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Neutrino-induced charged-current single π+ production in the Δ(1232) resonance region is of considerable interest to accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this Letter, high statistic differential cross sections are reported for the semiexclusive reaction νμA→μ−π++ nucleon(s) on scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead targets recorded by MINERvA using a wideband νμ beam with ⟨Eν⟩≈6 GeV. Suppression of the cross section at low Q2 and enhancement of low Tπ are observed in both light and heavy nuclear targets compared with phenomenological models used in current neutrino interaction generators. The cross sections per nucleon for iron and lead compared with CH across the kinematic variables probed are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively, a scaling which is also not predicted by current generators.

This Letter presents the first simultaneous measurement of the quasielasticlike neutrino-nucleus cross sections on C, water, Fe, Pb, and scintillator (hydrocarbon or CH) as a function of longitudinal and transverse muon momentum. The ratio of cross sections per nucleon between Pb and CH is always above unity and has a characteristic shape as a function of transverse muon momentum that evolves slowly as a function of longitudinal muon momentum. The ratio is constant versus longitudinal momentum within uncertainties above a longitudinal momentum of 4.5 GeV/c. The cross section ratios to CH for C, water, and Fe remain roughly constant with increasing longitudinal momentum, and the ratios between water or C to CH do not have any significant deviation from unity. Both the overall cross section level and the shape for Pb and Fe as a function of transverse muon momentum are not reproduced by current neutrino event generators. These measurements provide a direct test of nuclear effects in quasielasticlike interactions, which are major contributors to long-baseline neutrino oscillation data samples.

6 Pág., The experiment was conducted to evaluate the metabolic activity through MTT (3[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reduction assay of Indian red jungle fowl sperm during cryopreservation process. In addition, MTT test was compared with sperm motility and viability data. Sperm analysis was made at pre-dilution, post-dilution, post-cooling, post-equilibration and post freeze-thawing stages. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed significant (P

Introduction: Intrauterine growth restriction plays a significant role in short and long term adverse outcome. It is reflected in the relatively high incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment and somatic growth failure. Growth in the first year of life gets an opportunity to recover its growth deficit of intrauterine life and to catch up with its normal birth weight siblings Objective of the Study: To assess the postnatal growth of intrauterine growth restricted newborns at 3, 6 and 9 months of age. Methodology: A Prognostic cohort study was conducted at Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st April 2017 to 20th September 2018. It involved monitoring of 31 intrauterine growth restricted newborns and 39 normal birth weight neonates over a period of 9 months. Follow up were done at 3, 6 and 9 month of age. At every visit weight, length, occipitofrontal circumference and chest circumference were measured. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 and plotted in tables and graphs. Data imputation was done for the missing data. Multiple regression analysis was done for confounder of growth when data was statistically significant. Results: Mean birth weight were 1748 ±437.09 g and 2893.54±467.07g, birth length 44 ±4.2439 cm and 49.26±1.634cm, birth occipitofrontal circumference 30.76 ±2.380 cm and 34.35±1.083cm, birth chest circumference 24.39 ±1.940 cm and 29.15±2.933cm in IUGR and control group respectively which was statistically significant. There were catch-up weight gain in 3, 6 and 9 months of age in IUGR group but it was less than the normal birth weight group during the followed-up period. During the follow-up period, cacth up growth in length achieved in first 9 months of age. During the first 3 months there were no catch up growth in IUGR babies head circumference but it increases in normal rates. Mean chest circumference values at 3 months were statistically significant and after multiple regression analysis, it is significant for birth length. In general, IUGR babies when compared with the control group remained small in all the four growth parameters but it had catch up growth in first 9 months of age. Conclusion: During the follow-up period, catch-up of growth achieved regarding weight, length, OFC and chest circumference but the growth parameters were lower than the appropriate for gestational age birth weight newborns

Processes with precisely known cross sections, like neutrino-electron elastic scattering (νe−→νe−) and inverse muon decay (νμe−→μ−νe) have been used by MINERνA to constrain the uncertainty on the neutrinos at the main injector (NuMI) neutrino beam flux. This work presents a new measurement of neutrino elastic scattering with electrons using the medium energy ν¯μ-enhanced NuMI beam. A sample of 578 events after background subtraction is used in combination with the previous measurement on the νμ beam and the inverse muon decay measurement to reduce the uncertainty on the νμ flux in the νμ-enhanced beam from 7.6% to 3.3% and the ν¯μ flux in the ν¯μ-enhanced beam from 7.8% to 4.7%.

On the eastern flank of the India-Eurasia collision, the Indian plate is obliquely colliding beneath southeast Asia. While typical oceanic subduction occurs beneath the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone, the continuation of this plate boundary to the north encounters the thick sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta (GBMD). Here, the IndoBurma foldbelt attempts to absorb the ≤ 19-km thick sediments deposited by the delta. This extreme sediment input should alter the thermal structure of the incoming plate, and in turn bear on the dynamics and the seismogenesis of the subduction. In order to further estimate the effect of this sediment input on the thermal structure of the Indian Plate at the GBMD, we modeled the depositional history of the Bengal Basin and the GBMD since the Cretaceous, by using a thermal basin modelling approach. The Bengal Basin results from the superposition of the heavily-sedimented passive margin of India being overthrust both by the IndoBurma foldbelt from the east and the Shillong Plateau from the north. In response to the India-Asia collision, an immense influx of Himalayan sediment was provided to the Bengal Basin. The shelf edge of the passive margin prograded 300-400 km from the Hinge Zone in the Eocene to its current position forming the GBMD. This history of sedimentation was reconstructed according to published seismic and borehole data from the Surma Basin, a proven Miocene gas province, in the Northeast of Bangladesh. A set of 2D finite element thermal models was conducted. The blanketing effect of sediments (deposition of cold sediments with a low thermal conductivity), the downward thermal advection potentially associated with rapid sedimentation, the fluid generations and upward migrations and the development of overpressure were considered in these models. In all the models explored, the thermal gradient at the surface does not reach a value higher than 15°C/km and significant overpressure develops in the buried marine units below 10-12 km depth, as well as in the Miocene sandy reservoir units. Also, the pressure and temperature at the sediment-crust interface meet the conditions of low grade metamorphism. Such extreme thermo-mechanical conditions in the incoming plate have direct implications on the dynamics and seismogenesis at this tectonic plate.

The MINERνA experiment reports double-differential cross-section measurements for νμ-carbon interactions with three-momentum transfer |q→|<1.2 GeV obtained with medium energy exposures in the NuMI beam. These measurements are performed as a function of the three-momentum transfer and an energy transfer estimator called the available energy defined as the energy that would be visible in the detector. The double-differential cross sections are compared to the genie and nuwro predictions along with the modified version of genie which incorporates new models for better agreement with earlier measurements from MINERνA. In these measurements, the quasielastic, resonance, and multinucleon knockout processes appear at different kinematics in this two-dimensional space. The results can be used to improve models for neutrino interactions needed by neutrino oscillation experiments.

Neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering, a reaction category extensively used in neutrino oscillation measurements, probes nuclear effects that govern neutrino-nucleus interactions. This Letter reports the first measurement of the triple-differential cross section for ν_{μ} quasielastic-like reactions using the hydrocarbon medium of the MINERvA detector exposed to a wideband beam spanning 2≤E_{ν}≤20 GeV. The measurement maps the correlations among transverse and longitudinal muon momenta and summed proton kinetic energies, and compares them to predictions from a state-of-art simulation. Discrepancies are observed that likely reflect shortfalls with modeling of pion and nucleon intranuclear scattering and/or spectator nucleon ejection from struck nuclei. The separate determination of leptonic and hadronic variables can inform experimental approaches to neutrino-energy estimation.

Neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering, a reaction category extensively used in neutrino oscillation measurements, probes nuclear effects that govern neutrino-nucleus interactions. This Letter reports the first measurement of the triple-differential cross section for νμ quasielastic-like reactions using the hydrocarbon medium of the MINERvA detector exposed to a wideband beam spanning 2≤Eν≤20 GeV. The measurement maps the correlations among transverse and longitudinal muon momenta and summed proton kinetic energies, and compares them to predictions from a state-of-art simulation. Discrepancies are observed that likely reflect shortfalls with modeling of pion and nucleon intranuclear scattering and/or spectator nucleon ejection from struck nuclei. The separate determination of leptonic and hadronic variables can inform experimental approaches to neutrino-energy estimation.