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Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Çocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi is the property of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Cocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of implementing the BioFire® Blood Culture Identification 2 (BCID2) Panel (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) in the clinical practice of children with sepsis. This retrospective cross-sectional study included children from 15 days of age to 18 years old with sepsis and of whom the BCID2 Panel was studied from the positive blood culture. If the antimicrobial treatment was changed according to the results of BCID2 Panel, it was recorded and re-grouped as targeted antimicrobial therapy, de-escalation of the antimicrobial treatment and shifting to another antimicrobial drug if any antimicrobial resistance was detected. Seven-days and thirty-days mortality rate was recorded. Thirty-two patients with 36 septic episodes with positive BCID2 Panel results were included. The median age was 10 months 15 days (ranging from 15 days to 16.5 years). The mean difference between having positive results by the BCID2 Panel and conventional culture methods was 82.2 ± 45.4 h (ranging from 12.3 to 207 h). Effect of the BCID2 Panel on the antimicrobial treatment was detected in 69.4% of the episodes (n = 25). Glycopeptides were ceased at 6 patients, piperacillin/tazobactam was ceased at 6 patients, and cefotaxime was ceased at one patient and de-escalation was achieved in 13 episodes which formed the 36.1% of the initial antimicrobial treatment. Conclusion: The BCID2 Panel had an important impact on the patients care and optimization according to the principles of antimicrobial stewardship. The BCID2 Panel may be one of the key items for rapid and accurate diagnosis in children with sepsis. Blood culture is still the mainstay for especially detection of antimicrobial drug resistance, while BCID2 tests had several advantages such as speed and diagnostic accuracy as good as blood culture. What is Known: • The BioFire® Blood Culture Identification 2 (BCID2) Panel (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) is a well-validated assay that allows for the simultaneous identification of 43 nucleic acid targets associated with bloodstream infections within about 1 h. What is New: • BCID2 Panel had a direct impact on the patient's treatment decision at the 69.4% of the sepsis episodes. • The clinicians received the microbiological results 82.2 h earlier with BCID2 panel compared to blood culture methods with antimicrobial resistance and de-escalation of the antimicrobial drugs was achieved at 13 episodes which formed the 36.1% of the initial treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Çocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi is the property of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Cocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tepecik Education & Research Hospital / İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium that spreads via the fecal-oral route and causes asymptomatic carriage or mild diarrheal diseases such as pseudomembranous enterocolitis. C. difficile is the commonest cause of nosocomial and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in North America and Europe. It can produce two toxins called A and B. Strains producing toxins can lead to a more serious disease picture that causes megacolon, perforation or septic shock. The use of molecular methods with high specificity and sensitivity has become widespread in recent years. The use of molecular methods with high specificity and sensitivity, which are easier to apply in diagnosis, and to obtain rapid results, has become widespread in recent years. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate C. difficile results determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from stool samples. Methods: 109 fecal samples that came to our laboratory between January 2017 and September 2018 on suspicion of C. difficile infection were tested with the GeneXpert C. difficile PCR (Cepheid, CA, AD) method. The data obtained are interpreted as positive, negative or invalid results. Results: A total of 109 samples were tested. 66 (61%) of the stool samples belonged to male and 43 (39%) female patients. Twenty-five (23%) of the patients were under the age of 18 and 36 (33%) under the age of 18 years. Of the samples, 26 (24%) were from intensive care units, 60 (55%) were from services and 23 (21%) were from polyclinics. It was found 109 from stool samples. 9 (8%), C. difficile PCR test toxin B positive, 100 (92%) negative. Conclusion: The most important cause of nosocomial diarrhea is C. difficile. The main predisposing factor of infection is the use of antibiotics. Prophylaxis or even one dose of antibiotic therapy may be sufficient for the development of C. difficile infection. Rapid and accurate diagnosis by PCR is important for early initiation of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]