16 results on '"Cybulska, Iwona"'
Search Results
2. A guide to lignin valorization in biorefineries: traditional, recent, and forthcoming approaches to convert raw lignocellulose into valuable materials and chemicals
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Brienza, Filippo, Cannella, David, Montesdeoca, Diego, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien D.P., Brienza, Filippo, Cannella, David, Montesdeoca, Diego, Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien D.P.
- Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics on Earth, yet its enormous potential remains underexploited in current biorefinery and pulping processes. The extensive degree of condensation of the lignin fractions produced via the most widely adopted biomass pretreatments (i.e. “technical lignin”) poses a prominent limitation to their subsequent conversion toward valuable products. In this work, a broad range of methods for biomass pretreatment are reviewed, illustrating the impact of each strategy on the properties of the isolated lignin and carbohydrate fractions. The main pathways for the valorization of the obtained lignin streams (i.e. toward polymeric materials or chemicals) are critically discussed, and the relationship existing between (i) native lignin structure, (ii) pretreatment conditions, and (iii) lignin processability is rationalized. A key aspect for producing lignin streams amenable to further upgrading is the prevention of condensation reactions between lignin fragments during biomass fractionation. In this respect, a class of so-called “lignin-first” pretreatments, targeting the prompt stabilization of reactive lignin intermediates to minimize lignin condensation, has recently gained momentum. Herein, lignin-first approaches are reviewed, discussing in detail the fate of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose for each strategy. The potential of lignin-first biorefineries to realize a more complete valorization of lignocellulose and the current limitations of each method are highlighted. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the technologies that are available or currently emerging for lignin isolation and subsequent valorization., SCOPUS: re.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2023
3. Toward a Hydrogen‐Free Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Wheat Straw Biomass**.
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Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick, Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien P.
- Subjects
WHEAT straw ,LIGNINS ,LIGNIN structure ,LIGNOCELLULOSE ,DEPOLYMERIZATION ,MONOMERS ,HYDROGENOLYSIS ,HEMICELLULOSE - Abstract
The reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive method for the conversion of lignin toward valuable low‐molecular weight aromatics. A limitation to the upscaling of such technology is represented by the use ofpressurized hydrogen gas. Here, the role of hydrogen gas within the RCF of wheat straw biomass is investigated. The use of H2 is shown to enhance lignin depolymerization, by virtue of an improved hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation of lignin fragments, with a yield of phenolic monomers that increased from ca. 12 wt % of acid‐insoluble lignin in the initial biomass under inert atmosphere to up to ca. 25 wt % under H2 (in methanol, at 250 °C, with Ru/C). The adoption of methanol, ethanol or isopropanol as hydrogen‐donor solvents was also investigated in the absence of H2. Ethanol was found to give the highest yield of monophenolic compounds (up to ≈20 wt %) owing to a better balance between solvolysis, hydrogenolysis, and hydrogenation of lignin. Nevertheless, a substantial loss of the carbohydrate fraction was observed. The use of a lower temperature (200 °C) in combination with H3PO4 resulted in an improved recovery of cellulose in the pulp and in the solubilization of hemicellulose and lignin, with the formation of monosaccharides (≈14 wt % of polysaccharides in the initial biomass) and phenolic monomers (up to 18 wt %, in the absence of H2). Overall, a tradeoff exists between the removal of H2 from the process and the production of low‐molecular weight phenolics during RCF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Compositional Changes in Hydroponically Cultivated Salicornia europaea at Different Growth Stages.
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Turcios, Ariel E., Braem, Lukas, Jonard, Camille, Lemans, Tom, Cybulska, Iwona, and Papenbrock, Jutta
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XYLANS ,CULTIVATED plants ,PLANT polyphenols ,BIOMASS production ,PLANT productivity ,CLIMATE change ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,PLANT phenology - Abstract
Abiotic stress conditions, such as salinity, affect plant development and productivity and threaten the sustainability of agricultural production. Salt has been proven to accumulate in soil and water over time as a result of various anthropogenic activities and climatic changes. Species of the genus Salicornia thrive in the most saline environments and have a wide climatic tolerance. They can be found in a variety of subtropical, oceanic, and continental environments. This study aims to establish Salicornia europaea as a novel source of plant-based compounds that can grow in areas unsuitable for other crops. The morphological and compositional changes in the tissues of S. europaea in different consecutive developmental stages have not been investigated so far. Therefore, a comprehensive study of changes during the lifecycle of S. europaea was carried out, following changes in the plant's composition, including biomass yield, and soluble and insoluble compounds. For this, plants were cultivated in hydroponics for 15 weeks and harvested weekly to analyze biomass production, to determine soluble and insoluble compounds, protein content, and polyphenols. According to the results, glucan, xylan, and lignin increase with plant age, while water extractives decrease. Protein content is higher in young plants, while flavonoid content depends on the phenological stage, decreasing in the early flowering stage and then increasing as plants enter early senescence. Our results can aid in finding the optimal harvesting stage of S. europaea, depending on the component of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Technical and economic performance of the dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
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UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., and Cybulska, Iwona
- Abstract
The development of biomass pretreatment approaches that, next to (hemi)cellulose valorization, aim at the conversion of lignin to chemicals is essential for the long-term success of a biorefinery. Herein, we discuss a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) of lignocellulose in n-butanol and water to produce cellulosic pulp and mono-/oligo-aromatics. The present study frames the technicalities of this biorefinery process and relates them to the features of the obtained product streams. Via the extensive characterization of the solid pulp (by acid hydrolysis-HPLC, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM and enzymatic hydrolysis-HPLC), of lignin derivatives (by GPC, GC-MS/FID, 1H-13C HSQC NMR, and ICP-AES) and of carbohydrate derivatives (by HPLC) we comprehensively identify and quantify the different products of interest. These results were used for inspecting the economic feasibility of DAOF. The adoption of a dithionite loading of 16.7% w/wbiomass and of an equivolumetric mixture of n-butanol and water, which led to a high yield of monophenolics (~20%, based on acid insoluble lignin, for the treatment of birch sawdust), was identified as the most profitable process configuration. Furthermore, the treatment of various lignocellulosic feedstocks was explored, which showed that DAOF is particularly effective for processing hardwood and herbaceous biomass. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive view of the development of an effective dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation method for the sustainable upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass.
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- 2022
6. Extending the scope of reductive lignin depolymerization toward new feedstocks and innovative non-metal approaches
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien, Gerin, Patrick, Luis Alconero, Patricia, Sels, Bert, Galkin, Maxim, Mahillon, Jacques, Brienza, Filippo, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, UCL - Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien, Gerin, Patrick, Luis Alconero, Patricia, Sels, Bert, Galkin, Maxim, Mahillon, Jacques, and Brienza, Filippo
- Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics on Earth, but its tendency to undergo irreversible condensation reactions during lignocellulose pretreatment hampers its valorization in current biorefinery schemes. A strategy for circumventing this issue is the so-called reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF), which relies on the use of redox catalysts and hydrogen gas to promote the reductive cleavage of lignin and to prevent lignin condensation, ultimately yielding low-molecular weight phenolics, along with a delignified (hemi)cellulose fraction. Some limitations must be overcome to improve the potential of RCF. The treatment of biomass feedstocks alternative to the widely explored virgin wood is important for extending the range of applications of this method. In addition, the recurrent adoption of high pressures of hydrogen gas poses safety and equipment constraints. This dissertation reports on research undertaken to investigate the RCF of wheat straw, an inexpensive and abundantly available agricultural residue, with a focus on the study of hydrogen-free process configurations. Moreover, an innovative dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) method for the reductive depolymerization of lignin within biomass pretreatment is developed, based on the use of sodium dithionite as a reducing agent, instead of hydrogen gas and redox catalysts. Overall, this dissertation shows that RCF and DAOF represent promising approaches for the sustainable production of light aromatics via the reductive depolymerization of lignin., (AGRO - Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique) -- UCL, 2022
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- 2022
7. Unleashing lignin potential through the dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., Cybulska, Iwona, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Tschulkow, Maxim, Nimmegeers, Philippe, Van Passel, Steven, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Debecker, Damien P., and Cybulska, Iwona
- Abstract
The development of biomass pretreatment approaches that, next to (hemi)cellulose valorization, aim at the conversion of lignin to chemicals is essential for the long-term success of a biorefinery. Herein, we discuss a dithionite-assisted organosolv fractionation (DAOF) of lignocellulose in n-butanol and water to produce cellulosic pulp and mono-/oligo-aromatics. The study frames the technicalities of this biorefinery process and relates them to the features of the obtained product streams. We comprehensively identify and quantify all products of interest: solid pulp (acid hydrolysis-HPLC, ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM, enzymatic hydrolysis-HPLC), lignin derivatives (GPC, GC–MS/FID, 1H–13C HSQC NMR, ICP-AES), and carbohydrate derivatives (HPLC). These results were used for inspecting the economic feasibility of DAOF. In the best process configuration, a high yield of monophenolics was reached (∼20 wt%, based on acid insoluble lignin in birch sawdust). Various other lignocellulosic feedstocks were also explored, showing that DAOF is particularly effective on hardwood and herbaceous biomass. Overall, this study demonstrates that DAOF is a viable fractionation method for the sustainable upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass.
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- 2022
8. Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Wheat Straw Biomass
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UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Cybulska, Iwona, Debecker, Damien P., UCL - SST/IMCN/MOST - Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien P.
- Abstract
The reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) is a promising method for the development of “lignin-first” biorefineries. Apart from the widely investigated virgin woody biomass, it is essential to explore the potential of waste biomass feedstocks. Herein, the RCF of wheat straw is examined to produce lignin mono-/oligomers along with a processable carbohydrate pulp. The use of different catalysts (Ru/C and Ru/Al2O3) and catalyst loadings (0–20% w/wbiomass) revealed the superior performance of Ru/C, which resulted in the largest yield of phenolic monomers (up to ∼25 wt % of initial acid-insoluble lignin) and in the lowest formation of high-molecular-weight fragments in the extracted lignin oil. Furthermore, the operating temperature was shown to substantially affect both lignin extraction–depolymerization and polysaccharides preservation–processability. For a reaction time of 3 h, an increase of the temperature from 200 to 250 °C resulted in a >2-fold boost of the yields of lignin oil and monophenolics, while the recovery of polysaccharides decreased by about 30 wt % (with ∼20% lower enzymatic digestibility). An economic assessment highlighted that the high-temperature treatment becomes the most profitable configuration as the market price of lignin products increases. Overall, this work provides insight into the adoption of the RCF for the upgrading of lignocellulose from inexpensive and widely available wheat straw biomass.
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- 2022
9. Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Wheat Straw Biomass.
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Brienza, Filippo, Van Aelst, Korneel, Devred, François, Magnin, Delphine, Sels, Bert F., Gerin, Patrick A., Cybulska, Iwona, and Debecker, Damien P.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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