Search

Summary: Understanding the capacity of temperate trees to acclimate to limited soil water has become essential in the face of increasing drought risk due to climate change. We documented seasonal – or phenological – patterns in acclimation to water deficit stress in stems and leaves of tree species spanning the angiosperm phylogeny.Over 3 yr of field observations carried out in two US arboreta, we measured stem vulnerability to embolism (36 individuals of 7 Species) and turgor loss point (119 individuals of 27 species) over the growing season. We also conducted a growth chamber experiment on 20 individuals of one species to assess the mechanistic relationship between soil water restriction and acclimation.In three‐quarters of species measured, plants became less vulnerable to embolism and/or loss of turgor over the growing season. We were able to stimulate this acclimatory effect by withholding water in the growth chamber experiment.Temperate angiosperms are capable of acclimation to soil water deficit stress, showing maximum vulnerability to soil water deficits following budbreak and becoming more resilient to damage over the course of the growing season or in response to simulated drought. The species‐specific tempo and extent of this acclimatory potential constitutes preadaptive climate change resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Soccer is an intermittent team sport that demands high aerobic capacity. On field, soccer players' aerobic capacity, assessed through the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), is usually determined by an intermittent recovery test. The aim of this study was to obtain a construct validity of a new intermittent recovery test (IRT) with a fixed speed and a progressive decrement of rest period., Methods: Twenty-five male soccer players were recruited to perform an incremental continuous test (ICT) and the new IRT, to compare their physiological data. Fifteen male soccer players were involved to perform a test-retest of IRT to assess its reliability., Results: VEpeak, absolute VO2max, relative VO2max and VCO2peak registered during ICT and IRT correlated strongly (Pearson's correlation coefficient ranges from 0.75 to 0.80, with very large as magnitude of effects and with P<0.001). IRT showed reliability from good to excellent regarding VEpeak, absolute VO2max, relative VO2max, VCO2peak and covered distance (ICC values ranged from 0.82 to 0.95)., Conclusions: These findings and its underlying physiological and muscular demands, suggest that IRT can be considered as a valid and reliable test to assess aerobic capacity in soccer players during the competitive period.