Search

Pythium insidiosum is an important oomycete pathogen of mammals that causes pythiosis, an endemic disease in warm climates that stands out for its unfavorable prognosis, lethality in the affected species, and difficulties in treatment. This study evaluated in vitro anti-P. insidiosum potential of aqueous, hydroethanolic, and ethanolic extracts of indigenous wild mushrooms from southern Brazil. The extracts were prepared from Amanita gemmata, Amanita muscaria, Auricularia auricula, Gymnopilus junonius, Lactarius deliciosus, Laccaria laccata, Psilocybe cubensis, and Russula xerampelina. In vitro susceptibility assays employed the microdilution technique according to the M38-A2 protocol CLSI. The hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts of R. xerampelina showed anti-P. insidiosum activity at minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 1.87--7.50 mg/mL. The other mushroom species extracts showed no inhibitory effects on growth of P. insidiosum. This is the first study to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of mushrooms on oomycetes, evidencing the antimicrobial potential of R. xerampelina on the pathogen P. insidiosum. So, the present study expands new perspectives, since the secondary metabolites produced by mushrooms can be potential targets for the development of new categories of medicines. However, considering the wide biodiversity of Brazilian mushrooms, we suggested that the search for other basidiomycetes species with anti-P. insidiosum action needs to be expanded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biocompounds present in various edible fungi of the basidiomycetes family such as Hericium erinaceus, Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus eryngii have lead to a great interest because they have been reported to have beneficial properties for health. There are various methods for the extraction of biocompounds, in which the majority is needed the use of thermal methods which affect the action of biocompounds, the objective of this work was the application of the process of the physical method of sonication, a friendly method with the environment, the amount of total soluble solids and its relationship with the antioxidant, antimicrobiological action against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and laccase enzymatic. For the extraction of the sample, the dehydrated fruiting fungus was used after sonication and removal of solvents, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by colorimetric methods: DPPH and ABTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungi are very abundant and ubiquitous organisms in nature, playing an important role in the balance of ecosystems. It is estimated that there are 1.5 million species worldwide, of which 60% are microscopic fungi. This work was focused on the taxonomic and ethnobotanical characterization of macromycetes, which, since pre-Hispanic times, have had various uses, such as human consumption, medicinal, ceremonial, among others. Random samplings were carried out in the months of June, July and August of 2022, in three localities of Ahuacatlán, Puebla, obtaining 63 specimens: 33 in Agua Fría (Akatipek), 17 in Pochalca (Xopanapa) and 13 in Zitlala (Koyoltipek). Specimens were collected in Kraft paper bags, labeled and transported in a basket to the CIBA-IPN Mycology Laboratory for their study. Until current date, 51 different species have been identified using taxonomic keys and 12 specimens are yet to be determined. In addition, a survey was carried out among the locals regarding the use of mushrooms, finding that of the total number of species, only 3 have edible use. We conclude that it is necessary to continue with the study of the specimens to have a better understanding of their diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]