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Aflatoxins are carcinogens that can contaminate food and affect various body organs especially liver and kidney. When consumed, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) is partially metabolised into aflatoxin M 1 (AFM 1 ), which is excreted in the urine. Breast milk may also contain AFM 1 due to maternal dietary intake from contaminated food. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the levels of AFM 1 in both urine and breast milk among breastfeeding mothers ( n  = 256). The mother's demographic information was collected during recruitment. Mothers were then scheduled for an appointment to provide a morning urine sample along with five to ten mL samples of breast milk. AFM 1 levels in both samples were analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spearman's rho and Chi-square were used to determine the associations between mean levels of AFM 1 in urine and breast milk. Findings show 68.0% of urine samples were contaminated with AFM1 (mean levels = 0.08 ± 0.04 ng/mL), while 14.8% of breast milk samples had AFM 1 (mean levels = 5.94 ± 1.81 ng/kg). Urine AFM 1 levels were not significantly associated with AFM 1 levels in breast milk ( p  > 0.05). This study can act as a baseline for future research examining long-term aflatoxin exposure among both mothers and infants.