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The existence of the taklim assembly has an important role in the socialization and enculturation process to enable Muslims to survive in a society that is predominantly Hindu. The role of the taklim assembly is expected to be able to present religious material that is able to form a moderate way of religion for its congregation, especially in responding to local culture in the Tengger tribe area. The focus of this service is first, local cultural study workshops and strengthening religious moderation. Second, strengthening Religious Moderation, through the development of religious material that will be presented in taklim assembly activities by the Muallim to the congregation. Based on these two focuses, service uses the service learning method through three stages; preparation, planning and implementation. From the results of the mentoring, the following are the results; 1) study of local Karo culture, entas-entas, barikan, kasodo, walagara, liliwet, santi, sodoran, and unan-unan. Local culture contains moral messages that can be used as material to strengthen religious moderation. 2) development of moral religious material that emphasizes the social dimension. Religious material contains messages about building relationships between humans and humans and humans and nature.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan data penerapan literasi digital dalam pembelajaran, untuk menganalisis aktifitas siswa dalam memanfaatkan digital literacy skill pada pembelajaran dan untuk mengungkap faktor pendukung dan penghambat penerapan literasi digital dalam pembelajaran akidah akhlak materi sifat amanah siswa kelas IV MI Al Huda Kedungumpul. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah Kepala Madrasah, guru kelas IV, peserta didik dan walimurid MI Al Huda Kedungumpul. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan penelaahan dokumen. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Penerapan literasi digital merupakan kemampuan memanfaatkan teknologi dan informasi dengan menggunakan perangkat digital dalam berbagai aspek yang digunakan dalam dunia pendidikan. Penggunaan literasi digital pada pembelajaran sebagai akses informasi dalam memudahkan siswa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan rasa ingin tahu yang lebih mendalam. Sebagai guru juga harus bisa lebih inovatif dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran yang menarik; (2) Aktifitas siswa secara mandiri belajar menggunakan literasi digital pada ranah afektif dapat dilihat dari sikap mandiri, kerjasama dan tanggung jawab. peserta didik saat ini sudah semakin memahami dan mandiri dalam belajar dan tanggung jawab mengerjakan tugas-tugasnya, hal ini dapat membangun dan terintegrasi antara kebiasaan literasi dengan perilaku peserta didik, Selain itu nilai akademik mereka semakin bagus, lebih bertanggung jawab dan disiplin mengumpulkan tugas; (3) Faktor pendukung dan penghambat penerapan literasi digital yaitu adanya dukungan fasilitas dan sarana-prasarana penunjang di satuan pendidikan, literasi digital dikembangkan sebagai mekanisme pembelajaran terintegrasi dalam kurikulum atau setidaknya terkoneksi dengan sistem belajar mengajar. Adapun hambatan yang ditemukan dalam penerapan literasi digital adalah terkait keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana sekolah, keterbatasan fasilitas dirumah terutama gadget dalam mendukung berlangsungnya pembelajaran daring, Sumber daya manusia, kemudian hambatan keterbatasan dalam durasi waktu pelajaran dan kendala secara teknis seperti masalah jaringan internet dan gadget yang tidak mensuport

New tellurite glasses with composition (in mol%): 60TeO _2 –(30-x)ZnO–5Bi _2 O _3 –5TiO _2 -xB _2 O _3 (where x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0) were fabricated using conventional melt quenching method. Compositional dependence of the glasses on their density, thermal, refractive index and optical properties were investigated. X-Ray Diffraction analysis was carried out to confirm the nature of the thus formed glasses. Density, refractive index, and absorption spectra were measured at room temperature from which other glass characteristics such as polaron radius, oxygen packing density, field strength, B ^3+ interatomic distance, band gap energy, and Urbach tail were determined. Thermal characterisation to determine the change in glass transition temperature, glass crystallisation, melting point, and glass stability was carried out using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. A discussion was made in order to understand the results in terms of the ratio of bridging oxygen to non-bridging oxygen ions (BO/NBO). It was found that the addition of B _2 O _3 results in increasing oxygen packing density, glass transition temperature, BO/NBO ratio and band gap energy, while decreasing density, refractive index, field strength, glass stability and Urbach tail energy. With increasing B _2 O _3 concentration density changed from 5.879 to 5.646 g cm ^−3 , refractive index 1.875 to 1.741, working temperature range (Δ T = 66 °C) and phonon energy within the range of 736–740 cm ^−1 .

This study investigates teachers' perceptions on PLC implementation within religious-based secondary schools in the context of Malaysia. Using a pragmatic mixed-method approach, quantitative data were obtained from 610 teachers about principals' implementation and support for PLC implementation. Then, 16 senior teachers who have successfully participated in PLC practices were interviewed. The study reveals that teachers in the religious-based public secondary schools felt satisfied with their principals' implementation of PLC practices. This study is one of few studies explored the practical and theoretical implications of improving principals' initiatives and their strategies which benefit PLC practices across religious-based secondary schools in Malaysia.

This study investigates teachers' perceptions on PLC implementation within religious-based secondary schools in the context of Malaysia. Using a pragmatic mixed-method approach, quantitative data were obtained from 610 teachers about principals' implementation and support for PLC implementation. Then, 16 senior teachers who have successfully participated in PLC practices were interviewed. The study reveals that teachers in the religious-based public secondary schools felt satisfied with their principals' implementation of PLC practices. This study is one of few studies explored the practical and theoretical implications of improving principals' initiatives and their strategies which benefit PLC practices across religious-based secondary schools in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on creativity have bloomed in the past decade. However, little is known about the effective connectivity (EC) between default-mode network (DMN) regions after creativity stimulation. This study aimed to measure the brain connectivity induced by creativity stimulation and to relate it with creativity score. A total of 50 participants were recruited and assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental participants underwent a two-day creativity stimulation session. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were performed on all participants after the session. The rs-fMRI data were analysed using statistical parametric mapping and spectral dynamic causal modelling. A fully connected model comprising angular gyrus (AG), medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC) and pre-cuneus (PCU) as regions-of-interest (ROIs) was fitted for every participant's data. The model underwent Bayesian parameter averaging to determine the average strength of connection between ROIs. There was a significant increase in creativity score for the experimental group in the aspect of fluency (p=0.018) and flexibility (p=0.048) except in originality (p>0.05). No difference in brain activation was observed between groups. All the EC between ROIs in the left and right hemisphere for both groups were significant (P>0.9). Symmetrical EC networks for the experimental group were observed with left hemisphere PCU→PCU, PCU→mPFC and AG→PCU connections which were more significant in the experimental group. These findings suggested that creativity stimulation as short as two days was able to evoke changes in creativity score and network connectivity but insufficient to cause convincing differences in the brain activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Different facets of divergent thinking (DT) are associated with connectivity between different cerebral areas. However, the causal interactions between the key DT nodes have yet to be explored. It is hypothesised that with creativity stimulation, changes in effective connectivity among regions will be observed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By using control (n=26) and experimental (n=24) participants, this study aimed to investigate the effective connectivity between brain areas associated with divergent thinking that accentuate fluency, flexibility, and originality. The experimental participants attended a two-day creativity stimulation, followed by three task-based fMRI sessions for all participants, which included basic use (BU) identification, alternative use (AU) generation and unusual use (UU) determination tasks. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) was used to determine the most optimal causal model representing the most possible modulatory influence on the connections between medial prefrontal cortices (mPFC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). RESULTS: The experimental participants scored higher fluency and flexibility than the controls (p<0.05). At neuronal level, the control group showed similar intrinsic connections receiving modulatory influence for AU and UU tasks, while the experimental group preferred a different perturbation of connection between both tasks. These intergroup differences may be caused by different thinking strategies involving semantic and episodic memory retrieval, and integration of remotely associated ideas to construct new combination among the experimental participants. CONCLUSION: Different DT demands may influence the effective connectivity between mPFC, IFG and IPL especially among individuals with higher DT abilities, especially in fluency and flexibility versus originality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Administration of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and anti-estrogens has been shown to reduce the size of pituitary tumors. However, previous studies were performed on animal pituitary tumors or tissue cultures. We administered oral tamoxifen to a postoperative patient with a nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PitNET) to investigate its potential effect on tumor volume. This case report presents the case of a 47-year-old female patient with a null cell adenoma who had undergone surgical resection as primary treatment and was left with a residual tumor that grew significantly. She was treated with tamoxifen 20–40 mg daily for one year. She was followed up to assess tamoxifen adherence, tolerability, and adverse events. The resected pituitary tumor was stained with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), proliferation markers (ki-67 and p53), and H&E staining for mitotic count. MRI of the pituitary gland was performed before starting treatment, after 6 months, and after 1 year of tamoxifen therapy. Her resected tumor showed high-intensity ERβ staining in the absence of ERα expression. She was able to tolerate oral tamoxifen therapy without side effects. Tamoxifen therapy resulted in a remarkable reduction in residual tumor volume of up to 87 % in this patient. Tamoxifen has a potential therapeutic effect in treating patients with residual NF-PitNET tumors that have regrown after primary resection. This finding may provide an alternative treatment modality for recurrent NF-PitNET. ERβ expression may predict response to tamoxifen in this subset of patients.

Universities play a vital role in a country’s growth and have the potential to stay in the field of higher education by determining their performance. Thereby, management will not know whether university performance is profitable if it is not measured. Therefore, this project was carried out to determine the efficiency of public universities in Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models such as the Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes model (CCR) and Slack-Based Measure model (SBM). . Public higher education is under tremendous pressure worldwide to improve its performance and quality. This paper examines the efficiency scores of 20 public universities in Malaysia using the CCR and SBM. These 20 public universities state as Decision Making Unit (DMU) and DMU will be efficient if and only if the optimal value of efficiency is equal to 1; otherwise, it is inefficient. Three inputs and five outputs are determined to measure the performance of the university through the graduate student’s marketability. The findings show that out of 20 public universities, 11 public universities are efficient with an efficiency score equal to 1. Meanwhile, the remaining nine public universities showed inefficient score results. Suggestions and improvements are identified to improve the efficiency of those universities in the future. To overcome inefficient universities, the use of the SBM model provides recommendations to consider in measuring efficiencies which are the number of postgraduate students enrolled, number of undergraduate students enrolled, and number of academic staff as the inputs and the number of postgraduates, number of undergraduates, number of graduates working, number of graduates who choose to further studies and number of graduates choose to develop skills as the outputs. All the criteria need to consider for the improvement for the universities to be more efficient.