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The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that the potential for increasing the replacement period of engine oil in modern and promising automotive engines should have not only a marketing basis, but also a scientific justification for its implementation. The aim of the study is to reduce the unit cost of maintenance of automobile engines by increasing the timing of engine oil change. A particular task within the framework of this article is to establish the factors that cause an increase in the period for replacing engine oil in automobile diesel engines (on the example of the KAMAZ R6 family). The methodological apparatus for solving this problem was based on an in-depth analysis of previously obtained results of experimental studies of the patterns of «aging» of motor oils in diesel engines of the KAMAZ V8 family, depending on various factors in conjunction with the criterion of «rigidity» of the engine oil. For the first time, a quantitative assessment of the influence of the identified factors on the increase in the oil change period is given (ceteris paribus): – the use of oils of higher classes in terms of performance – for example, the transition from CD to CF-4 / SG according to API – by 4,4 times; – reduction of sulfur content in fuel - for example, for the API CG-4 class with a decrease from 0,05% to 0,035% – by 2,6 times, for the API CI-4 class with a decrease from 0,035% to 0,001% – in 2,3 times; – reduction of the criterion of «rigidity» of oil operation A – for example, for API CF-4 / SG class with a decrease (in terms of engine power) from A = 770 to A = 550 – 4 times; for the API CI-4/CG-4 class with a decrease (in terms of oil sump capacity) from A = 1176 to A = 835 – by 2,8 times, and to A = 640 – by 3,1 times. The basic requirements for engine oil of engines of the KAMAZ R6 family are formulated. The selected oils of two brands provided a test-confirmed increase to 150 thousand km. replacement period, and therefore were approved for use by the manufacturer of KAMAZ PJSC. The theoretical value for the development of the branch of science «Operation of road transport» lies in the fact that the identified factors and patterns contribute to the study of the efficiency, quality, characteristics, performance indicators of automotive operating materials. The author sees further research based on this work in a formalized assessment of the influence of the factors under consideration on the period of replacement of engine oil.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that the potential for increasing the replacement period of engine oil in modern and promising automotive engines should have not only a marketing basis, but also a scientific justification for its implementation. The aim of the study is to reduce the unit cost of maintenance of automobile engines by increasing the timing of engine oil change. A particular task within the framework of this article is to establish the factors that cause an increase in the period for replacing engine oil in automobile diesel engines (on the example of the KAMAZ R6 family). The methodological apparatus for solving this problem was based on an in-depth analysis of previously obtained results of experimental studies of the patterns of «aging» of motor oils in diesel engines of the KAMAZ V8 family, depending on various factors in conjunction with the criterion of «rigidity» of the engine oil. For the first time, a quantitative assessment of the influence of the identified factors on the increase in the oil change period is given (ceteris paribus): – the use of oils of higher classes in terms of performance – for example, the transition from CD to CF-4 / SG according to API – by 4,4 times; – reduction of sulfur content in fuel - for example, for the API CG-4 class with a decrease from 0,05% to 0,035% – by 2,6 times, for the API CI-4 class with a decrease from 0,035% to 0,001% – in 2,3 times; – reduction of the criterion of «rigidity» of oil operation A – for example, for API CF-4 / SG class with a decrease (in terms of engine power) from A = 770 to A = 550 – 4 times; for the API CI-4/CG-4 class with a decrease (in terms of oil sump capacity) from A = 1176 to A = 835 – by 2,8 times, and to A = 640 – by 3,1 times. The basic requirements for engine oil of engines of the KAMAZ R6 family are formulated. The selected oils of two brands provided a test-confirmed increase to 150 thousand km. replacement period, and therefore were approved for use by the manufacturer of KAMAZ PJSC. The theoretical value for the development of the branch of science «Operation of road transport» lies in the fact that the identified factors and patterns contribute to the study of the efficiency, quality, characteristics, performance indicators of automotive operating materials. The author sees further research based on this work in a formalized assessment of the influence of the factors under consideration on the period of replacement of engine oil.

The lubricating properties of motor oils are of great importance for the normal operation of the crank and gas distribution mechanisms of the engine. In the cylinder-piston group, where the greatest friction forces and loads occur, as a result, the quality of engine oil directly affects the resource of the internal combustion engine (ICE). Of no less importance is the constant presence of a reliable oil film in the contact zone of the support and connecting rod necks of the crankshaft with sliding bearings. In addition to the operating time, the parameters are influenced by external environmental factors, operating conditions and the residual life of the engine at the time of oil filling. Factors affecting the operation are important for the study of oils in order to provide information about the quality of oil and the condition of the car in conjunction with these indicators. To derive oil indicators, it is required to conduct laboratory tests using special equipment in order to give more accurate information about the quality of the engine oil under study. Purpose. Determination of the residual oil life and its effect on the mechanisms of the car engine during operation. Method or methodology of work. The article used laboratory studies using existing instruments. Results. The most informative parameters showing the residual resource of motor oils and their effect on the internal combustion engine are obtained. The scope of the results. The obtained results should be used when working with vehicles that use engine oil and premature identification of cause-and-effect relationships during the repair of internal combustion engines.

Introduction. The reliability and service life of an engine is largely dependent on the quality of the engine oil. Without oil at the proper level of performance, an internal combustion engine can suffer from wear and tear, which in many cases can lead to engine failure. One of the factors in the loss of the quality level of engine oil is its contamination. For example, kinematic viscosity will gradually increase as the engine oil becomes contaminated with soot, dirt and sludge; or it may be oxidized. If the viscosity of the engine oil is too high, the engine must do extra work to overcome the increased viscosity resistance.Fuel and water dilution is one of the most common contaminants in diesel engines.Materials and Methods. The paper presents the results of a study of the combined effect of water and diesel fuel on synthetic engine oil at their various concentrations. The influence evaluation of contaminants on changes in the performance characteristics of the lubricant, such as: kinematic viscosity at 40° C (measurement was carried out on an automatic Stabinger SVM 3000 viscometer), base and acid numbers (values obtained using an automatic Titroline Alpha 20 Plus titrator), as well as concentration measurement elements - indicators of engine oil on an optical emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma of the iCAP 7000 series.Conclusions. The presence of contaminants in the engine oil leads to an increase in kinematic viscosity, during the operation of the engine oil, the value of its base number becomes less, and the value of the acid, on the contrary, increases. It is necessary to replace engine oils when the base number decreases by 50% or according to the balance of base and acid numbers.Scope of Study/Opportunity. This type of low temperature performance modelling provides insight into how the oil deteriorates and evaluates the change in oil performance during use.Originality/value. The study can be the basis for developing recommendations for improving the maintenance of internal combustion engines for enterprises that have cars with diesel engines at their disposal in order to increase the resource of power units and reduce operating costs.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a well-established primary qualitative screening tool for Condition Monitoring (CM) of in-service lubricants, with three key determinative ASTM methods often used to accept their continued use or condemn them. These include Acid Number (AN), Base Number (BN) and moisture (H2O), all tedious and environmentally problematic titrimetric methods. The latter have been developed into FTIR quantitative methods through the use of targeted stoichiometric reactions to produce infrared-active products readily and accurately quantified. FTIR CM is discussed in the context of these methods, their tribological significance and the basic analytical concepts examined and compared. The evolution of new FTIR qualitative and quantitative methodology is reviewed from its origins in edible oil analysis to the high-throughput analytical FTIR systems used by commercial CM laboratories to produce ASTM-comparable data in lieu of titration. Comparisons of chemometric vs. stoichiometric approaches are made, including implementation, applications, and instrumentation. Commercial implementation and performance of proprietary quantitative FTIR/IR systems are discussed with a focus on the stoichiometric approach. Current developments include generic, manual FTIR methods combining simplicity, universality, and practical environmental benefits in being able to serve as alternatives to titrimetric procedures. A new methodological approach that could unify the three deterministic FTIR methods under a single, IR-active reaction product is also presented.

In this paper, we present the results of temperature tests of plastic lubricants prepared based on calcium sulfonates. For the preparation of greases, thickeners with various alkaline numbers and base oils differing in their structural and group composition were used. The tested greases showed similar dynamics of temperature changes in the friction coefficient, which is associated with an identical mechanism of action of the sulfonate thickener during the formation of a modified surface layer. Samples with S-300 "A" thickener and the dispersion media VHVI-4 and S-9 oils have an optimal combination of physicochemical and tribological properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]