring p53 expression and inactivating HPV oncoprotein, and to verify the effectiveness of nano drugs based on nucleic acid delivery in cancer treatment, we developed poly (beta-amino ester)537, to form biocompatible and degradable nanoparticles with plasmids (expressing p53 and targeting E7). In vitro and in vivo experiments show that nanoparticles have low toxicity and high transfection efficiency. Nanoparticles inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors and successfully reversed HPV transgenic mice’s cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Our work suggests that the restoration of p53 expression and the inactivation of HPV16 E7 are essential for blocking the development of cervical cancer. This study provides new insights into the precise treatment of HPV-related cervical lesions.