17 results on '"Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio"'
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2. Changes in milking time modify behavior of grazing dairy cows
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Rosa, Delane Ribas da, Ximenes, Cindy Anne Klausberger, Schmitz, Bruna, Bettencourt, Arthur Fernandes, Ebert, Leandro Correia, Marchesini, Taciana, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, and Fischer, Vivian
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- 2024
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3. Airborne cameras for natural grassland classification in the Pampa biome/Câmeras aerotransportadas para classificação da vegetação em pastagem natural no bioma Pampa
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Ogliari, Daniele Gutterres Pinto, Zanotta, Daniel Capella, Fontana, Denise Cybis, Bremm, Carolina, Bredemeier, Christian, and Carvalho, Paulo César De Faccio
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- 2023
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4. Purified and enriched lignin as a marker to estimate faecal output of sheep fed temperate and tropical grasses
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Amaral, Gláucia Azevedo do, Azevedo, Eduardo Bohrer de, Savian, Jean Víctor, Bremm, Carolina, David, Diego Bitencourt de, Gonda, Horacio Leandro, Bindelle, Jérôme, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio
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- 2022
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5. Does grass-legume intercropping change soil quality and grain yield in integrated crop-livestock systems?
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Silva, Laércio Santos, Laroca, Jackeline Vieira dos Santos, Coelho, Anderson Prates, Gonçalves, Evelyn Custódio, Gomes, Romário Pimenta, Pacheco, Leandro Pereira, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, Pires, Gabriela Castro, Oliveira, Rafael Loverde, Souza, Juliana Mendes Andrade de, Freitas, Caio Moretti, Cabral, Carlos Eduardo Avelino, Wruck, Flávio Jesus, and Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de
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- 2022
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6. Fertilization Strategies to Improve Phosphorus Availability and Soil Quality in Integrated Crop-Livestock System in Tropical Soils
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Pires, Gabriela Castro, primary, Alves, Lucas Aquino, additional, Silva, Laércio Santos, additional, Gama, Jorge Pereira, additional, Gotz, Lenir Fátima, additional, Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira, additional, Pavinato, Paulo S., additional, Tiecher, Tales, additional, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional, and Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de, additional
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- 2023
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7. Determining the pre-grazing sward height of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus - Hochst. ex Chiov.) for optimizing nutrient intake rate of dairy heifers
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Marín Gómez, Alejandra, primary, Laca, Emilio A., additional, Baldissera, Tiago Celso, additional, Pinto, Cassiano Eduardo, additional, Garagorry, Fábio Cervo, additional, Zubieta, Angel S., additional, Bremm, Carolina, additional, Bindelle, Jerôme, additional, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional
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- 2022
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8. Determining the pre-grazing sward height of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus - Hochst. ex Chiov.) for optimizing nutrient intake rate of dairy heifers.
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Marín Gómez, Alejandra, Yildirim, Arda1, Marín Gómez, Alejandra, Laca, Emilio A, Baldissera, Tiago Celso, Pinto, Cassiano Eduardo, Garagorry, Fábio Cervo, Zubieta, Angel S, Bremm, Carolina, Bindelle, Jerôme, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, Marín Gómez, Alejandra, Yildirim, Arda1, Marín Gómez, Alejandra, Laca, Emilio A, Baldissera, Tiago Celso, Pinto, Cassiano Eduardo, Garagorry, Fábio Cervo, Zubieta, Angel S, Bremm, Carolina, Bindelle, Jerôme, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio
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Understanding the grazing process and animal response to sward structures (e.g., sward height) is key to setting targets for efficient grazing management. We hypothesized that the short-term intake rate (STIR) of dry matter (DM) and digestible organic matter (OM) by dairy heifers is maximized with Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus-Hochst. ex Chiov.) of intermediate sward heights. The treatments consisted of five pre-grazing sward heights (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm) randomly assigned to two of ten paddocks. The experimental design included two measurements of each paddock at different periods and times of day. Three Holstein heifers (440 ± 42 kg body weight) were used to determine the STIR, which was estimated using the double-weighing technique with correction for insensible weight losses. The bite mass (BM), bite rate (BR), sward structural characteristics, and nutritional value of herbage samples were assessed. The data were analyzed using mixed models with a factorial arrangement of five sward heights, two times of day, and two evaluation periods. The sward height of Kikuyu grass that maximized both STIRs was approximately 20 cm. The STIR of the DM was 30% and 15% lower than the maximum in the shortest and tallest swards tested, respectively. In swards shorter than 20 cm, the STIR was lower because the BM decreased with sward height, whereas in those greater than 20 cm, the lower BM and STIR of DM was explained by a decrease in bulk density and bite volume. The top stratum was composed mainly of highly digestible leaf blades with similar nutrient content across sward heights; therefore the STIR of digestible OM was also maximized at 20 cm. Hence, the optimal pre-grazing sward height of Kikuyu grass should be managed at 20 cm under rotational stocking systems to maximize nutrient intake rate of dairy heifers.
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- 2022
9. Diversification of traditional paddy field impacts target species in weed seedbank
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Dominschek, Rubia, primary, Schuster, Maurício Zanovello, additional, Barroso, Arthur Arrobas Martins, additional, Moraes, Anibal, additional, Anghinoni, Ibanor, additional, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional
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- 2022
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10. Fertilization strategies and liming in no-till integrated crop–livestock systems: effects on phosphorus and potassium use efficiency
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Alves, Lucas Aquino, primary, Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira, additional, Farias, Gustavo Duarte, additional, Flores, João Pedro Moro, additional, Filippi, Dionata, additional, Bremm, Carolina, additional, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional, Martins, Amanda Posselt, additional, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, additional, and Tiecher, Tales, additional
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- 2022
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11. Phosphorus lability in a subtropical Acrisol under long-term integrated crop-livestock system: impacts of grazing management and cropping system
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Assis, Júlia de, primary, Brauwers, Luciano Pinzon, additional, Duarte, Lóren Pacheco, additional, Ghisleni, Gian, additional, Tiecher, Tales, additional, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional, Bremm, Carolina, additional, Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de, additional, and Martins, Amanda Posselt, additional
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- 2022
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12. Liming and grazing intensities effects on soil mineral nitrogen throughout the pasture cycle in a subtropical integrated crop-livestock system
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Bertol, Felipe Dalla-zen, primary, Martins, Amanda Posselt, additional, Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira, additional, Kunrath, Taise Robinson, additional, Souza, William de, additional, Goulart, Mateus Westerhofer, additional, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional, and Anghinoni, Ibanor, additional
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- 2022
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13. Similar grazing mechanisms explain contrasting intake and sward-height dynamics under different grazing management
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Pontes-Prates, Arthur, primary, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, additional, Savian, Jean Víctor, additional, Félix da Silva Neto, Gentil, additional, Sánchez Zubieta, Ángel, additional, and Laca, Emilio Andrés, additional
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- 2022
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14. Similar grazing mechanisms explain contrasting intake and sward-height dynamics under different grazing management.
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Pontes-Prates, Arthur, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, Savian, Jean Víctor, Félix da Silva Neto, Gentil, Sánchez Zubieta, Ángel, and Laca, Emilio Andrés
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GRAZING , *RANGE management - Abstract
Context: Average sward height has traditionally been used as a grazing management variable. However, such approach ignores the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of swards. Because the intake rate responds non-linearly to average height at plant level, we expected that sheep exposed to contrasting grazing methods with similar average heights would behave differently. Aims: We hypothesised that low-intensity, high-frequency grazing results in a higher daily intake rate than does high-intensity, low-frequency grazing, despite both methods having similar average sward heights over space and time. Also, we asked whether sheep exhibit the same foraging mechanisms for a given instantaneous sward state regardless of long-term grazing conditions imposed. Methods: We exposed sheep to two contrasting grazing methods with similar average height; low-intensity, high-frequency (LIHF), and high-intensity, low-frequency (HILF). We then evaluated their foraging behaviour using continuous bite-monitoring paired with detailed sward measurements during grazing down. Key results: Sward height decreased markedly during the grazing period in both treatments, but the sward height depletion was faster under HILF (7.5 cm and 20.3 cm for LIHF and HILF), which means that sward structure was severely disrupted. The animals exhibited markedly different herbage intake patterns between the grazing methods, with sheep under LIHF presenting greater total daily herbage intake (850 vs 630 g DM per individual). Also, sheep demonstrated a more stable and higher instantaneous intake rate in the LIHF. Despite the difference in total daily herbage intake, the grazing treatments did not affect the behavioural mechanisms beyond their indirect effects on the rate of change in the instantaneous sward conditions. Grazing treatments created different patterns of sward change and intake rate over time, but the local and instantaneous sward conditions determined intake rate regardless of the grazing method. Conclusions: Intake responses of sheep differed between grazing methods with similar average height due to sward heterogeneity over time and space. Grazing mechanisms were not directly affected by the treatments but were influenced by the sward heterogeneity imposed by the grazing management. Implications: Grazing management requires not only consideration of the average sward height, but also an understanding of how the resource is distributed in time and space. Most livestock in the world is raised on pastures, and the production and sustainability of these systems depend on their management. However, managers have disregarded the heterogeneity of pastures and their impact on grazing management. Our results demonstrated that systems with similar average sward height may have different sheep intake responses due to sward heterogeneity in time and space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Campo natural sob diferentes intensidades de pastejo: diversidade florística e dinâmica de Desmodium incanum (Sw.) DC
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Bolzan, Cassiane Soares, Essi, Liliana, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, Canto-Dorow, Thais Scotti do, and Wallau, Marcelo Osório
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Intensidades de pastejo ,Estruturas de pasto ,Bioma Pampa ,Diversidade florística ,Pega-pega ,Campos grassland ,Desmodium incanum (Sw.) DC ,Grazing intensities ,Grassland legumes ,Floristic diversity ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS [CNPQ] ,Pampa biome ,Leguminosas campestres ,Campos ,Pasture structures - Abstract
The basis of livestock production in the state of Rio Grande do Sul is the natural grasslands shaped into different structures and physiognomies due to the high diversity of species. The exploration of these environments by herbivores is complex and the botanical richness is the main challenges for foraging. Since disturbance intensities affect the structure and composition of vegetation, the objective of this study was to verify the diversity of species, with emphasis on legume richness and the dynamics of Desmodium incanum (Sw.) DC., an exponent and widely dispersed species in this region, environment, under different forage supply gradients (4, 8, 12 e 16% FS), which consequently result in different grazing intensities (high, moderate and low) in a natural grassland in the central depression of the state of Rio Grande do Sul- Brazil, subjected to bovine herbivory for 35 years. The experimental area is located in the Agronomic Station of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in the municipality of Eldorado do Sul-RS. Eight sampling units (packets) were used in the gradients of forage supply (FS) and different grazing intensity (4% FS - high grazing intensity, 8% FS and 12 % FS moderate grazing intensity and 16 % FS low grazing intensity). The vegetation was inventoried through floristic and phytosociological surveys (October and December 2020, February and April 2021). A total of 162 species were recorded in the evaluated period, distributed in 39 families, from these, 17 are legume species. The legume species with the highest importance value index (IVI) in all treatments was Desmodium incanum. There was a difference (p
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- 2022
16. Sistemas diversificados de produção promovem melhoria em atributos de solo e na produtividade de algodão em solo arenoso
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Gonçalves, Evelyn Custódio, Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Produção Vegetal, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio
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Algodão - Solos ,Solos arenosos ,Agronomia ,Algodão - Cultivo - Abstract
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Edicarlos Damacena de Souza Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia. Defesa : Curitiba, 22/04/2022 Inclui referências Resumo: A região Cerrado representa a maior produção de algodão do Brasil e 15% dessa área é formada por solos arenosos, que possuem baixo potencial produtivo. No entanto, a diversificação do sistema produtivo pode ser considerada uma alternativa para elevar a produção nesses solos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito de sistemas de produção com diferentes níveis de diversidade florística e funcional sobre indicadores de qualidade de um Neossolo Quartzarênico e o impacto na produtividade do algodão em curto prazo no Cerrado. O experimento foi realizado na área experimental do Instituto Mato-grossense do Algodão (IMA), município de Rondonópolis-MT, em um Neossolo Quartzarênico, com 14,5% de argila. Os tratamentos constam de diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo, tendo a cultura do algodão rotacionado a cada dois anos de cultura da soja no período da safra. Os sistemas são: Diversidade muito baixa: Soja na safra com pousio na entressafra; Diversidade baixa: Soja na safra e entressafra de Urochloa ruziziensis cultivada solteira por 8 meses; Diversidade média: Soja na safra e entressafra de U. ruziziensis consorciado com niger, nabo forrageiro e feijão caupí por 8 meses; Diversidade média de longa duração: Soja na safra e entressafra de pasto consorciado com U. ruziziensis, niger, nabo forrageiro e feijão caupí, cultivados por 20 meses sem a presença de animais em pastejo; Diversidade alta: Soja na safra e entressafra de pasto consorciado com U. ruziziensis, niger, nabo forrageiro e feijão caupí com a entrada de animais para pastejo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições. A diversidade alta elevou os teores de carbono orgânico total em 49% a mais e 87% para a fração particulada, comparados com o sistema de diversidade muito baixa. O curto prazo não influenciou os teores de nitrogênio total, mas a fração particulada foi 88% maior no sistema de diversidade alta. A biomassa microbiana do solo e a atividade enzimática são beneficiados em sistemas de diversidade alta. A produtividade do algodão aumentou em 156% com a diversidade alta em solo arenoso no curto prazo em relação ao sistema com muito baixa diversidade. Sistemas mais diversificados de produção podem ser considerados uma alternativa para a produção do algodão em solos arenosos. Abstract: he Cerrado region has one of the largest cotton production in Brazil and 15% of this area is formed by sandy soils, which have low productive potential. However, the diversification of the production system can be considered an alternative for production in these soils. Little is known about the performance of these systems in sandy soils in the short term. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of production systems with different levels of functional diversity on quality indicators of a Quartzarenic Neosol and the impact on cotton productivity in the short term in the Cerrado. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of Instituto Mato-grossense do Algodão (IMA), municipality of Rondonópolis-MT, in a Quartzarenic Neosol, with 14.5% clay. The treatments consist of different soil management systems, with the cotton crop being rotated every two years of soybean cultivation during the harvest period. The systems are: Very low diversity: Soybean in the harvest with fallow in the off-season; Low diversity: Soybean in season and off season of Urochloa ruziziensis cultivated single for 8 months; Average diversity: Soybean in the harvest and off-season of U. ruziziensis intercropped with niger, radish and cowpea for 8 months; Average long-term diversity: Soybean in season and off-season pasture intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger, forage radish and cowpea, cultivated for 20 months; High diversity: Soybean in harvest and pasture offseason intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger, fodder turnip and cowpea with the entry of animals for grazing. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replications. The high diversity increased the total organic carbon contents by 49% more and 87% for the particulate fraction, compared to the very low diversity system. The short term did not influence the total nitrogen contents, but the particulate fraction by 88% in the high diversity system. Soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity are benefited in high diversity systems. Cotton yield increased by 156% with high diversity in sandy soil in the short term. More diversified production systems can be considered an alternative for cotton production in sandy soils.
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- 2022
17. Estratégias de adubação em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária : atributos químicos e bioquímicos
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Camargo, Tatiane Andrea de, Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Produção Vegetal, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio
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Agronomia ,Sustentabilidade ,Produtividade agrícola ,Fertilidade do solo - Abstract
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Edicarlos Damacena de Souza Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia. Defesa : Curitiba, 25/03/2022 Inclui referências Resumo: Com o crescimento da população mundial surge a necessidade de maior produção de alimentos por unidade de área e de forma sustentável. Com isso, torna-se essencial a utilização racional dos recursos ambientais, especialmente do solo e fertilizantes, que conciliem a sustentabilidade e aumento de produtividade. Nesse contexto, a ciclagem de nutrientes, potencializada pelo componente animal, tem importância crucial para a agricultura principalmente nos Sistemas Integrados de Produção Agropecuária (SIPA). As diferentes estratégias de adubação utilizadas em SIPA podem influenciar nos atributos relacionados a qualidade do solo e, consequentemente, na produtividade da soja. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das diferentes estratégias de adubação sobre os atributos químicos e bioquímicos do solo e produtividade da soja em SIPA no Cerrado. O estudo foi conduzido na fazenda Guarita, em Rondonópolis - MT, em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, de textura argilosa. A área é conduzida em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com três repetições, totalizando 12 unidades experimentais. 1) Adubação convencional com P e K aplicados na cultura da soja (AC-N), 2) Adubação convencional com P e K aplicados na cultura da soja mais N na pastagem (AC+N), 3) Adubação com P e K aplicados na pastagem (AP-N) e 4) Adubação de sistemas com N, P e K aplicados na pastagem (AS). No curto prazo, as estratégias de adubação, alternativas a AC-N, influenciaram na produção de forragem, carga animal, matéria seca total e aporte total de esterco. As estratégias AC+N, AP-N e AS proporcionaram incrementos significativos no qMIC (162 - 329%), C-BM (234 - 443%), N-BM (267 - 556%) e redução no qCO2 (214 - 473%). Foi observado ainda, maior atividade das enzimas ß-glicosidase, fosfatase, arilsulfatase e FDA nesses tratamentos. A estratégia AC+N proporcionou incrementos de 28% no NT, de 60% no NP e de 24% no NOM. O índice de manejo do carbono foi 43% maior na estratégia AC+N quando comparada a AC-N. Essas melhorias nos atributos de qualidade do solo proporcionaram maior produtividade da soja, nas estratégias de adubação AC+N e AS. Com isso, as estratégias de AC+N, AP-N e AS favorecem a melhoria de atributos de qualidade do solo, com incrementos na produtividade da soja. Assim, com a utilização das diferentes estratégias de adubação, alternativas à adubação convencional, é possível melhorar a qualidade do solo e aumentar a produção de alimentos, de forma sustentável via otimização da utilização de fertilizantes. Abstract: With the growth of the world population, there is a need for greater food production in smaller areas and in a sustainable way. As a result, the rational use of environmental resources, especially soil and fertilizers, which reconcile sustainability and increased productivity, becomes essential. In this context, nutrient cycling, enhanced by the animal component, is of crucial importance for agriculture, especially in the Integrated Crop-livestock Systems (ICLS). The different fertilization strategies used in ICLS can influence the attributes related to soil quality and, consequently, soybean productivity. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of different fertilization strategies on soil quality and soybean yield in ICLS in the Cerrado. The study is carried out at the Guarita Farm, in Rondonópolis - MT, in a dystrophic Red Latosol with a clayey texture. The area is conducted in an experimental design in randomized blocks with three replications, totaling 12 experimental units. 1) Conventional fertilization with P and K applied to the soybean crop (AC-N), 2) Conventional fertilization with P and K applied to the soybean crop plus N in the pasture (AC+N), 3) Fertilization with P and K applied on pasture (AP-N) and 4) Fertilization of systems with N, P and K applied on pasture (AS). In the short term, fertilization strategies, alternatives to AC-N, influenced forage production, animal load, total dry matter and total manure input. The AC+N, AP-N and AS strategies provided significant increases in qMIC (162 - 329%), C-BM (234 - 443%), N-BM (267 - 556%) and reduction in qCO2 (214 - 473%). It was also observed greater activity of ß-glucosidase, phosphatase, arylsulfatase and FDA enzymes in these treatments. The AC+N strategy provided increments of 28% in NT, 60% in NP and 24% in NOM. The carbon management index was 43% higher in the AC+N strategy when compared to AC-N. These improvements in soil quality attributes provided greater soybean productivity in the AC+N and AS fertilization strategies. Thus, the AC+N, AP-N and AS strategies favor the improvement of soil quality attributes, with increases in soybean productivity. Thus, with the use of different fertilization strategies, alternatives to conventional fertilization, it is possible to improve soil quality and increase food production, in a sustainable way by optimizing the use of fertilizers.
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- 2022
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