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1. The EU Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE): Implementation, results, and roadmap for the second phase

Author

Folch, Arnau, Abril, Claudia, Afanasiev, Michael, Amati, Giorgio, Bader, Michael, Badia, Rosa M., Bayraktar, Hafize B., Barsotti, Sara, Basili, Roberto, Bernardi, Fabrizio, Boehm, Christian, Brizuela, Beatriz, Brogi, Federico, Cabrera, Eduardo, Casarotti, Emanuele, Castro, Manuel J., Cerminara, Matteo, Cirella, Antonella, Cheptsov, Alexey, Conejero, Javier, Costa, Antonio, de la Asunción, Marc, de la Puente, Josep, Djuric, Marco, Dorozhinskii, Ravil, Espinosa, Gabriela, Esposti-Ongaro, Tomaso, Farnós, Joan, Favretto-Cristini, Nathalie, Fichtner, Andreas, Fournier, Alexandre, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, Gallard, Jean-Matthieu, Gibbons, Steven J., Glimsdal, Sylfest, González-Vida, José Manuel, Gracia, Jose, Gregorio, Rose, Gutierrez, Natalia, Halldorsson, Benedikt, Hamitou, Okba, Houzeaux, Guillaume, Jaure, Stephan, Kessar, Mouloud, Krenz, Lukas, Krischer, Lion, Laforet, Soline, Lanucara, Piero, Li, Bo, Lorenzino, Maria Concetta, Lorito, Stefano, Løvholt, Finn, Macedonio, Giovanni, Macías, Jorge, Marín, Guillermo, Martínez Montesinos, Beatriz, Mingari, Leonardo, Moguilny, Geneviève, Montellier, Vadim, Monterrubio-Velasco, Marisol, Moulard, Georges Emmanuel, Nagaso, Masaru, Nazaria, Massimo, Niethammer, Christoph, Pardini, Federica, Pienkowska, Marta, Pizzimenti, Luca, Poiata, Natalia, Rannabauer, Leonhard, Rojas, Otilio, Rodriguez, Juan Esteban, Romano, Fabrizio, Rudyy, Oleksandr, Ruggiero, Vittorio, Samfass, Philipp, Sánchez-Linares, Carlos, Sanchez, Sabrina, Sandri, Laura, Scala, Antonio, Schaeffer, Nathanael, Schuchart, Joseph, Selva, Jacopo, Sergeant, Amadine, Stallone, Angela, Taroni, Matteo, Thrastarson, Solvi, Titos, Manuel, Tonelllo, Nadia, Tonini, Roberto, Ulrich, Thomas, Vilotte, Jean-Pierre, Vöge, Malte, Volpe, Manuela, Aniko Wirp, Sara, and Wössner, Uwe

Published
2023
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2. The EU Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE): Implementation, results, and roadmap for the second phase

Author

European Commission, Folch, Arnau, Abril, Claudia, Afanasiev, Michael, Amati, Giorgio, Bader, Michael, Badia, Rosa M., Bayraktar, Hafize B., Barsotti, Sara, Basili, Roberto, Bernardi, Fabrizio, Boehm, Christian, Brizuela, Beatriz, Brogi, Federico, Cabrera, Eduardo, Casarotti, Emanuele, Castro, Manuel J., Cerminara, Matteo, Cirella, Antonella, Cheptsov, Alexey, Conejero, Javier, Costa, Antonio, de la Asunción, Marc, de la Puente, Josep, Djuric, Marco, Dorozhinskii, Ravil, Espinosa, Gabriel, Esposti-Ongaro, Tomaso, Farnós, Joan, Favretto-Cristini, Nathalie, Fichtner, Andreas, Fournier, Alexandre, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, Gallard, Jean-Matthieu, Gibbons, Steven J., Glimsdal, Sylfest, González-Vida, José Manuel, Gracia, Jose, Gregorio, Rose, Gutiérrez, Natalia, Halldorsson, Benedikt, Hamitou, Okba, Houzeaux, Guillaume, Jaure, Stephan, Kessar, Mouloud, Krenz, Lucas, Krischer, Lion, LaForet, Soline, Lanucara, Piero, Li, Bo, Lorenzino, Maria Concetta, Lorito, Stefano, Løvholt, Finn, Macias, Jorge, Marin, Gillermo, Martínez Montesinos, Beatriz, Mingari, Leonardo, Moguilny, Geneviève, Monterrubio-Velasco, Marisol, Montellier, Vadim, European Commission, Folch, Arnau, Abril, Claudia, Afanasiev, Michael, Amati, Giorgio, Bader, Michael, Badia, Rosa M., Bayraktar, Hafize B., Barsotti, Sara, Basili, Roberto, Bernardi, Fabrizio, Boehm, Christian, Brizuela, Beatriz, Brogi, Federico, Cabrera, Eduardo, Casarotti, Emanuele, Castro, Manuel J., Cerminara, Matteo, Cirella, Antonella, Cheptsov, Alexey, Conejero, Javier, Costa, Antonio, de la Asunción, Marc, de la Puente, Josep, Djuric, Marco, Dorozhinskii, Ravil, Espinosa, Gabriel, Esposti-Ongaro, Tomaso, Farnós, Joan, Favretto-Cristini, Nathalie, Fichtner, Andreas, Fournier, Alexandre, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, Gallard, Jean-Matthieu, Gibbons, Steven J., Glimsdal, Sylfest, González-Vida, José Manuel, Gracia, Jose, Gregorio, Rose, Gutiérrez, Natalia, Halldorsson, Benedikt, Hamitou, Okba, Houzeaux, Guillaume, Jaure, Stephan, Kessar, Mouloud, Krenz, Lucas, Krischer, Lion, LaForet, Soline, Lanucara, Piero, Li, Bo, Lorenzino, Maria Concetta, Lorito, Stefano, Løvholt, Finn, Macias, Jorge, Marin, Gillermo, Martínez Montesinos, Beatriz, Mingari, Leonardo, Moguilny, Geneviève, Monterrubio-Velasco, Marisol, and Montellier, Vadim

Abstract

The EU Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE) develops exascale transition capabilities in the domain of Solid Earth, an area of geophysics rich in computational challenges embracing different approaches to exascale (capability, capacity, and urgent computing). The first implementation phase of the project (ChEESE-1P; 2018¿2022) addressed scientific and technical computational challenges in seismology, tsunami science, volcanology, and magnetohydrodynamics, in order to understand the phenomena, anticipate the impact of natural disasters, and contribute to risk management. The project initiated the optimisation of 10 community flagship codes for the upcoming exascale systems and implemented 12 Pilot Demonstrators that combine the flagship codes with dedicated workflows in order to address the underlying capability and capacity computational challenges. Pilot Demonstrators reaching more mature Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) were further enabled in operational service environments on critical aspects of geohazards such as long-term and short-term probabilistic hazard assessment, urgent computing, and early warning and probabilistic forecasting. Partnership and service co-design with members of the project Industry and User Board (IUB) leveraged the uptake of results across multiple research institutions, academia, industry, and public governance bodies (e.g. civil protection agencies). This article summarises the implementation strategy and the results from ChEESE-1P, outlining also the underpinning concepts and the roadmap for the on-going second project implementation phase (ChEESE-2P; 2023¿2026).

Published
2023

3. Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Porto Torres (SS)

Author

Amato, Alessandro, Basili, Roberto, Brizuela, Beatriz, Lorito, Stefano, Maesano, Francesco Emanuele, Romano, Fabrizio, Selva, Jacopo, Tonini, Roberto, and Volpe, Manuela

Abstract

Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Porto Torres (SS) Studio svolto nell���ambito della convenzione per attivit�� scientifica conto terzi commissionata da RINA Consulting S.p.A. all���Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) avente per oggetto ���la valutazione della pericolosit�� da tsunami su tre (3) siti Versalis di interesse industriale ubicati lungo le coste italiane, in particolare quelli di Priolo Gargallo, Porto Torres e Brindisi���.

Published
2022
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4. Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Brindisi

Author

Amato, Alessandro, Basili, Roberto, Brizuela, Beatriz, Lorito, Stefano, Maesano, Francesco Emanuele, Romano, Fabrizio, Selva, Jacopo, Tonini, Roberto, and Volpe, Manuela

Abstract

Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Brindisi Studio svolto nell���ambito della convenzione per attivit�� scientifica conto terzi commissionata da RINA Consulting S.p.A. all���Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) avente per oggetto ���la valutazione della pericolosit�� da tsunami su tre (3) siti Versalis di interesse industriale ubicati lungo le coste italiane, in particolare quelli di Priolo Gargallo, Porto Torres e Brindisi���.

Published
2022
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5. Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Priolo Gargallo (SR)

Author

Amato, Alessandro, Basili, Roberto, Brizuela, Beatriz, Lorito, Stefano, Maesano, Francesco Emanuele, Romano, Fabrizio, Selva, Jacopo, Tonini, Roberto, and Volpe, Manuela

Abstract

Analisi di pericolosit�� da tsunami indotti da terremoti per il sito Versalis di Priolo Gargallo (SR) Studio svolto nell���ambito della convenzione per attivit�� scientifica conto terzi commissionata da RINA Consulting S.p.A. all���Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) avente per oggetto ���la valutazione della pericolosit�� da tsunami su tre (3) siti Versalis di interesse industriale ubicati lungo le coste italiane, in particolare quelli di Priolo Gargallo, Porto Torres e Brindisi���.

Published
2022
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6. Towards the new Thematic Core Service Tsunami within the EPOS Research Infrastructure

Author

Babeyko, Andrey, Lorito, Stefano, Hernandez, Francisco, Lauterjungl, Joern, Lovholt, Finn, Rudloff, Alexander, Sorensen, Mathilde, Androsov, Alexey, Aniel-quiroga, Inigo, Armigliato, Alberto, Baptista, Maria Ana, Baglione, Enrico, Basili, Roberto, Behrens, Joern, Brizuela, Beatriz, Brunie, Sergio, Cambaz, M. Didem, Cantavella-nadal, Juan, Carrilho, Fernando, Chandler, Ian, Chang-seng, Denis, Charalampakis, Marinos, Cugliari, Lorenzo, Denamie, Clea, Dogan, Gozde Guney, Festa, Gaetano, Fuhrman, David, Gabriel, Alice-agnes, Galea, Pauline, Gibbons, Steven J., Gonzalez, Mauricio, Graziani, Laura, Gutscher, Marc-andre, Harig, Sven, Hebert, Helen, Ionescu, Constantin, Jalayer, Fatemeh, Kalligeris, Nikos, Kanoglu, Utku, Lanucara, Piero, Macias Sanchez, Jorge, Murphy, Shane, Necmioglu, Ocal, Omira, Rachid, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos A., Paris, Raphael, Romano, Fabrizio, Rossetto, Tiziana, Selva, Jacopo, Scala, Antonio, Tonini, Roberto, Trevlopoulos, Konstantinos, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, Urgeles, Roger, Vallone, Roberto, Vilibic, Ivica, Volpe, Manuela, Yalciner, Ahmet C., Babeyko, Andrey, Lorito, Stefano, Hernandez, Francisco, Lauterjungl, Joern, Lovholt, Finn, Rudloff, Alexander, Sorensen, Mathilde, Androsov, Alexey, Aniel-quiroga, Inigo, Armigliato, Alberto, Baptista, Maria Ana, Baglione, Enrico, Basili, Roberto, Behrens, Joern, Brizuela, Beatriz, Brunie, Sergio, Cambaz, M. Didem, Cantavella-nadal, Juan, Carrilho, Fernando, Chandler, Ian, Chang-seng, Denis, Charalampakis, Marinos, Cugliari, Lorenzo, Denamie, Clea, Dogan, Gozde Guney, Festa, Gaetano, Fuhrman, David, Gabriel, Alice-agnes, Galea, Pauline, Gibbons, Steven J., Gonzalez, Mauricio, Graziani, Laura, Gutscher, Marc-andre, Harig, Sven, Hebert, Helen, Ionescu, Constantin, Jalayer, Fatemeh, Kalligeris, Nikos, Kanoglu, Utku, Lanucara, Piero, Macias Sanchez, Jorge, Murphy, Shane, Necmioglu, Ocal, Omira, Rachid, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos A., Paris, Raphael, Romano, Fabrizio, Rossetto, Tiziana, Selva, Jacopo, Scala, Antonio, Tonini, Roberto, Trevlopoulos, Konstantinos, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, Urgeles, Roger, Vallone, Roberto, Vilibic, Ivica, Volpe, Manuela, and Yalciner, Ahmet C.

Abstract

Tsunamis constitute a significant hazard for European coastal populations, and the impact of tsunami events worldwide can extend well beyond the coastal regions directly affected. Understanding the complex mechanisms of tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation, as well as managing the tsunami risk, requires multidisciplinary research and infrastructures that cross national boundaries. Recent decades have seen both great advances in tsunami science and consolidation of the European tsunami research community. A recurring theme has been the need for a sustainable platform for coordinated tsunami community activities and a hub for tsunami services. Following about three years of preparation, in July 2021, the European tsunami community attained the status of Candidate Thematic Core Service (cTCS) within the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Research Infrastructure. Within a transition period of three years, the Tsunami candidate TCS is anticipated to develop into a fully operational EPOS TCS. We here outline the path taken to reach this point, and the envisaged form of the future EPOS TCS Tsunami. Our cTCS is planned to be organised within four thematic pillars: (1) Support to Tsunami Service Providers, (2) Tsunami Data, (3) Numerical Models, and (4) Hazard and Risk Products. We outline how identified needs in tsunami science and tsunami risk mitigation will be addressed within this structure and how participation within EPOS will become an integration point for community development.

Published
2022
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7. Towards the new Thematic Core Service Tsunami within the EPOS Research Infrastructure

Author

Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Babeyko, Andrey, Lorito, Stefano, Hernández, Francisco, Lauterjung, Jörn, Løvholt, Finn, Rudloff, Alexander, Sørensen, Mathilde, Androsov, Alexey, Aniel-Quiroga, Iñigo, Armigliato, Alberto, Baptista, Maria Ana, Baglione, Enrico, Basili, Roberto, Behrens, Jörn, Brizuela, Beatriz, Bruni, Sergio, Cambaz, Didem, Cantavella, J. V., Carillho, Fernando, Chandler, Ian, Chang-Seng, Denis, Charalampakis, M., Cugliari, Lorenzo, Denamiel, Clea, Güney Doğan, Gözde, Festa, Gaetano, Fuhrman, David, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, Galea, Pauline, Gibbons, Steven J., González, Mauricio, Graziani, Laura, Gutscher, Marc-André, Harig, Sven, Hebert, Helene, Ionescu, Constantin, Jalayer, Fatemeh, Kalligeris, Nikos, Kânoğlu, Utku, Lanucara, Piero, Macías, Jorge, Murphy, Shane, Necmioğlu, Öcal, Omira, Rachid, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos, Paris, Raphael, Romano, Fabrizio, Rossetto, Tiziana, Selva, Jacopo, Scala, Antonio, Tonini, Roberto, Trevlopoulos, Konstantinos, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, Urgeles, Roger, Vallone, Roberto, Vilibic, Ivica, Volpe, Manuela, Yalciner, Ahmet, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Babeyko, Andrey, Lorito, Stefano, Hernández, Francisco, Lauterjung, Jörn, Løvholt, Finn, Rudloff, Alexander, Sørensen, Mathilde, Androsov, Alexey, Aniel-Quiroga, Iñigo, Armigliato, Alberto, Baptista, Maria Ana, Baglione, Enrico, Basili, Roberto, Behrens, Jörn, Brizuela, Beatriz, Bruni, Sergio, Cambaz, Didem, Cantavella, J. V., Carillho, Fernando, Chandler, Ian, Chang-Seng, Denis, Charalampakis, M., Cugliari, Lorenzo, Denamiel, Clea, Güney Doğan, Gözde, Festa, Gaetano, Fuhrman, David, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, Galea, Pauline, Gibbons, Steven J., González, Mauricio, Graziani, Laura, Gutscher, Marc-André, Harig, Sven, Hebert, Helene, Ionescu, Constantin, Jalayer, Fatemeh, Kalligeris, Nikos, Kânoğlu, Utku, Lanucara, Piero, Macías, Jorge, Murphy, Shane, Necmioğlu, Öcal, Omira, Rachid, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos, Paris, Raphael, Romano, Fabrizio, Rossetto, Tiziana, Selva, Jacopo, Scala, Antonio, Tonini, Roberto, Trevlopoulos, Konstantinos, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, Urgeles, Roger, Vallone, Roberto, Vilibic, Ivica, Volpe, Manuela, and Yalciner, Ahmet

Abstract

Tsunamis constitute a significant hazard for European coastal populations, and the impact of tsunami events worldwide can extend well beyond the coastal regions directly affected. Understanding the complex mechanisms of tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation, as well as managing the tsunami risk, requires multidisciplinary research and infrastructures that cross national boundaries. Recent decades have seen both great advances in tsunami science and consolidation of the European tsunami research community. A recurring theme has been the need for a sustainable platform for coordinated tsunami community activities and a hub for tsunami services. Following about three years of preparation, in July 2021, the European tsunami community attained the status of Candidate Thematic Core Service (cTCS) within the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Research Infrastructure. Within a transition period of three years, the Tsunami candidate TCS is anticipated to develop into a fully operational EPOS TCS. We here outline the path taken to reach this point, and the envisaged form of the future EPOS TCS Tsunami. Our cTCS is planned to be organised within four thematic pillars: (1) Support to Tsunami Service Providers, (2) Tsunami Data, (3) Numerical Models, and (4) Hazard and Risk Products. We outline how identified needs in tsunami science and tsunami risk mitigation will be addressed within this structure and how participation within EPOS will become an integration point for community development

Published
2022

9. Towards the new Thematic Core Service Tsunami within the EPOS Research Infrastructure

Author

Babeyko, Andrey, additional, Lorito, Stefano, additional, Hernandez, Francisco, additional, Lauterjung, Jörn, additional, Løvholt, Finn, additional, Rudloff, Alexander, additional, Sørensen, Mathilde, additional, Androsov, Alexey, additional, Aniel-Quiroga, Inigo, additional, Armigliato, Alberto, additional, Baptista, Maria Ana, additional, Baglione, Enrico, additional, Basili, Roberto, additional, Behrens, Jörn, additional, Brizuela, Beatriz, additional, Bruni, Sergio, additional, Cambaz, Didem, additional, Cantavella Nadal, Juan, additional, Carillho, Fernando, additional, Chandler, Ian, additional, Chang-Seng, Denis, additional, Charalampakis, Marinos, additional, Cugliari, Lorenzo, additional, Denamiel, Clea, additional, Doğan, Gözde Güney, additional, Festa, Gaetano, additional, Fuhrman, David, additional, Gabriel, Alice-Agnes, additional, Galea, Pauline, additional, Gibbons, Steven, additional, González, Mauricio, additional, Graziani, Laura, additional, Gutscher, Marc-André, additional, Harig, Sven, additional, Hebert, Helene, additional, Ionescu, Constantin, additional, Jalayer, Fatemeh, additional, Kalligeris, Nikos, additional, Kânoğlu, Utku, additional, Lanucara, Piero, additional, Macias Sánchez, Jorge, additional, Murphy, Shane, additional, Necmioğlu, Öcal, additional, Omira, Rachid, additional, Papadopoulos, Gerassimos, additional, Paris, Raphaël, additional, Romano, Fabrizio, additional, Rossetto, Tiziana, additional, Selva, Jacopo, additional, Scala, Antonio, additional, Tonini, Roberto, additional, Trevlopoulos, Konstantinos, additional, Triantafyllou, Ioanna, additional, Urgeles, Roger, additional, Vallone, Roberto, additional, Vilibić, Ivica, additional, Volpe, Manuela, additional, and Yalciner, Ahmet, additional

Published
2022
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11. The Sensitivity of Tsunami Impact to Earthquake Source Parameters and Manning Friction in High-Resolution Inundation Simulations

Author

Gibbons, Steven J., primary, Lorito, Stefano, additional, de la Asunción, Marc, additional, Volpe, Manuela, additional, Selva, Jacopo, additional, Macías, Jorge, additional, Sánchez-Linares, Carlos, additional, Brizuela, Beatriz, additional, Vöge, Malte, additional, Tonini, Roberto, additional, Lanucara, Piero, additional, Glimsdal, Sylfest, additional, Romano, Fabrizio, additional, Meyer, Jan Christian, additional, and Løvholt, Finn, additional

Published
2022
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12. Characterization of fault plane and coseismic slip for the 2 May 2020, <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.6 Cretan Passage earthquake from tide gauge tsunami data and moment tensor solutions

Author

Baglione, Enrico, primary, Lorito, Stefano, additional, Piatanesi, Alessio, additional, Romano, Fabrizio, additional, Basili, Roberto, additional, Brizuela, Beatriz, additional, Tonini, Roberto, additional, Volpe, Manuela, additional, Bayraktar, Hafize Basak, additional, and Amato, Alessandro, additional

Published
2021
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13. Characterization of fault plane and coseismic slip for the 2 May 2020, Mw 6.6 Cretan Passage earthquake from tide gauge tsunami data and moment tensor solutions.

Author

Baglione, Enrico, Lorito, Stefano, Piatanesi, Alessio, Romano, Fabrizio, Basili, Roberto, Brizuela, Beatriz, Tonini, Roberto, Volpe, Manuela, Bayraktar, Hafize Basak, and Amato, Alessandro

Subjects
TSUNAMI warning systems, TSUNAMIS, EARTHQUAKES, TSUNAMI forecasting, SUBDUCTION zones, GAGES, RISK assessment
Abstract

We present a source solution for the tsunami generated by the Mw 6.6 earthquake that occurred on 2 May 2020, about 80 km offshore south of Crete, in the Cretan Passage, on the shallow portion of the Hellenic Arc subduction zone (HASZ). The tide gauges recorded this local tsunami on the southern coast of Crete and Kasos island. We used Crete tsunami observations to constrain the geometry and orientation of the causative fault, the rupture mechanism, and the slip amount. We first modelled an ensemble of synthetic tsunami waveforms at the tide gauge locations, produced for a range of earthquake parameter values as constrained by some of the available moment tensor solutions. We allow for both a splay and a back-thrust fault, corresponding to the two nodal planes of the moment tensor solution. We then measured the misfit between the synthetic and the Ierapetra observed marigram for each source parameter set. Our results identify the shallow, steeply dipping back-thrust fault as the one producing the lowest misfit to the tsunami data. However, a rupture on a lower angle fault, possibly a splay fault, with a sinistral component due to the oblique convergence on this segment of the HASZ, cannot be completely ruled out. This earthquake reminds us that the uncertainty regarding potential earthquake mechanisms at a specific location remains quite significant. In this case, for example, it is not possible to anticipate if the next event will be one occurring on the subduction interface, on a splay fault, or on a back-thrust, which seems the most likely for the event under investigation. This circumstance bears important consequences because back-thrust and splay faults might enhance the tsunamigenic potential with respect to the subduction interface due to their steeper dip. Then, these results are relevant for tsunami forecasting in the framework of both the long-term hazard assessment and the early warning systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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14. The Sensitivity of Tsunami Impact to Earthquake Source Parameters and Manning Friction in High-Resolution Inundation Simulations

Author

Steven J. Gibbons, Stefano Lorito, Marc de la Asunción, Manuela Volpe, Jacopo Selva, Jorge Macías, Carlos Sánchez-Linares, Beatriz Brizuela, Malte Vöge, Roberto Tonini, Piero Lanucara, Sylfest Glimsdal, Fabrizio Romano, Jan Christian Meyer, Finn Løvholt, Gibbons, Steven J., Lorito, Stefano, de la Asuncion, Marc, Volpe, Manuela, Selva, Jacopo, Macias, Jorge, Sanchez-Linares, Carlo, Brizuela, Beatriz, Voge, Malte, Tonini, Roberto, Lanucara, Piero, Glimsdal, Sylfest, Romano, Fabrizio, Christian Meyer, Jan, and Lovholt, Finn

Subjects
numerical simulations, inundation, Science, HPC, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, tsunami, earthquakes
Abstract

In seismically active regions with variable dominant focal mechanisms, there is considerable tsunami inundation height uncertainty. Basic earthquake source parameters such as dip, strike, and rake affect significantly the tsunamigenic potential and the tsunami directivity. Tsunami inundation is also sensitive to other properties such as bottom friction. Despite their importance, sensitivity to these basic parameters is surprisingly sparsely studied in literature. We perform suites of systematic parameter searches to investigate the sensitivity of inundation at the towns of Catania and Siracusa on Sicily to changes both in the earthquake source parameters and the Manning friction. The inundation is modelled using the Tsunami-HySEA shallow water code on a system of nested topo-bathymetric grids with a finest spatial resolution of 10 m. This GPU-based model, with significant HPC resources, allows us to perform large numbers of high-resolution tsunami simulations. We analyze the variability of different hydrodynamic parameters due to large earthquakes with uniform slip at different locations, focal depth, and different source parameters. We consider sources both near the coastline, in which significant near-shore co-seismic deformation occurs, and offshore, where near-shore co-seismic deformation is negligible. For distant offshore earthquake sources, we see systematic and intuitive changes in the inundation with changes in strike, dip, rake, and depth. For near-shore sources, the dependency is far more complicated and co-determined by both the source mechanisms and the coastal morphology. The sensitivity studies provide directions on how to resolve the source discretization to optimize the number of sources in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis, and they demonstrate a need for a far finer discretization of local sources than for more distant sources. For a small number of earthquake sources, we study systematically the inundation as a function of the Manning coefficient. The sensitivity of the inundation to this parameter varies greatly for different earthquake sources and topo-bathymetry at the coastline of interest. The friction greatly affects the velocities and momentum flux and to a lesser but still significant extent the inundation distance from the coastline. An understanding of all these dependencies is needed to better quantify the hazard when source complexity increases.

Published
2022
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