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118 results on '"Ahmad, Dilshad"'

7. Synthesis and Micro-CT Driven Void Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Elastomeric Skin for 1D Morphing Wings

Author

Ahmad, Dilshad, Ajaj, Rafic M., Zweiri, Yahya, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Saavedra Flores, Erick I., editor, Astroza, Rodrigo, editor, and Das, Raj, editor

Published
2024
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8. CFD Analysis of Data Center Using Open-Source Software: OpenFOAM

Author

Kulkarni, Hrishikesh, Ahmad, Dilshad, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Singh, Krishna Mohan, editor, Dutta, Sushanta, editor, Subudhi, Sudhakar, editor, and Singh, Nikhil Kumar, editor

Published
2024
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27. Therapeutic effect of ginger garlic powder in rats with induced diabetes.

Author

Qadir, Ambreen, Anwar, Faiza, ur Rehman, Habib, Shakeel, Kiran, and Ahmad, Dilshad

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential hypoglycemic effects of administering ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) to rats with induced type 2 diabetes. A total of forty-five male adult albino rats were randomly assigned to five groups. The groups were named Normal Control, Diabetic Control, Ginger group, Garlic group, and a combination group of ginger and garlic. Diabetes was produced in all groups, except the normal control group, using an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dosage of 60 mg/body weight. During the course of two months, rats were administered varying amounts of ginger and garlic powders as part of their treatment After the experiment concluded, measurements were taken for glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, insulin, cholesterol, high density protein, low density protein and liver glycogen levels. These groups exhibited considerably greater serum insulin and high-density lipoprotein concentrations (P<0.05) compared to the diabetic control group. Conversely, body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in all groups compared to the diabetic control group. A statistically significant increase (P<0.05) increase shown in liver glycogen levels. This study proposes that the utilization of ginger and garlic powders improve the condition of type 2 diabetes and maybe reduce the risk of subsequent diabetic complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Tween 80-Based Self-Assembled Mixed Micelles Boost Valsartan Transdermal Delivery.

Author

Yassin, Alaa Eldeen B., Massadeh, Salam, Alshwaimi, Abdullah A., Kittaneh, Raslan H., Omer, Mustafa E., Ahmad, Dilshad, Aodah, Al Hassan, Shakeel, Faiyaz, Halwani, Majed, Alanazi, Saleh A., and Alam, Prawez

Subjects
DRUG side effects, MICELLES, VALSARTAN, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE agents, ZETA potential, ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation
Abstract

Valsartan (Val) is an important antihypertensive medication with poor absorption and low oral bioavailability. These constraints are due to its poor solubility and dissolution rate. The purpose of this study was to optimize a mixed micelle system for the transdermal delivery of Val in order to improve its therapeutic performance by providing prolonged uniform drug levels while minimizing drug side effects. Thin-film hydration and micro-phase separation were used to produce Val-loaded mixed micelle systems. A variety of factors, including the surfactant type and drug-to-surfactant ratio, were optimized to produce micelles with a low size and high Val entrapment efficiency (EE). The size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and drug EE of the prepared micelles were all measured. The in vitro drug release profiles were assessed using dialysis bags, and the permeation through abdominal rat skin was assessed using a Franz diffusion cell. All formulations had high EE levels exceeding 90% and low particle charges. The micellar sizes ranged from 107.6 to 191.7 nm, with average PDI values of 0.3. The in vitro release demonstrated a uniform slow rate that lasted one week with varying extents. F7 demonstrated a significant (p < 0.01) transdermal efflux of 68.84 ± 3.96 µg/cm2/h through rat skin when compared to the control. As a result, the enhancement factor was 16.57. In summary, Val-loaded mixed micelles were successfully prepared using two simple methods with high reproducibility, and extensive transdermal delivery was demonstrated in the absence of any aggressive skin-modifying enhancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Comparative Study on the Effects of O2Flow Rate on As-Deposited Polycrystalline IAZO Films

Author

Ahmad, Dilshad, Zhang, Jing, Xu, Jing, and Luo, Jun

Abstract

The research on oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (OSTFTs) is experiencing exponential growth worldwide, aimed at enhancing the mobility, stability, film quality, and device performance while reducing the density of defect states in the channel material. In our study, we investigated indium aluminum zinc oxide (IAZO) films with varying O2flow rates of 25, 17, 8, and 3 sccm to optimize the channel material. Interestingly, we observed that as the flow rate of the O2decreased, the deposition rate increased exponentially. However, when the O2flow rate was set to 3 sccm, the films exhibited an extremely high density of defect states, low surface roughness, and different crystalline phases, including Zn, Al2O3, and ZnO crystals oriented in various directions. On the other hand, films deposited with an O2flow rate of 8 sccm demonstrated the second-highest deposition rate with high film quality, indicating a trade-off between film quality and deposition rate. Our analysis using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy techniques revealed very high-quality films and a low density of defect states, respectively. Remarkably, we report for the first time the successful deposition of c-axis aligned crystalline (CAAC) IAZO films at room temperature with an O2flow rate of 8 sccm, which exhibited the second-highest deposition rate, high film quality, low density of defect states, a comparable electron affinity (χ = 3.53 eV) to IGZO, a very high mobility (244.65 cm2/V·s), and a suitable carrier concentration (3.25 × 1018cm–3). CAAC-IAZO can be a potential candidate to serve as a promising channel material for enhancing device performance and addressing stability concerns in OSTFTs.

Published
2023
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44. Government revenue and Expenditure Nexus: Empirical Evidence of Pakistan

Author

Ahmad, Dilshad, Sarwar, Bilal, Sarwar, Kiran, and Tariq, Bilal

Subjects
Current expenditure, Direct tax, Fiscal policy, Indirect tax, ARDL
Abstract

Fiscal policy plays a significant role to acquire price stability, employment opportunities, and output increase. This study has examined co-integration and casual association in components of revenue and expenditure of Pakistan to develop appropriate fiscal policy. This research work focused on two models as a current expenditure (CE) was applied as the dependent variable in model 1 while in model 2, development expenditure (DE) was considered as the dependent variable. In both models, government revenue components such as shortest tax (DT), indirect tax (IDT), and non-tax income (NTR) were applied as independent variables. Secondary time series data from 1979 to 2020 was applied in this research work to check the stationarity of data unit root tests of Philips Peron (PP) and Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) employed. Granger causality and Auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach were applied for the empirical estimation of the study. ARDL bound test shows that co-integration exists in both models. The ARDL approach outcomes indicated as non-tax income, indirect tax, and direct tax have significant a relationship with current expenditure in the long run. Direct and indirect taxes have a significant relationship with development expenditure in the long run. Granger causality test estimates indicated as in both model shortest tax, indirect tax, and non-tax income has no causal relationship with current expenditure and development expenditure. In conclusion, estimates of this research supported the institutional separation hypothesis.Fiscal policy plays a significant role to acquire price stability, employment opportunities, and output increase. This study has examined co-integration and casual association in components of revenue and expenditure of Pakistan to develop appropriate fiscal policy. This research work focused on two models as a current expenditure (CE) was applied as the dependent variable in model 1 while in model 2, development expenditure (DE) was considered as the dependent variable. In both models, government revenue components such as shortest tax (DT), indirect tax (IDT), and non-tax income (NTR) were applied as independent variables. Secondary time series data from 1979 to 2020 was applied in this research work to check the stationarity of data unit root tests of Philips Peron (PP) and Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) employed. Granger causality and Auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach were applied for the empirical estimation of the study. ARDL bound test shows that co-integration exists in both models. The ARDL approach outcomes indicated as non-tax income, indirect tax, and direct tax have significant a relationship with current expenditure in the long run. Direct and indirect taxes have a significant relationship with development expenditure in the long run. Granger causality test estimates indicated as in both model shortest tax, indirect tax, and non-tax income has no causal relationship with current expenditure and development expenditure. In conclusion, estimates of this research supported the institutional separation hypothesis.Fiscal policy plays a significant role to acquire price stability, employment opportunities, and output increase. This study has examined co-integration and casual association in components of revenue and expenditure of Pakistan to develop appropriate fiscal policy. This research work focused on two models as a current expenditure (CE) was applied as the dependent variable in model 1 while in model 2, development expenditure (DE) was considered as the dependent variable. In both models, government revenue components such as shortest tax (DT), indirect tax (IDT), and non-tax income (NTR) were applied as independent variables. Secondary time series data from 1979 to 2020 was applied in this research work to check the stationarity of data unit root tests of Philips Peron (PP) and Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) employed. Granger causality and Auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach were applied for the empirical estimation of the study. ARDL bound test shows that co-integration exists in both models. The ARDL approach outcomes indicated as non-tax income, indirect tax, and direct tax have significant a relationship with current expenditure in the long run. Direct and indirect taxes have a significant relationship with development expenditure in the long run. Granger causality test estimates indicated as in both model shortest tax, indirect tax, and non-tax income has no causal relationship with current expenditure and development expenditure. In conclusion, estimates of this research supported the institutional separation hypothesis.

Published
2022
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49. Farmer’s Perceptions on Market and Climate Risks: Adaptive Behavior in Punjab, Pakistan

Author

Ahmad, Dilshad, Shabbir, Mah Rukh, Shah, Salyha Zulfiqar Ali, Ahmad, Dilshad, Shabbir, Mah Rukh, and Shah, Salyha Zulfiqar Ali

Abstract

Purpose: Rural communities particularly in developing countries are consecutively facing losses of income and crops production due to dynamics of the market and climatic risks. The specific objective of this research is to investigate farmers’ perceptions of market and climate risks and their adaptive behavior in Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: A multistage random sampling approach was used for collecting the data of 480 household respondents from climate-based categorized three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Findings: For empirical correlation of risk perception of farmers with combined risks and adaptive behavior, this study used two Logit models. Estimates indicated as risk perception of the farmers market and climate change significantly affected their adoption behavior such as fall in agriculture products prices and drought while an increase in floods, rainfall and hail storms. Logit model explanatory capacity was improved by including demographic factors in the model. Large farms household heads were unwilling whereas well-educated and male farmers were more enthusiastic to take measures for avoidance of risks. In averting the climate risks, the majority of farmers adopted scheduled adjustment and crop varieties as adaptive measures in the study area. Policy Implications: For motivating farmers to adapt and risk management measures there is a need for adequate provision of financial support through formal institutions on the subsidized rate of interest in these study areas.

Published
2022

50. Economic Violence against Women in Punjab: Dimensions, Determinants and its Implications on Women Social Status in Society

Author

Ahmad, Dilshad, Shah, Salyha Zulfiqar Ali, Shabbir, Mah Rukh, Ahmad, Dilshad, Shah, Salyha Zulfiqar Ali, and Shabbir, Mah Rukh

Abstract

Purpose: Women are almost half the population of the world while their poor social status and limited participation in society is a serious issue of their deprivation specifically in developing countries like Pakistan. This study was attempted to investigate economic violence against women and its influential factors on women's social status in society. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used multiple regression analysis for empirical estimation of cross-sectional data of 840 married men from three low socio-economic districts Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur and Muzaffargarh from Punjab province of Pakistan. Findings: Empirical estimates of the study indicated among men above secondary school education, agricultural occupational status, emotional health status, childhood violence experience and witness are significant factors that impact women's economic violence. Implications/Originality/Value: There is a need for adequate legislation and policy measures for free and easy access to schooling, particularly in rural areas. In reducing gender disparity and violence’s regarding women social media, electronic media and print media can play a significant role by providing productive and positive messages in discussions and programs.

Published
2022

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