40 results on '"Chevrier C"'
Search Results
2. P805 The persistence of subcutaneous infliximab is equivalent to intravenous form in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
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Bothorel, L, primary, Laharie, D, additional, Poullenot, F, additional, Gohier, E, additional, Chevrier, C, additional, Berger, A, additional, Zerbib, F, additional, and Riviere, P, additional
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- 2024
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3. Associations between prenatal exposure to outdoor PM2.5 and NO2 and childhood respiratory symptoms
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Patlan Hernandez, A R, primary, Audureau, E, additional, Monfort, C, additional, Epaud, R, additional, Lanone, S, additional, Nieuwenhuijsen, M, additional, de Castro, M, additional, Warembourg, C, additional, Chevrier, C, additional, and Jacquemin, B, additional
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- 2023
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4. Étude de l’accumulation des produits avancés de glycation chez les sujets en nutrition parentérale – NUPARAGE
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Tetard, C., primary, Enaud, R., additional, Rigalleau, V., additional, Wilsius, E., additional, Kerlogot, L., additional, Chevrier, C., additional, Laharie, D., additional, Pellet, G., additional, Lamireau, T., additional, and Poullenot, F., additional
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- 2023
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5. Enquête sur l’intérêt du dossier pharmaceutique dans un Centre expert de nutrition parentérale à domicile pour adultes (NPAD)
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Chevrier, C., primary, Schmitt, N. Tyurin, additional, Pellet, G., additional, Wilsius, E., additional, Balde, C., additional, Kerlogot, L., additional, and Poullenot, F., additional
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- 2023
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6. Serum persistent organic pollutants and diminished ovarian reserve: a single-exposure and mixture exposure approach from a French case–control study
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Génard-Walton, M, primary, Warembourg, C, additional, Duros, S, additional, Mercier, F, additional, Lefebvre, T, additional, Guivarc’h-Levêque, A, additional, Le Martelot, M -T, additional, Le Bot, B, additional, Jacquemin, B, additional, Chevrier, C, additional, Cordier, S, additional, Costet, N, additional, Multigner, L, additional, and Garlantézec, R, additional
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- 2023
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7. Simultaneous exposure to both Zika virus and household insecticides during pregnancy, and fetal growth and infant developmental behavior outcomes at 18 months, in Guadeloupe
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Kadawathagedara, M., primary, Muckle, G., additional, Cordier, S., additional, Michineau, L., additional, Tressieres, B., additional, Mallard, A., additional, Kovacic, L., additional, Multigner, L., additional, Quénel, P., additional, and Chevrier, C., additional
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- 2022
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8. 148 - Co-exposition prénatale au Zika et au plomb et développement à 18 mois [Communication]
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Muckle, G., Quénel, Philippe, Michineau, L., Tressieres, B., Hoen, B., Chevrier, C., Multigner, L., Cordier, S., Kadawathagedara, M., CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)
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Zika ,Effets délétères ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Exposition prénatale au plomb (EPP) - Abstract
International audience; Contexte : L'exposition prénatale au plomb (EPP) est connue pour ses effets neurotoxiques sur le fœtus. Certaines infections virales pouvant avoir un tropisme pour le système nerveux central, notre objectif est d’étudier si les effets de l'EPP sur le développement de l'enfant à l’âge de 18 mois sont modifiés par la survenue d'une infection maternelle par le virus Zika (ZIKV) pendant la grossesse. Méthodes : Durant l’épidémie de ZIKV en Guadeloupe en 2016, dans une cohorte de femme enceintes, des prélèvements de sang (grossesse, accouchement et cordon) (n=297) ont permis de doser la plombémie chez la mère et de déterminer sa possible infection lors de la grossesse (statut ZIKV + versus -). Le « Âges and Stages Questionnaire» (ASQ) passé à 18 mois a permis de générer des scores de développement global, motricité fine et globale, communication, résolution de problèmes, aptitudes individuelles et sociales. Les scores d'hyperactivité, opposition, inattention et agressivité physique sont issus de l’étude Québécoise ELDEQ. Les associations ont été testées par des régressions linéaires multivariées. Résultats : L'EPP est associée à des scores ASQ inférieurs quel que soit le statut ZIKV (p-interaction >0,20) pour l'ASQ total, motricité fine et résolution de problème. Une interaction significative entre l'EPP et le statut ZIKV a été observée avec un score inférieur d'aptitude sociale chez les ZIKA (-) uniquement. L'EPP n'est pas associée aux scores comportementaux, cependant des interactions sont significatives entre l'EPP et le statut ZIKV pour les scores d'hyperactivité et d'inattention: une augmentation monotone du score d'hyperactivité est observée chez les femmes ZIKA (+), alors qu'une relation non monotone est observée pour le score d'inattention chez les femmes ZIKA (-). Discussion/Conclusion :Notre étude confirme les effets délétères de l'EPP à faible dose, et suggère une interaction entre l'EPP et l'infection par ZIKV sur les scores d'aptitude sociale, d'hyperactivité et d'inattention. Déclaration de liens d'intérêts Les auteurs déclarent ne pas avoir de liens d'intérêts.
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- 2022
9. Pre- and post-natal exposure of children to organophosphate flame retardants: A nationwide survey in France
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Chupeau, Z., primary, Mercier, F., additional, Rouxel, E., additional, Le Bot, B., additional, Chauvet, G., additional, Siméon, T., additional, Bonvallot, N., additional, Zaros, C., additional, Chevrier, C., additional, and Glorennec, P., additional
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- 2022
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10. Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children
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van Meel, E.R., Mensink-Bout, S.M., den Dekker, H.T., Ahluwalia, T.S., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arshad, S.H., Baïz, N., Barros, H., von Berg, A., Bisgaard, H., Bønnelykke, K., Carlsson, C.J., Casas, M., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Dalmeijer, G., Dezateux, C., Duchen, K., Eggesbø, M., van der Ent, C., Fantini, M., Flexeder, C., Frey, U., Forastiere, F., Gehring, U., Gori, D., Granell, R., Griffiths, L.J., Inskip, H., Jerzynska, J., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kelleher, C., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Kuehni, C.E., Lambrechts, N., Lau, S., Lehmann, Irina, Ludvigsson, J., Magnus, M.C., Mélen, E., Mehegan, J., Mommers, M., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Nystad, W., Pedersen, E.S.L., Pekkanen, J., Peltola, V., Pike, K.C., Pinot de Moira, A., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Popovic, M., Porta, D., Roberts, G., Santos, A.C., Schultz, E.S., Standl, M., Sunyer, J., Thijs, C., Toivonen, L., Uphoff, E., Usemann, J., Vafeidi, M., Wright, J., de Jongste, J.C., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Duijts, L., van Meel, E.R., Mensink-Bout, S.M., den Dekker, H.T., Ahluwalia, T.S., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arshad, S.H., Baïz, N., Barros, H., von Berg, A., Bisgaard, H., Bønnelykke, K., Carlsson, C.J., Casas, M., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Dalmeijer, G., Dezateux, C., Duchen, K., Eggesbø, M., van der Ent, C., Fantini, M., Flexeder, C., Frey, U., Forastiere, F., Gehring, U., Gori, D., Granell, R., Griffiths, L.J., Inskip, H., Jerzynska, J., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kelleher, C., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Kuehni, C.E., Lambrechts, N., Lau, S., Lehmann, Irina, Ludvigsson, J., Magnus, M.C., Mélen, E., Mehegan, J., Mommers, M., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Nystad, W., Pedersen, E.S.L., Pekkanen, J., Peltola, V., Pike, K.C., Pinot de Moira, A., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Popovic, M., Porta, D., Roberts, G., Santos, A.C., Schultz, E.S., Standl, M., Sunyer, J., Thijs, C., Toivonen, L., Uphoff, E., Usemann, J., Vafeidi, M., Wright, J., de Jongste, J.C., Jaddoe, V.W.V., and Duijts, L.
- Abstract
Background Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age.Methods We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4–15) years.Results Children with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75% (z-score range: −0.09 (95% CI −0.14– −0.04) to −0.30 (95% CI −0.36– −0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98–2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64–7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18–1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47–1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma.Conclusions Our findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.
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- 2022
11. DICOS: a demonstrator of advanced active optics and fine pointing techniques for future space-based missions.
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Le Duigou, J. M., Bernard, L., Castelnau, M., Chevrier, C. A., Clavery, M., Evrard, J., Gant, F., Henault, F., Marelli, L., Mirc, F., Montel, J., Laurens, A., Peus, A., Rafflegeau, A., Regnier, B., and Latry, C.
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- 2022
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12. DICOS: a demonstrator of advanced active optics and fine pointing techniques for future space-based missions
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Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Le Duigou, J. M., Bernard, L., Castelnau, M., Chevrier, C. A., Clavery, M., Evrard, J., Gant, F., Henault, F., Marelli, L., Mirc, F., Montel, J., Laurens, A., Peus, A., Rafflegeau, A., Regnier, B., and Latry, C.
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- 2022
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13. Persistence of subcutaneous versus intravenous infliximab in a real-life cohort: A propensity-score matched comparative analysis.
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Bothorel L, Laharie D, Poullenot F, Gohier E, Chevrier C, Berger A, Zerbib F, and Rivière P
- Abstract
Background: There is limited comparative data on patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) switched from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab and those continuing intravenously. This study aimed to compare the persistence and tolerance of subcutaneous and intravenous infliximab and the outcomes of patients resuming intravenous infliximab., Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-centre cohort study involving IBD patients treated with maintenance intravenous infliximab. The switch to subcutaneous infliximab was offered to patients in clinical remission receiving an intravenous dose ≤ 10 mg kg
-1 every ≥ 6 weeks. The switch group was compared to controls remaining on intravenous infliximab due to refusal of the switch., Results: With a median follow-up of 59 (46-67) weeks, subcutaneous infliximab was discontinued in 28/282 (10 %) patients and intravenous infliximab in 1/78 (1 %) patient (p = 0.01); after propensity score-matching of the two cohorts, persistence rates at 52 weeks were respectively 91 % (95 % CI 84-98) and 100 % (95 % CI 100-100, p = 0.01). Among the 28 who discontinued subcutaneous infliximab, 27 resumed intravenous infliximab, with 4 (1 % of the switch group) who permanently stopped infliximab., Conclusion: Switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab led to a lower treatment persistance. In cases of poor tolerance or relapse under subcutaneous infliximab, resuming intravenous infliximab is effective., (Copyright © 2024 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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14. Occupational exposure to organic solvents during pregnancy and child behavior from early childhood to adolescence.
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Tillaut H, Costet N, Monfort C, Béranger R, Garlantézec R, Rouget F, Cordier S, Saint-Amour D, and Chevrier C
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- Humans, Female, Child, Pregnancy, Child, Preschool, Male, France epidemiology, Adult, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Adolescent, Solvents toxicity, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects chemically induced, Child Behavior drug effects, Occupational Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Organic solvents are used in formulating an extensive range of products for professional use. Animal and human studies suggest that in utero solvent exposure may affect neurodevelopment. Our objective was to assess the association between occupational exposure to solvents during pregnancy and child behavior aged 2-12 years., Methods: The French mother-child cohort PELAGIE (2002-2006) included 3,421 women recruited in early pregnancy. Occupational exposure to solvents was self-reported. For 459 children, parents used a questionnaire derived from the Child Behavior Checklist and the Preschool Social Behavior Questionnaire to assess their child's behavior, at age 2, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 6 and 12. A cross-lagged structural equation modeling approach was used to assess direct and indirect associations between exposure and child behavior., Results: At age 2, an increased externalizing behavior score was suggested with prenatal exposure to solvents (mean change in standardized score (95%CI): 0.28 (-0.01, 0.57) for occasional exposure and 0.23 (-0.05, 0.51) for regular exposure). At ages 6 and 12, distinct sex-specific patterns were observed: among boys, no association with externalizing behavior was observed, while among girls, an association was seen for both occasional and regular exposure (total effect at age 12: 0.45 (0.06,0.83) and 0.40 (0.03, 0.76), respectively). For both sexes, occasional exposure may be associated with internalizing behavior at ages 6 and 12 (total effect at age 6: 0.37 (0.06, 0.68) and at age 12: 0.27 (-0.08, 0.62))., Conclusions: Occupational exposure to solvents during pregnancy may impact child behavior through either direct or cumulative effects during childhood; these associations may persist until early adolescence, especially among girls., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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15. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and its impact on the ovarian reserve at 12 years old in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort.
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Génard-Walton M, Angot E, Monfort C, Rouget F, Warembourg C, Giton F, Lainé F, Gaudreau E, Cordier S, Kvaskoff M, Chevrier C, and Garlantézec R
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Although the ovarian reserve is constituted in utero, the literature on the effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during this vulnerable period on the ovarian reserve later in life is limited. We investigated whether cord blood concentrations of POPs were associated with decreased anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH, a marker of the ovarian reserve) levels in girls at the age of 12. We included 239 girls from the French mother-child PELAGIE cohort. POP concentrations of 14 organochlorine pesticides, 17 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 5 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and 9 per-polyfluoroalkyl substances were measured on cord blood sampled at birth. During a follow-up study at 12 years old, blood samples were collected to measure AMH levels. Single-exposure associations were examined with multivariable linear regression models adjusted a priori for potential confounders. Stratification on menarche status was also performed. Mixture effects were investigated using quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression. Overall, 16 POPs were measured in at least 30% of samples. No significant associations were found in multivariable linear regressions, except for the third tercile of exposure to PCB 180 which was statistically significantly associated with an increase in AMH levels at 12 years old (Tercile 2 v. Tercile 1: 0.13 ng/mL, 95% CI = -0.29, 0.56; Tercile 3 v. Tercile 1: 0.51 ng/mL, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.99). Additionally, in post-menarcheal girls (N = 104) only, the second tercile of p,p'-DDE was statistically significantly associated with decreased AMH levels at 12 years old (Tercile 2 v. Tercile 1: -0.61 ng/mL, 95% CI = -1.16, -0.05, Tercile 3 v. Tercile 1: 0.02 ng/mL, 95% CI = -0.51, 0.54). Both mixture models returned null associations. Despite the limited associations observed in this study, we recommend exploring these associations in larger mother-child cohorts and at older ages., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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16. Placental DNA methylation signatures of prenatal air pollution exposure and potential effects on birth outcomes: an analysis of three prospective cohorts.
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Broséus L, Guilbert A, Hough I, Kloog I, Chauvaud A, Seyve E, Vaiman D, Heude B, Chevrier C, Tost J, Slama R, and Lepeule J
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- Humans, Female, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Adult, Male, France, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects genetics, Pregnancy Outcome, Infant, Newborn, Young Adult, DNA Methylation, Placenta drug effects, Placenta metabolism, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Air Pollutants analysis
- Abstract
Background: Pregnancy air pollution exposure (PAPE) has been linked to a wide range of adverse birth and childhood outcomes, but there is a paucity of data on its influence on the placental epigenome, which can regulate the programming of physiological functions and affect child development. This study aimed to investigate the association between prenatal air pollutant exposure concentrations and changes in placental DNA methylation patterns, and to explore the potential windows of susceptibility and sex-specific alterations., Methods: This multi-site study used three prospective population-based mother-child cohorts: EDEN, PELAGIE, and SEPAGES, originating from four French geographical regions (Nancy, Poitiers, Brittany, and Grenoble). Pregnant women were included between 2003 and 2006 for EDEN and PELAGIE, and between 2014 and 2017 for SEPAGES. The main eligibility criteria were: being older than 18 years, having a singleton pregnancy, and living and planning to deliver in one of the maternity clinics in one of the study areas. A total of 1539 mother-child pairs were analysed, measuring placental DNA methylation using Illumina BeadChips. We used validated spatiotemporally resolved models to estimate PM
2·5 , PM10 , and NO2 exposure over each trimester of pregnancy at the maternal residential address. We conducted a pooled adjusted epigenome-wide association study to identify differentially methylated 5'-C-phosphate-G-3' (CpG) sites and regions (assessed using the Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip array, n=871), including sex-specific and sex-linked alterations, and independently validated our results (assessed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array, n=668)., Findings: We identified four CpGs and 28 regions associated with PAPE in the total population, 469 CpGs and 87 regions in male infants, and 150 CpGs and 66 regions in female infants. We validated 35% of the CpGs available. More than 30% of the identified CpGs were related to one (or more) birth outcome and most significant alterations were enriched for neural development, immunity, and metabolism related genes. The 28 regions identified for both sexes overlapped with imprinted genes (four genes), and were associated with neurodevelopment (nine genes), immune system (seven genes), and metabolism (five genes). Most associations were observed for the third trimester for female infants (134 of 150 CpGs), and throughout pregnancy (281 of 469 CpGs) and the first trimester (237 of 469 CpGs) for male infants., Interpretation: These findings highlight the molecular pathways through which PAPE might affect child health in a widespread and sex-specific manner, identifying the genes involved in the major physiological functions of a developing child. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether these epigenetic changes persist and affect health later in life., Funding: French Agency for National Research, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Fondation de France, and the Plan Cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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17. Cohort Profile: The PELAGIE mother-child cohort.
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Warembourg C, Monfort C, Costet N, Rouget F, Pelé F, Garlantézec R, Cordier S, and Chevrier C
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- Humans, Female, Adult, Male, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Child, Preschool, Child, Young Adult, Mothers
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- 2024
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18. Urban environment during pregnancy and childhood and white matter microstructure in preadolescence in two European birth cohorts.
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Binter AC, Granés L, Bannier E, de Castro M, Petricola S, Fossati S, Vrijheid M, Chevrier C, El Marroun H, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Saint-Amour D, Tiemeier H, and Guxens M
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- Child, Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Birth Cohort, Brain, White Matter diagnostic imaging, Air Pollution
- Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that urban environment may influence cognition and behavior in children, but the underlying pollutant and neurobiological mechanisms are unclear. We evaluated the association of built environment and urban natural space indicators during pregnancy and childhood with brain white matter microstructure in preadolescents, and examined the potential mediating role of air pollution and road-traffic noise. We used data of the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (n = 2725; 2002-2006) for the primary analyses. Replication of the main findings was attempted on an independent neuroimaging dataset from the PELAGIE birth cohort, France (n = 95; 2002-2006). We assessed exposures to 12 built environment and 4 urban natural spaces indicators from conception up to 9 years of age. We computed 2 white matter microstructure outcomes (i.e., average of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) from 12 white matte tracts) from diffusion tensor imaging data. Greater distance to the nearest major green space during pregnancy was associated with higher whole-brain FA (0.001 (95%CI 0.000; 0.002) per 7 m increase), and higher land use diversity during childhood was associated with lower whole-brain MD (-0.001 (95%CI -0.002; -0.000) per 0.12-point increase), with no evidence of mediation by air pollution nor road-traffic noise. Higher percentage of transport and lower surrounding greenness during pregnancy were associated with lower whole-brain FA, and road-traffic noise mediated 19% and 52% of these associations, respectively. We found estimates in the same direction in the PELAGIE cohort, although confidence intervals were larger and included the null. This study suggests an association between urban environment and white matter microstructure, mainly through road-traffic noise, indicating that greater access to green space nearby might promote white matter development., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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19. Characterization of multiple pesticide exposure in pregnant women in Brittany, France.
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Lejeune N, Mercier F, Chevrier C, Bonvallot N, and Le Bot B
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- Humans, Female, France, Pregnancy, Adult, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Solid Phase Extraction, Environmental Monitoring methods, Maternal Exposure, Environmental Exposure analysis, Biological Monitoring, Young Adult, Organophosphates urine, Organophosphates analysis, Pesticides urine, Pesticides analysis
- Abstract
Background: France is one of the biggest users of pesticides in Europe and exposure to pesticides is a current concern, especially when it occurs early in life., Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the exposure of pregnant women in Brittany (western France) with high pesticide use., Methods: The pesticides were selected according to agricultural practices. Forty pesticides or metabolites were measured in urine samples collected in 2004 from 296 pregnant women in Brittany. The samples were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) after a solid phase extraction (SPE) step., Results: Twenty seven pesticides were detected: the most frequently detected were the metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides (>89%) and several herbicides (phenoxypropionic acid derivatives and fluazifop >60%). Organophosphate and pyrethroid metabolites were also quantified in highest levels with maximum values of 590 μg/l for dimethylphosphate and 5.4 μg/l for 3- phenoxybenzoic acid. For the other parent compounds, such as prochloraz, bromoxynil and procymidone, they were also detected in 10-29% of the samples., Significance: Our results are consistent with pesticide use at the time of collection. The median concentrations of organophosphorus and pyrethroids were of the same order of magnitude as those reported in other countries. Herbicides and fungicides (fluazifop-p-butyl, bromoxynil, and prochloraz) were measured for the first time in this biomonitoring study, showing the usefulness of measuring widely used pesticides locally to improve knowledge of exposure., Impact: The objective of this study is to assess the exposure of pregnant women in a region of Europe with high pesticide use., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)
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- 2024
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20. Meconium Concentrations of Pesticides and Risk of Hypospadias: A Case-Control Study in Brittany, France.
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Rouget F, Bihannic A, Le Bot B, Mercier F, Gilles E, Garlantezec R, Multigner L, Cordier S, Arnaud A, Pladys P, and Chevrier C
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- Infant, Newborn, Infant, Child, Humans, Male, Female, Pregnancy, Meconium chemistry, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Fenitrothion analysis, France epidemiology, Hypospadias chemically induced, Hypospadias epidemiology, Pesticides toxicity
- Abstract
Background: Hypospadias is a male genital tract defect for which an increase in prevalence has been documented over the last few decades. A role for environmental risk factors is suspected, including prenatal exposure to pesticides., Objectives: To study the risk of hypospadias in association with multiple pesticide measurements in meconium samples., Methods: The Brittany Registry of Congenital Anomalies (France) conducted a case-control study between 2012 and 2018. Cases were hypospadias, ascertained by a pediatrician and a pediatric surgeon, excluding genetic conditions, following European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies guidelines (N = 69). Controls (N = 135) were two male infants without congenital anomaly born after each case in the same maternity unit. Mothers in the maternity units completed a self-administered questionnaire, we collected medical data from hospital records, and medical staff collected meconium samples. We performed chemical analysis of 38 pesticides (parent compound and/or metabolite) by UHPLC/MS/MS following strict quality assurance/quality control criteria and blind to case-control status. We carried out logistic regression accounting for frequency-matching variables and major risk factors., Results: Among the 38 pesticides measured, 16 (42%) were never detected in the meconium samples, 18 (47%) were in <5% of samples, and 4 (11%) in ≥5% of the samples. We observed an association between the detection of fenitrothion in meconium and the risk of hypospadias (OR = 2.6 [1.0-6.3] with n cases = 13, n controls = 21), but not the other pesticides., Conclusions: Our small study provides a robust assessment of fetal exposure. Fenitrothion's established antiandrogenic activities provide biologic plausibility for our observations. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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21. Scannotation: A Suspect Screening Tool for the Rapid Pre-Annotation of the Human LC-HRMS-Based Chemical Exposome.
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Chaker J, Gilles E, Monfort C, Chevrier C, Lennon S, and David A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Mass Spectrometry methods, Exposome
- Abstract
In an increasingly chemically polluted environment, rapidly characterizing the human chemical exposome (i.e., chemical mixtures accumulating in humans) at the population scale is critical to understand its impact on health. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) profiling of complex biological matrices can theoretically provide a comprehensive picture of chemical exposures. However, annotating the detected chemical features, particularly low-abundant ones, remains a significant obstacle to implementing such approaches at a large scale. We present Scannotation (https://github.com/scannotation/Scannotation_software), an automated and user-friendly suspect screening tool for the rapid pre-annotation of HRMS preprocessed data sets. This software tool combines several MS1 chemical predictors, i.e., m / z , experimental and predicted retention times, isotopic patterns, and neutral loss patterns, to score the proximity between features and suspects, thus efficiently prioritizing tentative annotations to verify. Scannotation and MS-DIAL4 were used to annotate blood serum samples of 75 Breton adolescents. Scannotation's combination of MS1-based chemical predictors allowed us to annotate 89 chemically diverse environmental compounds with high confidence (confirmed by MS2 when available). These compounds included 62% of emerging molecules, for which no toxicological or human biomonitoring data are reported in the literature. The complementarity observed with MS-DIAL4 results demonstrates the relevance of Scannotation for the efficient pre-annotation of large-scale exposomics data sets.
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- 2023
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22. High-resolution mass spectrometry identifies delayed biomarkers for improved precision in acetaminophen/paracetamol human biomonitoring.
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Gorrochategui E, Le Vee M, Selmi H, Gérard A, Chaker J, Krais AM, Lindh C, Fardel O, Chevrier C, Le Cann P, Miller GW, Barouki R, Jégou B, Gicquel T, Kristensen DM, and David A
- Subjects
- Humans, Mass Spectrometry, Liver, Biomarkers metabolism, Sulfates metabolism, Acetaminophen toxicity, Acetaminophen chemistry, Acetaminophen metabolism, Biological Monitoring
- Abstract
Paracetamol/acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) is a top selling analgesic used in more than 600 prescription and non-prescription pharmaceuticals. To study efficiently some of the potential undesirable effects associated with increasing APAP consumption (e.g., developmental disorders, drug-induced liver injury), there is a need to improve current APAP biomonitoring methods that are limited by APAP short half-life. Here, we demonstrate using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in several human studies that APAP thiomethyl metabolite conjugates (S-methyl-3-thioacetaminophen sulfate and S-methyl-3-thioacetaminophen sulphoxide sulfate) are stable biomarkers with delayed excretion rates compared to conventional APAP metabolites, that could provide a more reliable history of APAP ingestion in epidemiological studies. We also show that these biomarkers could serve as relevant clinical markers to diagnose APAP acute intoxication in overdosed patients, when free APAP have nearly disappeared from blood. Using in vitro liver models (HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes), we then confirm that these thiomethyl metabolites are directly linked to the toxic N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) elimination, and produced via an overlooked pathway called the thiomethyl shunt pathway. Further studies will be needed to determine whether the production of the reactive hepatotoxic NAPQI metabolites is currently underestimated in human. Nevertheless, these biomarkers could already serve to improve APAP human biomonitoring, and investigate, for instance, inter-individual variability in NAPQI production to study underlying causes involved in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of exposomics-based HRMS approach to advance towards a better precision for human biomonitoring., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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23. Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Child Behavior at Age 12: A PELAGIE Mother-Child Cohort Study.
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Tillaut H, Monfort C, Rouget F, Pelé F, Lainé F, Gaudreau E, Cordier S, Warembourg C, Saint-Amour D, and Chevrier C
- Subjects
- Pregnancy, Female, Adolescent, Child, Humans, Cohort Studies, Bayes Theorem, Child Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major, Environmental Pollutants, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Fluorocarbons
- Abstract
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemical substances spread throughout the environment worldwide. Exposure during pregnancy represents a specific window of vulnerability for child health., Objective: Our objective was to assess the impact of prenatal exposure to multiple PFAS on emotional and behavioral functions in 12-y-old children., Method: In the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France), prenatal exposure to nine PFAS was measured from concentrations in cord serum samples. Behavior was assessed at age 12 y using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the self-reported Dominic Interactive for Adolescents (DIA) for 444 children. Associations were estimated using negative binomial models for each PFAS. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were performed to assess the exposure mixture effect on children's behavior., Results: In our study population, 73% of mothers had spent more than 12 y in education. Higher scores on SDQ externalizing subscale were observed with increasing cord-serum concentration of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) [adjusted mean ratio ( aMR ) = 1.18 , 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.34, and aMR = 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.29) for every doubling of concentration, respectively]. Results for the hyperactivity score were similar [ aMR = 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.40) and aMR = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.36), respectively]. With regard to major depressive disorder and internalizing subscales, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) was associated with higher self-reported DIA scores [ aMR = 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.27) and aMR = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.21), respectively]. In terms of the anxiety subscale, PFDA and PFNA were associated with higher scores [ aMR = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.21) and aMR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.19), respectively]. Concurrent increases in the PFAS concentrations included in the BKMR models showed no change in the SDQ externalizing and DIA internalizing subscales scores., Conclusion: Prenatal exposure to PFNA and PFOA were associated with increasing scores for measures of externalizing behaviors, specifically hyperactivity. We also identified associations between PFNA and PFDA prenatal exposure levels and increasing scores related to internalizing behaviors (general anxiety and major depressive disorder), which adds to the as yet sparse literature examining the links between prenatal exposure to PFAS and internalizing disorders. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12540.
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- 2023
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24. Prenatal and childhood exposure to ambient air pollution and cognitive function in school-age children: Examining sensitive windows and sex-specific associations.
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Guilbert A, Bernard JY, Peyre H, Costet N, Hough I, Seyve E, Monfort C, Philippat C, Slama R, Kloog I, Chevrier C, Heude B, Ramus F, and Lepeule J
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- Child, Male, Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Particulate Matter toxicity, Particulate Matter analysis, Maternal Exposure, Vitamins analysis, Cognition, Environmental Exposure analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollutants analysis, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects chemically induced, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Combined effect of both prenatal and early postnatal exposure to ambient air pollution on child cognition has rarely been investigated and periods of sensitivity are unknown. This study explores the temporal relationship between pre- and postnatal exposure to PM
10 , PM2.5 , NO2 and child cognitive function., Methods: Using validated spatiotemporally resolved exposure models, pre- and postnatal daily PM2.5 , PM10 (satellite based, 1 km resolution) and NO2 (chemistry-transport model, 4 km resolution) concentrations at the mother's residence were estimated for 1271 mother-child pairs from the French EDEN and PELAGIE cohorts. Scores representative of children's General, Verbal and Non-Verbal abilities at 5-6 years were constructed based on subscale scores from the WPPSI-III, WISC-IV or NEPSY-II batteries, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Associations of both prenatal (first 35 gestational weeks) and postnatal (60 months after birth) exposure to air pollutants with child cognition were explored using Distributed Lag Non-linear Models adjusted for confounders., Results: Increased maternal exposure to PM10 , PM2.5 and NO2 , during sensitive windows comprised between the 15th and the 33rd gestational weeks, was associated with lower males' General and Non-verbal abilities. Higher postnatal exposure to PM2.5 between the 35th and 52nd month of life was associated with lower males' General, Verbal and Non-verbal abilities. Some protective associations were punctually observed for the very first gestational weeks or months of life for both males and females and the different pollutants and cognitive scores., Discussion: These results suggest poorer cognitive function at 5-6 years among males following increased maternal exposure to PM10 , PM2.5 and NO2 during mid-pregnancy and child exposure to PM2.5 around 3-4 years. Apparent protective associations observed are unlikely to be causal and might be due to live birth selection bias, chance finding or residual confounding., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Ariane Guilbert reports financial support was provided by Fondation de France. Franck Ramus & Hugo Peyre reports financial support was provided by Agence nationale de la recherche., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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25. Screen Time at 6 Years Old and Visual Function in Early Adolescence.
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Champagne-Hamel M, Monfort C, Chevrier C, and Saint-Amour D
- Abstract
Excessive screen time has been linked to adverse health outcomes in children, including vision-related problems such as myopia. However, very few studies have evaluated the effect of moderate screen exposure on the development of visual functions. This study aimed to examine the association between screen time during middle childhood and color discrimination, contrast sensitivity, and short-range visual acuity in 12-year-old children ( n = 305) from the mother-child PELAGIE cohort (France) for the whole sample and for boys and girls separately. Visual functions were assessed using the Freiburg Acuity and Contrast Test and an adapted version of the Cambridge Color Test. Screen exposure was documented using a parent self-report questionnaire. Regression models showed that screen exposure at 6 years of age was significantly associated with higher contrast sensitivity across the entire sample at 12 years of age. However, when controlling for covariates, this association remained statistically significant in girls only. Sex-stratified analyses also showed that moderate screen exposure was linked to improved tritan-axis color vision in boys only. These findings suggest that moderate screen exposure in middle childhood is not harmful to visual function development and as such, provide new insights into the impact of digital technology on children's visual health and development.
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- 2023
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26. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and molar-incisor hypomineralization among 12-year-old children in the French mother-child cohort PELAGIE.
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Boyer E, Monfort C, Lainé F, Gaudreau É, Tillaut H, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Cordier S, Meuric V, and Chevrier C
- Subjects
- Male, Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Child, Persistent Organic Pollutants, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene, Mother-Child Relations, Prevalence, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects chemically induced, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology, Molar Hypomineralization, Fluorocarbons
- Abstract
Background: Exceptional episodes of exposure to high levels of persistent organic pollutants have already been associated with developmental defects of enamel among children, but knowledge is still scarce concerning the contribution of background levels of environmental contamination., Methods: Children of the French PELAGIE mother-child cohort were followed from birth, with collection of medical data and cord blood samples that were used to measure polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCs), and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs). At 12 years of age, molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and other enamel defects (EDs) were recorded for 498 children. Associations were studied using logistic regression models adjusted for potential prenatal confounders., Results: An increasing log-concentration of β-HCH was associated with a reduced risk of MIH and EDs (OR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.95, and OR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43-0.98, respectively). Among girls, intermediate levels of p,p'-DDE were associated with a reduced risk of MIH. Among boys, we observed an increased risk of EDs in association with intermediate levels of PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 187, and an increased risk of MIH with intermediate levels of PFOA and PFOS., Conclusions: Two OCs were associated with a reduced risk of dental defects, whereas the associations between PCBs and PFASs and EDs or MIH were generally close to null or sex-specific, with an increased risk of dental defects in boys. These results suggest that POPs could impact amelogenesis. Replication of this study is required and the possible underlying mechanisms need to be explored., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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27. β -Lactam Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective, Observational, Cohort Study.
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Guilhaumou R, Chevrier C, Setti JL, Jouve E, Marsot A, Julian N, Blin O, Simeone P, Lagier D, Mokart D, Bruder N, Garnier M, and Velly L
- Abstract
Background: The aims of this study were to describe pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment in intensive care unit (ICU) patients treated with continuously infused ß -lactam antibiotics, their associated covariates, and the impact of dosage adjustment., Methods: This prospective, observational, cohort study was performed in three ICUs. Four ß -lactams were continuously infused, and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was performed at days 1, 4, and 7. The primary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target was an unbound ß -lactam plasma concentration four times above the bacteria's minimal inhibitory concentration during the whole dosing interval. The demographic and clinical covariates associated with target attainment were evaluated., Results: A total of 170 patients were included (426 blood samples). The percentages of empirical ß -lactam underdosing at D1 were 66% for cefepime, 43% for cefotaxime, 47% for ceftazidime, and 14% for meropenem. Indexed creatinine clearance was independently associated with treatment underdose if increased (adjusted odds ratio per unit, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.01; p = 0.014) or overdose if decreased (adjusted odds ratio per unit, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94 to 0.97; p < 0.001). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment was significantly increased after ß -lactam dosage adjustment between day 1 and day 4 vs. no adjustment (53.1% vs. 26.2%; p = 0.018)., Conclusions: This study increases our knowledge on the optimization of ß -lactam therapy in ICU patients. A large inter- and intra-patient variability in plasmatic concentrations was observed, leading to inadequate exposure. A combined indexed creatinine clearance and TDM approach enables adequate dosing for better pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment.
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- 2023
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28. Prenatal exposure to multiple persistent organic pollutants in association with adiposity markers and blood pressure in preadolescents.
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Rouxel E, Costet N, Monfort C, Audouze K, Cirugeda L, Gaudreau E, Grimalt JO, Ibarluzea J, Lainé F, Llop S, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Rouget F, Santa-Marina L, Vrijheid M, Chevrier C, Casas M, and Warembourg C
- Subjects
- Male, Pregnancy, Female, Adolescent, Humans, Persistent Organic Pollutants, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene, Blood Pressure, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Environmental Exposure analysis, Hexachlorobenzene, Adiposity, Bayes Theorem, Obesity, Polychlorinated Biphenyls toxicity, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated analysis, Environmental Pollutants adverse effects, Pesticides toxicity
- Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported that prenatal exposure to some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with higher adiposity in childhood. Few studies have assessed whether this finding persists into adolescence, and few have considered exposure to POPs as a mixture. This study aims to assess the association between prenatal exposure to multiple POPs and adiposity markers and blood pressure in preadolescents., Methods: This study included 1667 mother-child pairs enrolled in the PELAGIE (France) and the INMA (Spain) mother-child cohorts. Three polychlorobiphenyls (PCB 138, 153 and 180, treated as a sum of PCBs) and three organochlorine pesticides (p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [p,p'-DDE], β-hexachlorocyclohexane [β-HCH], and hexachlorobenzene [HCB]) were assessed in maternal or cord serum. Body mass index z-score (zBMI), abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio > 0.5), percentage of fat mass, and blood pressure (mmHg) were measured at around 12 years of age. Single-exposure associations were studied using linear or logistic regressions, and the POP mixture effect was evaluated using quantile G-computation (qgComp) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). All models were adjusted for potential confounders and performed for boys and girls together and separately., Results: Prenatal exposure to the POP mixture was associated with higher zBMI (beta [95 % CI] of the qgComp = 0.15 [0.07; 0.24]) and percentage of fat mass (0.83 [0.31; 1.35]), with no evidence of sex-specific association. These mixture effects were also statistically significant using BKMR. These associations were driven mainly by exposure to HCB and, to a lesser extent, to β-HCH. In addition, the single-exposure models showed an association between β-HCH and p,p'-DDE and higher systolic blood pressure, especially in girls (p,p'-DDE for girls = 1.00 [0.15; 1.86]). No significant associations were found for PCBs., Conclusion: This study suggests that prenatal exposure to POPs, particularly organochlorine pesticides, remains associated with unfavorable cardiometabolic health up to the age of 12., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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29. Early delivery following chronic and acute ambient temperature exposure: a comprehensive survival approach.
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Hough I, Rolland M, Guilbert A, Seyve E, Heude B, Slama R, Lyon-Caen S, Pin I, Chevrier C, Kloog I, and Lepeule J
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- Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Temperature, Prospective Studies, Hot Temperature, Cold Temperature, Premature Birth epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Ambient temperature, particularly heat, is increasingly acknowledged as a trigger for preterm delivery but study designs have been limited and results mixed. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association between ambient temperature throughout pregnancy and preterm delivery., Methods: We estimated daily temperature throughout pregnancy using a cutting-edge spatiotemporal model for 5347 live singleton births from three prospective cohorts in France, 2002-2018. We performed Cox regression (survival analysis) with distributed lags to evaluate time-varying associations with preterm birth simultaneously controlling for exposure during the first 26 weeks and last 30 days of pregnancy. We examined weekly mean, daytime, night-time and variability of temperature, and heatwaves accounting for adaptation to location and season., Results: Preterm birth risk was higher following cold (5th vs 50th percentile of mean temperature) 7-9 weeks after conception [relative risk (RR): 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.6 for 2°C vs 11.6°C] and 10-4 days before delivery (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1 for 1.2°C vs 12.1°C). Night-time heat (95th vs 50th percentile of minimum temperature; 15.7°C vs 7.4°C) increased risk when exposure occurred within 5 weeks of conception (RR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.05-3.8) or 20-26 weeks after conception (RR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.2-6.8). Overall and daytime heat (high mean and maximum temperature) showed consistent effects. We found no clear associations with temperature variability or heatwave indicators, suggesting they may be less relevant for preterm birth., Conclusions: In a temperate climate, night-time heat and chronic and acute cold exposures were associated with increased risk of preterm birth. These results suggest night-time heat as a relevant indicator. In the context of rising temperatures and more frequent weather hazards, these results should inform public health policies to reduce the growing burden of preterm births., (© The Author(s) 2022; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.)
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- 2023
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30. Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Synthetic Phenols and Phthalates from Dietary Intake and Personal Care Products: a Scoping Review.
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Yang TC, Jovanovic N, Chong F, Worcester M, Sakhi AK, Thomsen C, Garlantézec R, Chevrier C, Jensen G, Cingotti N, Casas M, McEachan RR, Vrijheid M, and Philippat C
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Aged, Environmental Exposure analysis, Parabens, Phenols, Benzhydryl Compounds, Eating, Phthalic Acids, Cosmetics, Endocrine Disruptors
- Abstract
Purpose of Review: A scoping review was conducted to identify interventions that successfully alter biomarker concentrations of phenols, glycol ethers, and phthalates resulting from dietary intake and personal care product (PCPs) use., Recent Findings: Twenty-six interventions in populations ranging from children to older adults were identified; 11 actively removed or replaced products, 9 provided products containing the chemicals being studied, and 6 were education-only based interventions. Twelve interventions manipulated only dietary intake with a focus on bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, 8 studies intervened only on PCPs use and focused on a wider range of chemicals including BPA, phthalates, triclosan, parabens, and ultraviolet absorbers, while 6 studies intervened on both diet and PCPs and focused on phthalates, parabens, and BPA and its alternatives. No studies assessed glycol ethers. All but five studies reported results in the expected direction, with interventions removing potential sources of exposures lowering EDC concentrations and interventions providing exposures increasing EDC concentrations. Short interventions lasting a few days were successful. Barriers to intervention success included participant compliance and unintentional contamination of products. The identified interventions were generally successful but illustrated the influence of participant motivation, compliance, ease of intervention adherence, and the difficulty of fully removing exposures due their ubiquity and the difficulties of identifying "safer" replacement products. Policy which reduces or removes EDC in manufacturing and processing across multiple sectors, rather than individual behavior change, may have the greatest impact on population exposure., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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31. Genome-wide analysis of sex-specific differences in the mother-child PELAGIE cohort exposed to organophosphate metabolites.
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Capriati M, Hao C, D'Cruz SC, Monfort C, Chevrier C, Warembourg C, and Smagulova F
- Subjects
- Child, Animals, Mice, Humans, Female, Male, Pregnancy, Organophosphates toxicity, Organophosphates metabolism, Placenta metabolism, Mother-Child Relations, Histones genetics, Histones metabolism, Insecticides metabolism
- Abstract
In recent decades, the detrimental effects of environmental contaminants on human health have become a serious public concern. Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in agriculture, and the negative impacts of OP and its metabolites on human health have been demonstrated. We hypothesized that exposure to OPs during pregnancy could impose damaging effects on the fetus by affecting various processes. We analyzed sex-specific epigenetic responses in the placenta samples obtained from the mother-child PELAGIE cohort. We assayed the telomere length and mitochondrial copy numbers using genomic DNA. We analyzed H3K4me3 by using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR (ChIP‒qPCR) and high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq). The human study was confirmed with mouse placenta tissue analysis. Our study revealed a higher susceptibility of male placentas to OP exposure. Specifically, we observed telomere length shortening and an increase in γH2AX levels, a DNA damage marker. We detected lower histone H3K9me3 occupancy at telomeres in diethylphosphate (DE)-exposed male placentas than in nonexposed placentas. We found an increase in H3K4me3 occupancy at the promoters of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (THRA), 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF2) in DE-exposed female placentas. H3K4me3 occupancy at PPARG was increased in both male and female placentas exposed to dimethylphosphate (DM). The genome-wide sequencing of selected samples revealed sex-specific differences induced by DE exposure. Specifically, we found alterations in H3K4me3 in genes related to the immune system in female placenta samples. In DE-exposed male placentas, a decrease in H3K4me3 occupancy at development-related, collagen and angiogenesis-related genes was observed. Finally, we observed a high number of NANOG and PRDM6 binding sites in regions with altered histone occupancy, suggesting that the effects were possibly mediated via these factors. Our data suggest that in utero exposure to organophosphate metabolites affects normal placental development and could potentially impact late childhood., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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32. Determination of glyphosate and AMPA in indoor settled dust by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and implications for human exposure.
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Saurat D, Raffy G, Bonvallot N, Monfort C, Fardel O, Glorennec P, Chevrier C, and Le Bot B
- Subjects
- Humans, alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid, Chromatography, Liquid methods, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Glyphosate, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Dust analysis
- Abstract
The widespread application of glyphosate leads to significant contamination of outdoor environmental compartments, notably air and soil, which can contaminate indoor air and dust. This study assessed the contamination of indoor household dust for the first time in France and potential exposure to glyphosate through the inadvertent ingestion of dust. A specific and new analytical method was developed using HILIC MS/MS (hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry) to measure polar pesticides, such as glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufosinate, in indoor dust, with a low quantification limit (25 ng/g). The dust from vacuum cleaner bags of 60 rural and urban households (Brittany, France) was analyzed. All samples contained glyphosate (median 1675 ng/g for rural dwellings (n = 29), 457 ng/g for urban dwellings (n = 31)), more than 90 % contained aminomethylphosphonic acid, and none contained glufosinate. Concentrations were influenced by the rural or urban setting, the proximity of crops, and the use of weed killers on driveways or lawns. Glyphosate exposure via indoor dust ingestion was < 1 % of both acceptable daily intake and dietary intake. However, the high quantification limit of the glyphosate concentration in the food analysis method probably leads to overestimation of the dose from food., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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33. Introduction of short course treatment for latent tuberculosis infection at a primary care facility for refugees in Winnipeg, Canada: A mixed methods evaluation.
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Chevrier C, Diaz MH, Rueda ZV, Balakumar S, Haworth-Brockman M, Marin DM, Oliver A, Plourde P, and Keynan Y
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- Humans, Middle Aged, Isoniazid therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Canada epidemiology, Primary Health Care, Latent Tuberculosis drug therapy, Latent Tuberculosis epidemiology, Refugees
- Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy document 'Toward tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low incidence countries'-like Canada- identifies screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) for groups at increased risk for TB disease as a priority, including newcomers from endemic countries. In 2015, the clients-centered model offered at a primary care facility for refugees, BridgeCare Clinic, Winnipeg, Canada was evaluated. The model included LTBI screening, assessment, and treatment, and originally offered 9-months of isoniazid as treatment. This mixed methods evaluation investigates LTBI program outcomes since the introduction of two short-course treatment regimens: 4-months of rifampin, and 3-months of isoniazid and rifapentine., Methods: This study combined a retrospective analysis of program administrative data with structured interviews of clinic staff. We included LTBI treatment eligibility, the treatment regimen offered, treatment initiation, and completed treatment from January 1, 2015 to August 6, 2020., Results: Seven hundred and one people were screened, and infection rates varied from 34.1% in 2015 to 53.3% in 2020. Most people living with LTBI came from high TB burden countries in Africa and South-East Asia WHO regions and were younger than 45 years old. Treatment eligibility increased 9% (75% in 2015 to 86% in 2016-2020) and most people diagnosed with LTBI took the short course treatments offered. There was an increase of 14.5% in treatment initiation (75.6 vs. 90.1%), and an increase of 8% in treatment completion (82.4 vs. 90.4%) after short-course regimens were introduced. The final model showed that the treatment regimen tends to affect the frequency of treatment completion, but there are other factors that influence this outcome, in this population. With the new treatments, BridgeCare Clinic achieved the 90% of treatment coverage, and the 90% treatment completion rate targets recommended in the End TB Strategy. Qualitative interviews with clinic staff further affirm the higher acceptability of the new treatments., Conclusion: While these results are limited to government-sponsored refugees in Winnipeg, they highlight the acceptability and value of short-course LTBI treatment as a possibility for reaching End TB targets in primary care settings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Chevrier, Diaz, Rueda, Balakumar, Haworth-Brockman, Marin, Oliver, Plourde and Keynan.)
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- 2023
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34. Persistent Organic Pollutant Exposure and Thyroid Function among 12-Year-Old Children.
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Tillaut H, Monfort C, Giton F, Warembourg C, Rouget F, Cordier S, Lainé F, Gaudreau E, Garlantézec R, Saint-Amour D, and Chevrier C
- Subjects
- Male, Female, Humans, Child, Thyroid Gland, Persistent Organic Pollutants, Cross-Sectional Studies, Thyroid Hormones, Thyrotropin, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Environmental Pollutants toxicity, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Fluorocarbons toxicity
- Abstract
Introduction: Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) having numerous toxicological properties, including thyroid endocrine disruption. Our aim was to assess the impact of POPs on thyroid hormones among 12-year-old children, while taking puberty into consideration., Methods: Exposure to 7 PCBs, 4 OCPs, and 6 PFASs (in µg/L), and free tri-iodothyronine (fT3, pg/mL), free thyroxine (fT4, ng/dL), and thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH, mIU/L) were assessed through blood-serum measurements at age 12 years in 249 boys and 227 girls of the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France). Pubertal status was clinically rated using the Tanner stages. For each POP, associations were estimated using linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders., Results: Among boys, hexachlorobenzene and perfluorodecanoic acid were associated with decreased fT3 (log-scale; β [95% confidence interval] = -0.07 [-0.12,-0.02] and β = -0.03 [-0.06,-0.00], respectively). Intermediate levels of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and PCB180 were associated, respectively, with increased and decreased fT4. After stratification on pubertal status, PCBs and OCPs were associated with decreased TSH only in the more advanced Tanner stages (3-5) and with decreased fT3 among early Tanner stages (1-2). Among girls, PFHxS was associated with decreased TSH (log-scale; β = -0.15 [-0.29,-0.00]), and perfluorooctanoic acid was associated with decreased fT3 (β2nd_tercile = -0.06 [-0.10,-0.03] and β3rd_tercile = -0.04 [-0.08,-0.00], versus. 1st tercile)., Discussion: This cross-sectional study highlights associations between some POPs and thyroid function disruption, which appears consistent with the literature. Considering that the associations were sex-specific and moderated by pubertal status in boys, complex endocrine interactions are likely involved., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2023
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35. Use and storage of pesticides at home in France (the Pesti'home survey 2014).
- Author
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Tessier N, Boissonnot R, Desvignes V, Fröchen M, Merlo M, Blanchard O, Chevrier C, Guldner L, Mandin C, Yamada O, and Volatier JL
- Subjects
- Child, Adult, Animals, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Adolescent, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Environmental Exposure analysis, Housing, Permethrin, Pesticides analysis, Insecticides
- Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have raised health concerns following the chronic exposure of pregnant women and children to pesticides in the domestic environment. In France very little is known about potential exposure to pesticides at home. An observational study called Pesti'home was carried out in continental France between July and November 2014. The residential use of pesticides was investigated and an inventory of pesticides and active ingredients used and stored at home was drawn up. Plant protection products, biocides, and human and animal external pest control products were listed during face-to-face interviews. A random sample of households including at least one adult (18-79 years old) was selected following a two-stage stratified random sampling method using the national census database. Within each household, an adult was appointed to answer survey questions. Data related to the interviewee's sociodemographic and housing characteristics, the reported use of pesticides at home, and a visual inventory of all stored pesticides were collected. Overall, 1507 households participated. The participation rate was between 36% and 57% according to the definition chosen. Over the previous 12 months, 75% of households declared that they had used at least one pesticide. Households who used and stored at least one product most frequently used an insecticide (84%). The active ingredients most frequently used by these households as insecticides were pyrethroids, namely tetramethrin and permethrin. The Pesti'home survey collected detailed data on the residential use of pesticides for risk assessment at national and European levels., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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36. Spatiotemporal trends in human semen quality.
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Auger J, Eustache F, Chevrier C, and Jégou B
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Sperm Count, Sperm Motility, Spermatozoa, Semen, Semen Analysis
- Abstract
Over the past four decades, studies of various designs have reported spatial and temporal trends in human semen quality. Several standardized-methodology studies in homogeneous populations that compare specific cities within a country or a continent provide clear evidence of geographical differences in sperm production, even over short distances within the same country. Human sperm production is widely believed to be declining over time, but evidence from the scientific literature is less clear. Studies based on repeated cross-sectional data from a single centre have shown mixed results. Among the numerous retrospective studies conducted in a single centre, only some included homogeneous groups of men and appropriate methods, and most of them suggest a temporal decrease in human sperm production in the geographical areas considered. Conclusions reporting temporal trends in sperm production that came from existing retrospective multicentre studies based on individual semen data and those using means, medians or estimates of sperm production are questionable, owing to intrinsic limitations in the studies performed. Regardless of study design, studies on the percentage of motile or morphologically normal spermatozoa are still limited by the inherent variability in assessment. Overall, available data do not enable us to conclude that human semen quality is deteriorating worldwide or in the Western world, but that a trend is observed in some specific areas. To understand these trends and contrasts in sperm and semen quality, prospective studies should be encouraged and combined with assessment of the male exposome., (© 2022. Springer Nature Limited.)
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- 2022
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37. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and autism spectrum disorders in 11-year-old children in the French PELAGIE cohort.
- Author
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Lizé M, Monfort C, Rouget F, Limon G, Durand G, Tillaut H, and Chevrier C
- Subjects
- Acetylcholinesterase, Child, Diazinon, Female, Humans, Male, Organophosphorus Compounds toxicity, Organophosphorus Compounds urine, Pregnancy, Autism Spectrum Disorder chemically induced, Autism Spectrum Disorder epidemiology, Chlorpyrifos urine, Insecticides toxicity, Insecticides urine, Pesticides toxicity, Pesticides urine, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects chemically induced, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides act by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity at synaptic junctions and have already been linked with deleterious effects on neurodevelopment, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD)., Objectives: To investigate the association of prenatal exposure to OP pesticides with traits related to ASD in 11-year-old children., Methods: The "Childhood Autism Spectrum Test" (CAST) parent questionnaire was used to screen for autistic traits in 792 children from the French PELAGIE cohort. Prenatal maternal urine samples were collected <19 weeks of gestation in which metabolites of organophosphate insecticides were assessed for 185 of them. Negative binomial regression models were performed to explore the association between the CAST score and 8 groups of urine components, adjusted for potential ASD risk factors., Results: In these urine samples, dialkylphosphates (DAP) were detected most often (>80%), terbufos and its metabolites least often (<10%). No association with ASD was found for DAP, terbufos or its metabolites. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) increased with maternal urinary diazinon concentrations, from 1.11 (95% CI: 0.87-1.42) to 1.17 (95% CI: 0.94-1.46). Higher CAST scores were statistically significantly associated with the maternal urine samples in which chlorpyrifos or two of its metabolites (chlorpyrifos-oxon and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) were detected. The IRR for exposure to chlorpyrifos or chlorpyrifos-oxon was 1.27 (95%CI: 1.05-1.52) among all children, and 1.39 (95%CI: 1.07-1.82) among boys., Conclusion: These findings suggest an increase in autistic traits among 11-year-old children in association with prenatal maternal exposure to chlorpyrifos and possibly diazinon. These associations were previously suspected in the literature, in particular for chlorpyrifos. Further work establishing the causal mechanisms behind these risk association is needed., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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38. Role of land use and land cover in residential exposures to agricultural pesticide models.
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Vannier C, Chevrier C, and Hubert-Moy L
- Subjects
- Agriculture, Humans, Pesticides
- Abstract
Exposure of the general population to pesticides, especially in agricultural areas, is a major public health concern. This review analyses the role of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) in Residential Exposure to Agricultural Pesticides (REAP) and how it is measured and modelled. Some epidemiological studies have shown that basic LULC variables, such as distance to a crop and field size, are relevant for explaining REAP. However, the potential of LULC mitigation elements, such as vegetation barriers, grassy strips and buffer zones, to mitigate REAP has been poorly studied. The availability of recent low-cost and high-quality geospatial data enables REAP models to include alternative and more precise LULC variables. This review also highlights the need for (i) generic environmental sampling protocols, (ii) exposure and spraying datasets and (iii) assessment of the mitigation capacity of LULC to improve REAP modelling significantly.
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- 2022
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39. Comprehensive Evaluation of Blood Plasma and Serum Sample Preparations for HRMS-Based Chemical Exposomics: Overlaps and Specificities.
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Chaker J, Kristensen DM, Halldorsson TI, Olsen SF, Monfort C, Chevrier C, Jégou B, and David A
- Subjects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Chromatography, Liquid, Humans, Plasma, Solid Phase Extraction methods, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods
- Abstract
Sample preparation of biological samples can have a substantial impact on the coverage of small molecules detectable using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). This initial step is particularly critical for the detection of externally derived chemicals and their metabolites (internal chemical exposome) generally present at trace levels. Hence, our objective was to investigate how blood sample preparation methods affect the detection of low-abundant chemicals and to propose alternative methods to improve the coverage of the internal chemical exposome. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of 12 sample preparation methods (SPM) using phospholipid and protein removal plates (PLR), solid phase extraction plates (SPE), supported liquid extraction cartridge (SLE), and conventionally used protein precipitation (PPT). We implemented new quantitative and qualitative criteria for nontargeted analyses (detection frequency, recoveries, repeatability, matrix effect, low-level spiking significance, method detection limits, throughput, and ease of use) to amply characterize these SPM in a step-by-step-type approach. As a final step, PPT and one PLR plate were applied to cohort plasma and serum samples injected in triplicate to monitor batch repeatability, and annotation was performed on the related data sets to compare the respective impacts of these SPM. We demonstrate that sample preparation significantly affects both the range of observable compounds and the level at which they can be observed (only 43%-54% of total features are overlapping between the two SPM). We propose to use PPT and PLR on the same samples by implementing a simple analytical workflow as their complementarity would allow the broadening of the visible chemical space.
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- 2022
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40. Advancing tools for human early lifecourse exposome research and translation (ATHLETE): Project overview.
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Vrijheid M, Basagaña X, Gonzalez JR, Jaddoe VWV, Jensen G, Keun HC, McEachan RRC, Porcel J, Siroux V, Swertz MA, Thomsen C, Aasvang GM, Andrušaitytė S, Angeli K, Avraam D, Ballester F, Burton P, Bustamante M, Casas M, Chatzi L, Chevrier C, Cingotti N, Conti D, Crépet A, Dadvand P, Duijts L, van Enckevort E, Esplugues A, Fossati S, Garlantezec R, Gómez Roig MD, Grazuleviciene R, Gützkow KB, Guxens M, Haakma S, Hessel EVS, Hoyles L, Hyde E, Klanova J, van Klaveren JD, Kortenkamp A, Le Brusquet L, Leenen I, Lertxundi A, Lertxundi N, Lionis C, Llop S, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Lyon-Caen S, Maitre L, Mason D, Mathy S, Mazarico E, Nawrot T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Ortiz R, Pedersen M, Perelló J, Pérez-Cruz M, Philippat C, Piler P, Pizzi C, Quentin J, Richiardi L, Rodriguez A, Roumeliotaki T, Sabin Capote JM, Santiago L, Santos S, Siskos AP, Strandberg-Larsen K, Stratakis N, Sunyer J, Tenenhaus A, Vafeiadi M, Wilson RC, Wright J, Yang T, and Slama R
- Abstract
Early life stages are vulnerable to environmental hazards and present important windows of opportunity for lifelong disease prevention. This makes early life a relevant starting point for exposome studies. The Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project aims to develop a toolbox of exposome tools and a Europe-wide exposome cohort that will be used to systematically quantify the effects of a wide range of community- and individual-level environmental risk factors on mental, cardiometabolic, and respiratory health outcomes and associated biological pathways, longitudinally from early pregnancy through to adolescence. Exposome tool and data development include as follows: (1) a findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data infrastructure for early life exposome cohort data, including 16 prospective birth cohorts in 11 European countries; (2) targeted and nontargeted approaches to measure a wide range of environmental exposures (urban, chemical, physical, behavioral, social); (3) advanced statistical and toxicological strategies to analyze complex multidimensional exposome data; (4) estimation of associations between the exposome and early organ development, health trajectories, and biological (metagenomic, metabolomic, epigenetic, aging, and stress) pathways; (5) intervention strategies to improve early life urban and chemical exposomes, co-produced with local communities; and (6) child health impacts and associated costs related to the exposome. Data, tools, and results will be assembled in an openly accessible toolbox, which will provide great opportunities for researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders, beyond the duration of the project. ATHLETE's results will help to better understand and prevent health damage from environmental exposures and their mixtures from the earliest parts of the life course onward., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with regard to the content of this report., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The Environmental Epidemiology. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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