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Infectious and inflammatory processes in sutured soft tissue wounds are met in 3–22% of cases despite the strict following of aseptic and antiseptic rules, application of new antiseptic agents with high bactericidal effect as well as improved techniques for prevention and management of wound infection.Objective. To perform a comparative analysis on healing processes in sutured soft tissue wounds after surgical interventions in which purulent-necrotic processes have developed.Materials and methods. All patients were divided into two groups – main and control. Patients from the main group (n = 58) had vacuum drainage of subcutaneous tissues in sutured wounds after surgery from June 2019 till November 2021. Case-histories of 80 patients from the control group were analyzed retrospectively; the researchers assessed outcomes after surgical management. In these patients, drainage of subcutaneous tissues in sutured wounds after surgery for purulent-necrotic processes in soft tissues was done using the traditional flow-washing technique. Both studied groups were comparable in sex, age and co-morbidity.Results. In the control group, complications in the form of suppurated lesions were noted in 17 (17.5 %) patients. In 10 (12.5 %) patients with marginal skin necrosis, there was suture dehiscence. None of 58 patients from the main group in whom surgical wounds were treated with the technique of vacuum drainage developed by us had any purulent-septic complications. In all cases, wounds healed with the primary intention.Conclusion. The technique of vacuum drainage developed by us allowed to achieve better outcomes at the early postoperative period.

Introduction. The COVID-19 impact on hemostasis of stroke survivors with community-acquired pneumonia is an urgent problem. The aim of the study is to analyze the features of clinical and laboratory parameters in cerebral stroke combined with community-acquired pneumonia caused by the SARS-Co-V-2 virus. Materials and methods. The instrumental and laboratory examination results of 88 patients aged 73.0 (12.3) years in the acute period of stroke with community-acquired viral pneumonia symptoms were analyzed. The present study included 39.8 % (n=53) male and 60.2 % female (n=35) with duration of diagnosed infectious disease less than 7 days. The symptoms of cerebral stroke were compared with the results of laboratory testing of the hemostasis system, lipid metabolism, and the activity of the systemic inflammatory response. The severity of lung tissue damage and the outcomes of the diagnosed changes were assessed. Results. All patients had mild or moderate COVID-19. In 87.5 % (n=77) cases unspecified (40.2 %, n=31), cardioembolic (36.4 %, n=28), lacunar (3.9 %, n=3) and atherothrombotic (19.5 %, n=15) ischemic stroke subtype was diagnosed. Focal ischemia lesion in the left middle cerebral artery (LMCA) territory was detected in 45.6 % (n=35), in the right middle cerebral artery (RMCA) territory in 41.6 % (n=32). Manifestations of hemorrhagic stroke were noted in 12.5 % (n=11) with signs of parenchymal hemorrhage in 54.5 % (n=6), ventricular hemorrhage in 27.3 % (n=3), subarachnoid hemorrhages were noted in 18.2 % (n=2). The indicators of the coagulation system in terms of the number of platelets corresponded to 251.3 (90.7); the APTT value was in the range of 29.2 (26.7 33.0) (s); the INR parameter was 1.16 (1.05 1.25); the value of prothrombin ( %) corresponded to the value of 85.9(23.4). Conclusion. We do not observe the great disorders of haemostasis in the most acute period of the stroke. When combined with COVID-19 the most common stroke is ischemic stroke. The stroke survivors with the community-acquired pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests show that increase of inflammatory markers are above the reference range.

Changes in cell metabolism accompany the development of a wide spectrum of pathologies including cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, usage of inhibitors of metabolic enzymes are considered a promising strategy for the development of therapeutic agents. However, the investigation of cellular metabolism is hampered by the significant impact of culture media, which interfere with many cellular processes, thus making cellular models irrelevant. There are numerous reports that show that the results from in vitro systems are not reproduced in in vivo models and patients. Over the last decade a novel approach has emerged, which consists of adaptation of the culture medium composition to that closer to the composition of blood plasma. In 2017‒2019, two plasma-like media were proposed, Plasmax and HPLM. In the review, we have summarized the drawbacks of common media and have analyzed changes in the metabolism of cells cultivated in common and plasma-like media in normal and pathological conditions.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the regulation of various processes in the cell. The increase in their production is a factor contributing to the development of numerous pathologies, including inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Accordingly, the study of ROS production and neutralization, as well as redox-dependent processes and the post-translational modifications of proteins, is warranted. Here, we present a transcriptomic analysis of the gene expression of various redox systems and related metabolic processes, such as polyamine and proline metabolism and the urea cycle in Huh7.5 hepatoma cells and the HepaRG liver progenitor cell line, that are widely used in hepatitis research. In addition, changes in response to the activation of polyamine catabolism that contribute to oxidative stress were studied. In particular, differences in the gene expression of various ROS-producing and ROS-neutralizing proteins, the enzymes of polyamine metabolisms and proline and urea cycles, as well as calcium ion transporters between cell lines, are shown. The data obtained are important for understanding the redox biology of viral hepatitis and elucidating the influence of the laboratory models used.

The management of the vessel's course on the course is an important maritime quality that determines the effectiveness of the vessel's management. The environmental conditions in which course management tasks need to be addressed are of a different nature - limited visibility, stormy weather, icing, shallow water, tidal phenomena, narrow conditions, the presence of other vessels, and so on. All these aspects cannot be comprehensively considered by traditional mathematical methods, ensuring the necessary adequacy of the actual process. This paper highlights the existing approaches to the management of ship traffic on the course such as course management, disturbance management, ship traffic management on the basis of long-term forecasting, proportional-integral-differential (PID) law of control (deviation control), intellectual approaches to court management, in particular, synergetic approach, use of neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary (genetic) algorithms-languages.

The golden cuttlefish Sepia esculenta is the one of most abundant cuttlefish species around south-east Asia and has a high commercial value. Despite its wide distribution and high commercial value, its reproductive biology is still poorly understood. This study was based on 25 males and 6 females. The potential fecundity (PF) of females was 1701–3719 oocytes, which was an increase, as compared to the previously known values. The oocyte resorption reached up to 13.2% of fecundity. The ovulation pattern was group-synchronous, with a predominance of previtellogenic oocytes. The pre-meiotic and primary growth oocyte phases were absent in mature females. The number of spermatophores carried by an individual male was 146–1698 (length 9–20 mm). The spermatophores were characterised by a cement body consisting of conical oral and cylindrical aboral parts. The ontogenetic changes in the spermatophores and their parts were recorded for the first time in the order of Sepiida. Their sperm content and their adhesive abilities also increased during ontogenesis. The data obtained in the present study significantly increased and corrected the existing knowledge of S. esculenta biology. Moreover, these data help to explain the general patterns of reproductive biology in cuttlefish, as well as in Cephalopoda as a whole.

In the published article, there was an error in the author list, and author Jorge Hernández-Urcera was erroneously excluded. The corrected author list appears below. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Relevance. Beam cages are the most common type of floor covering for working areas of buildings and structures. Based on the results of a critical analysis of the existing methods for calculating and arranging the dimensions of beam cells, it was established that there are no clear recommendations on the rational range of selection of the sizes of beam cells depending on the surface load. The purpose of the study is to present the areas of rational operation of steel rolling beams, secured against buckling, based on the requirements of the calculation by the method of limit states. Methods. The tasks set in the work, aimed at achieving the research goal, are solved by analytical methods, relying on the basic laws of structural mechanics and existing knowledge about the actual operation of steel rolling beams under load. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to construct the main dependencies presented on the nomograms. Results. Areas of rational operation of steel rolling beams, secured against curvatures, are determined. The area of rational operation of beams is presented in the form of nomograms, which allow at the design stage to use a beam cell of maximum dimensions. As a criterion for rationalization, the criterion of the simultaneous satisfaction of the accepted section of the beam with the requirements of two groups of limiting states with minimum reserves was chosen. A refined algorithm for the layout of the beam cages and a refined method for calculating the cross-section of rolled beams are proposed, which make it possible to arrange the dimensions of the beam cage with a minimum steel consumption. The increase in the overall dimensions of the cells of the working platforms is substantiated.

Cephalopods are important in Arctic marine ecosystems as predators and prey, but knowledge of their life cycles is poor. Consequently, they are under-represented in the Arctic ecosystems assessment models. One important parameter is the change in ecological role (habitat and diet) associated with individual ontogenies. Here, the life history of Gonatus fabricii, the most abundant Arctic cephalopod, is reconstructed by the analysis of individual ontogenetic trajectories of stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in archival hard body structures. This approach allows the prediction of the exact mantle length (ML) and mass when the species changes its ecological role. Our results show that the life history of G. fabricii is divided into four stages, each having a distinct ecology: (1) epipelagic squid (ML < 20 mm), preying mostly on copepods; (2) epi- and occasionally mesopelagic squid (ML 20–50 mm), preying on larger crustaceans, fish, and cephalopods; (3) meso- and bathypelagic squid (ML > 50 mm), preying mainly on fish and cephalopods; and (4) non-feeding bathypelagic gelatinous females (ML > 200 mm). Existing Arctic ecosystem models do not reflect the different ecological roles of G. fabricii correctly, and the novel data provided here are a necessary baseline for Arctic ecosystem modelling and forecasting.

Viral infections attract more and more attention, especially after the emergence of novel zoonotic coronaviruses and the monkeypox virus over the last 2 decades. Research on viruses is based to a great extent on mammalian cell lines that are permissive to the respective viruses. These cell lines are usually cultivated according to the protocols established in the 1950s to 1970s, although it is clear that classical media have a significant imprint on cell growth, phenotype, and especially metabolism. So, recently in the field of biochemistry and metabolomics novel culture media have been developed that resemble human blood plasma. As perturbations in metabolic and redox pathways during infection are considered significant factors of viral pathogenesis, these novel medium formulations should be adapted by the virology field. So far, there are only scarce data available on viral propagation efficiencies in cells cultivated in plasma-like media. But several groups have presented convincing data on the use of such media for cultivation of uninfected cells. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current state of research in the field of plasma-resembling culture media and to point out the influence of media on various cellular processes in uninfected cells that may play important roles in viral replication and pathogenesis in order to sensitize virology research to the use of such media.

30 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables.-- This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), The use of cephalopod beaks in ecological and population dynamics studies has allowed major advances of our knowledge on the role of cephalopods in marine ecosystems in the last 60 years. Since the 1960’s, with the pioneering research by Malcolm Clarke and colleagues, cephalopod beaks (also named jaws or mandibles) have been described to species level and their measurements have been shown to be related to cephalopod body size and mass, which permitted important information to be obtained on numerous biological and ecological aspects of cephalopods in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, a range of new techniques has been applied to cephalopod beaks, permitting new kinds of insight into cephalopod biology and ecology. The workshop on cephalopod beaks of the Cephalopod International Advisory Council Conference (Sesimbra, Portugal) in 2022 aimed to review the most recent scientific developments in this field and to identify future challenges, particularly in relation to taxonomy, age, growth, chemical composition (i.e., DNA, proteomics, stable isotopes, trace elements) and physical (i.e., structural) analyses. In terms of taxonomy, new techniques (e.g., 3D geometric morphometrics) for identifying cephalopods from their beaks are being developed with promising results, although the need for experts and reference collections of cephalopod beaks will continue. The use of beak microstructure for age and growth studies has been validated. Stable isotope analyses on beaks have proven to be an excellent technique to get valuable information on the ecology of cephalopods (namely habitat and trophic position). Trace element analyses is also possible using beaks, where concentrations are significantly lower than in other tissues (e.g., muscle, digestive gland, gills). Extracting DNA from beaks was only possible in one study so far. Protein analyses can also be made using cephalopod beaks. Future challenges in research using cephalopod beaks are also discussed, This study benefited from the strategic program of the Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), financed by the FCT (UIDB/704292/2020). This project was also supported through funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101065960 granted to AG. JQ is supported by FCT PhD scholarship co-financed by FSE (SFRH/BD/144320/2019). CP-R would like to thank the support of the project OCTOMICS (AGL 201789475-C2-1-R) and the EU-FEDER funds. ÁG also thank the support of the project ECOSUMA (PID 2019-110088RB-I00). The IUF (Institut Universitaire de France) is acknowledged for its support to PB as a senior member. VD was supported by NSF REU Site EAR-1062692, as well as through a Natural History Research Experiences summer internship at the Smithsonian Institution. AG-M was supported by a PhD-fellowship (PIFULPGC-2017-CIENCIAS-2) from the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Participation of ER in the workshop on cephalopod beaks and studies of cephalopods in Reunion Island was supported by the Project DECAPOT funded by EU FEDER and la Région Réunion. AS-M was supported by a PhD-fellowship (ref. PRE 2021-099558) associated to the project BITER (PID 2020-114732RB-C31, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spanish Government). LS was supported by a Human Frontier Science Program Long-term fellowship (LT000476/2021-L). EV would like to thank support from the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq # 316391/2021-2)

Cephalopods are important in Arctic marine ecosystems as predators and prey, but knowledge of their life cycles is poor. Consequently, they are under-represented in the Arctic ecosystems assessment models. One important parameter is the change in ecological role (habitat and diet) associated with individual ontogenies. Here, the life history of