60 results on '"Alice Yu"'
Search Results
2. A contemporary comparison of laparoscopic versus open partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma
- Author
-
Edouard Nicaise, Adam S. Feldman, Andrew Gusev, Alice Yu, Naren Nimmagadda, Matthew F. Wszolek, Francis McGovern, Michael L. Blute, and Douglas M. Dahl
- Subjects
Laparoscopy ,Open surgery ,Partial nephrectomy ,Renal cell carcinoma ,Renal function ,Outcomes ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Purpose To analyze surgical and oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing open partial nephrectomy (OPN) versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods We retrospectively investigated our institutional RCC database for patients who underwent PN for RCC from 1997 to 2018. Decision for technique was at the discretion of the operating urologist, following practice patterns and training history. Outcomes analyzed included pre/peri/post-operative parameters, pathologic outcomes, and disease recurrence rates. Results 1088 patients underwent PN from 1997 to 2018. After exclusionary criteria, 631 patients who underwent 647 unique PNs for a total of 162 OPN and 485 LPN remained. Baseline, pre-op, and pathologic characteristics were not statistically different. Surgical time was lower in laparoscopic cases [185 vs. 205 min] (p = 0.013). Margin involvement was not statistically different; LPN had lower estimated blood loss (EBL) [150 vs. 250 mL] (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A Description and Safety Overview of Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Tissue Ablation in Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Preliminary Results from the PRESERVE Trial
- Author
-
Arvin K. George, Ranko Miocinovic, Amit R. Patel, Derek J. Lomas, Andres F. Correa, David Y. T. Chen, Ardeshir R. Rastinehad, Michael J. Schwartz, Edward M. Uchio, Abhinav Sidana, Brian T. Helfand, Jeffrey C. Gahan, Alice Yu, Srinivas Vourganti, Al Baha Barqawi, Wayne G. Brisbane, James S. Wysock, Thomas J. Polascik, Timothy D. McClure, and Jonathan A. Coleman
- Subjects
prostate cancer ,irreversible electroporation ,ablation ,focal therapy ,clinical trial ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
The PRESERVE study (NCT04972097) aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the NanoKnife System to ablate prostate tissue in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). The NanoKnife uses irreversible electroporation (IRE) to deliver high-voltage electrical pulses to change the permeability of cell membranes, leading to cell death. A total of 121 subjects with organ-confined PCa ≤ T2c, prostate-specific antigens (PSAs) ≤ 15 ng/mL, and a Gleason score of 3 + 4 or 4 + 3 underwent focal ablation of the index lesion. The primary endpoints included negative in-field biopsy and adverse event incidence, type, and severity through 12 months. At the time of analysis, the trial had completed accrual with preliminary follow-up available. Demographics, disease characteristics, procedural details, PSA responses, and adverse events (AEs) are presented. The median (IQR) age at screening was 67.0 (61.0–72.0) years and Gleason distribution 3 + 4 (80.2%) and 4 + 3 (19.8%). At 6 months, all patients with available data (n = 74) experienced a median (IQR) percent reduction in PSA of 67.6% (52.3–82.2%). Only ten subjects (8.3%) experienced a Grade 3 adverse event; five were procedure-related. No Grade ≥ 4 AEs were reported. This study supports prior findings that IRE prostate ablation with the NanoKnife System can be performed safely. Final results are required to fully assess oncological, functional, and safety outcomes.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Survival Benefits of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Positive Soft Tissue Surgical Margins Following Radical Cystectomy in Bladder Cancer with Extravesical Extension
- Author
-
Prithvi B. Murthy, Shreyas Naidu, Facundo Davaro, Philippe E. Spiess, Logan Zemp, Michael Poch, Rohit Jain, Aram Vosoughi, G. Daniel Grass, Alice Yu, Wade J. Sexton, Scott M. Gilbert, and Roger Li
- Subjects
radical cystectomy ,adjuvant therapy ,surgical margins ,multi-modal therapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Muscle invasive bladder cancer with extravesical extension is an aggressive disease entity that requires multimodal therapy. The benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in patients with a positive soft-tissue surgical margin (STSM), however, are relatively unknown due to exclusion of this population in randomized controlled trials of AC. We sought to define survival benefits in this patient population through our institutional bladder cancer database. Methods: Retrospective review of all patients undergoing radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder from 2004–2020 with ≥pT3b disease irrespective of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) use was conducted. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) estimates were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test, and the Cox-proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of improved PFS and OS. AC was defined by any chemotherapy use within 90 days of cystectomy, regardless of STSM status. Results: 476 patients with pT3b disease or worse were identified. Median follow-up was 12.3 months. An amount of 21% of patients were treated with AC. An amount of 24% of patients had positive STSM. Median OS for patients with positive STSM was 8.4 months [95% CI 7–11.5] and 18.3 months [95% CI 15.6–20.8] (p < 0.001) for patients with negative STSM. In the overall cohort, positive STSM (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.45–2.57, p < 0.001), AC use (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51–0.90, p = 0.007), and pN1–3 disease (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16–1.87, p = 0.002) were independent predictors of OS when adjusted for performance status, pT-stage, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy use. In patients with positive STSM, median survival was seven months [95% CI 5.2–8.4] without AC, compared to 16.2 months [95% CI 11.5–52.5] with AC (p = 0.0038). For patients with negative STSM, median survival was 17.4 months [95% CI 14–20.1] without AC compared to 22.3 months [95% CI 17.2–36.9] with AC (p = 0.23). In patients with positive STSM, AC use was the only factor associated with an OS benefit with a HR of 0.41 (95% CI 0.21–0.78, p = 0.007). In patients with negative STSM, pT4 and pN1–3 disease were the only factors associated with worse overall survival with a HR of 1.32 (95% CI 1.00–1.74, p = 0.050) and 1.97 (95% CI 1.49–2.60, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Administration of adjuvant chemotherapy is of particular benefit in patients with positive STSM following radical cystectomy for gross extravesical disease. Positive STSM may be a representative of “early metastatic” or micrometastatic disease.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Identifying and overcoming barriers to participation of minority populations in clinical trials: Lessons learned from the VanDAAM study
- Author
-
Angelina K. C. Fink, Amanda C. DeRenzis, Shivanshu Awasthi, Nawreen Jahan, Peter A. S. Johnstone, Julio Pow‐Sang, Javier Torres‐Roca, Daniel Grass, Daniel Fernandez, Arash Naghavi, Susan Tan, Brandon Manley, Roger Li, Michael Poch, Alice Yu, Nikki Little, Eppie Bass, Cesar E. Ercole, Evangelia Katsoulakis, Ryan Burri, Riley Smith, Nathanael B. Stanley, Susan T. Vadaparampil, and Kosj Yamoah
- Subjects
African American men (AAM) ,Decipher ,minority populations ,prostate cancer (PCa) ,VanDAAM ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Participation in cancer research trials by minority populations is imperative in reducing disparities in clinical outcomes. Even with increased awareness of the importance of minority patient inclusion in clinical research to improve cancer care and survival, significant barriers persist in accruing and retaining minority patients into clinical trials. This study sought to identify and address barriers to minority accrual to a minimal risk clinical research study in real‐time.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Current Challenges of Asian National Children's Cancer Study Groups on Behalf of Asian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group
- Author
-
Chi-kong Li, Purna Kurkure, Ramandeep Singh Arora, Bow Wen Chen, Kirill Kirgizov, Yasuhiro Okamoto, Panya Seksarn, Yongmin Tang, Keon Hee Yoo, Bharat Agarwal, Godfrey C.F. Chan, Rashmi Dalvi, Hiroki Hori, Muhammad Saghir Khan, Alice Yu, and Akira Nakagawara
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
In Asia, a few countries have a long and established history of collaborative clinical trials successfully formed national children's cancer study groups, but many still do not have such groups. The process of forming national children's cancer groups is fraught with many hurdles, which varies among the countries. One of the basic requirements for running clinical trials is an affordable health care system in which most of the children with cancer can receive the proposed treatment. The health insurance coverage for children with cancer varies from
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Understanding the valuation of paediatric health-related quality of life: a qualitative study protocol
- Author
-
Rosalie Viney, Richard Norman, Mina Bahrampour, Nancy Devlin, Alice Yu, Yiting Luo, Deborah Street, and Brendan James Mulhern
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Introduction There is evidence from previous studies that adults value paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adult HRQoL differently. Less is known about how adolescents value paediatric HRQoL and whether their valuation and decision-making processes differ from those of adults. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are widely used to develop value sets for measures of HRQoL, but there is still much to understand about whether and how the methods choices in the implementation of DCE valuation tasks, such as format, presentation and perspective, affect the decision-making process of participants. This paper describes the protocol for a qualitative study that aims to explore the decision-making process of adults and adolescents when completing DCE valuation tasks. The study will also explore the impact of methodological choices in the design of DCE studies (including decisions about format and presentation) on participants’ thinking process.Methods and analysis An interview protocol has been developed using DCE valuation tasks. Interviews will be conducted online via Zoom with both an adolescent and adult sample. In the interview, the participant will be asked to go through some DCE valuation tasks while ‘thinking aloud’. After completion of the survey, participants will then be asked some predetermined questions in relation to various aspects of the DCE tasks. Interviews will be recorded and transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis approach.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval for this study has been received for the adult sample (UTS ETH20-9632) as well as the youth sample (UTS ETH22-6970) from the University of Technology Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee. Results from this study will inform the methods to be used in development of value sets for use in the health technology assessment of paediatric interventions and treatments. Findings from this study will also be disseminated through national/international conferences and peer-reviewed journals.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. in retail shrimp in Northern California
- Author
-
Brady Hirshfeld, Kurtis Lavelle, Katie Yen Lee, Edward Robert Atwill, David Kiang, Bakytzhan Bolkenov, Megan Gaa, Zhirong Li, Alice Yu, Xunde Li, and Xiang Yang
- Subjects
Vibrio spp. ,Enterococcus spp. ,foodborne ,shrimp ,antimicrobial resistance ,whole genome sequencing ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Shrimp is one of the most consumed seafood products globally. Antimicrobial drugs play an integral role in disease mitigation in aquaculture settings, but their prevalent use raises public health concerns on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Vibrio spp., as the most common causative agents of seafood-borne infections in humans, and Enterococcus spp., as an indicator organism, are focal bacteria of interest for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in seafood. In this study, 400 samples of retail shrimp were collected from randomly selected grocery stores in the Greater Sacramento, California, area between September 2019 and June 2020. The prevalence of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. was 60.25% (241/400) and 89.75% (359/400), respectively. Subsamples of Vibrio (n = 110) and Enterococcus (n = 110) isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Vibrio isolates had high phenotypic resistance to ampicillin (52/110, 47.27%) and cefoxitin (39/110, 35.45%). Enterococcus were most frequently resistant to lincomycin (106/110, 96.36%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (96/110, 87.27%), ciprofloxacin (93/110, 84.55%), linezolid (86/110, 78.18%), and erythromycin (58/110, 52.73%). For both Vibrio and Enterococcus, no significant associations were observed between multidrug resistance (MDR, resistance to ≥3 drug classes) in isolates from farm raised and wild caught shrimp (p > 0.05) and in isolates of domestic and imported origin (p > 0.05). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of a subset of Vibrio isolates (n = 42) speciated isolates as primarily V. metschnikovii (24/42; 57.14%) and V. parahaemolyticus (12/42; 28.57%), and detected 27 unique antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) across these isolates, most commonly qnrVC6 (19.05%, 8/42), dfrA31 (11.90%, 5/42), dfrA6 (9.5%, 4/42), qnrVC1 (9.5%, 4/42). Additionally, WGS predicted phenotypic resistance in Vibrio isolates with an overall sensitivity of 11.54% and specificity of 96.05%. This study provides insights on the prevalence and distribution of AMR in Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. from retail shrimp in California which are important for food safety and public health and exemplifies the value of surveillance in monitoring the spread of AMR and its genetic determinants.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Targeting macrophage Syk enhances responses to immune checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma
- Author
-
Deepak Rohila, In Hwan Park, Timothy V. Pham, Riley Jones, Elisabette Tapia, Kevin X. Liu, Pablo Tamayo, Alice Yu, Andrew B. Sharabi, and Shweta Joshi
- Subjects
macrophage ,neuroblastoma ,immune suppression ,Syk ,T cells ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
BackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is considered an immunologically cold tumor and is usually less responsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly infiltrated in NB tumors and promote immune escape and resistance to ICB. Hence therapeutic strategies targeting immunosuppressive TAMs can improve responses to ICB in NB. We recently discovered that spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) reprograms TAMs toward an immunostimulatory phenotype and enhances T-cell responses in the lung adenocarcinoma model. Here we investigated if Syk is an immune-oncology target in NB and tested whether a novel immunotherapeutic approach utilizing Syk inhibitor together with radiation and ICB could provide a durable anti-tumor immune response in an MYCN amplified murine model of NB.MethodsMyeloid Syk KO mice and syngeneic MYCN-amplified cell lines were used to elucidate the effect of myeloid Syk on the NB tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, the effect of Syk inhibitor, R788, on anti-tumor immunity alone or in combination with anti-PDL1 mAb and radiation was also determined in murine NB models. The underlying mechanism of action of this novel therapeutic combination was also investigated.ResultsHerein, we report that Syk is a marker of NB-associated macrophages and plays a crucial role in promoting immunosuppression in the NB TME. We found that the blockade of Syk in NB-bearing mice markedly impairs tumor growth. This effect is facilitated by macrophages that become immunogenic in the absence of Syk, skewing the suppressive TME towards immunostimulation and activating anti-tumor immune responses. Moreover, combining FDA-approved Syk inhibitor, R788 (fostamatinib) along with anti-PDL1 mAb provides a synergistic effect leading to complete tumor regression and durable anti-tumor immunity in mice bearing small tumors (50 mm3) but not larger tumors (250 mm3). However, combining radiation to R788 and anti-PDL1 mAb prolongs the survival of mice bearing large NB9464 tumors.ConclusionCollectively, our findings demonstrate the central role of macrophage Syk in NB progression and demonstrate that Syk blockade can “reeducate” TAMs towards immunostimulatory phenotype, leading to enhanced T cell responses. These findings further support the clinical evaluation of fostamatinib alone or with radiation and ICB, as a novel therapeutic intervention in neuroblastoma.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of the Gut Microbiome
- Author
-
Nagi B. Kumar, Stephanie Hogue, Julio Pow-Sang, Michael Poch, Brandon J. Manley, Roger Li, Jasreman Dhillon, Alice Yu, and Doratha A. Byrd
- Subjects
prostate cancer ,green tea catechins ,microbiome ,chemoprevention ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports green tea catechins (GTCs) in chemoprevention for prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. GTCs include (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which may modulate the molecular pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Prior studies of GTCs suggested that they are bioavailable, safe, and effective for modulating clinical and biological markers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. GTCs may be of particular benefit to those with low-grade PCas typically managed with careful monitoring via active surveillance (AS). Though AS is recommended, it has limitations including potential under-grading, variations in eligibility, and anxiety reported by men while on AS. Secondary chemoprevention of low-grade PCas using GTCs may help address these limitations. When administrated orally, the gut microbiome enzymatically transforms GTC structure, altering its bioavailability, bioactivity, and toxicity. In addition to xenobiotic metabolism, the gut microbiome has multiple other physiological effects potentially involved in PCa progression, including regulating inflammation, hormones, and other known/unknown pathways. Therefore, it is important to consider not only the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome in the context of PCa chemoprevention, but how gut microbes may relate to individual responses to GTCs, which, in turn, can enhance clinical decision-making.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. LADy 💃: A Benchmark Toolkit for Latent Aspect Detection Enriched with Backtranslation Augmentation.
- Author
-
Farinam Hemmatizadeh, Christine Wong, Alice Yu, and Hossein Fani 0001
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Latent Aspect Detection via Backtranslation Augmentation.
- Author
-
Farinam Hemmatizadeh, Christine Wong, Alice Yu, and Hossein Fani 0001
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Voyage Viewer: Empowering Human Mobility at a Global Scale.
- Author
-
Isabella Loaiza Saa, Tobin South, Germán Sánchez, Serena Chan, Alice Yu, Felipe Montes, Mohsen Bahrami, and Alex Pentland
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. High cardiovascular mortality risk among older merkel cell carcinoma patients.
- Author
-
Huang, Jia-nan, Yu, Hai, Xia, Xichun, Ming, Wai-kit, Wu, Shuai, Cheng, Leong Nga, ALice yu ying, Lee., Zhang, Jinrong, Jiang, Yuzhen, Chen, Wenhui, Zhao, Qiqi, Lyu, Jun, and Deng, Liehua
- Subjects
MERKEL cell carcinoma ,OLDER patients ,OLDER people ,SURVIVAL rate ,MORTALITY risk factors - Abstract
Objective: Previous research has primarily focused on the incidence and mortality rates of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), neglecting the examination of cardiovascular mortality (CVM) risk among survivors, particularly older patients. This study aims to assess the risk of CVM in older individuals diagnosed with MCC. Methods: Data pertaining to older MCC patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER). CVM risk was measured using standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and cumulative mortality. Multivariate Fine-Gray's competing risk model was utilized to evaluate the risk factors contributing to CVM. Results: Among the study population of 2,899 MCC patients, 465 (16.0%) experienced CVM during the follow-up period. With the prolongation of the follow-up duration, the cumulative mortality rate for CVM reached 27.36%, indicating that cardiovascular disease (CVD) became the second most common cause of death. MCC patients exhibited a higher CVM risk compared to the general population (SMR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.54–1.86, p < 0.05). Notably, the SMR for other diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries displayed the most significant elevation (SMR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.16–5.29, p < 0.05). Furthermore, age at diagnosis and disease stage were identified as primary risk factors for CVM, whereas undergoing chemotherapy or radiation demonstrated a protective effect. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the significance of CVM as a competing cause of death in older individuals with MCC. MCC patients face a heightened risk of CVM compared to the general population. It is crucial to prioritize cardiovascular health starting from the time of diagnosis and implement personalized CVD monitoring and supportive interventions for MCC patients at high risk. These measures are essential for enhancing survival outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Trapping efficiency of common brushtail possums is affected by rainfall
- Author
-
Alice Yu Si, Alexandra Kate Ross, and Helen Amanda Crisp
- Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Determining factors that influence the trapping success of semi-arboreal species will inform wildlife management, improve capture rates, and enhance data reliability. We compared the capture success of common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) across different rainfall levels using data collected over a 12-year period at a wildlife sanctuary in South Australia. We found that low rainfall in the 6 months prior to a cage trapping survey increased the average number of common brushtail possums trapped per night, likely due to the attraction of the high-calorie bait combined with increased movement of possums at ground level.
- Published
- 2023
16. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Prostate Cancer Early Detection, Version 1.2023
- Author
-
Kelvin A. Moses, Preston C. Sprenkle, Clinton Bahler, Geoffrey Box, Sigrid V. Carlsson, William J. Catalona, Douglas M. Dahl, Marc Dall’Era, John W. Davis, Bettina F. Drake, Jonathan I. Epstein, Ruth B. Etzioni, Thomas A. Farrington, Isla P. Garraway, David Jarrard, Eric Kauffman, Deborah Kaye, Adam S. Kibel, Chad A. LaGrange, Paul Maroni, Lee Ponsky, Brian Reys, Simpa S. Salami, Alejandro Sanchez, Tyler M. Seibert, Terrence M. Shaneyfelt, Marc C. Smaldone, Geoffrey Sonn, Mark D. Tyson, Neha Vapiwala, Robert Wake, Samuel Washington, Alice Yu, Bertram Yuh, Ryan A. Berardi, and Deborah A. Freedman-Cass
- Subjects
Oncology - Abstract
The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer Early Detection provide recommendations for individuals with a prostate who opt to participate in an early detection program after receiving the appropriate counseling on the pros and cons. These NCCN Guidelines Insights provide a summary of recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines with regard to the testing protocol, use of multiparametric MRI, and management of negative biopsy results to optimize the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and minimize the detection of indolent disease.
- Published
- 2023
17. Antegrade administration of mitomycin gel for upper tract urothelial carcinoma via percutaneous nephrostomy tube: a <scp>multi‐institutional</scp> retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
Kyle M. Rose, Gopal Narang, Geoffrey Rosen, Craig Labatte, Catalina I. Dumitrascu, Justin Campagna, Alice Yu, Brandon J. Manley, Phillippe E. Spiess, Roger Li, Mehrad Adibi, Katie S. Murray, Wade J. Sexton, and Mitchell R. Humphreys
- Subjects
Urology - Abstract
To assess the safety profile of antegrade mitomycin gel instillation through a percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCNT) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) with the aim of decreasing morbidity associated with therapy.Patients undergoing antegrade administration of mitomycin gel via PCNT were retrospectively included for analysis from four tertiary referral centres between 2020 and 2022. The primary outcome was safety profile, as graded by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (v5.0). Post-therapy disease burden was assessed by primary disease evaluation (PDE) via ureteroscopy.Thirty-two patients received at least one dose of mitomycin gel via PCNT for UTUC, 29 of whom completed induction and underwent PDE. Thirteen patients (41%) had residual tumour present prior to induction therapy. At a median of 15.0 months following first dose of induction therapy, ureteric stenosis occurred in three patients (9%), all of whom were treated without later recurrence or chronic stenosis. Other adverse events included fatigue (27%), flank pain (19%), urinary tract infection (12%), sepsis (8%) and haematuria (8%). No patients had impaired renal function during follow-up and there were no treatment-related deaths. Seventeen patients (59%) had no evidence of disease at PDE and have not experienced recurrence at a median follow-up of 13.0 months post induction.Administration of mitomycin gel via a PCNT offers a low rate of ureteric stenosis, demonstrates a favourable safety profile, and is administered without general anaesthesia.
- Published
- 2022
18. Novel portable apparatus for outpatient high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy in penile cancer
- Author
-
Anupam Rishi, Amarjit S. Saini, Philippe E. Spiess, Alice Yu, Daniel C. Fernandez, Peter A.S. Johnstone, and Arash O. Naghavi
- Subjects
Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Abstract
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSC) is traditionally treated with surgical resection with significant morbidity. Penile sparing approaches, such as brachytherapy, require expertise, prolonged inpatient stays, poor patient convenience, and heterogenous plans with variable long-term toxicity. In this study, we describe the protocol for novel portable apparatus created for PSC, allowing outpatient hybrid interstitial/surface brachytherapy, improving homogeneity and patient convenience.A portable brachytherapy apparatus was developed utilizing a foley catheter, prostate template, 6F interstitial catheters, 5 mm bolus, and a jock strap. The apparatus allowed for internal and external catheter placement housed in a jock strap to allow mobility and defecation without affecting the implant. High-dose-rate brachytherapy was performed as an outpatient.The apparatus was then used on a 62-year-old male with cT2pN0M0 (stage IIA) PSC with bilateral glans and urethral meatus involvement, who elected for definitive brachytherapy (4000cGy in 10 fractions over 5-days). Given external dwell positions, heterogeneity correction of the template was calculated (AAPM TG186) with2% variation. Patient had minimal impact on his active lifestyle during treatment and had complete clinical response at 3-months. Grade 2 skin desquamation resolved at 2-months, with no necrosis. At 6-months, he was able to resume sexual intercourse, and at 12-months, he remained disease-free with sexual and urinary function intact.Novel portable implant allows for improved patient convenience, reduced inpatient stay, capable of optimizing dosimetry with hybrid brachytherapy. This outpatient treatment allows the opportunity to increase fractionation, offering high local-control and lower toxicity. Future studies utilizing this apparatus for more fractionated regimens with further lower dose-per-fraction (∼3 Gy/fraction) is recommended.
- Published
- 2022
19. Phase 2 study of anti-disialoganglioside antibody, dinutuximab, in combination with GM-CSF in patients with recurrent osteosarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
- Author
-
Pooja Hingorani, Mark Krailo, Allen Buxton, Paul Hutson, Paul M. Sondel, Mitchell Diccianni, Alice Yu, Carol D. Morris, Richard B. Womer, Brian Crompton, R Lor Randall, Lisa A. Teot, Steven G. DuBois, Katherine A. Janeway, Richard G. Gorlick, and Michael S. Isakoff
- Subjects
Osteosarcoma ,Young Adult ,Cancer Research ,Adolescent ,Oncology ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ,Humans ,Bone Neoplasms ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,Child - Abstract
Novel effective therapies are urgently needed in recurrent osteosarcoma. GD2 is expressed in human osteosarcoma tumours and cell lines. This study evaluated the disease control rate (DCR) in patients with recurrent osteosarcoma treated with the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab plus cytokine therapy as compared to historical outcomes.AOST1421 was a single-arm Phase 2 study for patients with recurrent pulmonary osteosarcoma in complete surgical remission. Patients received up to five cycles of dinutuximab (70 mg/mThirty-nine eligible patients were included in the outcome analysis. Dinutuximab did not demonstrate evidence of efficacy as 11/39 patients remained event free for a DCR of 28.2% (95% CI 15-44.9%). One of 136 administered therapy cycles met criteria for unacceptable toxicity when a patient experienced sudden death of unknown cause. Other ≥ Grade 3 toxicities included pain, diarrhoea, hypoxia, and hypotension. Pharmacokinetic parameters were similar in the two schedules.The combination of dinutuximab with GM-CSF did not significantly improve DCR in recurrent osteosarcoma. Dinutuximab toxicity and pharmacokinetics in adolescent and young adult osteosarcoma patients were similar to younger patients. Other strategies for targeting GD2 in osteosarcoma are being developed.
- Published
- 2022
20. Identifying and overcoming barriers to participation of minority populations in clinical trials: Lessons learned from the <scp>V</scp> an <scp>DAAM</scp> study
- Author
-
Angelina K. C. Fink, Amanda C. DeRenzis, Shivanshu Awasthi, Nawreen Jahan, Peter A. S. Johnstone, Julio Pow‐Sang, Javier Torres‐Roca, Daniel Grass, Daniel Fernandez, Arash Naghavi, Susan Tan, Brandon Manley, Roger Li, Michael Poch, Alice Yu, Nikki Little, Eppie Bass, Cesar E. Ercole, Evangelia Katsoulakis, Ryan Burri, Riley Smith, Nathanael B. Stanley, Susan T. Vadaparampil, and Kosj Yamoah
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Abstract
Participation in cancer research trials by minority populations is imperative in reducing disparities in clinical outcomes. Even with increased awareness of the importance of minority patient inclusion in clinical research to improve cancer care and survival, significant barriers persist in accruing and retaining minority patients into clinical trials. This study sought to identify and address barriers to minority accrual to a minimal risk clinical research study in real-time.
- Published
- 2022
21. The Role of the Microbiome and Green Tea Catechins in Prostate Cancer: Contemporary Issues in Research
- Author
-
Nagi B. Kumar, Stephanie Hogue, Julio Pow-Sang, Michael Poch, Brandon J. Manley, Roger Li, Jasreman Dhillon, Alice Yu, and Doratha A. Byrd
- Published
- 2023
22. PD09-09 SURVIVAL BENEFITS OF ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FOR POSITIVE SOFT TISSUE SURGICAL MARGINS FOLLOWING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY IN BLADDER CANCER WITH EXTRAVESICAL EXTENSION
- Author
-
Prithvi Murthy, Shreyas Naidu, Facundo Davaro, Philippe Spiess, Logan Zemp, Michael Poch, Rohit Jain, Aram Vosoughi, Alice Yu, Wade Sexton, Scott Gilbert, and Roger Li
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2023
23. PD44-09 IMPACT OF HIGH-RISK FEATURES AND STAGING ON NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY AMONG PATIENTS TREATED WITH RADICAL CYSTECTOMY: A SINGLE CENTER ANALYSIS OF 1700 CASES
- Author
-
Shreyas Naidu, Roger Li, Wenyi Fan, Kyle Rose, Heather Huelster, Aram Vosoughi, Scott Gilbert, Daniel Grass, Rohit Jain, Youngchul Kim, Brandon Manley, Michael Poch, Julio Pow-Sang, Philippe Spiess, Alice Yu, Logan Zemp, Jingsong Zhang, and Wade Sexton
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2023
24. Trapping efficiency of common brushtail possums is affected by rainfall
- Author
-
Si, Alice Yu, primary, Ross, Alexandra Kate, additional, and Crisp, Helen Amanda, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. List of SCC SUVmax correlated genes from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
This supplement file contains the identified SUVmax correlated genes in the lung squamous cell carcinoma patients in the RG cohort.
- Published
- 2023
26. List of AD SUVmax-correlated genes from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
This supplement file contains the identified SUVmax correlated genes in the lung adenocarcinoma patients in the RG cohort.
- Published
- 2023
27. De-identified ID of the patients included in the RG cohort from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
This supplement file contains a list of de-identified IDs of the patients included in the RG cohort data available online.
- Published
- 2023
28. DEGs between AD and SCC from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
This supplement file contains the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients.
- Published
- 2023
29. Supplement material descriptions and Figure S1-S7 and Table S1-S3 from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
This supplement file provides additional information and analysis descriptions to the main manuscript ordered as in which they appear in the main text. This supplement file also provides general descriptions and overview to all the supplement materials included. This supplement file also includes Figure S1-S7 and Table S1-S3.
- Published
- 2023
30. Data from GFPT2-Expressing Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediate Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
- Author
-
Sylvia K. Plevritis, Sandy Napel, Matt van de Rijn, Viswam Nair, Robert B. West, Andrew Quon, Maximilian Diehn, Andrew J. Gentles, Shaimaa Bakr, Kelsey Ayers, Joseph B. Shrager, Mehran Jamali, Majid Shafiq, Alice Yu, Gina Bouchard, and Weiruo Zhang
- Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment is recognized as a cancer hallmark. To identify new molecular processes associated with tumor metabolism, we analyzed the transcriptome of bulk and flow-sorted human primary non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) together with 18FDG-PET scans, which provide a clinical measure of glucose uptake. Tumors with higher glucose uptake were functionally enriched for molecular processes associated with invasion in adenocarcinoma and cell growth in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Next, we identified genes correlated to glucose uptake that were predominately overexpressed in a single cell–type comprising the tumor microenvironment. For SCC, most of these genes were expressed by malignant cells, whereas in adenocarcinoma, they were predominately expressed by stromal cells, particularly cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Among these adenocarcinoma genes correlated to glucose uptake, we focused on glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2), which codes for the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 2 (GFAT2), a rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which is responsible for glycosylation. GFPT2 was predictive of glucose uptake independent of GLUT1, the primary glucose transporter, and was prognostically significant at both gene and protein level. We confirmed that normal fibroblasts transformed to CAF-like cells, following TGFβ treatment, upregulated HBP genes, including GFPT2, with less change in genes driving glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and TCA cycle. Our work provides new evidence of histology-specific tumor stromal properties associated with glucose uptake in NSCLC and identifies GFPT2 as a critical regulator of tumor metabolic reprogramming in adenocarcinoma.Significance: These findings implicate the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway as a potential new therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3445–57. ©2018 AACR.
- Published
- 2023
31. Immunotherapy of Neuroblastoma Targeting GD2 and Beyond
- Author
-
Alice Yu and Jung-Tung Hung
- Published
- 2023
32. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. in retail shrimp in Northern California.
- Author
-
Hirshfeld, Brady, Lavelle, Kurtis, Katie Yen Lee, Atwill, Edward Robert, Kiang, David, Bolkenov, Bakytzhan, Gaa, Megan, Zhirong Li, Alice Yu, Xunde Li, and Xiang Yang
- Subjects
ENTEROCOCCUS ,VIBRIO parahaemolyticus ,DRUG resistance in microorganisms ,VIBRIO ,WHOLE genome sequencing ,SHRIMPS ,MICROBIAL sensitivity tests - Abstract
Shrimp is one of the most consumed seafood products globally. Antimicrobial drugs play an integral role in disease mitigation in aquaculture settings, but their prevalent use raises public health concerns on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Vibrio spp., as the most common causative agents of seafood-borne infections in humans, and Enterococcus spp., as an indicator organism, are focal bacteria of interest for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in seafood. In this study, 400 samples of retail shrimp were collected from randomly selected grocery stores in the Greater Sacramento, California, area between September 2019 and June 2020. The prevalence of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. was 60.25% (241/400) and 89.75% (359/400), respectively. Subsamples of Vibrio (n = 110) and Enterococcus (n = 110) isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Vibrio isolates had high phenotypic resistance to ampicillin (52/110, 47.27%) and cefoxitin (39/110, 35.45%). Enterococcus were most frequently resistant to lincomycin (106/110, 96.36%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (96/110, 87.27%), ciprofloxacin (93/110, 84.55%), linezolid (86/110, 78.18%), and erythromycin (58/110, 52.73%). For both Vibrio and Enterococcus, no significant associations were observed between multidrug resistance (MDR, resistance to ≥3 drug classes) in isolates from farm raised and wild caught shrimp (p > 0.05) and in isolates of domestic and imported origin (p > 0.05). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of a subset of Vibrio isolates (n = 42) speciated isolates as primarily V. metschnikovii (24/42; 57.14%) and V. parahaemolyticus (12/42; 28.57%), and detected 27 unique antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) across these isolates, most commonly qnrVC6 (19.05%, 8/42), dfrA31 (11.90%, 5/42), dfrA6 (9.5%, 4/42), qnrVC1 (9.5%, 4/42). Additionally, WGS predicted phenotypic resistance in Vibrio isolates with an overall sensitivity of 11.54% and specificity of 96.05%. This study provides insights on the prevalence and distribution of AMR in Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. from retail shrimp in California which are important for food safety and public health and exemplifies the value of surveillance in monitoring the spread of AMR and its genetic determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Outcomes from Partner2Lose: a randomized controlled trial to evaluate 24-month weight loss in a partner-assisted intervention
- Author
-
Corrine I. Voils, Ryan J. Shaw, Kara L. Gavin, Scott J. Hetzel, Megan A. Lewis, Samantha Pabich, Heather M. Johnson, Felix Elwert, Lu Mao, Kristen E. Gray, Alice Yuroff, Katya Garza, William S. Yancy, and Laura S. Porter
- Subjects
Obesity ,Randomized controlled trial ,Behavior therapies ,Social support ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Partner support is associated with better weight loss outcomes in observational studies, but randomized trials show mixed results for including partners. Unclear is whether teaching communication skills to couples will improve weight loss in a person attempting weight loss (index participant). Purpose To compare the efficacy of a partner-assisted intervention versus participant-only weight management program on 24-month weight loss. Methods This community-based study took place in Madison, WI. Index participants were eligible if they met obesity guideline criteria to receive weight loss counseling, were aged 18–74 years, lived with a partner, and had no medical contraindications to weight loss; partners were aged 18–74 years and not underweight. Couples were randomized 1:1 to a partner-assisted or participant-only intervention. Index participants in both arms received an evidence-based weight management program. In the partner-assisted arm, partners attended half of the intervention sessions, and couples were trained in communication skills. The primary outcome was index participant weight at 24 months, assessed by masked personnel; secondary outcomes were 24-month self-reported caloric intake and average daily steps assessed by an activity tracker. General linear mixed models were used to compare group differences in these outcomes following intent-to-treat principles. Results Among couples assigned to partner-assisted (n = 115) or participant-only intervention (n = 116), most index participants identified as female (67%) and non-Hispanic White (87%). Average baseline age was 47.27 years (SD 11.51 years) and weight was 106.55 kg (SD 19.41 kg). The estimated mean 24-month weight loss was similar in the partner-assisted (2.66 kg) and participant-only arms (2.89 kg) (estimated mean difference, 0.23 kg [95% CI, -1.58, 2.04 kg], p=0.80). There were no differences in 24-month average daily caloric intake (estimated mean difference 50 cal [95% CI: -233, 132 cal], p=0.59) or steps (estimated mean difference 806 steps [95% CI: -1675, 64 steps], p=0.07). The percentage of participants reporting an adverse event with at least possible attribution to the intervention did not differ by arm (partner-assisted: 9%, participant-only, 3%, p = 0.11). Conclusions Partner-assisted and individual weight management interventions led to similar outcomes in index participants. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03801174, January 11, 2019.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Evolving Landscape of Viral, Immune, and Molecular Biomarkers in Penile Cancer
- Author
-
Alice Yu, Jad Chahoud, Andrea Necchi, and Philippe E. Spiess
- Subjects
Male ,Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus ,Ultraviolet Rays ,Urology ,Papillomavirus Infections ,Infant, Newborn ,Humans ,Penile Neoplasms ,Biomarkers ,Aged - Abstract
Penile cancer is relatively rare in North America and Europe (1% of all malignant neoplasms); however, it remains a significant health concern with a higher propensity of cases in many African, South American, and Asian countries. It occurs primarily in older men with a peak incidence in the 6th decade of life. The etiology of penile cancer is multifactorial and there are many risk factors including lack of neonatal circumcision, chronic inflammation, lichen sclerosis, tobacco use, obesity, poor hygiene, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, history of sexually transmitted diseases, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Pathogenesis of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) can be broadly dichotomized into HPV related and non-HPV-related pathways which will be discussed in detail in this review.
- Published
- 2022
35. Abstract 3246: Targeting Syk reprograms tumor-associated macrophages and enhances responses to immune checkpoint blockade and radiation therapy in high-risk neuroblastoma
- Author
-
Deepak Rohila, In Hwan Park, Timothy Pham, Riley Jones, Pablo Tamayo, Alice Yu, Andrew Sharabi, and Shweta Joshi
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children. As leading regulators of inflammation and tumor progression, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) have gained major interest as immunotherapeutic targets in NB. Hence targeting or “re-educating” tumorigenic macrophages towards an immunostimulatory phenotype might improve responses to immunotherapy in this childhood cancer. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) has recently been identified by our group as a novel immune-oncology target. We found that Syk is abundantly present in TAMs infiltrated in MYCN and non-MYCN amplified neuroblastoma tumors. Furthermore, genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of Syk markedly impaired neuroblastoma tumor growth. This effect was facilitated by macrophages that became immunogenic in the absence of Syk, skewing the suppressive tumor microenvironment towards immunostimulation and activating antitumor immune responses. Moreover, combining Syk inhibitor, R788 along with anti-PDL1 mAb and radiation provided a synergistic effect leading to complete tumor regression and durable anti-tumor immunity in aggressive MYCN-and non-MYCN-driven murine neuroblastoma tumor models. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the importance of Syk inhibitor, R788, in enhancing the anti-tumor immune responses in NB and support the clinical evaluation of R788 either alone or together with radiation and immune check point inhibitors as a potential treatment strategy for NB. Citation Format: Deepak Rohila, In Hwan Park, Timothy Pham, Riley Jones, Pablo Tamayo, Alice Yu, Andrew Sharabi, Shweta Joshi. Targeting Syk reprograms tumor-associated macrophages and enhances responses to immune checkpoint blockade and radiation therapy in high-risk neuroblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3246.
- Published
- 2023
36. MP56-16 SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF CLINICALLY LOCALIZED URACHAL CARCINOMA: EVALUATING THE ROLE OF LYMPHADENECTOMY AS STANDARD OF CARE
- Author
-
Kyle Rose, Erica Roberts, Heather Huelster, Andrew Chang, Logan Zemp, Alice Yu, Michael Poch, Roger Li, Phillippe Spiess, Scott Gilbert, and Wade Sexton
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2022
37. PD58-06 ANTEGRADE ADMINISTRATION OF REVERSE THERMAL MITOMYCIN GEL FOR PRIMARY CHEMOABLATION OF UPPER TRACT UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA VIA PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY TUBE: A MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL REAL-WORLD EXPERIENCE
- Author
-
Kyle Rose, Gopal Narang, Geoffrey Rosen, Craig Labbate, Justin Campagna, Alice Yu, Brandon Manley, Phillipe Spiess, Roger Li, Mehrad Adibi, Katie Murray, Wade Sexton, and Mitchell Humphreys
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2022
38. MP40-04 PREDICTIVE RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL NEPHROURETERECTOMY FOR LOW-GRADE UPPER TRACT UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA
- Author
-
Heather Huelster, Alyssa Bilotta, Jacob Britt, Nicholas Russo, Wade Sexton, Michael Poch, Scott Gilbert, Alice Yu, Philippe Spiess, and Roger Li
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2022
39. PD58-02 NOVEL USE OF CTDNA TO IDENTIFY LOCALLY ADVANCED AND METASTATIC UPPER TRACT UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA
- Author
-
Heather Huelster, Elizabeth Green, Alex Soupir, Kyle Rose, Esther Katende, Shreyas Naidu, Scott Gilbert, Brandon Manley, Michael Poch, Wade Sexton, Alice Yu, Youngchul Kim, Pan Du, Shidong Jia, Il-Jin Kim, Lu Tan, Liang Wang, and Roger Li
- Subjects
Urology - Published
- 2022
40. Reconstructing codependent cellular cross-talk in lung adenocarcinoma using REMI
- Author
-
Alice Yu, Yuanyuan Li, Irene Li, Michael G. Ozawa, Christine Yeh, Aaron E. Chiou, Winston L. Trope, Jonathan Taylor, Joseph Shrager, and Sylvia K. Plevritis
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Cellular cross-talk in tissue microenvironments is fundamental to normal and pathological biological processes. Global assessment of cell-cell interactions (CCIs) is not yet technically feasible, but computational efforts to reconstruct these interactions have been proposed. Current computational approaches that identify CCI often make the simplifying assumption that pairwise interactions are independent of one another, which can lead to reduced accuracy. We present REMI (REgularized Microenvironment Interactome), a graph-based algorithm that predicts ligand-receptor (LR) interactions by accounting for LR dependencies on high-dimensional, small–sample size datasets. We apply REMI to reconstruct the human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) interactome from a bulk flow-sorted RNA sequencing dataset, then leverage single-cell transcriptomics data to increase the cell type resolution and identify LR prognostic signatures among tumor-stroma-immune subpopulations. We experimentally confirmed colocalization of CTGF:LRP6 among malignant cell subtypes as an interaction predicted to be associated with LUAD progression. Our work presents a computational approach to reconstruct interactomes and identify clinically relevant CCIs.
- Published
- 2022
41. Examining inequities associated with incarceration among breast cancer patients
- Author
-
Yoshiko Iwai, Alice Yunzi L. Yu, Samantha M. Thomas, Tyler Jones, Kelly E. Westbrook, Andrea K. Knittel, and Oluwadamilola M. Fayanju
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Breast cancer treatment patterns and quality of care among patients experiencing incarceration are underexplored. This study examined associations between incarceration and breast cancer disease and treatment characteristics. Methods This retrospective analysis was conducted at a tertiary center in the Southeastern United States that serves as the state's safety‐net hospital and primary referral site for the state's prisons. All patients ≥18 years diagnosed with breast cancer between 4/14/2014–12/30/2020 were included. Incarceration status was determined through electronic health record review. Linear regression was used to estimate the association of incarceration with time to treatment. Unadjusted overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method with log‐rank tests to compare groups. Results Of the 4329 patients included, 30 (0.7%) were incarcerated at the time of diagnosis or treatment (DI) and 4299 (99.3%) had no incarceration history (NI). Compared to patients who were NI, patients who were DI were younger (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Cohort profile: migraine exposures and cardiovascular health in Hong Kong Chinese women (MECH-HK)
- Author
-
Lin Yang, Qi Sun, Jing Qin, Harry Haoxiang Wang, Yao Jie Xie, Chun Hao, Qingling Yang, and Alice Yuen Loke
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Purpose Evidence about the associations of migraine features with cardiovascular risk profiles in Chinese population is lacking. The Migraine Exposures and Cardiovascular Health in Hong Kong Chinese Women (MECH-HK) cohort was constructed to investigate longitudinal migraine features and their cardiovascular implications in Hong Kong Chinese women.Participants We enrolled 4221 Hong Kong Chinese women aged 30 years or above from October 2019 to December 2020. Demographics, reproductive information, lifestyle factors, disease history, blood lipids and glucose, anthropometrics and body compositions were measured during baseline and follow-up. Migraine diagnosis followed the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 criteria. Migraine features were longitudinally tracked using a migraine diary and summarised by a wide range of epidemiological metrics. Cardiovascular health was assessed using the Framingham risk score (FRS).Findings to date From October 2021 to June 2023, 3455 women completed the first follow-up measurement. The retention rate was 81.9%. The average age at baseline was 54.40 years. The mean blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were 6.44 mmol/L, 65.06 mg/dL and 102.40 mg/dL, respectively. The average FRS was 0.06. Participants had a 10.3% prevalence of migraine or probable migraine. After 1.27 years of follow-up, the median migraine attack frequency was 0.99 attacks/month, with an incidence rate of 2.55 attacks/person-month and a median duration of 7.70 hours/attack. Sleep problems (64.7%) and stress (54.0%) were the top triggers, while prevalent accompanying symptoms were nausea (67.4%), photophobia (39.9%), phonophobia (30.0%) and vomiting (26.2%). Migraine auras included blurred visions (59.6%), flashing lights (41.3%), blind spots (33.0%), pins and needles (6.4%) and halo (1.8%).Future plans The follow-up for the cohort will be implemented every 2 years. MECH-HK will provide unique longitudinal data on migraine features in Hong Kong women. The linkage between migraine features and cardiovascular disease risk progression will be identified by a long-term observation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Improved Outcome in Children With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma Treated With Chemoimmunotherapy: Updated Results of a Phase II Study Using hu14.18K322A
- Author
-
Wayne L. Furman, Beth McCarville, Barry L. Shulkin, Andrew Davidoff, Matthew Krasin, Chia-Wei Hsu, Haitao Pan, Jianrong Wu, Rachel Brennan, Michael W. Bishop, Sara Helmig, Elizabeth Stewart, Fariba Navid, Brandon Triplett, Victor Santana, Teresa Santiago, Jacquelyn A. Hank, Stephen D. Gillies, Alice Yu, Paul M. Sondel, Wing H. Leung, Alberto Pappo, and Sara M. Federico
- Subjects
Male ,Cancer Research ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,Risk Assessment ,Antibodies ,Neuroblastoma ,Rare Diseases ,Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ,Clinical Research ,Risk Factors ,Monoclonal ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Humans ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Prospective Studies ,Preschool ,Child ,Humanized ,6.2 Cellular and gene therapies ,Cancer ,Pediatric ,Neurosciences ,Age Factors ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ,Infant ,ORIGINAL REPORTS ,Induction Chemotherapy ,Progression-Free Survival ,Tumor Burden ,Immunological ,Oncology ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Child, Preschool ,Interleukin-2 ,Female - Abstract
PURPOSEWe evaluated whether combining a humanized antidisialoganglioside monoclonal antibody (hu14.18K322A) throughout therapy improves early response and outcomes in children with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma.PATIENTS AND METHODSWe conducted a prospective, single-arm, three-stage, phase II clinical trial. Six cycles of induction chemotherapy were coadministered with hu14.18K322A, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2). The consolidation regimen included busulfan and melphalan. When available, an additional cycle of parent-derived natural killer cells with hu14.18K322A was administered during consolidation (n = 31). Radiation therapy was administered at the end of consolidation. Postconsolidation treatment included hu14.18K322A, GM-CSF, IL-2, and isotretinoin. Early response was assessed after the first two cycles of induction therapy. End-of-induction response, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.RESULTSSixty-four patients received hu14.18K322A with induction chemotherapy. This regimen was well tolerated, with continuous infusion narcotics. Partial responses (PRs) or better after the first two chemoimmunotherapy cycles occurred in 42 of 63 evaluable patients (66.7%; 95% CI, 55.0 to 78.3). Primary tumor volume decreased by a median of 75% (range, 100% [complete disappearance]-5% growth). Median peak hu14.18K322A serum levels in cycle one correlated with early response to therapy ( P = .0154, one-sided t-test). Sixty of 62 patients (97%) had an end-of-induction partial response or better. No patients experienced progressive disease during induction. The 3-year EFS was 73.7% (95% CI, 60.0 to 83.4), and the OS was 86.0% (95% CI, 73.8 to 92.8), respectively.CONCLUSIONAdding hu14.18K322A to induction chemotherapy improved early objective responses, significantly reduced tumor volumes in most patients, improved end-of-induction response rates, and yielded an encouraging 3-year EFS. These results, if validated in a larger study, may be practice changing.
- Published
- 2021
44. Clinical Indications for Necessary and Discretionary Hospital Readmissions after Radical Cystectomy
- Author
-
Roger Li, Richard R. Reich, Salim Cheriyan, Logan Zemp, Michael A. Poch, Wade J. Sexton, Alice Yu, Ahmet M. Aydin, Biwei Cao, Scott M. Gilbert, and Ali Hajiran
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Aftercare ,Cystectomy ,Patient Readmission ,Article ,Gastrointestinal complications ,Postoperative Complications ,Medicine ,Humans ,Retrospective Studies ,Urinary Bladder Cancer ,business.industry ,General surgery ,medicine.disease ,Comorbidity ,Patient Discharge ,Oncology ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Failure to thrive ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Insurance coverage - Abstract
BACKGROUND: To assess predictors, indicators and medical necessity of readmissions after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy in order to identify opportunities for reducing readmission rates. METHODS: Records for patients treated with cisplatin-based NAC followed by radical cystectomy between 2007 and 2017 were reviewed for 90-day complications and readmission. Readmissions were classified as necessary vs. discretionary based on independent clinician review. The association between postoperative complications and necessary or discretionary readmission were examined with adjusted regression models. RESULTS: Among a total of 250 patients, 76 patients (30.4%) were readmitted within 90 days of surgery (19 discretionary and 57 necessary). Age, insurance coverage, and comorbidity were similar between readmitted and non-readmitted patients. Readmission was more likely after neobladder than ileal conduit (39% vs. 23%, p=0.02). Major (grade ≥ 3) complications within 90-day of surgery including index admission and post-discharge period were significantly more common among re-admitted patients compared to patients who were not readmitted (40% in necessary, 21% in discretionary, 3% in none, p
- Published
- 2021
45. Comparative analysis of three vs. four cycles of neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin for muscle invasive bladder cancer
- Author
-
Ahmet Murat Aydin, Salim K. Cheriyan, Richard Reich, Ali Hajiran, Charles C. Peyton, Logan Zemp, Alice Yu, Roger Li, Michael A. Poch, Philippe E. Spiess, Rohit Jain, Jingsong Zhang, Wade J. Sexton, and Scott M. Gilbert
- Subjects
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Muscles ,Urology ,Cystectomy ,Deoxycytidine ,Gemcitabine ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,Treatment Outcome ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Oncology ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Cisplatin ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Because the optimal number of cycles of neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy (GC) is unclear, we aimed to compare disease response and survival outcomes of patients receiving either 3 or 4 cycles of neoadjuvant GC for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).A total of 166 patients who were treated with neoadjuvant GC and radical cystectomy for clinical stage T2-4N0M0 were identified. Response and effectiveness of different cycle counts were assessed using downstaging (complete pathologic and partial pathologic response), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Response and survival outcomes were examined with adjusted logistic regression and Cox regression models. Statistical significance was defined as P0.05.Of 166 patients who received neoadjuvant GC, 107 (64.5%) received 3 cycles and 59 (35.5%) received 4 cycles. Age, insurance, comorbidity, tumor histology (pure urothelial carcinoma, urothelial with divergent differentiation, variant histology), and tumor stage were similar between the 2 treatment groups. Rates of complete response or any downstaging were similar between groups (21.5% and 40.2% in the 3-cycle group and 20.3% and 44.1% in the 4-cycle group, respectively). While disease response was similar (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.43-2.45), both cancer-specific survival (HR 1.69, 95% CI 0.87-3.26) and overall survival (HR:1.88, 95% CI:1.02-3.48) were more favorable among patients managed with 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared to those who received 3 cycles in adjusted models.Our analysis demonstrated that survival outcomes tended to be better among patients who received 4 cycle of neoadjuvant GC compared to those treated with 3 cycles. Although potential benefits of omission of fourth cycle may include expedited time to surgery, reduced chemotherapy-associated toxicity, and lower treatment costs, continuation of treatment with a fourth cycle of neoadjuvant GC chemotherapy may benefit patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and further improve disease outcomes.
- Published
- 2022
46. PD17-08 IMPACT OF SERIAL PROSTATE MULTIPARAMETRIC MRI ON TREATMENT FREE SURVIVAL IN MEN ON ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE
- Author
-
Jeffrey Twum-Ampofo, Alberto C. Pieretti, Andrew Gusev, Adam S. Feldman, Alice Yu, Douglas M. Dahl, Florian Rumpf, Joshua Harvey, and Keyan Salari
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,Event free survival ,Multiparametric MRI ,equipment and supplies ,medicine.disease ,Prostate cancer ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Prostate ,Risk stratification ,medicine ,Radiology ,business ,human activities ,Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is increasingly utilized in the risk stratification of men with prostate cancer (PCa). During Active Surveilla...
- Published
- 2021
47. PD59-02 COMPLICATIONS, RECOVERY, AND PATIENT-REPORTED QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER RADICAL CYSTECTOMY
- Author
-
Alice Yu, Richard R. Reich, Roger Li, Aymet Aydin, Logan Zemp, Michael A. Poch, Scott M. Gilbert, Ali Hajiran, Elizabeth Green, and Wade J. Sexton
- Subjects
Cystectomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,business.industry ,Urology ,General surgery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,business - Published
- 2021
48. Novel use of ctDNA to identify muscle-invasive and non-organ-confined upper tract urothelial carcinoma
- Author
-
Heather L Huelster, Elizabeth A. Green, Alex C. Soupir, Kyle M. Rose, Esther N. Katende, Shreyas U Naidu, Scott Michael Gilbert, Brandon J. Manley, Michael Adam Poch, Wade J. Sexton, Alice Yu, Philippe E. Spiess, Pan Du, Shidong Jia, Il-Jin Kim, Lu Tan, Liang Wang, and Roger Li
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
4587 Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is an aggressive cancer for which use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is limited by suboptimal clinical staging prior to nephroureterectomy. Detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is associated with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and may help identify UTUC patients who would benefit from NAC. Here we examine the feasibility and utility of plasma ctDNA in the diagnosis of non-organ confined high-risk UTUC. Methods: Patients with high-grade cTa-T2 UTUC without radiographic evidence of metastatic disease undergoing up-front radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) were prospectively accrued for pre- and post-operative plasma collection. Blood was collected preoperatively on the day of surgery, and plasma and buffy coat were processed for extraction of cell-free DNA and genomic DNA, respectively. FFPE tumor samples from RNU were used for tissue genomic DNA extraction. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used for variant profiling. ctDNA positivity was defined as the presence of plasma cell-free DNA variants concordant with tissue-based variants. Results: NGS analyses of matched FFPE and plasma samples were successfully performed for all 19 accrued UTUC patients. Alterations in the TERT promoter (74%), TP53 (58%), FGFR3 (53%), myc amplification (53%), and ATM (42%) were demonstrated in urothelial tumor tissue. Matched plasma ctDNA showed prevalent alterations in the TERT promoter (42%), TP53 (42%), PIK3CA (37%), ATM (32%) and CD274 (26%). Nine patients (47%) had detectable plasma ctDNA mutations concordant with tumor-specific variants using the targeted NGS panel. All patients with detectable preoperative ctDNA had advanced staging (≥pT2 or ≥pN1) and lymphovascular invasion on final pathology, resulting in a 90% sensitivity. The panel was 100% specific with no patients with pTis, pTa, pT1 and pN0 having detectable concordant ctDNA mutations. Concordant plasma ctDNA was detected in four of nine patients postoperatively. Two of three (67%) who developed metastatic disease had detectable ctDNA while neither of the two who developed non-muscle-invasive bladder recurrences did. Conclusions: Prospective ctDNA analysis using a targeted NGS panel can be used to predict muscle-invasive and non-organ-confined UTUC preoperatively. Detectable postoperative ctDNA may indicate residual disease and predate clinical recurrence.
- Published
- 2022
49. Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy is associated with lower perioperative mortality in octogenarians
- Author
-
Mark A. Preston, Matthew Mossanen, Ye Wang, Benjamin I. Chung, Steven L. Chang, Filipe Lf Carvalho, and Alice Yu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Robotic assisted ,Urology ,Open surgery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Perioperative ,After discharge ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Cystectomy ,Oncology ,Cohort ,Medicine ,Robotic surgery ,business - Abstract
Objectives To compare perioperative outcomes between robotic and open radical cystectomy in octogenarians using real-world data Subjects and methods Using the Premier Healthcare Database, we found 13,127 patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) between 2008 and 2017, of which 15.1% were ≥80 years old. Perioperative mortality was the primary outcome of interest. Secondary outcomes include complications, hospital length of stay, readmission rates, and disposition after discharge. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust for patient and hospital characteristics. Results In octogenarians, mortality at the index admission was 2.2% in those who underwent RARC, compared to 4.6% in those who underwent open surgery (P = 0.027). On multivariable analysis, robotic surgery was associated with lower in-hospital mortality in octogenarians (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22–0.99, P = 0.047) even after controlling for patient, and hospital characteristics. Conclusion RARC is safe and feasible in octogenarians. Elderly patients may derive more benefit from minimally invasive radical cystectomy compared to a younger cohort.
- Published
- 2022
50. Novel use of ctDNA to identify locally advanced and metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma
- Author
-
Heather L. Huelster, Elizabeth A. Green, Alex C. Soupir, Esther N. Katende, Kyle M. Rose, Shreyas U. Naidu, Scott Michael Gilbert, Brandon J. Manley, Michael Adam Poch, Wade J. Sexton, Philippe E. Spiess, Alice Yu, Youngchul Kim, Pan Du, Shidong Jia, Il-Jin Kim, Lu Tan, Liang Wang, and Roger Li
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
543 Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is an aggressive cancer for which use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is limited by suboptimal clinical staging prior to nephroureterectomy. Detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is associated with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and may help identify UTUC patients who would benefit from NAC. Here we examine the feasibility and utility of plasma ctDNA in the diagnosis of non-organ confined high-risk UTUC. Methods: Patients with high-grade cTa-T2 UTUC without radiographic evidence of metastatic disease undergoing up-front radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) were prospectively accrued. Blood was collected preoperatively on the day of surgery, and plasma and buffy coat were processed for extraction of ctDNA. FFPE samples from RNU were used for tissue genomic DNA extraction. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used for variant profiling. Plasma and somatic tissue mutations were called by comparing with matched buffy coat samples. Detection of cancer variants with a mutation allele frequency (MAF) ≥ 0.25% and hotspot variants with a MAF down to 0.1% were reported for plasma samples targeted by a NGS panel (PredicineCARE). Variants with a MAF ≥ 5% and hotspot variants with a MAF down to 2% were reported for FFPE samples. Results: NGS analyses of matched FFPE and plasma samples were successfully performed for all 15 accrued UTUC patients. Alterations in MYC amplification (62%), TERT promoter (62%), TP53 (38%), FGFR3 (31%), ERBB2 (25%), ARID1A (19%), and PIK3CA (19%) were demonstrated in urothelial tumor tissue. Matched plasma ctDNA showed prevalent alterations in the TERT promoter (47%), TP53 (30%), ARID1A (20%), ERBB2 (20%), FGFR3 (20%), and PIK3CA (17%). Five patients (33%) had detectable plasma ctDNA mutations concordant with tumor-based genotypes using the targeted NGS panel. All patients with detectable preoperative ctDNA had advanced staging (≥pT2 or ≥pN1) and lymphovascular invasion on final pathology, resulting in a 71.4% sensitivity. The panel was 100% specific with no patients with pTis, pTa, or pT1 and pN0 having detectable concordant ctDNA mutations. Conclusions: Prospective ctDNA analysis using a targeted NGS panel is a feasible nonsurgical approach to prediction of high-risk UTUC and has the potential for identification of upper tract urothelial cancer patients that may benefit from NAC.
- Published
- 2022
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.