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Background: Breast implants are biomaterials eliciting a physiological and mandatory foreign body response.Objectives: We designed an animal study to investigate the impact of different implant surfaces on the formation of the perirprosthetic capsule, the inflammatory response and the cellular composition.Methods: We implanted 1 scaled-down version of breast implants by different manufactures on 70 female Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were divided into five groups of 14 animals. Group A received a smooth implant (Ra≈0.5µm) according to the ISO 14607-2018 classification, Group B smooth implant (Ra≈3.2µm), Group C smooth implant (Ra≈5µm), Group D macrotextured implant (Ra≈62µm) and Group E macrotextured implant (Ra≈75µm). At 60 days, all animals received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 35 animals were sacrificed and their capsules sent for histology (capsule thickness, inflammatory infiltrate) and immunohistochemistry analysis (cellular characterization). The remaining animals repeated the MRI at 120 days and were sacrificed following the same protocol.Results: MRI showed a thinner capsule in the smooth implants (Group A, B, C) at 60 days (p < 0.001) but not at 120 days (p = 0.039), confirmed with histology both at 60 days (p = 0.005) and 120 days (p < 0.001). Smooth implants (Group A, B, C) presented a mild inflammatory response at 60 days that was maintained at 120 days and a high M2-Macrophage concentration (anti-inflammatory).Conclusions: Our study confirms that smooth implants form a thinner capsule, inferior inflammatory infiltrate and a cellular composition that indicates a mild host inflammatory response. A new host inflammatory response classification is elaborated classifying breast implants into mild, moderate, and high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the lipid peak derived from 1H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in assessing cervical cancer prognosis, particularly in assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Methods: We enrolled 17 patients with histologically proven cervical cancer who underwent 3-T MR imaging at baseline. In addition to conventional imaging sequences for pelvic assessment, the protocol included a single-voxel point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence, with repetition time of 1,500 ms and echo times of 28 and 144 ms. Spectra were analysed using the LCModel fitting routine, thus extracting multiple metabolites, including lipids (Lip) and total choline (tCho). Patients with LACC were treated with NACT and reassessed by MRI at term. Based on tumour volume reduction, patients were classified as good responder (GR; tumour volume reduction > 50%) and poor responder or nonresponder (PR-or-NR; tumour volume reduction ≤ 50%). Results: Of 17 patients, 11 were LACC. Of these 11, only 6 had both completed NACT and had good-quality 1H-MR spectra; 3 GR and 3 PR-or-NR. A significant difference in lipid values was observed in the two groups of patients, particularly with higher Lip values and higher Lip/tCho ratio in PR-NR patients (p =0.040). A significant difference was also observed in choline distribution (tCho), with higher values in GR patients (p = 0.040). Conclusions: Assessment of lipid peak at 1H-MR spectroscopy could be an additional quantitative parameter in predicting the response to NACT in patients with LACC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) of surgically collected tumor specimens may contribute to investigating cancer metabolism and the significance of the "total choline" ( t Cho) peak (3.2 ppm) as malignancy and therapy response biomarker. To ensure preservation of intrinsic metabolomic information, standardized handling procedures are needed. The effects of time to freeze (cold ischemia) were evaluated in (a) surgical epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) specimens using high-resolution (HR) 1 H-MRS (9.4 T) of aqueous extracts and (b) preclinical EOC samples (xenografts in SCID mice) investigated by in vivo MRI-guided 1 H-MRS (4.7 T) and by HR- 1 H-MRS (9.4 T) of tumor extracts or intact fragments (using magic-angle-spinning (MAS) technology). No significant changes were found in the levels of 27 of 29 MRS-detected metabolites (including the t Cho profile) in clinical specimens up to 2 h cold ischemia, besides an increase in lysine and a decrease in glutathione. EOC xenografts showed a 2-fold increase in free choline within 2 h cold ischemia, without further significant changes for any MRS-detected metabolite (including phosphocholine and t Cho) up to 6 h. At shorter times (≤1 h), HR-MAS analyses showed unaltered t Cho components, along with significant changes in lactate, glutamate, and glutamine. Our results support the view that a time to freeze of 1 h represents a safe threshold to ensure the maintenance of a reliable t Cho profile in EOC specimens.

Background: Breast implants are biomaterials eliciting a physiological and mandatory foreign body response., Objectives: The authors designed an animal study to investigate the impact of different implant surfaces on the formation of the periprosthetic capsule, the inflammatory response, and the cellular composition., Methods: The authors implanted 1 scaled-down version of breast implants by different manufactures on 70 female Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were divided into 5 groups of 14 animals. Group A received a smooth implant (Ra ≈ 0.5 µm) according to the ISO 14607-2018 classification, Group B a smooth implant (Ra ≈ 3.2 µm), Group C a smooth implant (Ra ≈ 5 µm), Group D a macrotextured implant (Ra ≈ 62 µm), and Group E a macrotextured implant (Ra ≈ 75 µm). At 60 days, all animals received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 35 animals were killed and their capsules sent for histology (capsule thickness, inflammatory infiltrate) and immunohistochemistry analysis (cellular characterization). The remaining animals repeated the MRI at 120 days and were killed following the same protocol., Results: MRI showed a thinner capsule in the smooth implants (Groups A-C) at 60 days (P < .001) but not at 120 days (P = .039), confirmed with histology both at 60 days (P = .005) and 120 days (P < .001). Smooth implants (Groups A-C) presented a mild inflammatory response at 60 days that was maintained at 120 days and a high M2-Macrophage concentration (anti-inflammatory)., Conclusions: Our study confirms that smooth implants form a thinner capsule, inferior inflammatory infiltrate, and a cellular composition that indicates a mild host inflammatory response. A new host inflammatory response classification is elaborated classifying breast implants into mild, moderate, and high., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Aesthetic Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)