29 results on '"Cavallo, E."'
Search Results
2. LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics reveals biochemical mechanisms of Paspalum fasciculatum tolerance to Pb-stress
- Author
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SALAS-MORENO, M., primary, CASTILLEJO, M.Á., additional, LÓPEZ-HIDALGO, C., additional, MARRUGO-NEGRETE, J., additional, RODRÍGUEZ-CAVALLO, E., additional, MENDEZ-CUADRO, D., additional, and JORRÍN-NOVO, J., additional
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- 2022
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3. Progetto MAGA (Macchina A Guida Autonoma a propulsione elettrica)Deliverable WP6, Task 3 Prove in ambiente reale
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Cavallo E, Pampuro N., and Bagagiolo G.
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agricoltura ,serra ,guida autonoma ,robot - Abstract
Il WP 6 del Progetto si articola in tre task: 1. Messa a punto ambiente dedicato presso CNR STEMS (fino al 30/09/2020 IMAMOTER) 2. Test in ambiente dedicato 3. Test in ambiente reale Il programma del progetto prevede che le attività siano condotte da personale CNR con la collaborazione (in fase di test) di personale Smartec che si occuperà di garantire il funzionamento del prototipo, di riparare eventuali danneggiamenti e di analizzare eventuali malfunzionamenti. La relazione riassume i risultati della sperimentazione prevista nel tasl 6.3 del veicolo a guida autonoma nell'ambiente reale dell'Az. Agricola Grandi Luigi di Grigliasco (TO)
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- 2022
4. Progetto MAGA (Macchina A Guida Autonoma a propulsione elettrica)Deliverable WP6, Task 2 Prove in ambiente dedicato
- Author
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Cavallo E. and Pampuro N. Bagagiolo G.
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agricoltura ,serra ,guida autonoma ,robot - Abstract
Il WP 6 del Progetto si articola in tre task: 1. Messa a punto ambiente dedicato presso CNR STEMS (fino al 30/09/2020 IMAMOTER) 2. Test in ambiente dedicato 3. Test in ambiente reale Il programma del progetto prevede che le attività siano condotte da personale CNR con la collaborazione (in fase di test) di personale Smartec che si occuperà di garantire il funzionamento del prototipo, di riparare eventuali danneggiamenti e di analizzare eventuali malfunzionamenti. La relazione riassume i risultati della sperimentazione prevista nel tasl 6.2 del veicolo a guida autonoma nell'ambiente dedicato (tunnel) realizzato presso la sede di Torino di STEMS
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- 2022
5. LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics reveals biochemical mechanisms of Paspalum fasciculatum tolerance to Pb-stress.
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SALAS-MORENO, M., CASTILLEJO, M. Á., LÓPEZ-HIDALGO, C., MARRUGO-NEGRETE, J., RODRÍGUEZ-CAVALLO, E., MENDEZ-CUADRO, D., and JORRÍN-NOVO, J.
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LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry ,TANDEM mass spectrometry ,ENERGY metabolism ,PROTEOMICS ,METABOLISM - Abstract
Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flüggé grows in mining soils which are Cd- and Pb-contaminated where it exhibits tolerance to Pb and the ability to extract Pb from these soils. To elucidate tolerance mechanisms to Pb-stress, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to quantify changes in the accumulation of proteins in leaves. We identified 323 proteins involved in primary metabolism and response to biotic or abiotic stresses. Although proteins involved in the processes of photosynthesis and saccharide and energy metabolism presented the greatest amount of down-regulated proteins, the plant was able to maintain photosynthetic functions and obtain energy to sustain the vital balance. P. fasciculatum based their tolerance on increased antioxidant defenses, improving the protection and repair of proteins and transduction signals to coordinate physiological response to Pb-stress. Our results provide important information to understand the tolerance mechanisms in P. fasciculatum and could be important in future molecular studies on the resistance and accumulation of Pb in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Promoting farming sustainability: The effects of age, training, history of accidents and social-psychological variables on the adoption of on-farm safety behaviors
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Caffaro, Federica, Roccato, Michele, de Paolis, Giulia, Micheletti Cremasco, Margherita, Cavallo, Eugenio, Caffaro, F., Roccato, M., de Paolis, G., Micheletti Cremasco, M., Cavallo, E., Caffaro, Federica, Roccato, Michele, de Paolis, Giulia, Micheletti Cremasco, Margherita, and Cavallo, Eugenio
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Safety training ,Farmers ,Farms ,Sustainable agriculture ,Italy ,Near misses ,Occupational safety ,Theory of Planned Behavior ,Agriculture ,Building and Construction ,Farm ,Accidents, Occupational ,Humans ,Near misse ,Workplace ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Human - Abstract
Introduction: Occupational safety and health (OSH) have a remarkable impact on the sustainability of firms and organizations. However, the sustainability perspective has often focused primarily on environmental and economic concerns, leaving key social and workplace aspects, such as OSH, underemphasized. The link between all these aspects is particularly relevant in agriculture. Method: In the present study we analyzed the paths by which the worker's age, participation in safety training, and previous history of accidents and near misses can influence the adoption of safety behaviors in agriculture through the mediation of attitudes towards safety and perceived behavioral control. Three hundred and ten Italian agricultural operators were administered an ad-hoc questionnaire. Results: Having attended safety training courses, having been exposed to previous accidents and near misses, and age showed a positive association with the adoption of on-farm safety behaviors, through the mediation of perceived behavioral control. In more detail, participation in training courses and age showed a positive association with perceived behavioral control, while the previous history of accidents and near misses showed a negative association with behavioral control. In turn, perceived behavioral control was positively associated with the adoption of safety behaviors. Conclusions: The present study focused on the chain of events leading to the adoption of on-farm safety behaviors, which can prevent an accidents, pointing out the more critical variables and the level at which they intervene, identifying possible areas of targeted interventions. Practical applications: Implications for the development of targeted interventions may deal with: (a) training activities increasing farm operators’ sense of control over their safety, (b) older farmers involvement in mentoring initiatives, and (c) systematic recording and use of previous history of accidents and near misses as inputs for training activities to discuss their implications for on-farm safety.
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- 2022
7. A Contribution to Environmental Protection Through the Valorisation of Kitchen Biowaste
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Carlo Greco, Antonio Comparetti, Santo Orlando, Michele Massimo Mammano, Biocca, M, Cavallo, E, Cecchini, M, Failla, S, Romano, E, Greco C., Comparetti A., Orlando S., and Mammano M.M.
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Anaerobic Digestion ,Digestate ,Bioga ,Renewable Energy Sources ,Organic waste ,Circular bioeconomy - Abstract
The worldwide interest in Renewable Energy Sources (RES) is gathering momentum. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) process is steadily growing, as more people are setting up bioreactors in order to produce biogas and digestate. AD process is the fermentation of solid biowaste in the absence of oxygen and is zero emission, i.e. it is CO2 neutral. The aim of this work is to test HomeBiogas 2.0, i.e. a revolutionary equipment that used the kitchen biowaste from the canteen of the agricultural institute of Marsala (Trapani, Italy). This equipment works as a continuous flow bioreactor: the waste is fed in one end, while biogas and digestate come out from the other. The process continuously took place at an average temperature of 18℃ ca. The liquid digestate was sanitised by running through three chlorine tablets, in order to reduce the amount of active bacteria in this effluent. Therefore, the digestate was immediately used as a liquid biofertiliser for the soilless cultivation of tomato, strawberry, aubergine and pepper plants, inside a greenhouse. HomeBiogas 2.0 had a disposal capacity of 1.7 t of organic waste per year, equal to approximately 4.8kg per day. During the testing period, this equipment produced 525 L of biogas and 7.78 L of liquid digestate per day. Sicily and the other islands of Mediterranean Sea are optimal environments for the operation of the tested equipment, that is an example of circular bioeconomy implementation.
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- 2022
8. Design, Manufacturing, and Strength Test of a 4-post ROPS Fitted on a Very Low-Profile Tractor (TRACLAS Project)
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Domenico Pessina, Davide Facchinetti, Francesco Santoro, Pierluigi Febo, Santo Orlando, Danilo Monarca, Massimo Cecchini, Maurizio Cutini, Davide Gattamelata, Vincenzo Laurendi, Simone Pascuzzi, Biocca, M, Cavallo, E, Cecchini, M, Failla, S, Romano, E, Pessina D., Facchinetti D., Santoro F., Febo P., Orlando S., Monarca D., Cecchini M., Cutini M., Gattamelata D., Laurendi V., and Pascuzzi S.
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Agricultural work safety ,Settore AGR/09 - Meccanica Agraria ,Tractor overturning ,Orchard and greenhouse ,Vineyard ,Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) - Abstract
To improve the safety level when agricultural tractors work on slope under canopy, INAIL (the Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work) funded a research project, named TRACLAS, devoted to set-up a prototype of low-profile compact tractor, not exceeding 1.60m overall height, equipped with a 4-post ROPS (RollOver Protective Structure). After the complete set-up of the prototype, some field and lab tests were carried out to compare its performance with those of some comparable tractor models already on the market, used in vineyards, orchards and greenhouses. A basic step of the TRACLAS project was the execution of the strength test of the customized 4-post frame (the ROPS) carried out in compliance with the OECD Code 4. The main features concerning the design, the manufacturing and the validation test of the ROPS are reported in this paper. The low-profile compact tractor prototype was obtained starting from a Goldoni E100 commercial tractor. The 4-post ROPS was tested successfully, being able to fully satisfy the desired requirement, i.e., the protection of the clearance zone, located with reference to the tractor driving place (operator’s seat and steering-wheel) during all the loads provided by the official procedure.
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- 2022
9. Safety in Hazelnut Mechanical Harvesting
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Catania P., Alleri M., Roma E., Vallone M., Biocca, M, Cavallo, E, Cecchini, M, Failla, S, Romano, E, Catania P., Alleri M., Roma E., and Vallone M.
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Working capacity ,Settore AGR/09 - Meccanica Agraria ,Health risk ,Working productivity - Abstract
Hazelnut cultivation occupies an area of about 13,000 ha in Sicily, 10,000 of which are concentrated in the province of Messina, specifically in the pedo-mountain municipalities of the Nebrodi. These are heterogeneous plants by cultivar and planting time. To date, the hazelnut represents a scarcely mechanized marginal crop, with a characteristic training system as the multi stemmed bush. The harvest takes place as soon as the hazelnuts reach maturity and detach from the herbaceous dome that surrounds them falling to the ground. Before harvesting, swathing is carried out by hand using rakes, or facilitated by backpack blowers, or mechanically by means of a swather or with a tractor-mounted blowing tubes. Harvesting is done by hand directly from the ground, with implications for the health of the operators; it requires a high need for manpower, difficult to find. Labor productivity remains very low (10kg/h per worker). The aim of the research was to study the mechanization of hazelnut harvesting in the Sicilian environment.
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- 2022
10. Production of resistant starches via citric acid modification: Effects of reaction conditions on chemical structure and final properties.
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Cavallo E, Tupa Valencia MV, Rossi E, Errea MI, and Foresti ML
- Abstract
Aiming to contribute to the current knowledge on the impact of reaction conditions on the chemical structure and target properties of starch citrates, in the current contribution different corn starch citrates were prepared by manipulation of reaction time, temperature and citric acid concentration. Modified starches were characterized in terms of chemical structure, morphology, crystallinity, swelling power and resistant starch content. For the first time, total substitution, crosslinking and monosubstitution degrees were quantitatively determined; and the relationship among final chemical structure, reaction conditions and target starch citrates properties was comprehensively analyzed. Products with total substitution values in the range of 0.075-0.24, crosslinking degrees in the 0.005-0.11 interval, and monosubstitution extents within the 0.05-0.12 range, were produced. By proper selection of reaction conditions products with almost 100 % of resistant starch were obtained. Results evidenced that starch citrates properties (mainly swelling power and RS content) depend on both chemical structure and the reaction conditions employed. Actually, the reaction temperature set (120 °C or 150 °C) proved to play a determinant role in the final products properties as evidenced from starch citrates with similar chemical structure and substantially different swelling and digestibility properties., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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11. Current Applications and Future Perspectives of Artificial and Biomimetic Intelligence in Vascular Surgery and Peripheral Artery Disease.
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Martelli E, Capoccia L, Di Francesco M, Cavallo E, Pezzulla MG, Giudice G, Bauleo A, Coppola G, and Panagrosso M
- Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) made its first appearance in 1956, and since then it has progressively introduced itself in healthcare systems and patients' information and care. AI functions can be grouped under the following headings: Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Computer Vision (CV). Biomimetic intelligence (BI) applies the principles of systems of nature to create biological algorithms, such as genetic and neural network, to be used in different scenarios. Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents the last stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and has increased over recent years, together with the rise in prevalence of diabetes and population ageing. Nowadays, AI and BI grant the possibility of developing new diagnostic and treatment solutions in the vascular field, given the possibility of accessing clinical, biological, and imaging data. By assessing the vascular anatomy in every patient, as well as the burden of atherosclerosis, and classifying the level and degree of disease, sizing and planning the best endovascular treatment, defining the perioperative complications risk, integrating experiences and resources between different specialties, identifying latent PAD, thus offering evidence-based solutions and guiding surgeons in the choice of the best surgical technique, AI and BI challenge the role of the physician's experience in PAD treatment.
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- 2024
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12. Gingival Enlargement Associated with Orthodontics Appliance Increases Protein Carbonylation and Alters Phosphorylation of Salivary Proteome.
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Lopez Arrieta Z, Rodríguez-Cavallo E, and Méndez-Cuadro D
- Abstract
Gingival enlargement is a common clinical sign in the gingival diseases associated with orthodontic treatment. Its biological mechanisms are not completely understood; nevertheless, the biochemical changes associated with these inflammatory and overgrowth processes could alter the post-translational protein modifications occurring in various locations within the mouth. Here, changes in the profiles of the carbonylated and phosphorylated proteins in saliva were examined in donors with gingival enlargement (seven men and seven women) and healthy donors (six men and eight women). The sociodemographic characteristics of both groups did not present significant differences. Carbonylation was measured by a quantitative immunoassay (Dot Blot), whereas the profiles of the phosphorylated proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE with quercetin staining. Some phosphopeptides were also identified using a typical LC-MS-MS approach. Our results showed that gingival enlargement induced a significant increase in oxidative damage in salivary proteins. While a significant reduction in phosphorylation was observed at the stain level in SDS-PAGE, there was a slight increase in the number of phosphorylated proteins identified by MS in samples with gingival enlargement.
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- 2024
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13. Molecular dynamics of structural effects of reactive carbonyl species derivate of lipid peroxidation on bovine serum albumin.
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Pineda-Alemán R, Cabarcas-Herrera C, Alviz-Amador A, Galindo-Murillo R, Pérez-Gonzalez H, Rodríguez-Cavallo E, and Méndez-Cuadro D
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- Animals, Cattle, Malondialdehyde metabolism, Malondialdehyde chemistry, Protein Conformation, Serum Albumin, Bovine chemistry, Serum Albumin, Bovine metabolism, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Lipid Peroxidation, Aldehydes chemistry, Aldehydes metabolism, Protein Carbonylation
- Abstract
Background: Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in the Mammalia blood plasma at where plays a decisive role in the transport wide variety of hydrophobic ligands. BSA undergoes oxidative modifications like the carbonylation by the reactive carbonyl species (RCSs) 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), 4 hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE), among others. The structural and functional changes induced by protein carbonylation have been associated with the advancement of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic and cancer diseases., Methods: To elucidate structural effects of protein carbonylation with RCSs on BSA, parameters for six new non-standard amino acids were designated and molecular dynamics simulations of its mono‑carbonylated-BSA systems were conducted in the AMBER force field. Trajectories were evaluated by RMSD, RMSF, PCA, RoG and SASA analysis., Results: An increase in the conformational instability for all proteins modified with local changes were observed, without significant changes on the BSA global three-dimensional folding. A more relaxed compaction level and major solvent accessible surface area for modified systems was found. Four regions of high molecular fluctuation were identified in all modified systems, being the subdomains IA and IIIB those with the most remarkable local conformational changes. Regarding essential modes of domain movements, it was evidenced that the most representatives were those related to IA subdomain, while IIIB subdomain presented discrete changes., Conclusions: RCSs induces local structural changes on mono‑carbonylated BSA. Also, this study extends our knowledge on how carbonylation by RCSs induce structural effects on proteins., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dario Mendez-Cuadro reports financial support was provided by Colombia Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation. Dario Mendez-Cuadro reports financial support was provided by University of Cartagena. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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14. Synthesizing Amino Acids Modified with Reactive Carbonyls in Silico to Assess Structural Effects Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations.
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Pineda-Alemán R, Cabarcas-Herrera C, Alviz-Amador A, Pérez-Gonzalez H, Rodríguez-Cavallo E, and Méndez-Cuadro D
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- Malondialdehyde chemistry, Malondialdehyde metabolism, Protein Carbonylation, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Amino Acids chemistry, Amino Acids metabolism, Aldehydes chemistry
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Protein carbonylation by reactive aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation leads to cross-linking, oligomerization, and aggregation of proteins, causing intracellular damage, impaired cell functions, and, ultimately, cell death. It has been described in aging and several age-related chronic conditions. However, the basis of structural changes related to the loss of function in protein targets is still not well understood. Hence, a route to the in silico construction of new parameters for amino acids carbonylated with reactive carbonyl species derived from fatty acid oxidation is described. The Michael adducts for Cys, His, and Lys with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), and a furan ring form for 4-Oxo-2-nonenal (ONE), were built, while malondialdehyde (MDA) was directly attached to each residue. The protocol describes details for the construction, geometry optimization, assignment of charges, missing bonds, angles, dihedral angles parameters, and its validation for each modified residue structure. As a result, structural effects induced by the carbonylation with these lipid derivatives have been measured by molecular dynamics simulations on different protein systems such as the thioredoxin enzyme, bovine serum albumin and the membrane Zu-5-ankyrin domain employing root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), structural secondary prediction (DSSP) and the solvent-accessible surface area analysis (SASA), among others.
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- 2024
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15. Discordance of Biomarker Expression Profile between Primary Breast Cancer and Synchronous Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Preoperative Core Needle Biopsy.
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Marletta S, Giorlandino A, Cavallo E, Dello Spedale Venti M, Leone G, Tranchina MG, Gullotti L, Bonanno CL, Spoto G, Falzone G, Tornabene I, Trovato C, Baron MM, Di Mauro G, Falsaperna L, Angelico G, Pafumi S, and Rizzo A
- Abstract
Background : Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease made up of clones with different metastatic potential. Intratumoral heterogeneity may cause metastases to show divergent biomarker expression, potentially affecting chemotherapy response. Methods : We investigated the immunohistochemical (IHC) and FISH profile of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone (PR) receptors, Ki67, and HER2 in a series of BC-matched primary tumors (PTs) and axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases in pre-operative core needle biopsies (CNBs). Phenotypical findings were correlated to morphological features and their clinical implications. Results : Divergent expression between PTs and ALNs was found in 10% of the tumors, often involving multiple biomarkers (12/31, 39%). Most (52%) displayed significant differences in ER and PR staining. HER2 divergences were observed in almost three-quarters of the cases (23/31, 74%), with five (16%) switching from negativity to overexpression/amplification in ALNs. Roughly 90% of disparities reflected significant morphological differences between PTs and ALN metastases. Less than half of the discrepancies (12/31, 39%) modified pre/post-operative treatment options. Conclusions : We observed relevant discrepancies in biomarker expression between PTs and metastatic ALNs in a noteworthy proportion (10%) of preoperative BC CNBs, which were often able to influence therapies. Hence, our data suggest routine preoperative assessment of biomarkers in both PTs and ALNs in cases showing significant morphological differences.
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- 2024
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16. "Estimating soil surface roughness by proximal sensing for soil erosion modeling implementation at field scale".
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Matranga G, Palazzi F, Leanza A, Milella A, Reina G, Cavallo E, and Biddoccu M
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- Soil Erosion, Reproducibility of Results, Farms, Soil, Agriculture methods
- Abstract
Soil Surface Roughness (SSR) is a physical feature of soil microtopography, which is strongly influenced by tillage practices and plays a key role in hydrological and soil erosion processes. Therefore, surface roughness indices are required when using models to estimate soil erosion rates, where tabular values or direct measurements can be used. Field measurements often imply out-of-date and time-consuming methods, such as the pin meter and the roller chain, providing inaccurate indices. A novel technique for SSR measurement has been adopted, employing an RGB-Depth camera to produce a small-scale Digital Elevation Model of the soil surface, in order to extrapolate roughness indices. Canopy cover coverage (CC) of the cover crop was also detected from the camera's images. The values obtained for SSR and CC indices were implemented in the MMF (Morgan-Morgan-Finney) model, to validate the reliability of the proposed methodology by comparing the models' results for sediment yields with long-term soil erosion measurements in sloping vineyards in NW Italy. The performance of the model in predicting soil losses was satisfactory to good for a vineyard plot with inter-rows managed with recurrent tillage, and it was improved using spatialized soil roughness input data with respect to a uniform value. Performance for plot with permanent ground cover was not so good, however it was also improved using spatialized data. The measured values were also useful to obtain C-factor for RUSLE application, to be used instead of tabular values., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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17. Cysteine carbonylation with reactive carbonyl species from lipid peroxidation induce local structural changes on thioredoxin active site.
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Pineda-Alemán R, Alviz-Amador A, Galindo-Murillo R, Pérez-González H, Rodríguez-Cavallo E, and Méndez-Cuadro D
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- Animals, Lipid Peroxidation, Catalytic Domain, Aldehydes chemistry, Thioredoxins chemistry, Mammals metabolism, Cysteine metabolism, Proteomics
- Abstract
Protein oxidative modifications with reactive carbonyl species (RCS) is directly linked to metabolic processes in premature aging, cancer, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. RCS as 4-Hydroxy-2-nonal (HNE), 4-Hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), 4-Oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) attack nucleophilic amino acids residues forming irreversible adducts with proteins as Thioredoxins (Trx). This is a class of small thiol oxide-reductases playing a key role in redox signaling and oxidative stress responses in mammals. Although proteomic studies have identified to Cys-32 residue as a target of HNE attack that inhibit its enzymatic activity, how this carbonylation affects its structure and dynamic behavior at the atomic level is unknown. Even more, the molecular bases for the atomistic behavior of these modified proteins have not been completely understood. We present molecular dynamics simulations of Trx-modified with four different RCS to analyze its global and local structural effects. For this, parameters supported in the AMBER force fields were built and validated for three non-natural cysteine residues modified with HHE, ONE and MDA. Results obtained showed a slight change in the global conformational stability of Trx modified with HNE and MDA, establishing that all modified proteins presented local regions of high mobility in the modified catalytic site and some regions far from the modification area. In addition, essential domain movement modes evidences that proteins modified with the RCS assayed induce changes in conformational flexibility. Finally, these data showed that the given conformational changes did not caused global changes in proteins but rather localized changes in particular regions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dario Mendez-Cuadro reports financial support was provided by Colombia Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation. Dario Mendez-Cuadro reports financial support was provided by University of Cartagena. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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18. Central venous pressure and dynamic indices to assess fluid appropriateness in critically ill patients: A pilot study.
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Prezioso C, Trotta R, Cavallo E, Fusina F, Malpetti E, Albani F, Caserta R, Rosano A, and Natalini G
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- Humans, Pilot Projects, Fluid Therapy, Blood Pressure, Carbon Dioxide, Critical Illness therapy
- Abstract
Background: The correct identification of the appropriateness of fluid administration is important for the treatment of critically ill patients. Static and dynamic indices used to identify fluid responsiveness have been developed throughout the years, nonetheless fluid responsiveness does not indicate that fluid administration is appropriate, and indexes to evaluate appropriateness of fluid administration are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate if central venous pressure (CVP) anddynamic indices could correctly identify fluid appropriateness for critically ill patients., Methods: Data from 31 ICU patients, for a total of 53 observations, was included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on the appropriateness of fluid administration. Fluid appropriateness was defined in presence of a low cardiac index (< 2.5 l/min/m2) without any sign of fluid overload, as assessed by global end-diastolic volume index, extravascular lung water index or pulmonary artery occlusion pressure., Results: For 10 patients, fluid administration was deemed appropriate, while for 21 patients it was deemed inappropriate. Central venous pressure was not different between the two cohorts (mean CVP 11 (4) mmHg in the fluid inappropriate group, 12 (4) mmHg in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.58). The same is true for pulse pressure variation (median PPV 5 [2, 9] % in the fluid inappropriate group, 4 [3, 13] % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.57), for inferior vena cava distensibility (mean inferior vena cava distensibility 24 (14) % in the fluid inappropriate group, 22 (16) % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.75) and for changes in end tidal carbon dioxide during a passive leg raising test (median d.ETCO2 1.5 [0.0, 2.0]% in the fluid inappropriate group, 1.0 [0.0, 2.0] % in the fluid appropriate group, p 0.98). There was no association between static and dynamic indices and fluid appropriateness., Conclusions: Central venous pressure, pulse pressure variation, changes in end tidal carbon dioxide during a passive leg raising test, inferior vena cava distensibility were not associated with fluid appropriateness in our cohorts., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Prezioso et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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- 2023
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19. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Patients Are Prescribed Fewer Opioids at Discharge: A Propensity-score Matched Analysis.
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Maurer LR, El Moheb M, Cavallo E, Antonelli DM, Linov P, Bird S, Faulkner HR, Del Carmen M, Qadan M, Ferrone CR, Kaafarani HMA, Sisodia R, and Ellis DB
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- Humans, Female, Analgesics, Opioid therapeutic use, Patient Discharge, Aftercare, Pain, Postoperative drug therapy, Morphine Derivatives, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Opioid-Related Disorders
- Abstract
Objective: We aimed to compare discharge opioid prescriptions pre- and post-ERAS implementation., Summary of Background Data: ERAS programs decrease inpatient opioid use, but their relationship with postdischarge opioids remains unclear., Methods: All patients undergoing hysterectomy between October 2016 and November 2020 and pancreatectomy or hepatectomy between April 2017 and November 2020 at 1 tertiary care center were included. For each procedure, ERAS was implemented during the study period. PSM was performed to compare pre - versus post-ERAS patients on discharge opioids (number of pills and oral morphine equivalents). Patients were matched on age, sex, race, payor, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, prior opioid use, and procedure. Sensitivity analyses in open versus minimally invasive surgery cohorts were performed., Results: A total of 3983 patients were included (1929 pre-ERAS; 2054 post-ERAS). Post-ERAS patients were younger (56.0 vs 58.4 years; P < 0.001), more often female (95.8% vs 78.1%; P < 0.001), less often white (77.2% vs 82.0%; P < 0.001), less often had prior opioid use (20.1% vs 28.1%; P < 0.001), and more often underwent hysterectomy (91.1% vs 55.7%; P < 0.001). After PSM, there were no significant differences between cohorts in baseline characteristics. Matched post-ERAS patients were prescribed fewer opioid pills (17.4 pills vs 22.0 pills; P < 0.001) and lower oral morphine equivalents (129.4 mg vs 167.6 mg; P < 0.001) than pre-ERAS patients. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings [open (18.8 pills vs 25.4 pills; P < 0.001 \ 138.9 mg vs 198.7 mg; P < 0.001); minimally invasive surgery (17.2 pills vs 21.1 pills; P < 0.001 \ 127.1 mg vs 160.1 mg; P < 0.001)., Conclusions: Post-ERAS patients were prescribed significantly fewer opioids at discharge compared to matched pre-ERAS patients., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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20. Proteomic Changes in Paspalum fasciculatum Leaves Exposed to Cd Stress.
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Salas-Moreno M, Castillejo MÁ, Rodríguez-Cavallo E, Marrugo-Negrete J, Méndez-Cuadro D, and Jorrín-Novo J
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(1) Background: Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that is widely distributed in water, soil, and air. It is present in agrochemicals, wastewater, battery waste, and volcanic eruptions. Thus, it can be absorbed by plants and enter the trophic chain. P. fasciculatum is a plant with phytoremediation capacity that can tolerate Cd stress, but changes in its proteome related to this tolerance have not yet been identified. (2) Methods: We conducted a quantitative analysis of the proteins present in P. fasciculatum leaves cultivated under greenhouse conditions in mining soils doped with 0 mg kg
-1 (control), 30 mg kg-1 , or 50 mg kg-1 . This was carried out using the label-free shotgun proteomics technique. In this way, we determined the changes in the proteomes of the leaves of these plants, which allowed us to propose some tolerance mechanisms involved in the response to Cd stress. (3) Results: In total, 329 variable proteins were identified between treatments, which were classified into those associated with carbohydrate and energy metabolism; photosynthesis; structure, transport, and metabolism of proteins; antioxidant stress and defense; RNA and DNA processing; and signal transduction. (4) Conclusions: Based on changes in the differences in the leaf protein profiles between treatments, we hypothesize that some proteins associated with signal transduction (Ras-related protein RABA1e), HSPs (heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2), growth (actin-7), and cellular development (actin-1) are part of the tolerance response to Cd stress.- Published
- 2022
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21. Improving Tractor Safety: A Comparison between the Usability of a Conventional and Enhanced Rear-Mounted Foldable ROPS (FROPS).
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Vigoroso L, Caffaro F, Micheletti Cremasco M, and Cavallo E
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- Durable Medical Equipment, Equipment Design, Equipment Safety, Humans, Protective Devices, Accidents, Occupational, Agriculture
- Abstract
Tractor rollover is the main cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries in agriculture. The foldable rollover protective structure (FROPS) can help to prevent these injuries. However, in many cases, the FROPS is left in a folded-down position. Human factor and rear-mounted FROPS technical characteristics influence operators' behavior in roll-bar handling. To improve the FROPS's comfortable use, the prototype of an enhanced handling system was developed, and its usability was tested and compared with a conventional FROPS. Usability was assessed with 93 novice tractor users through an ad hoc questionnaire (investigating perceived effort, time demand, the posture adopted and satisfaction) and observations (investigating effectiveness and efficiency) during lowering and raising tasks. For both tasks, the participants perceived significantly less effort, less physical discomfort, a higher level of satisfaction and less time demand while operating the enhanced FROPS. Observations showed that the critical issues that emerged for the conventional FROPS were eliminated by adopting the developed and implemented handling system. The developed handling system showed itself to be usable and effective in making the FROPS easier and safer to be operated.
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- 2022
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22. Professional profile and work conditions of nurses working in intensive care units: A multicentre study.
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Achury Saldaña DM, Achury Beltrán LF, Rodríguez Colmenares SM, Alvarado Romero HR, Cavallo E, Ulloa AC, Merino V, da Silva Barreto M, Andrade Fonseca D, Muñoz Acuña D, Betancur Manrique Y, Rodríguez Marín JE, González Gómez AA, Herrera Corpas K, Andrade Méndez B, Vargas Toloza RE, Martínez Rojas SM, and De Las Salas Martínez RP
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- Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Quality of Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Job Satisfaction, Nursing Staff, Hospital
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Aim: To determine the professional profile and the work conditions of nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) in Colombia, Argentina, Peru and Brazil., Background: ICUs require a differentiated professional profile to provide quality care, and appropriate working conditions, leading to a transformation of care and management practices., Design: Descriptive multicentre cross-sectional observational study., Methods: An online survey was applied to identify both the characteristics of the professional profile and the working conditions. 1,427 ICU nursing professionals were included. RStudio statistical software was used for the analysis of the information. Descriptive statistics were used for the presentation of the results. The STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was used in this study., Results: Only 33.6% of the professionals had a specialisation degree in intensive care. The skills that were most frequently put into practice were communication (68.5%) and care management (78.5%). The most predominant nurse-to-patient ratios were 1:2, and greater than 1:6. 59.1% of the nurses had an indefinite term contract, 38.8% worked 48 hours per week and 49.8% had rotating shifts. Only 50.4% of them received incentives. The average salary ranged between 348 and 1,500 USD. 64.5% of the participants were satisfied with their job., Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen nurses' professional profile by promoting both postgraduate education and the development of troubleshooting and teamwork skills. It is necessary to standardise the nurse-to-patient ratio, improve wages and increase incentives to achieve greater job satisfaction., Relevance to Practice: The knowledge and the improvement of both the professional profile and the work conditions of nurses working in intensive care units will improve the quality of the care given to critical patients and, therefore, the quality of health outcomes., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2022
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23. Correction: Rubiola et al. Risk Factors for Bovine Cysticercosis in North-West Italy: A Multi-Year Case-Control Study. Animals 2021, 11 , 3049.
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Rubiola S, Moroni B, Carisio L, Rossi L, Chiesa F, Martano G, Cavallo E, and Rambozzi L
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Error in Institutional Review Board Statement [...].
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- 2022
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24. Sectoral Productivity Growth, COVID-19 Shocks, and Infrastructure.
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Ahumada H, Cavallo E, Espina-Mairal S, and Navajas F
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This paper examines sectoral productivity shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic, their aggregate impact, and the possible compensatory effects of improving productivity in infrastructure-related sectors. We employ the KLEMS annual dataset for a group of OECD and Latin America and the Caribbean countries, complemented with high-frequency data for 2020. First, we estimate a panel vector autoregression of growth rates in sector level labor productivity to specify the nature and size of sectoral shocks using the historical data. We then run impulse-response simulations of one standard deviation shocks in the sectors that were most affected by COVID-19. We estimate that the pandemic cut economy-wide labor productivity by 4.9% in Latin America, and by 3.5% for the entire sample. Finally, by modeling the long-run relationship between productivity shocks in the sectors most affected by COVID-19, we find that large productivity improvements in infrastructure-equivalent to at least three times the historical rates of productivity gains-may be needed to fully compensate for the negative productivity losses traceable to COVID-19., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41885-021-00098-z., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
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- 2022
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25. Carbonylation induced by antibiotic and pesticide residues on casein increases its IgE binding and allergenicity.
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Marrugo Padilla A, Rizzo G, Smaldini PL, Vaccaro J, Méndez Cuadro D, Rodríguez Cavallo E, and Docena GH
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- Allergens metabolism, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cattle, Immunoglobulin E, Mice, Caseins metabolism, Pesticide Residues
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This work aimed to evaluate the effect of carbonylation induced by tetracyclines, β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and pyrethroids in caseins of bovine origin on their immunoreactivity and allergenicity. Using a spectrophotometric method, ELISA, dot-blot, and an IgE-mediated milk allergy mouse model, we confirmed that antibiotics and pesticides at their maximum residue limit, promoted the in vitro carbonylation of caseins (among 5.0 ± 0.01 and 67.5 ± 0.70 nmol of carbonyl/mg of protein); furthermore, carbonylations greater than 19 nmol significantly increase the in vitro IgE immunoreactivity of caseins (average OD among 0.63-1.50) regarding the negative control (average OD: 0.56). On the other hand, sensitized mice exposed to oxidized caseins showed increased clinical scores (2-5), positive skin tests, and footpad swelling (0.28-0.59 mm) compared to the negative control (1-2; negative skin tests; 0.1 mm, respectively), denoting increased allergenicity. These results suggest that casein carbonylation increases their IgE immunoreactivity and allergenicity, a fact that could be explained by the resistance to the digestion promoted by carbonylation and by conformational changes in the random coil casein structure, which can expose cryptic epitopes or neoepitopes.
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- 2022
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26. Recurrent primary endobronchial fetal rhabdomyoma: a case report and literature review.
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Marletta S, Caliò A, Fioravanzo A, Cavallo E, Torresani E, Zampieri F, and Gilioli E
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- Adult, Child, Head, Humans, Male, Neck, Rhabdomyoma diagnostic imaging, Rhabdomyoma surgery
- Abstract
Fetal rhabdomyoma is an extremely rare benign rhabdomyoblastic tumor with myotube-like differentiation, mainly arising on mucosal surfaces of the head and neck region of both children and young patients, almost invariably definitively treated with surgical excision. Herein the case of a male adult suffering from a recurrent fetal rhabdomyoma primary involving the bronchial structures is reported, along with a detailed literature review. This is the first fetal rhabdomyoma described to originate in such a localization; furthermore, an 11-year interval period between the first lesion and the recurrent one has never been reported., (Copyright © 2021 Società Italiana di Anatomia Patologica e Citopatologia Diagnostica, Divisione Italiana della International Academy of Pathology.)
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- 2021
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27. Risk Factors for Bovine Cysticercosis in North-West Italy: A Multi-Year Case-Control Study.
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Rubiola S, Moroni B, Carisio L, Rossi L, Chiesa F, Martano G, Cavallo E, and Rambozzi L
- Abstract
Taenia saginata is the causative agent of bovine cysticercosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease with a worldwide distribution. Bovine cysticercosis is considered to be an important food safety issue responsible for human taeniasis and a major economic concern since infected carcasses undergo condemnation, freezing and downgrading. The aim of the current investigation was to assess the presence of farm-level risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in an endemic area in North-West Italy. A questionnaire was designed to collect information relating to several farm structural features, as well as management practices, environmental characteristics and attitudes of farmers. The questionnaire was administered in two separate time intervals by direct interview to previously selected case and control farms. Overall, 32 case farms and 131 control farms were included between 2005 and 2011 and 50 case farms and 192 control farms were included between 2014 and 2020. The present survey showed a significant association between the detection of bovine cysticercosis cases at slaughter and farm proximity to picnic spots, closeness of wastewater treatment plant effluents, loose-housing systems and presence of employees along with the family members, highlighting the need for targeted awareness raising policies.
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- 2021
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28. Cohort study of impact on length of stay of individual enhanced recovery after surgery protocol components.
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Sisodia RC, Ellis D, Hidrue M, Linov P, Cavallo E, Bryant AS, Wakamatsu M, and Del Carmen MG
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Objective: The goal of this study was to explore which enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) bundle items were most associated with decreased length of stay after surgery, most likely associated with decreased length of stay after surgery., Design: A cohort study., Setting: Large tertiary academic medical centre., Participants: The study included 1318 women undergoing hysterectomy as part of our ERAS pathway between 1 February 2018 and 30 January 2020 and a matched historical cohort of all hysterectomies performed at our institution between 3 October 2016 and 30 January 2018 (n=1063)., Intervention: The addition of ERAS to perioperative care.This is a cohort study of all patients undergoing hysterectomy at an academic medical centre after ERAS implementation on 1 February 2018. Compliance and outcomes after ERAS roll out were monitored and managed by a centralised team. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regression, interrupted time series analysis were used as indicated., Main Outcome Measures: Impact of ERAS process measure adherence on length of stay., Results: After initiation of ERAS pathway, 1318 women underwent hysterectomy. There were more open surgeries after ERAS implementation, but cohorts were otherwise balanced. The impact of process measure adherence on length of stay varied based on surgical approach (minimally invasive vs open). For open surgery, compliance with intraoperative antiemetics (-30%, 95% CI -18% to 40%) and decreased postoperative fluid administration (-12%, 95% CI -1% to 21%) were significantly associated with reduced length of stay. For minimally invasive surgery, ambulation within 8 hours of surgery was associated with reduced length of stay (-53%, 95% CI -55% to 52%)., Conclusions: While adherence to overall ERAS protocols decreases length of stay, the specific components of the bundle most significantly impacting this outcome remain elusive. Our data identify early ambulation, use of antiemetics and decreasing postoperative fluid administration to be associated with decreased length of stay., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2021
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29. COVID-19 ARDS Is Characterized by Increased Dead Space Ventilation Compared With Non-COVID ARDS.
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Bertelli M, Fusina F, Prezioso C, Cavallo E, Nencini N, Crisci S, Tansini F, Mari LM, Hoxha L, Lombardi F, and Natalini G
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- Humans, Microcirculation, SARS-CoV-2, Tidal Volume, COVID-19, Respiratory Distress Syndrome therapy
- Abstract
Background: ARDS in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by microcirculatory alterations in the pulmonary vascular bed, which could increase dead-space ventilation more than in non-COVID-19 ARDS. We aimed to establish if dead-space ventilation is different in patients with COVID-19 ARDS when compared with patients with non-COVID-19 ARDS., Methods: A total of 187 subjects with COVID-19 ARDS and 178 subjects with non-COVID-19 ARDS who were undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation were included in the study. The association between the ARDS types and dead-space ventilation, compliance of the respiratory system, subjects' characteristics, organ failures, and mechanical ventilation was evaluated by using data collected in the first 24 h of mechanical ventilation., Results: Corrected minute ventilation (V˙
E ), a dead-space ventilation surrogate, was higher in the subjects with COVID-19 ARDS versus in those with non-COVID-19 ARDS (median [interquartile range] 12.6 [10.2-15.8] L/min vs 9.4 [7.5-11.6] L/min; P < .001). Increa s ed corrected V˙E was independently associated with COVID-19 ARDS (odds ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.47; P = .007). The best compliance of the respiratory system, obtained after testing different PEEPs, was similar between the subjects with COVID-19 ARDS and the subjects with non-COVID-19 ARDS (mean ± SD 38 ± 11 mL/cm H2 O vs 37 ± 11 mL/cm H2 O, respectively; P = .61). The subjects with COVID-19 ARDS received higher median (interquartile range) PEEP (12 [10-14] cm H2 O vs 8 [5-9] cm H2 O; P < .001) and lower median (interquartile range) tidal volume (5.8 [5.5-6.3] mL/kg vs 6.6 [6.1-7.3] mL/kg; P < .001) than the subjects with non-COVID-19 ARDS, being these differences maintained at multivariable analysis. In the multivariable analysis, the subjects with COVID-19 ARDS showed a lower risk of anamnestic arterial hypertension (odds ratio 0.18, 95% CI 0.07-0.45; P < .001) and lower neurologic sequential organ failure assessment score (odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI 0.09-0.27; P < .001) than the subjects with non-COVID-19 ARDS., Conclusions: Indirect measurements of dead space were higher in subjects with COVID-19 ARDS compared with subjects with non-COVID-19 ARDS. The best compliance of the respiratory system was similar in both ARDS forms provided that different PEEPs were applied. A wide range of compliance is present in every ARDS type; therefore, the setting of mechanical ventilation should be individualized patient by patient and not based on the etiology of ARDS., Competing Interests: The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 by Daedalus Enterprises.)- Published
- 2021
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