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2. The MKK3 MAPK cascade integrates temperature and after-ripening signals to modulate seed germination.

Author

Masahiko Otani, Ryo Tojo, Regnard, Sarah, Lipeng Zheng, Takumi Hoshi, Suzuha Ohmori, Natsuki Tachibana, Tomohiro Sano, Shizuka Koshimizu, Kazuya Ichimura, Colcombet, Jean, and Naoto Kawakami

Subjects
GERMINATION, SEED quality, LOCUS (Genetics), MITOGEN-activated protein kinases, GENE expression, ABSCISIC acid
Abstract

The timing of seed germination is controlled by the combination of internal dormancy and external factors. Temperature is a major environmental factor for seed germination. The permissive temperature range for germination is narrow in dormant seeds and expands during after-ripening (AR) (dormancy release). Quantitative trait loci analyses of preharvest sprouting in cereals have revealed that MKK3, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade protein, is a negative regulator of grain dormancy. Here, we show that the MAPKKK19/20-MKK3-MPK1/2/7/14 cascade modulates the germination temperature range in Arabidopsis seeds by elevating the germinability of the seeds at sub-and supraoptimal temperatures. The expression of MAPKKK19 and MAPKKK20 is induced around optimal temperature for germination in after-ripened seeds but repressed in dormant seeds. MPK7 activation depends on the expression levels of MAPKKK19/20, with expression occurring under conditions permissive for germination. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) are two major phytohormones which are involved in germination control. Activation of the MKK3 cascade represses ABA biosynthesis enzyme gene expression and induces expression of ABA catabolic enzyme and GA biosynthesis enzyme genes, resulting in expansion of the germinable temperature range. Our data demonstrate that the MKK3 cascade integrates temperature and AR signals to phytohormone metabolism and seed germination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. A bivalent histone mark reader, AtDEK2 governs plant immunity

Author

Rayapuram, Naganand, primary, Alhoraibi, Hanna, additional, Alejandro-Martinez, Santiago, additional, Latrasse, David, additional, Mandal, Papita, additional, Faivre, Lea, additional, He, Xiaoning, additional, Mianza, Déborah Manza, additional, Abulfaraj, Aala, additional, Alhrabi, Siba, additional, Mariappan, Kiruthiga, additional, Artyukh, Olga, additional, Abdulhakim, Fatimah, additional, Aljedaani, Fatimah, additional, David, Stephan, additional, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, additional, Bigeard, Jean, additional, Pflieger, Delphine, additional, Fischle, Wolfgang, additional, Arold, Stefan, additional, Colcombet, Jean, additional, Schubert, Daniel, additional, Benhamed, Moussa, additional, Blilou, Ikram, additional, and Hirt, Heribert, additional

Published
2024
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6. Integrated multi‐omics and genetic analyses reveal molecular determinants underlying Arabidopsis snap33 mutant phenotype.

Author

Henchiri, Houda, Rayapuram, Naganand, Alhoraibi, Hanna M., Caïus, José, Paysant‐Le Roux, Christine, Citerne, Sylvie, Hirt, Heribert, Colcombet, Jean, Sturbois, Bénédicte, and Bigeard, Jean

Subjects
MULTIOMICS, PHENOTYPES, ARABIDOPSIS, MESSENGER RNA, SALICYLIC acid, PROTEIN receptors
Abstract

SUMMARY: The secretory pathway is essential for plant immunity, delivering diverse antimicrobial molecules into the extracellular space. Arabidopsis thaliana soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive‐factor attachment protein receptor SNAP33 is a key actor of this process. The snap33 mutant displays dwarfism and necrotic lesions, however the molecular determinants of its macroscopic phenotypes remain elusive. Here, we isolated several new snap33 mutants that exhibited constitutive cell death and H2O2 accumulation, further defining snap33 as an autoimmune mutant. We then carried out quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showing that numerous defense transcripts and proteins were up‐regulated in the snap33 mutant, among which genes/proteins involved in defense hormone, pattern‐triggered immunity, and nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich‐repeat receptor signaling. qRT‐PCR analyses and hormone dosages supported these results. Furthermore, genetic analyses elucidated the diverse contributions of the main defense hormones and some nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich‐repeat receptor signaling actors in the establishment of the snap33 phenotype, emphasizing the preponderant role of salicylic acid over other defense phytohormones. Moreover, the accumulation of pattern‐triggered immunity and nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich‐repeat receptor signaling proteins in the snap33 mutant was confirmed by immunoblotting analyses and further shown to be salicylic acid‐dependent. Collectively, this study unveiled molecular determinants underlying the Arabidopsis snap33 mutant phenotype and brought new insights into autoimmunity signaling. Significance Statement: SNAP33 is a key actor of secretion and the snap33 mutant exhibits dwarfism and necrotic lesions. The snap33 mutant is here further defined as an autoimmune mutant and molecular determinants of its macroscopic phenotypes are unveiled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. PlantACT! - how to tackle the climate crisis

Author

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, European Commission, Hirt, Heribert [0000-0003-3119-9633], Al-Babili, Salim [0000-0003-4823-2882], Almeida-Trapp, Marilia [0000-0002-9980-322X], Aranda, Manuel [0000-0001-6673-016X], Bartels, D. [0000-0003-0505-3083], Bennett, Malcom [0000-0003-0475-390X], Blilou, Ikram [0000-0001-8003-3782], Boer, Damian [0000-0003-1240-2253], Boulouis, Alix [0000-0002-2552-3938], Bowler, Chris [0000-0003-3835-6187], Brunel-Muguet, Sophie [0000-0001-6940-4618], Chardon, Fabien [0000-0001-7909-3884], Colcombet, Jean [0000-0002-0176-3857], Colot, Vincent [0000-0002-6382-1610], Daszkowska-Golec, Agata [0000-0001-9479-0813], Dinneny, Jose R. [0000-0002-3998-724X], Field, Ben [0000-0003-2142-4606], Gardener, Catherine H. [0000-0001-8528-3772], Gojon, Alain [0000-0001-5412-8606], Gomès, Eric [0000-0003-2582-1203], Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María [0000-0002-1284-7212], Gutiérrez Armenta, Crisanto [0000-0001-8905-8222], Havaux, Michel [0000-0002-6434-393X], Hayes, Scott [0000-0001-8943-6238], Heard, Edith [0000-0001-8052-7117], Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf [0000-0002-3491-5271], Laplaze, Laurent [0000-0002-6568-6504], Lauersen, Kyle J. [0000-0002-5538-7201], Leonhardt, Nathalie [0000-0002-5392-9732], Johnson, Xenie [0000-0003-3424-7047], Jones, Jonathan [0000-0002-4953-261X], Kollist, Hannes [0000-0002-6895-3583], Kopriva, Stanislav [0000-0002-7416-6551], Krapp, Anne [0000-0003-2034-5615], Masson, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo [0000-0003-3895-6254], McCabe, Matthew F. [0000-0002-1279-5272], Merendino, Livia [0000-0003-1593-5442], Molina, Antonio [0000-0003-3137-7938], Moreno Ramirez, Jose L. [0000-0002-0907-1361], Mueller-Roeber, Bernd [0000-0002-1410-464X], Nicolas, Michael [0000-0002-7311-5306], Nir, Ido [0000-0002-6223-6700], Pardo, José M. [0000-0003-4510-8624], Reichheld, Jean-Philippe [0000-0001-6884-0602], Rodriguez, Pedro [0000-0002-5886-9425], Rouached, Hatem [0000-0002-7751-0477], Saad, Maged M. [0000-0002-5655-8674], Schlögelhofer, Peter [0000-0002-0909-3587], De Smet, Ive [0000-0003-4607-8893], Stanschewski, Clara [0000-0002-3596-9108], Stra, Alice [0000-0002-0856-6039], Tester, Mark [0000-0002-5085-8801], Weber, A. [0000-0003-0970-4672], Weigel, Detlef [0000-0002-2114-7963], Wigge, Philip [0000-0003-4822-361X], Wrzaczek, Michael [0000-0002-5946-9060], Wulff, Brande B.H. [0000-0003-4044-4346], Hirt, Heribert, Al-Babili, Salim, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, Martin, Antoine, Aranda, Manuel, Bartels, D., Bennett, Malcom, Blilou, Ikram, Boer, Damian, Boulouis, Alix, Bowler, Chris, Brunel-Muguet, Sophie, Chardon, Fabien, Colcombet, Jean, Colot, Vincent, Daszkowska-Golec, Agata, Dinneny, Jose R., Field, Ben, Froehlich, Katja, Gardener, Catherine H., Gojon, Alain, Gomès, Eric, Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María, Gutiérrez Armenta, Crisanto, Havaux, Michel, Hayes, Scott, Heard, Edith, Hodges, Michael, Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf, Laplaze, Laurent, Lauersen, Kyle J., Leonhardt, Nathalie, Johnson, Xenie, Jones, Jonathan, Kollist, Hannes, Kopriva, Stanislav, Krapp, Anne, Masson, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo, McCabe, Matthew F., Merendino, Livia, Molina, Antonio, Moreno Ramirez, Jose L., Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, Nicolas, Michael, Nir, Ido, Orduna, Izamar Olivas, Pardo, José M., Reichheld, Jean-Philippe, Rodriguez, Pedro, Rouached, Hatem, Saad, Maged M., Schlögelhofer, Peter, Singh, Kirti A., De Smet, Ive, Stanschewski, Clara, Stra, Alice, Tester, Mark, Walsh, Catherine, Weber, A., Weigel, Detlef, Wigge, Philip, Wrzaczek, Michael, Wulff, Brande B.H., Young, Iain M., King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, European Commission, Hirt, Heribert [0000-0003-3119-9633], Al-Babili, Salim [0000-0003-4823-2882], Almeida-Trapp, Marilia [0000-0002-9980-322X], Aranda, Manuel [0000-0001-6673-016X], Bartels, D. [0000-0003-0505-3083], Bennett, Malcom [0000-0003-0475-390X], Blilou, Ikram [0000-0001-8003-3782], Boer, Damian [0000-0003-1240-2253], Boulouis, Alix [0000-0002-2552-3938], Bowler, Chris [0000-0003-3835-6187], Brunel-Muguet, Sophie [0000-0001-6940-4618], Chardon, Fabien [0000-0001-7909-3884], Colcombet, Jean [0000-0002-0176-3857], Colot, Vincent [0000-0002-6382-1610], Daszkowska-Golec, Agata [0000-0001-9479-0813], Dinneny, Jose R. [0000-0002-3998-724X], Field, Ben [0000-0003-2142-4606], Gardener, Catherine H. [0000-0001-8528-3772], Gojon, Alain [0000-0001-5412-8606], Gomès, Eric [0000-0003-2582-1203], Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María [0000-0002-1284-7212], Gutiérrez Armenta, Crisanto [0000-0001-8905-8222], Havaux, Michel [0000-0002-6434-393X], Hayes, Scott [0000-0001-8943-6238], Heard, Edith [0000-0001-8052-7117], Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf [0000-0002-3491-5271], Laplaze, Laurent [0000-0002-6568-6504], Lauersen, Kyle J. [0000-0002-5538-7201], Leonhardt, Nathalie [0000-0002-5392-9732], Johnson, Xenie [0000-0003-3424-7047], Jones, Jonathan [0000-0002-4953-261X], Kollist, Hannes [0000-0002-6895-3583], Kopriva, Stanislav [0000-0002-7416-6551], Krapp, Anne [0000-0003-2034-5615], Masson, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo [0000-0003-3895-6254], McCabe, Matthew F. [0000-0002-1279-5272], Merendino, Livia [0000-0003-1593-5442], Molina, Antonio [0000-0003-3137-7938], Moreno Ramirez, Jose L. [0000-0002-0907-1361], Mueller-Roeber, Bernd [0000-0002-1410-464X], Nicolas, Michael [0000-0002-7311-5306], Nir, Ido [0000-0002-6223-6700], Pardo, José M. [0000-0003-4510-8624], Reichheld, Jean-Philippe [0000-0001-6884-0602], Rodriguez, Pedro [0000-0002-5886-9425], Rouached, Hatem [0000-0002-7751-0477], Saad, Maged M. [0000-0002-5655-8674], Schlögelhofer, Peter [0000-0002-0909-3587], De Smet, Ive [0000-0003-4607-8893], Stanschewski, Clara [0000-0002-3596-9108], Stra, Alice [0000-0002-0856-6039], Tester, Mark [0000-0002-5085-8801], Weber, A. [0000-0003-0970-4672], Weigel, Detlef [0000-0002-2114-7963], Wigge, Philip [0000-0003-4822-361X], Wrzaczek, Michael [0000-0002-5946-9060], Wulff, Brande B.H. [0000-0003-4044-4346], Hirt, Heribert, Al-Babili, Salim, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, Martin, Antoine, Aranda, Manuel, Bartels, D., Bennett, Malcom, Blilou, Ikram, Boer, Damian, Boulouis, Alix, Bowler, Chris, Brunel-Muguet, Sophie, Chardon, Fabien, Colcombet, Jean, Colot, Vincent, Daszkowska-Golec, Agata, Dinneny, Jose R., Field, Ben, Froehlich, Katja, Gardener, Catherine H., Gojon, Alain, Gomès, Eric, Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María, Gutiérrez Armenta, Crisanto, Havaux, Michel, Hayes, Scott, Heard, Edith, Hodges, Michael, Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf, Laplaze, Laurent, Lauersen, Kyle J., Leonhardt, Nathalie, Johnson, Xenie, Jones, Jonathan, Kollist, Hannes, Kopriva, Stanislav, Krapp, Anne, Masson, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo, McCabe, Matthew F., Merendino, Livia, Molina, Antonio, Moreno Ramirez, Jose L., Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, Nicolas, Michael, Nir, Ido, Orduna, Izamar Olivas, Pardo, José M., Reichheld, Jean-Philippe, Rodriguez, Pedro, Rouached, Hatem, Saad, Maged M., Schlögelhofer, Peter, Singh, Kirti A., De Smet, Ive, Stanschewski, Clara, Stra, Alice, Tester, Mark, Walsh, Catherine, Weber, A., Weigel, Detlef, Wigge, Philip, Wrzaczek, Michael, Wulff, Brande B.H., and Young, Iain M.

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have created a global climate crisis which requires immediate interventions to mitigate the negative effects on all aspects of life on this planet. As current agriculture and land use contributes up to 25% of total GHG emissions, plant scientists take center stage in finding possible solutions for a transition to sustainable agriculture and land use. In this article, the PlantACT! (Plants for climate ACTion!) initiative of plant scientists lays out a road map of how and in which areas plant scientists can contribute to finding immediate, mid-term, and long-term solutions, and what changes are necessary to implement these solutions at the personal, institutional, and funding levels.

Published
2023

8. PlantACT! – how to tackle the climate crisis

Author

Hirt, Heribert, primary, Al-Babili, Salim, additional, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, additional, Martin, Antoine, additional, Aranda, Manuel, additional, Bartels, Dorothea, additional, Bennett, Malcolm, additional, Blilou, Ikram, additional, Boer, Damian, additional, Boulouis, Alix, additional, Bowler, Chris, additional, Brunel-Muguet, Sophie, additional, Chardon, Fabien, additional, Colcombet, Jean, additional, Colot, Vincent, additional, Daszkowska-Golec, Agata, additional, Dinneny, Jose R., additional, Field, Ben, additional, Froehlich, Katja, additional, Gardener, Catherine H., additional, Gojon, Alain, additional, Gomès, Eric, additional, Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María, additional, Gutierrez, Crisanto, additional, Havaux, Michel, additional, Hayes, Scott, additional, Heard, Edith, additional, Hodges, Michael, additional, Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf, additional, Laplaze, Laurent, additional, Lauersen, Kyle J., additional, Leonhardt, Nathalie, additional, Johnson, Xenie, additional, Jones, Jonathan, additional, Kollist, Hannes, additional, Kopriva, Stanislav, additional, Krapp, Anne, additional, Masson, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo, additional, McCabe, Matthew F., additional, Merendino, Livia, additional, Molina, Antonio, additional, Moreno Ramirez, Jose L., additional, Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, additional, Nicolas, Michael, additional, Nir, Ido, additional, Orduna, Izamar Olivas, additional, Pardo, Jose M., additional, Reichheld, Jean-Philippe, additional, Rodriguez, Pedro L., additional, Rouached, Hatem, additional, Saad, Maged M., additional, Schlögelhofer, Peter, additional, Singh, Kirti A., additional, De Smet, Ive, additional, Stanschewski, Clara, additional, Stra, Alice, additional, Tester, Mark, additional, Walsh, Catherine, additional, Weber, Andreas P.M., additional, Weigel, Detlef, additional, Wigge, Philip, additional, Wrzaczek, Michael, additional, Wulff, Brande B.H., additional, and Young, Iain M., additional

Published
2023
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9. PlantACT! – how to tackle the climate crisis

Author

Hirt, Heribert, Al-Babili, Salim, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, Martin, Antoine, Aranda, Manuel, Bartels, Dorothea, Bennett, Malcolm, Blilou, Ikram, Boer, Damian, Boulouis, Alix, Bowler, Chris, Brunel-Muguet, Sophie, Chardon, Fabien, Colcombet, Jean, Colot, Vincent, Daszkowska-Golec, Agata, Dinneny, Jose R., Field, Ben, Froehlich, Katja, Gardener, Catherine H., Gojon, Alain, Gomès, Eric, Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María, Gutierrez, Crisanto, Havaux, Michel, Hayes, Scott, Heard, Edith, Hodges, Michael, Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf, Laplaze, Laurent, Lauersen, Kyle J., Leonhardt, Nathalie, Johnson, Xenie, Jones, Jonathan, Kollist, Hannes, Kopriva, Stanislav, Krapp, Anne, Masson, Mauricio Lopez Portillo, McCabe, Matthew F., Merendino, Livia, Molina, Antonio, Moreno Ramirez, Jose L., Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, Nicolas, Michael, Nir, Ido, Orduna, Izamar Olivas, Pardo, Jose M., Reichheld, Jean Philippe, Rodriguez, Pedro L., Rouached, Hatem, Saad, Maged M., Schlögelhofer, Peter, Singh, Kirti A., De Smet, Ive, Stanschewski, Clara, Stra, Alice, Tester, Mark, Walsh, Catherine, Weber, Andreas P.M., Weigel, Detlef, Wigge, Philip, Wrzaczek, Michael, Wulff, Brande B.H., Young, Iain M., Hirt, Heribert, Al-Babili, Salim, Almeida-Trapp, Marilia, Martin, Antoine, Aranda, Manuel, Bartels, Dorothea, Bennett, Malcolm, Blilou, Ikram, Boer, Damian, Boulouis, Alix, Bowler, Chris, Brunel-Muguet, Sophie, Chardon, Fabien, Colcombet, Jean, Colot, Vincent, Daszkowska-Golec, Agata, Dinneny, Jose R., Field, Ben, Froehlich, Katja, Gardener, Catherine H., Gojon, Alain, Gomès, Eric, Gomez-Alvarez, Eva María, Gutierrez, Crisanto, Havaux, Michel, Hayes, Scott, Heard, Edith, Hodges, Michael, Alghamdi, Amal Khalaf, Laplaze, Laurent, Lauersen, Kyle J., Leonhardt, Nathalie, Johnson, Xenie, Jones, Jonathan, Kollist, Hannes, Kopriva, Stanislav, Krapp, Anne, Masson, Mauricio Lopez Portillo, McCabe, Matthew F., Merendino, Livia, Molina, Antonio, Moreno Ramirez, Jose L., Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, Nicolas, Michael, Nir, Ido, Orduna, Izamar Olivas, Pardo, Jose M., Reichheld, Jean Philippe, Rodriguez, Pedro L., Rouached, Hatem, Saad, Maged M., Schlögelhofer, Peter, Singh, Kirti A., De Smet, Ive, Stanschewski, Clara, Stra, Alice, Tester, Mark, Walsh, Catherine, Weber, Andreas P.M., Weigel, Detlef, Wigge, Philip, Wrzaczek, Michael, Wulff, Brande B.H., and Young, Iain M.

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have created a global climate crisis which requires immediate interventions to mitigate the negative effects on all aspects of life on this planet. As current agriculture and land use contributes up to 25% of total GHG emissions, plant scientists take center stage in finding possible solutions for a transition to sustainable agriculture and land use. In this article, the PlantACT! (Plants for climate ACTion!) initiative of plant scientists lays out a road map of how and in which areas plant scientists can contribute to finding immediate, mid-term, and long-term solutions, and what changes are necessary to implement these solutions at the personal, institutional, and funding levels.

Published
2023

13. The Lys‐motif receptorLYK4mediates Enterobacter sp. SA187 triggered salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Rolli, Eleonora, primary, de Zélicourt, Axel, additional, Alzubaidy, Hanin, additional, Karampelias, Michael, additional, Parween, Sabiha, additional, Rayapuram, Naganand, additional, Han, Baoda, additional, Froehlich, Katja, additional, Abulfaraj, Aala A., additional, Alhoraibi, Hanna, additional, Mariappan, Kiruthiga, additional, Andrés‐Barrao, Cristina, additional, Colcombet, Jean, additional, and Hirt, Heribert, additional

Published
2021
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14. The Lys‐motif receptor LYK4 mediates Enterobacter sp. SA187 triggered salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Author

Rolli, Eleonora, de Zélicourt, Axel, Alzubaidy, Hanin, Karampelias, Michael, Parween, Sabiha, Rayapuram, Naganand, Han, Baoda, Froehlich, Katja, Abulfaraj, Aala A., Alhoraibi, Hanna, Mariappan, Kiruthiga, Andrés‐Barrao, Cristina, Colcombet, Jean, and Hirt, Heribert

Subjects
ENTEROBACTER, PLANT-microbe relationships, DISEASE resistance of plants, SALT, ROOT growth
Abstract

Summary: Root endophytes establish beneficial interactions with plants, improving holobiont resilience and fitness, but how plant immunity accommodates beneficial microbes is poorly understood. The multi‐stress tolerance‐inducing endophyte Enterobacter sp. SA187 triggers a canonical immune response in Arabidopsis only at high bacterial dosage (>108 CFUs ml−1), suggesting that SA187 is able to evade or suppress the plant defence system at lower titres. Although SA187 flagellin epitopes are recognized by the FLS2 receptor, SA187‐triggered salt tolerance functions independently of the FLS2 system. In contrast, overexpression of the chitin receptor components LYK4 and LYK5 compromised the beneficial effect of SA187 on Arabidopsis, while it was enhanced in lyk4 mutant plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the role of LYK4 is intertwined with a function in remodelling defence responses with growth and root developmental processes. LYK4 interferes with modification of plant ethylene homeostasis by Enterobacter SA187 to boost salt stress resistance. Collectively, these results contribute to unlock the crosstalk between components of the plant immune system and beneficial microbes and point to a new role for the Lys‐motif receptor LYK4 in beneficial plant–microbe interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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15. Cell specialization and coordination in Arabidopsisleaves upon pathogenic attack revealed by scRNA-seq

Author

Delannoy, Etienne, Batardiere, Bastien, Pateyron, Stéphanie, Soubigou-Taconnat, Ludivine, Chiquet, Julien, Colcombet, Jean, and Lang, Julien

Abstract

Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic attacks. How these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poorly known. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology on three independent biological replicates, we identified several cell populations representing the core transcriptional responses of wild-type Arabidopsisleaves inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringaeDC3000. Among these populations, we retrieved major cell types of the leaves (mesophyll, guard, epidermal, companion, and vascular S cells) with which we could associate characteristic transcriptional reprogramming and regulators, thereby specifying different cell-type responses to the pathogen. Further analyses of transcriptional dynamics, on the basis of inference of cell trajectories, indicated that the different cell types, in addition to their characteristic defense responses, can also share similar modules of gene reprogramming, uncovering a ubiquitous antagonism between immune and susceptible processes. Moreover, it appears that the defense responses of vascular S cells, epidermal cells, and mesophyll cells can evolve along two separate paths, one converging toward an identical cell fate, characterized mostly by lignification and detoxification functions. As this divergence does not correspond to the differentiation between immune and susceptible cells, we speculate that this might reflect the discrimination between cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous responses. Altogether our data provide an upgraded framework to describe, explore, and explain the specialization and the coordination of plant cell responses upon pathogenic challenge.

Published
2023
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16. The MKK3 MAPK cascade integrates temperature and after-ripening signals to modulate seed germination.

Author

Otani M, Tojo R, Regnard S, Zheng L, Hoshi T, Ohmori S, Tachibana N, Sano T, Koshimizu S, Ichimura K, Colcombet J, and Kawakami N

Subjects
MAP Kinase Kinase 3 metabolism, MAP Kinase Kinase 3 genetics, MAP Kinase Signaling System physiology, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases genetics, Plant Dormancy genetics, Plant Dormancy physiology, Signal Transduction, Temperature, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Germination, Seeds growth & development, Seeds metabolism, Seeds genetics
Abstract

The timing of seed germination is controlled by the combination of internal dormancy and external factors. Temperature is a major environmental factor for seed germination. The permissive temperature range for germination is narrow in dormant seeds and expands during after-ripening (AR) (dormancy release). Quantitative trait loci analyses of preharvest sprouting in cereals have revealed that MKK3, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade protein, is a negative regulator of grain dormancy. Here, we show that the MAPKKK19/20-MKK3-MPK1/2/7/14 cascade modulates the germination temperature range in Arabidopsis seeds by elevating the germinability of the seeds at sub- and supraoptimal temperatures. The expression of MAPKKK19 and MAPKKK20 is induced around optimal temperature for germination in after-ripened seeds but repressed in dormant seeds. MPK7 activation depends on the expression levels of MAPKKK19/20 , with expression occurring under conditions permissive for germination. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) are two major phytohormones which are involved in germination control. Activation of the MKK3 cascade represses ABA biosynthesis enzyme gene expression and induces expression of ABA catabolic enzyme and GA biosynthesis enzyme genes, resulting in expansion of the germinable temperature range. Our data demonstrate that the MKK3 cascade integrates temperature and AR signals to phytohormone metabolism and seed germination., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.

Published
2024
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