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Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis is the property of Nanjing Hangkong Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xinyang Normal University Natural Science Edition is the property of Journal of Xinyang Normal University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Earthquake Sciences is the property of China Earthquake Administration, Institute of Geophysics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Disasters is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Northwest A & F University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Feed Industry is the property of Liaoning Provincial Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) technology in evaluating carotid atherosclerosis and left ventricular function in elderly patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) and hypertension. Methods The general data of 82 inpatients with CAD were retrospectively analyzed. According to the presence or absence of hypertension, these patients were divided into CAD+HT group (CAD complicated with hypertension, 35 cases) and CAD group (47 cases). Meanwhile, 45 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. All subjects underwent 3D-STE examination. The conventional echocardiographic parameters, echocardiographic ventricular morphology, 3D-STE related parameters, and left ventricular segmental strain values in different groups were comparatively analyzed. Results Diameter of left anterior descending branch, LAV, IVST, LVPWTd, RWT, LVMI and LVEDd of the CAD+HT group were all significantly higher than those of the CAD group and the control group. LVEF and E / A were both lower than those of the other groups (P<0. 05). There were significant differences between the CAD group and the control group in terms of the diameter of left anterior descending branch, LVEDd, IVST, E / A, and LVEF ( P < 0. 05 ). The normal rate of ventricular morphology in the CAD+HT group was significantly lower than that in the CAD group and the control group; the proportions of centripetal remodeling in the CAD+HT group and the CAD group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0. 05). The spherical index, LVM, GLS, GCS and GAS of the CAD+HT group were all significantly higher than those of the CAD group and the control group while GRS was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in GLS and GCS between the CAD group and the control group (P<0. 05). The strain values of the basal, middle, and apical segment in the CAD+HT group and the CAD group were significantly higher than those of the control group; the strain values of the anterior, lateral and posterior wall of the basal segment, and the values of the anterior and lateral wall of the middle segment in the CAD+HT group were significantly higher than those in the CAD group (P<0. 05). Conclusion The technology of 3D-STE can provide objective and reliable data for evaluating segmental ventricular dyskinesia in elderly patients with CAD and hypertension. It can also be used as an important method for evaluating carotid atherosclerosis and left ventricular function damage in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cyber Security & Data Governance is the property of Editorial Office of Information Technology & Network Security and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Kunming Medical University / Kunming Yike Daxue Xuebao is the property of Kunming Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A reasonable set of blasting parameters is of great significance to open pit mines economic benefit and production capacity. As the mining depth increases, the difference between ore and rock gradually appeared, the original single blasting parameter group is no longer applicable. In order to optimize the parameters of different lithology bench blasting in an open pit mine in Qinghai province and improve the blasting effect of bench blasting. Based on Livings to nz s blasting crater theory a series of blasting crater tests were conducted on three different types of rocks in the open pit mining area. The critical burial depth, optimal burial depth, and optimal blasting funnel radius of explosives were obtained, and reasonable blasting parameter groups, including hole spacing, row spacing, and single hole charge were calculated based on similarity criteria. The on site application results show that while the powder factor is reduced, the blasting effect is also improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University / Nanjuing Nongye Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the effect of polyethylene glycol on degradation efficiency of nutrients in sorghum and to select the appropriate dosage of polyethylene glycol. [Methods] Based on in vitro bionic digestion simulating by the chemical enzyme digestion and microbial fermentation process in the foregut and postgut of pigs, the high-tannin sorghums (tannin content 50 mg·g-1 catechin equivalent) were supplemented with 0,25,50, 100 and 250 mg·g-1 polyethylene glycol by using a completely randomized trial design, and each treatment had 5 replicates, degradation efficiency of nutrients was measured. [Results] Polyethylene glycol significantly decreased the content of condensed tannin in sorghum (P<0.05). During the digestible process of pepsin, pepsin- trypsin or pepsin-trypsin-microbial fermentation, the disappearance rates of air dry matter, gross energy and nitrogen of sorghum were linearly increased with the increasing of polyethylene glycol supplementation (P<0.05). The disappearance rate of nutrients in 25 mg·g-1 polyethylene glycol group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). Except for the disappearance rate of nitrogen during pepsin treatment, there was no significant difference in the disappearance rate of sorghum nutrients among 50, 100 and 250 mg·g-1 polyethylene glycol (the ratio of polyethylene glycol supplementation to sorghum tannin content were 1,2 and 5) treatment groups (P>0.05). [Conclusions] Polyethylene glycol could significantly improve the disappearance rate of nutrients in high tannin sorghum, and polyethylene glycol should be supplemented in proportion to the tannin content of sorghum based on in-vitro simulated pig digestion and fermentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Geology & Exploration is the property of Xian Research Institute of China Coal Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Light Industry Machinery is the property of Light Industry Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nonferrous Metals Engineering is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Science Research & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Management & Systems is the property of Business Administration Association of R.O.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] The effect of sorghum tannin on nutrient degradation efficiency of sorghum was studied. [Methods]The in vitro bionic digestion of pigs was used to simulate enzymatic digestion and microbial digestion of sorghum in the foregut and hindgut of pigs by a single-factor completely randomized design in this study. Sorghum tannin extracts including 60% of sorghum tannin were added to low tannin sorghum grain including 0.04% of sorghum tannin in China with different gradients, resulting in 0,0.15%,0.3%,0.6%,1.8% and 3.0% of the tannin concentration in sorghum samples. Each treatment contained 5 replicates and 3 blank controls (no digestive enzymes or microorganisms). [Results] The disappearance rates of air dry matter, gross energy and nitrogen of sorghum decreased linearly with the increase of sorghum tannin supplementation(P<0.01) during pepsin degradation, pepsin-trypsin degradation, or microbial fermentation of undigested residues from the intro enzymatic digestion. There were no significant differences among 0,0.15%,0.3%, and 0.6% treatments (P>0.05). During pepsin degradation, pepsin-trypsin degradation, or microbial fermentation of undigested residues from the intro enzymatic digestion, the disappearance ratio of nutrients in 1.8% sorghum tannin supplementation was significantly higher than that in 3% supplementation(P<0.05),but significantly lower than that in other treatments(P<0.05). The coefficients of the simulated linear equation ranged from 3.56 to 6.33(R²>0.994). [Conclusions] Sorghum tannin linearly reduced the disappearance ratio of nutrients in vitro, but sorghum tannin content below 0.6% had no significantly negative effect on the disappearance ratio of nutrients in vitro. Additionally, during pepsin-trypsin degradation or microbial fermentation of undigested residues from the in vitro enzymatic digestion, disappearance ratio of nutrients in sorghum could decrease by more than 3.5% when the tannin content was increased by 1% in the sorghum grain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences / Chung-kuo ko Hsueh Yuan Yuan Kan is the property of Institutes of Science & Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The phenotypic differences of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wild strain (CC5325) and CRY mutant strain (crcry) under normal CK (Control) and Blue BL (Blue light) cultures were investigated. The PCR verification showed that the crcry mutant was inserted with paromomycin resistance gene AphVIII expression box in the coding region. AphVIII resistance gene was inserted into crcry mutant and successfully expressed in plate and liquid culture system with paromomycin as screening condition. Phenotypic identification showed that there were no significant differences in growth, pigment, photosynthesis and lipid synthesis between wild strain CC5325 and mutant strain crcry under CK culture condition. However, under BL condition, the growth of mutant crcry was significantly inhibited, and the color of algae liquid turned yellow. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total pigment contents of unit cells decreased significantly, while total carotenoid contents increased significantly. The photosynthetic system was severely suppressed and the total lipid content significantly reduced. In conclusion, plant cry is involved in the blue light response of C. reinhardtii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Feed Research is the property of Editorial Board of Feed Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology, Natural Science is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)plays an important role in utilizing the heterosis of radish and related Brassica crops, at the same time, the investigation of CMS fertility mechanism will facilitate dissecting the molecular mechanism underlying nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction. The main types of CMS sterility in radish include Ogura, Kos, NWB and DCGMS. Ogura CMS originates from Japanese wild radish whose microspore is mostly aborted at tetrad-uninucleate stage, and NWB and DCGMS CMS originate from European wild radish whose microspore abortion occurs at the uninucleate stage. Several CMS sterility genes including orf138,orf125,orf463 and orf463a,and the fertility restoring genes including Rfo,Rf3,Rfs,Rfk1 and Rfd1,were identified. With the investigation of the genetic model, structural characteristics and interaction of sterile and fertility restoring（Rf）gene, the mechanism underlying the Ogura CMS and fertility restoration have been clarified. That is, the PPR-B protein encoded by Rf gene specifically binds the mRNA of orf138,and acts as a ribosome blocker, and it specifically prevents translation elongation, thus reducing the content of ORF138 protein to restore fertility; however, the binding site of the PPR-B protein needs to be identified. In addition, the progress in the fields of radish CMS sterile cytoplasmic utilization, including the development of fertility restoring gene markers, the transferring male sterility, and the sterile cytoplasmic source for a related species, was reviewed in the paper, and the existing problems and research priorities in the field of genetic mechanism and utilization of CMS were also prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‑8（ZIF‑8）is a kind of porous material with large specific surface area and strong stability，which is widely used in gas storage，separation，catalysis and other fields. In this work，the effect of different reaction conditions，such as the molar ratio of Zn2+ to 2‑methylimidazole，the amount of surfactant and the reaction solvents，on the size and morphology of ZIF‑8 were reported. Among these conditions，the molar ratio of Zn2+ to 2‑methylimidazole is the key factor affecting the size and morphology of ZIF‑8. The synthesized ZIF‑8 nanoparticles were characterized by SEM，BET and XRD. The size of ZIF‑8 decreases gradually from 1500 nm to 850 nm then to 250 nm，and the morphology changes from truncated hexahedron to truncated dodecahedron and finally to dodecahedron. The specific surface area of ZIF‑8 nanoparticles with a particle size of 250 nm is 1730 m2 /g，and the pore size and pore volume are 1. 5 nm and 0. 6 cm³ /g，respectively. Therefore，it can be seen that ZIF‑8 nanoparticles with a particle size of 250 nm have excellent carrier characteristics. The impregnation method was further adopted to synthesize the supported catalyst，and boron ammonia was used as the reducing agent. The ZIF‑8（250 nm）nanoparticles were loaded with metals/precious metal nanoparticles in situ，the component optimization and catalytic performance were further studied. The obtained catalyst ZIF‑8/Pt0. 002@Ni0. 2 shows excellent performance in hydrogen generation from aminoborane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University / Nanjuing Nongye Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology is the property of Journal of Guangdong University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)