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In humans, AMPylation of cellular proteins is carried out by Huntingtin yeast-interacting protein E (HYPE), activated under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, such as in cancer cells. Extracts of the human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell line, OSU-CLL, were fractionated using immuno-precipitation with antibodies against adenosine-phosphate and then AMP-Tyr. The proteins isolated were modified with AMP, the 'AMPylome.' AMP-labelled peptides isolated from HYPE wild-type (WT) and HYPE knock-out (KO) cells were identified using tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 213 proteins were identified from WT cell extracts, while only 23 of these were pulled down from KO cells, consistent with the presence of another AMPylator, besides HYPE. The KO cells were more sensitive to fludarabine nucleoside (2-FaraA) than WT cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of the AMPylated proteins identified in WT cells clustered actin binding proteins of the cytoskeleton, and proteins of the RHO GTPase pathway that would jointly stimulate cell proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triple combination FCR (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab) is often used as front-line treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Results from our laboratory indicate that 2-FaraAMP (fludarabine) has multiple mechanisms of cytotoxicity that include accumulation of isoforms and phosphorylated derivatives of p53, and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Using protein pull-downs with Dynabeads coated with p53 antibody, we have found that 2-FaraA (fludarabine nucleoside) induces major changes in the p53 interactome in human Raji lymphoma and IM9 multiple myeloma cells. These changes are likely driven by DNA strand breaks induced by 2-FaraA that activate protein kinases such as ATM, ATR and Chk1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The Chinese community constitutes the largest demographic and faces the highest rates of cancer incidence in Singapore. Given this, palliative care plays a crucial role in supporting individuals, particularly those nearing the end of life, with family serving as their primary source of support. Many Chinese family caregivers in Singapore reported significant unmet needs in cancer care provision, with studies indicating that they often bear the brunt of caregiving responsibilities. Despite this, there has been a lack of research exploring the needs and perspectives of Chinese Singaporean family caregivers caring for terminally ill cancer patients at home. Thus, this study seeks to address this gap by investigating the lived experiences of Chinese Singaporean family caregivers providing end-of-life cancer care in a home setting., Methods: This study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, guided by the framework developed by van Manen (1990), to uncover the essential meaning of each participant's lived experience. In-depth, semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted face-to-face with ten Chinese Singaporean family caregivers. These caregivers shared their personal journeys of caring for a loved one with advanced cancer during their final stage of life at home. The interviews were audio recorded, and open-ended questions were used to facilitate discussion. Each interview lasted between 30 and 60 min. The principal investigator manually transcribed all audio recordings. Additionally, an external transcriber translated the interviews into written form to ensure accuracy and authenticity. The interview texts were then analyzed and interpreted using the philosophical underpinnings rooted in phenomenology., Results: The attempts to identify meanings and make sense of the Chinese Singaporean's lived experience led to the development of two main themes and eight sub-themes. Under the primary theme of "experiences from caregiving" comprises the sub-themes "being a caregiver," "suffering," and "well-being," and the major theme of "expectations in caregiving" encompasses the sub-themes "caregiving support," "decision-making," "communication," "spirituality," and "being a Chinese Singaporean"., Conclusion: In conclusion, addressing family caregivers' needs requires culturally sensitive nursing education, peer support initiatives, public awareness campaigns, and enhanced training for domestic helpers. These measures, coupled with further research into diverse cultural caregiving needs and male caregivers' experiences, will improve support systems and empower caregivers in their essential roles., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval: Ethical approval was obtained from both the University of Southern Queensland Research Ethics Committee (H20REA101) and the Agency for Integrated Care Institutional Review Board (2020–002). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Planetary Health emphasizes the interconnectedness of human health and the natural environment. Despite this, human-induced destruction of ecosystems threatens planetary stability. Understanding planetary empathy may offer insights into how healthcare professionals can better live and work with nature., Purpose: This paper presents a concept analysis of planetary empathy, exploring its impact on healthcare and the roles of healthcare professionals., Methods: The Walker and Avant eight-stage approach for concept analysis informed this paper. Data were obtained from literature searches, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and relevant international organization websites., Discussion: Planetary empathy is a cyclical process involving reflection, reciprocal relationships with nature, recognition of biases, responsibility for future generations, and behavioral responses to protect planetary health., Conclusion: Planetary empathy catalyzes prosocial environmental behaviors. Healthcare professionals who embody this empathy are more likely to be engaged in creating a healthier, more equitable world for all people and ecosystems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: The objective of this article is to compare outcomes of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for surgical management of renal tumours by performing a systematic review., Materials and Methods: Prospective randomised controlled trials comparing robotic to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy were included in this analysis. No date or language restriction was imposed. Studies on paediatric patients (<16 years old) were excluded. No specific outcomes were required for inclusion in the analysis. The authors independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the risk of bias tool (RoB 1). Meta-analysis was performed using ReviewManager (RevMan) Software (Cochrane Collaboration, London, United Kingdom)., Results: Two prospective randomised controlled trials involving 190 participants were included. A comparative analysis of 190 patients undergoing partial nephrectomy showed no significant difference in overall complication rates. However, RAPN was associated with a reduced risk of minor complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 1-2). Operatively, LPN demonstrated a marginally shorter duration; whereas, RAPN showed a slight advantage in warm ischemia time. Regarding renal function, RAPN resulted in a less pronounced increase in serum creatinine levels six months postoperatively. In contrast, changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate did not significantly differ between the groups. Length of hospital stay and positive surgical margin rates were comparable between approaches., Conclusion: There is limited low-quality evidence in small-scale trials that may indicate robotic partial nephrectomy is comparable to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. RAPN has lower minor complication rates, with potential advantages in warm ischemia time and complication rates.

Background: Climate Change is causing frequent and sever extreme weather events globally, impacting human health and well-being. Primary healthcare (PHC) nurses' are at the forefront of addressing these challenges and must be prepared., Purpose: This scoping revieww explored literature on the preparedness of the PHC nursing workforce for extreme weather events and identify gaps in knowledge and practice., Methods: Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, CINHAL, Web of Sciences, and ProQuest, on studies from 2014-2024, addressing PHC nurses' preparedness., Discussion: Nine studies were identified and highlighted a need for preparedness training and facility-based preparedness plans. Key themes included prioritizing regional networks, clinical leadership, service delivery, health information, health workforce, medical products and technologies, and financing., Conclusion: Strengthening PHC nurses' resilience against extreme weather requires targeted professional development, mental health support, comprehensive planning, and collaborative efforts. Future strategies should enhance PHC nurses' capacity through training, support, and policy development., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The pathological grade of prostate cancer is the strongest predictor of recurrence. It is unclear whether the better predictor is the composite of all carcinomas within the prostate, or the highest grade lesion (index). The purpose of this study was to determine whether composite or index grade group better predicts biochemical recurrence (BCR). We undertook a retrospective analysis from a prospective institutional cohort study of men who underwent radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer between 2009 and 2020, in which an index and composite grade group was reported. The index grade in this study was defined as the highest grade of any tumour, usually with the highest stage, regardless of volume. Multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier plots were utilised. A total of 2024 men underwent radical prostatectomy during the study period; we analysed 1605 with composite grade group 2 or 3 prostate cancer. Median preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 5.9 ng/L, mean follow up was 56.8 months, 54% were pT2, 76% had multifocal disease and 16% had discordant index and composite grades. Patients with discordant index grade group had a higher risk of BCR [hazard ratio (HR) 2.22, p<0.0001]. The prevalence of BCR in the discordant group was higher at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years (4.7% vs 8.9%, 8.3% vs 18.1%, 14.5% vs 28.8% and 22.5% vs 49.5%, respectively). In cases of discordance, a higher index grade group is associated with increased rates of BCR after radical prostatectomy. Index rather than composite grade group should be used to counsel men post-operatively regarding prognosis and follow-up., (Crown Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Aims and Objectives: This discursive paper provides a call to action from an international collective of Indigenous nurse academics from Australia, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand and the USA, for nurses to be allies in supporting policies and resources necessary to equitably promote Indigenous health outcomes., Background: Indigenous Peoples with experiences of colonisation have poorer health compared to other groups, as health systems have failed to address their needs and preferences. Achieving health equity will require leadership from Indigenous nurses to develop and implement new systems of care delivery. However, little is known about how Indigenous nurses influence health systems as levers for change., Design: A Kaupapa Māori case study design., Methods: Using a Kaupapa Māori case study methodology, coupled with expert Indigenous nursing knowledge, we developed a consensus on key themes. Themes were derived from three questions posed across the four countries. Themes were collated to illustrate how Indigenous nurses have provided nursing leadership to redress colonial injustices, contribute to models of care and enhance the Indigenous workforce., Results: These case studies highlight Indigenous nurses provide strong leadership to influence outcomes for Indigenous Peoples. Five strategies were noted across the four countries: (1) Indigenous nationhood and reconciliation as levers for change, (2) Indigenous nursing leadership, (3) Indigenous workforce strategies, (4) Development of culturally safe practice and Indigenous models of care and (5) Indigenous nurse activism., Conclusions: In light of 2020 declared International Year of the Nurse and Midwife, we assert Indigenous nurses' work must be visible to support development of strategic approaches for improving health outcomes, including resources for workforce expansion and for implementing new care models., Relevance to Clinical Practice: Curating strategies to promote Indigenous nurse leaders around the world is essential for improving models of healthcare delivery and health outcomes for Indigenous Peoples., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Lunatic asylums formed part of the civic infrastructure that was constructed out of British colonists invading and subsequently colonising unceded, Indigenous Australian lands during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. This historical narrative examined nineteenth century primary and secondary sources including, patient lists, medical files, and government correspondence, to provide insight into the experiences of Indigenous Australians admitted to Australia's earliest lunatic asylums. Awareness that lunatic asylums formed part of the structure imposed during colonisation, provides nurses and other health professionals with greater historical literacy regarding the impact of colonial lunatic asylums on Indigenous Australians. Such impacts continue to be experienced through transgenerational trauma and emphasise the importance of culturally safe mental health services.

Three of nineteen Araucaria tree species from around the world produce large edible seeds. While composition is established for edible pinhão and piñones nuts from Brazil and Chile, respectively, the first detailed characterisation for the composition of edible Araucaria bidwillii (bunya nut) from Australia is provided. Almost half of the kernel weight is moisture and the main component in the dried kernel is starch. Whilst low in protein and fat, it contains all essential amino acids and half the fatty acids are polyunsaturated (Omega-3 and 6). Bunya nuts are a source of dietary fibre, folate and minerals (Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg), while the nut husks and inner coating are high in phenolics, mainly catechin. The composition supports the Traditional Knowledge of Aboriginal Australians that the bunya nut is an energy dense and nutrient rich food. Similarities in the composition among the three different edible varieties were found, which should assist in developing sustainable value chain propositions via shared knowledge on processing and utilisation., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Inpatient surgical site infections (SSIs) cause morbidity in children. The SSI rate among pediatric ambulatory surgery patients is less clear. To fill this gap, we conducted a multiple-institution, retrospective epidemiologic study to identify incidence, risk factors, and outcomes., Methods: We identified patients aged <22 years with ambulatory visits between October 2010 and September 2015 via electronic queries at 3 medical centers. We performed sample chart reviews to confirm ambulatory surgery and adjudicate SSIs. Weighted Poisson incidence rates were calculated. Separately, we used case-control methodology using multivariate backward logistical regression to assess risk-factor association with SSI., Results: In total, 65,056 patients were identified by queries, and we performed complete chart reviews for 13,795 patients; we identified 45 SSIs following ambulatory surgery. The weighted SSI incidence following pediatric ambulatory surgery was 2.00 SSI per 1,000 ambulatory surgeries (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-3.00). Integumentary surgeries had the highest weighted SSI incidence, 3.24 per 1,000 ambulatory surgeries (95% CI, 0.32-12). The following variables carried significantly increased odds of infection: clean contaminated or contaminated wound class compared to clean (odds ratio [OR], 9.8; 95% CI, 2.0-48), other insurance type compared to private (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.6-9.8), and surgery on weekend day compared to weekday (OR, 30; 95% CI, 2.9-315). Of the 45 instances of SSI following pediatric ambulatory surgery, 40% of patients were admitted to the hospital and 36% required a new operative procedure or bedside incision and drainage., Conclusions: Our findings suggest that morbidity is associated with SSI following ambulatory surgery in children, and we also identified possible targets for intervention.

Bunya nuts are the seeds of Araucaria bidwillii, a conifer native to South-East Queensland, Australia. They are one of the 19 species of Araucaria family found around the world, with the nuts from South America being the most commonly consumed. They are traditionally eaten boiled or roasted. This study aims to profile the sensory properties of bunya nuts with chestnut as a comparator. Since chestnuts do not come from a conifer tree, it is expected that there will be differences. Different methods of preparation are also expected to change the sensory attributes. Representative samples were collected from a variety of locations in South-East Queensland, prepared and presented to a panel of 14 experienced tasters applying conventional sensory descriptive profiling. During training, the panel developed a lexicon of 23 sensory attributes together with definitions and reference. Profiles of the boiled and roasted bunya nuts revealed higher scores for hardness on the first bite than chestnuts and, when chewed, became more crumbly, dry, and grainy. They had a savory aroma and flavor, and roasted samples exhibited a roasted aroma. Bunya nut samples were less sweet than chestnut samples. Differences in the sensory properties due to method of preparation were also observed. Boiled bunya nuts were softer and moister, with lower scores for crumbly and grainy. This research is foundational in providing technical information on the sensory profile of this important Indigenous Australian nut and provides a strong basis to support novel food sector opportunities for the bunya nut as a reemerging food source not only in Australia, but also South America. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: There is an increase demand for local, sustainable, and natural foods. Bunya nuts are native to Australia and are part of the Araucaria family, which includes 19 species that can be found around the world. To the best of our knowledge there is no study characterizing Araucaria nuts in terms of sensory attributes. This study builds a lexicon for bunya nuts and compares to chestnuts. It also shows how different preparation methods affect its sensory attributes, as well as possible future uses in product development. The outcomes might provide information to support studies on Araucaria nuts in other countries., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Food Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists.)

Background : As a result of the intergenerational trauma impact and experience, Native Americans continue to exhibit trauma-related issues such as high rates of substance use. After leaving high school, the pressures and stress of continuing an education, finding work/employment, and the responsibilities related to family and tribal community obligations result in the Native American young adult being more vulnerable to substance use. Objective : The purpose of this paper is to report findings of the Talking Circle intervention impact on the outcome variables of Native-Reliance, substance use, stress, and behavioural health, depression, and cumulative trauma. Methods : Native-Reliance was the theoretical underpinning for the study, demonstrating culturally safe research. A pre-test/post-test one-group design was utilised to examine how the Talking Circle intervention influenced the outcome variables. In total, 75 Native American participants, ages 18-24, participated in the Talking Circle intervention sessions. Baseline pre-intervention measures were completed and were repeated at 6-month post-intervention. Results : At 6-month post-intervention, Native-Reliance significantly revealed an increase of 40.55 ( t  = 22.13, p  < .001), sources of stress (SS) revealed a significant decline of 3.68 ( t  = -18.39, p  < .001), behavioural health issues (BH) showed a significant decline of 3.63 ( t  = -15.36, p  < .001), substance-related issues (SR) showed a significant decline of 3.57 ( t  = -15.24, p  < .001), depression (PHQ-9) showed a significant decline of 4.85 ( t  = -17.02, p  < .001), and cumulative trauma revealed a significant decline of 2.77 ( t  = -13.39, p  < .001). Conclusions : The use of a culturally safe Talking Circle intervention evidenced a research approach that resulted in a positive impact on reducing substance use and increasing the well-being of young Native American young adults. Impact Statement: Culturally safer intervention environments are conducive to results in outcomes that are positive and effective.

The nursing/midwifery professions are facing a sea change with the inclusion of cultural safety in the Code of Conduct for Registered Nurses [Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2018a). Midwife standards of practice . Retrieved January 30, 2021, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx], the Code of Conduct for Midwives [Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2018b). Code of conduct for nurses . Retrieved January 30, 2021, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx], the Registered Nurse Accreditation Standards (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council. (2019). Registered Nurse Accreditation Standards . Retrieved from https://www.anmac.org.au/), and the Midwife Accreditation Standards [Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council. (2021). Midwife Accreditation Standards . Retrieved from https://www.anmac.org.au/standards-and-review/midwife]. In this paper, we focus on the theme of enabling cultural safety seeking to overcome the barrier of confusion surrounding it. The inclusion of cultural safety in codes and accreditation standards highlights the pressing need for these professions to attain deep understanding of cultural safety so that clinicians and educators can confidently practice and teach in this area. This need is underscored by the context of heightened awareness, that developed amongst mainstream Australians with Black Lives Matter in 2020, of inequity including health inequity. Our concern as academics responsible for staff development, curriculum development and implementation in university Schools of Nursing/Midwifery is to enable and support the teaching and practice of cultural safety. Its focus on working in partnership, addressing power imbalances, racisms and related systems of discrimination constitutes it as a vastly different model to cultural other-awareness and notions of cultural competency which have held sway on matters of culture in health service provision up to now. Our approach was to undertake a reflection on our combined decades of studying, leadership, teaching, and practice of cultural safety, which consistently showed the confusion in Australia about the model overall and about the definition of culture underpinning it. This paper supports the profession by addressing the need to educate academics and clinicians on cultural safety itself and on the role of all nurses/midwives, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, in these endeavours. This paper encourages a coherent development and confident implementation of cultural safety curriculum and practice to meet current requirements.