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The performance of twenty chilli hybrids were studied for quality characteristics using Randomized Block Design with three replications.The hybrids showed significant differences for all the characters studied. The maximum chlorophyll content were found in the fruits of Arka Harita (2.40 mg/g). Ascorbic acid (212.58 mg/100 g) was observed highest in CO (Ch)-1. Total soluble solids of 6.67 °B was registered in Arka Gagan and CHT-202 which was highest among all the hybrids. The hybrid H-43 had maximum pungency of 1.23 per cent. Reducing, non-reducing and total sugars were found maximum in the hybrid CHT-188 (2.09 %, 2.87 % and 4.96 %, respectively). The differences among the hybrids for quality characteristics is mainly attributed to the genetic makeup of the individual hybrid.

Advanced cluster bean mutant lines developed by treating seeds of Pusa Navbahar variety with gamma radiation were evaluated in randomised complete block design with two replications to study the genetic variability. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the mutant lines of cluster bean for all the characters studied. The GCV and PCV values were high (>20 %) for number of vegetable pods per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per plot, pod weight, dry pod yield per plant, seed yield per plant and seed yield per plot indicating the existence of broad genetic base, which would be amenable for further crop improvement. High heritability (>60 %) coupled with high genetic advance over mean (>20 %) were observed for characters viz., plant height, number of vegetable pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, pod yield per plant and seed yield per plant which indicated predominance of additive gene action for these traits and hence direct selection would be more effective in improving these traits.

A field study under protected conditions was conducted to assess genetic variability for yield and yield attributes in an F2 segregating population of tomato cross EC521069× EC362941. The experiment was carried out during 2021–2022 at the College of Horticulture, Mudigere, in an augmented block design. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the traits. High values of PCV and GCV were registered for number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit volume and average fruit weight. Estimates of high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean recorded for plant height, number of flowers per cluster, days taken from first harvest to last harvest, fruits per cluster, fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit volume, average fruit weight and pericarp thickness which supports the notion that selection could actually improve these traits by highlighting the significance of additive gene action.

An experiment was carried out to assess genetic variability in thirty advanced breeding lines of brinjal during Rabi season 2021-2022 at the College of Horticulture, Mudigere. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of large variability for different characters under study. The genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation was high (>20 %) for the number of primary branches at 30 DAT, average fruit weight, whereas, plant height at 30 and 90 DAT, number of primary branches at 90 DAT, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield per hectare, dry matter content and fruit phenol content showed moderate GCV and PCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance (>20 %) in per cent of mean were recorded for plant height at 30 DAT, number of primary branches at 30 and 90 DAT, days to first flowering, average fruit weight, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield, dry matter content and fruit phenol content indicating that these traits are controlled by additive gene action. Therefore, studied characters may be included in assortment criterion for improvement in fruit yield per plant and yield contributing traits.

Eggplant is popularly known as poor man’s vegetable. With respect to present situation of climatic challenges, fruit yield of eggplant is reduced due to drought or moisture stresses. In view of this condition, an experiment was aimed to study character association between yield and yield components in eggplant. The resultant outcome from correlation analysis computed among nine eggplant characters indicated that traits like plant height and total plant length at harvesting, fruit length and number of fruits per plant significantly correlated with fruit yield per plant. Whereas, traits like plant height and total plant length observed at harvesting stage, number of days for flower initiation, number of primary branches, fruit length and average fruit weight were significantly associated with fruit yield per plant under moisture stressed condition.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is the third most important solanaceous vegetable and most diversified within species spread across the world-geographical area. A study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity among the selected fifty-four eggplant genotypes (sub-categorized into five sub-population) using twenty-three SSR markers. The Analysis of Molecular Variance among the five sub-population of eggplant revealed the existence of 90.67% variation within populations and 9.34% variation among populations. The SSR markers analysis revealed important locus-wise information like mean Observed-Heterozygosity (0.216), mean Expected-Heterozygosity (0.496), Shannon’s Information Index (0.879), mean number of different alleles (3.209), mean number of effective alleles (2.535), Fixation-Index (0.649). Further, Phylogenetic-analysis clearly categorize genetically distinct individuals in which the most diversified clusters was cluster-1 (C1) out of total of five clusters and especially, wild cultivars were grouped into cluster-5 (C5). The obtained results can be used in eggplant breeding and germplasm conservation in a resourceful manner.