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10 results on '"Curtis J. Dell"'

1. Medium-term economic impacts of cover crop adoption in Maryland

Author

Yifei Zhang, Yuyuan Che, Roderick M. Rejesus, Michel A. Cavigelli, Kathryn E. White, Serkan Aglasan, Lynn G. Knight, Curtis J. Dell, David Y. Hollinger, Erin D. Lane, and Steven B. Mirsky

Subjects
Q15, Q24, Q28, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Cover cropping has the potential to generate private economic benefits to farm operations as well as larger-scale environmental benefits to the broader community. However, cover crop adoption remains limited in the United States (US) (i.e., 4.7 % in 2022 (USDA-NASS, 2024)), primarily due to uncertainty in economic outcomes, with several studies showing potentially negative net returns from cover crop use in the short-term (1–3 years). This study investigates the medium-term (5–7 years) economic impact of cover crop adoption using plot-level data from field experiments in the state of Maryland. The empirical analysis employs ordinary least squares (OLS) statistical models and partial budgeting techniques to achieve the study objective. Our results show that cover crops do not have a statistically significant effect on crop yield, fertilizer costs, or pesticide costs, but we find that cover crop use statistically increases field operation and seed expenses. As a result, the private net return from cover crop adoption in the medium term is generally negative based on the Maryland field trial data used in the analysis. Specifically, the average net return per acre with cover crops is approximately $60-$90 lower for corn and around $60 lower for soybeans compared to fields without cover crops. This empirical finding suggests that public support through incentive payments may help further incentivize cover crop adoption in the US, which can then provide environmental and ecosystem services that are of benefit to the general public.

Published
2024
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2. Cropland soil nitrogen oxide emissions vary with dairy manure incorporation methods

Author

David J. Miller, Jiajue Chai, Felix Guo, María A. Ponce de León, Rebecca Ryals, Curtis J. Dell, Heather Karsten, and Meredith G. Hastings

Subjects
Agriculture, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Abstract Soils contribute 15%–75% of total atmospheric nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in agricultural regions during the growing season. However, the impacts of cropland fertilizer management on spatially heterogeneous, temporally episodic NOx emission patterns are highly uncertain. We examine the effects of liquid slurry dairy manure application practices on soil NOx emissions in rainfed, corn‐soybean rotations during spring 2016 and 2017. Daily soil NOx emissions and weekly soil inorganic N measurements were performed in a randomized split–split plot design for 1–4 weeks following manure applications. NOx emissions and soil N with shallow‐disk injection and chisel‐disk manure incorporation methods were compared with unincorporated broadcast practices. Injected manure and chisel‐disk incorporation exhibited two–four times larger mean NOx emissions than those with unincorporated broadcast manure. Larger soil NOx emissions with manure incorporation practices were driven by the predominance of nitrification in these treatments with evidence of soil nitrate production. Soil NOx emission differences between treatments were detectable across order of magnitude changes in daily NOx emissions during two growing seasons. Larger soil NOx emissions associated with manure incorporation practices compared with unincorporated broadcast practices occur alongside larger N2O and smaller NH3 emissions, highlighting important air quality and climate impact tradeoffs for cropland manure fertilizer management choices.

Published
2024
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3. Integrated weed management with strategic tillage can maintain soil quality in continuous living cover systems

Author

Devyn McPheeters, Mary Ann Bruns, Heather D. Karsten, and Curtis J. Dell

Subjects
tillage, no-till, soil health, perennial, alfalfa, soil aggregate, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Maximizing living cover and minimizing soil disturbance with no-till are key strategies in regenerative row-crop production. Although living cover and no-till can increase beneficial soil carbon and water stable aggregates (WSA), annual crops in rotation with perennials often rely on herbicides to control weeds and terminate perennials. Integrated weed management (IWM) reduces reliance on herbicides by employing multiple weed control strategies including tillage and/or cultivation. However, many no-till growers are reluctant to implement some soil disturbance due to concerns about negative impacts on soil health. For that reason, we hypothesized that compared to continuous no-till and standard herbicides (NT-SH), a strategic inversion tillage in IWM (ST-IWM) would result in lower soil carbon and WSA in the year following the tillage event. We also hypothesized that soil carbon and WSA would not differ between the two systems when sampled after cover cropping and 2 years of perennials. We tested these hypotheses within a 6-year, diverse, dairy crop rotation initiated in 2010 in central Pennsylvania in a channery silt loam soil. The systems were compared in split-plots in a full crop entry experiment, where the six phases of the crop rotation were planted every year in a randomized complete block design, replicated four times. We compared the soil health indicators in spring 2010 prior to the start of the experiment and in 2013 and 2019 following inversion tillage (ST-IWM) or herbicide termination (NT-SH) of the perennial forage in the first year of the rotation. We also compared these indicators in the sixth year of the rotation after 3 years of annual and cover crops and 2 years of perennial forage. We sampled at two depths: 0–5 and 5–15 cm for total carbon and bulk density, 0–5 cm for labile carbon and 0–15 cm for WSA. Results indicate that despite initial smaller soil health values in the ST-IWM system following inversion tillage, all properties except labile carbon were similar to the NT-SH system in the sixth year of the rotation.

Published
2022
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4. An evaluation of nitrogen indicators for soil health in long‐term agricultural experiments

Author

Daniel Liptzin, Elizabeth L. Rieke, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, G. Mac Bean, Michael Cope, Kelsey L. H. Greub, Charlotte E. Norris, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R. L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J. W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Robert S. Dungan, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Martin H. Entz, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann‐Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin‐LaHue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton, Xiying Hao, Zachary D. Hayden, Nora Honsdorf, Julie A. Howe, James A. Ippolito, Gregg A. Johnson, Mark A. Kautz, Newell R. Kitchen, Sandeep Kumar, Kirsten S. M. Kurtz, Francis J. Larney, Katie L. Lewis, Matt Liebman, Antonio Lopez Ramirez, Stephen Machado, Bijesh Maharjan, Miguel Angel Martinez Gamiño, William E. May, Mitchel P. McClaran, Marshall D. McDaniel, Neville Millar, Jeffrey P. Mitchell, Amber D. Moore, Philip A. Moore, Manuel Mora Gutiérrez, Kelly A. Nelson, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Shannon L. Osborne, Leodegario Osorio Alcalá, Phillip Owens, Eugenia M. Pena‐Yewtukhiw, Hanna J. Poffenbarger, Brenda Ponce Lira, Jennifer R. Reeve, Timothy M. Reinbott, Mark S. Reiter, Edwin L. Ritchey, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Yichao Rui, Amir Sadeghpour, Upendra M. Sainju, Gregg R. Sanford, William F. Schillinger, Robert R. Schindelbeck, Meagan E. Schipanski, Alan J. Schlegel, Kate M. Scow, Lucretia A. Sherrod, Amy L Shober, Sudeep S. Sidhu, Ernesto Solís Moya, Mervin St. Luce, Jeffrey S. Strock, Andrew E. Suyker, Virginia R. Sykes, Haiying Tao, Alberto Trujillo Campos, Laura L. Van Eerd, Harold M van Es, Nele Verhulst, Tony J. Vyn, Yutao Wang, Dexter B. Watts, David L. Wright, Tiequan Zhang, Cristine L. S. Morgan, and C. Wayne Honeycutt

Subjects
Soil Science
Published
2023
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5. Envisioning the manureshed: Toward comprehensive integration of modern crop and animal production

Author

Peter J. A. Kleinman, Sheri A. Spiegal, Maria L. Silviera, John M. Baker, Curtis J. Dell, Shabtai Bittman, Raj Cibin, Peter A. Vadas, Michael D. Buser, and Teferi Tsegaye

Subjects
Manure, Livestock, Environmental Engineering, Nitrogen, Animals, Agriculture, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Fertilizers, Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal, Crop Production, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

The specialization and intensification of agriculture have produced incredible gains in productivity, quality, and availability of agricultural commodities but have resulted in the separation of crop and animal production. A by-product of this separation has been the accumulation of manure regions where animal production is concentrated. Enter the "manureshed," an organizing framework for integrating animal and crop production where budgeting of manure nutrients is used to strategically guide their recycling and reuse in agricultural production systems where manure resources are of highest value. To move beyond regional nutrient balance analyses into the transformational realm required to mitigate "wicked" manure problems, manureshed management requires recognition of the challenges to systematically reorganizing resource flows. In better integrating crop and livestock systems, manureshed management must account for the unique nature of managing manure nutrients within individual livestock industries, anticipate trade-offs in substituting manure for commercial fertilizer, promote technologies to refine manure, and engage extensive social networks across scales that range from the farmgate to nation and beyond.Manuresheds offer a system-level strategy for recovering manure's fertilizer value. Manuresheds address nutrient imbalances and environmental and socioeconomic outcomes. Manuresheds scale from single operations to a “mega-manureshed” transecting the southeastern United States. Manureshed management supports the strategic alignment of technologies, markets, and networks.

Published
2022
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6. Challenges and opportunities for manureshed management across U.S. dairy systems: Case studies from four regions

Author

Curtis J. Dell, John M. Baker, Sheri Spiegal, Sarah A. Porter, April B. Leytem, K. Colton Flynn, C. Alan Rotz, David L. Bjorneberg, Ray B. Bryant, G. Robert Hagevoort, Jeb C. Williamson, Amalia Slaughter, and Peter J. A. Kleinman

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Phosphorus, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Animal Feed, Zea mays, Pollution, United States, Manure, Dairying, Soil, Animals, Cattle, Waste Management and Disposal, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

The manureshed represents cropland needed to safely assimilate manure nutrients from an animal feeding operation. Dairy manuresheds can be contained on-farm but may need to involve additional farms that can assimilate excess nutrients. We present case studies reviewing challenges and opportunities to manureshed management in four major dairy-producing states using available information on local manuresheds. Additionally, geographic information system software was used with data from regulated Minnesota dairies to assess cropland assimilative capacities and transport needs surrounding large dairies. Manureshed requirements vary across regions, but increased import of feed and soil phosphorus accumulation constrain on-farm manure utilization across the United States. In Minnesota, a growing proportion of Jersey cattle and differences in continuous corn (Zea mays L.) vs. corn-alfafa (Medicago sativa L.) rotations contribute to the amount of land needed to absorb dairy manure nutrients. Farm-gate budgets reveal that N-based manuresheds can be contained within Idaho dairies, but P-based manuresheds extend beyond the farm. In New Mexico, relocation of surplus manure nutrients off the farm is common via informal networks, but incentives to strengthen these networks could ensure sustainable manureshed management. Evaluation of manureshed requirements in Pennsylvania is often complicated by the need for additional nutrient management planning and greater understanding of nutrient balances on the preponderance of small dairies. Nutrient imbalances with highly concentrated dairy production often lead to the need for manure transport off-farm. However, advances in herd and cropland management offer opportunities to improve on-farm nutrient efficiencies, and emerging networks and technologies promise to facilitate manure export when needed.

Published
2022
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7. Soil Biology & Biochemistry

Author

Elizabeth L. Rieke, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, Michael Cope, Daniel Liptzin, G. Mac Bean, Kelsey L.H. Greub, Charlotte E. Norris, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R.L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J.W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann-Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin-LaHue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton, Xiying Hao, Zachary D. Hayden, Nora Honsdorf, Julie A. Howe, James A. Ippolito, Gregg A. Johnson, Mark A. Kautz, Newell R. Kitchen, Sandeep Kumar, Kirsten S.M. Kurtz, Francis J. Larney, Katie L. Lewis, Matt Liebman, Antonio Lopez Ramirez, Stephen Machado, Bijesh Maharjan, Miguel Angel Martinez Gamiño, William E. May, Mitchel P. McClaran, Marshall D. McDaniel, Neville Millar, Jeffrey P. Mitchell, Amber D. Moore, Philip A. Moore, Manuel Mora Gutiérrez, Kelly A. Nelson, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Shannon L. Osborne, Leodegario Osorio Alcalá, Philip Owens, Eugenia M. Pena-Yewtukhiw, Hanna J. Poffenbarger, Brenda Ponce Lira, Jennifer R. Reeve, Timothy M. Reinbott, Mark S. Reiter, Edwin L. Ritchey, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Yichao Rui, Amir Sadeghpour, Upendra M. Sainju, Gregg R. Sanford, William F. Schillinger, Robert R. Schindelbeck, Meagan E. Schipanski, Alan J. Schlegel, Kate M. Scow, Lucretia A. Sherrod, Amy L. Shober, Sudeep S. Sidhu, Ernesto Solís Moya, Mervin St Luce, Jeffrey S. Strock, Andrew E. Suyker, Virginia R. Sykes, Haiying Tao, Alberto Trujillo Campos, Laura L. Van Eerd, Nele Verhulst, Tony J. Vyn, Yutao Wang, Dexter B. Watts, Bryan B. William, David L. Wright, Tiequan Zhang, Cristine L.S. Morgan, and C. Wayne Honeycutt

Subjects
Soil health, Microbial community, Soil Science, Potential carbon mineralization, Microbiology, Tillage
Abstract

Potential carbon mineralization (Cmin) is a commonly used indicator of soil health, with greater Cmin values interpreted as healthier soil. While Cmin values are typically greater in agricultural soils managed with minimal physical disturbance, the mechanisms driving the increases remain poorly understood. This study assessed bacterial and archaeal community structure and potential microbial drivers of Cmin in soils maintained under various degrees of physical disturbance. Potential carbon mineralization, 16S rRNA sequences, and soil characterization data were collected as part of the North American Project to Evaluate Soil Health Measurements (NAPESHM). Results showed that type of cropping system, intensity of physical disturbance, and soil pH influenced microbial sensitivity to physical disturbance. Furthermore, 28% of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which were important in modeling Cmin, were enriched under soils managed with minimal physical disturbance. Sequences identified as enriched under minimal disturbance and important for modeling Cmin, were linked to organisms which could produce extracellular polymeric substances and contained metabolic strategies suited for tolerating environmental stressors. Understanding how physical disturbance shapes microbial communities across climates and inherent soil properties and drives changes in Cmin provides the context necessary to evaluate management impacts on standardized measures of soil microbial activity. Foundation for Food and Agricultural Research [523926]; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation; General Mills Published version Foundation for Food and Agricultural Research (grant ID 523926), General Mills, and The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.

Published
2022

8. Evaluation of aggregate stability methods for soil health

Author

Elizabeth L. Rieke, Dianna K. Bagnall, Cristine L.S. Morgan, Kade D. Flynn, Julie A. Howe, Kelsey L.H. Greub, G. Mac Bean, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, Michael Cope, Daniel Liptzin, Charlotte E. Norris, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R.L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J.W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Martin H. Entz, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann-Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin-LaHue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton, Xiying Hao, Zachary D. Hayden, Nora Honsdorf, James A. Ippolito, Gregg A. Johnson, Mark A. Kautz, Newell R. Kitchen, Sandeep Kumar, Kirsten S.M. Kurtz, Francis J. Larney, Katie L. Lewis, Matt Liebman, Antonio Lopez Ramirez, Stephen Machado, Bijesh Maharjan, Miguel Angel Martinez Gamiño, William E. May, Mitchel P. McClaran, Marshall D. McDaniel, Neville Millar, Jeffrey P. Mitchell, Amber D. Moore, Philip A. Moore, Manuel Mora Gutiérrez, Kelly A. Nelson, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Shannon L. Osborne, Leodegario Osorio Alcalá, Phillip Owens, Eugenia M. Pena-Yewtukhiw, Hanna J. Poffenbarger, Brenda Ponce Lira, Jennifer R. Reeve, Timothy M. Reinbott, Mark S. Reiter, Edwin L. Ritchey, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Yichao Rui, Amir Sadeghpour, Upendra M. Sainju, Gregg R. Sanford, William F. Schillinger, Robert R. Schindelbeck, Meagan E. Schipanski, Alan J. Schlegel, Kate M. Scow, Lucretia A. Sherrod, Amy L Shober, Sudeep S. Sidhu, Ernesto Solís Moya, Mervin St. Luce, Jeffrey S. Strock, Andrew E. Suyker, Virginia R. Sykes, Haiying Tao, Alberto Trujillo Campos, Laura L. Van Eerd, Harold M. van Es, Nele Verhulst, Tony J. Vyn, Yutao Wang, Dexter B. Watts, David L. Wright, Tiequan Zhang, and C. Wayne Honeycutt

Subjects
History, Polymers and Plastics, Soil Science, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
2022
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9. An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments

Author

Daniel Liptzin, Charlotte E. Norris, Shannon B. Cappellazzi, G. Mac Bean, Michael Cope, Kelsey L.H. Greub, Elizabeth L. Rieke, Paul W. Tracy, Ezra Aberle, Amanda Ashworth, Oscar Bañuelos Tavarez, Andy I. Bary, R.L. Baumhardt, Alberto Borbón Gracia, Daniel C. Brainard, Jameson R. Brennan, Dolores Briones Reyes, Darren Bruhjell, Cameron N. Carlyle, James J.W. Crawford, Cody F. Creech, Steve W. Culman, Bill Deen, Curtis J. Dell, Justin D. Derner, Thomas F. Ducey, Sjoerd W. Duiker, Miles F. Dyck, Benjamin H. Ellert, Martin H. Entz, Avelino Espinosa Solorio, Steven J. Fonte, Simon Fonteyne, Ann-Marie Fortuna, Jamie L. Foster, Lisa M. Fultz, Audrey V. Gamble, Charles M. Geddes, Deirdre Griffin-LaHue, John H. Grove, Stephen K. Hamilton, Xiying Hao, Zachary D. Hayden, Nora Honsdorf, Julie A. Howe, James A. Ippolito, Gregg A. Johnson, Mark A. Kautz, Newell R. Kitchen, Sandeep Kumar, Kirsten S.M. Kurtz, Francis J. Larney, Katie L. Lewis, Matt Liebman, Antonio Lopez Ramirez, Stephen Machado, Bijesh Maharjan, Miguel Angel Martinez Gamiño, William E. May, Mitchel P. McClaran, Marshall D. McDaniel, Neville Millar, Jeffrey P. Mitchell, Amber D. Moore, Philip A. Moore, Manuel Mora Gutiérrez, Kelly A. Nelson, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Shannon L. Osborne, Leodegario Osorio Alcalá, Philip Owens, Eugenia M. Pena-Yewtukhiw, Hanna J. Poffenbarger, Brenda Ponce Lira, Jennifer R. Reeve, Timothy M. Reinbott, Mark S. Reiter, Edwin L. Ritchey, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Yichao Rui, Amir Sadeghpour, Upendra M. Sainju, Gregg R. Sanford, William F. Schillinger, Robert R. Schindelbeck, Meagan E. Schipanski, Alan J. Schlegel, Kate M. Scow, Lucretia A. Sherrod, Amy L. Shober, Sudeep S. Sidhu, Ernesto Solís Moya, Mervin St Luce, Jeffrey S. Strock, Andrew E. Suyker, Virginia R. Sykes, Haiying Tao, Alberto Trujillo Campos, Laura L. Van Eerd, Harold van Es, Nele Verhulst, Tony J. Vyn, Yutao Wang, Dexter B. Watts, David L. Wright, Tiequan Zhang, Cristine L.S. Morgan, and C. Wayne Honeycutt

Subjects
Soil Science, Microbiology
Published
2022
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10. Modeling N2O emissions with remotely sensed variables using machine learning

Author

Paul R Adler, Hai Nguyen, Benjamin M Rau, and Curtis J Dell

Subjects
bioenergy, greenhouse gas emissions, life cycle assessment, Miscanthus, switchgrass, nitrous oxide, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

Nitrous oxide is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production. There is significant interest in targeting marginal lands for growing biomass crops, however little information is available on how this will affect N _2 O emissions from these crops. Furthermore, to characterize N _2 O emission at the farm level to quantify mitigation using measurements is time intensive, costly, and impractical. We selected a highly diverse watershed varying in soil texture and topography to compare two approaches for modeling soil N _2 O emissions using machine learning, intensive measurements of soil environment and climate variables, with the other only using remotely sensed variables. We confirmed that soil nitrogen was the most important variable followed by soil environment as influence by soil characteristic, topography, and climate. We also found that the machine learning model built on remotely sensed variables performed as well as when direct site level measurements were available. This finding supports the potential of using remotely sensed data to build machine learning models to characterize soil N _2 O emissions without the need for intensive soil measurements for entity level assessments.

Published
2024
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