39 results on '"Åkerstedt, Torbjörn"'
Search Results
2. What do women mean by poor sleep? A large population-based sample with polysomnographical indicators, inflammation, fatigue, depression, and anxiety
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Schwarz, Johanna, Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, and Lindberg, Eva
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- 2023
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3. Shiftworkers’ attitude to their work hours, positive or negative, and why?
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Sallinen, Mikael, and Kecklund, Göran
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- 2022
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4. Shift work
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary
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- 2023
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5. Social and economic impact (65)
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary
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- 2023
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6. Occupational impact
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary
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- 2023
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7. Changes in Sleep Quality, Sleep Duration, and Sickness Absence: A Longitudinal Study with Repeated Measures.
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Eriksson, Julia, Freyland, Sara, Widman, Linnea, Magnusson Hanson, Linda L., and Miley-Åkerstedt, Anna
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SICK leave ,RISK assessment ,REPEATED measures design ,JOB absenteeism ,RESEARCH funding ,INDUSTRIAL psychology ,SEX distribution ,STATISTICAL sampling ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,BLUE collar workers ,SLEEP duration ,LONGITUDINAL method ,ODDS ratio ,JOB stress ,WOMEN employees ,SLEEP quality ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DATA analysis software ,SLEEP disorders ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: Sickness absence has been linked to short and long, as well as poor, sleep in a few studies. Such studies have started from a baseline measurement and followed up on subsequent sickness absence. In the present study, however, we focused on the change in biennial reports of sickness absence and sleep measures (using work-related variables as possible modifiers). We also searched for an interaction between predictors and gender since women report more sleep problems. Methods: A total of 5377 individuals (random sample from the Swedish working population) participated across five biennial points of measurement. Data were analyzed using mixed-model logistic regression. Results: The multivariable analysis of variation across the five time points showed that the significant sleep-related predictors of sickness absence (at least one occurrence during the preceding year) were sleep duration during days off (OR = 1.16, 95% Cl = 1.08;1.24) and sleep problems (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.33;1.51). These also remained significant after the addition of psychosocial work factors. Sensitivity analyses indicated that a 9 h sleep duration during days off may represent a critical level in terms of increased sickness absence and that late rising contributed to the association between sickness absence and long sleep duration during days off. Women reported a higher sickness absence than men (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.74;2.68) and had a higher probability of sickness absence for long sleep during days off and during the workweek than men. Conclusions: It was concluded that increases in sleep problems and sleep duration during days off are longitudinally associated with changes in sickness absence and that women have a closer link between the two. This suggests that treatment for sleep problems may reduce the risk of sickness absence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Sleep in everyday life – relationship to mood and performance in young and older adults: a study protocol
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Schwarz, Johanna, primary, Freidle, Malin, additional, van Leeuwen, Wessel, additional, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, and Kecklund, Göran, additional
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- 2023
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9. The association of short and long sleep with mortality in men and women.
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Bellocco, Rino, Widman, Linnea, Eriksson, Julia, Ye, Weimin, Adami, Hans‐Olov, and Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
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SLEEP duration , *WOMEN'S mortality , *GENDER differences (Sociology) , *DROWSINESS , *PROPORTIONAL hazards models , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *WAKEFULNESS ,CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality - Abstract
Summary: Both short (< 6 hr) and long (> 8 hr) sleep are associated with increased mortality. We here investigated whether the association between sleep duration and all‐cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality differs between men and women. A cohort of 34,311 participants (mean age and standard deviation = 50.5 ± 15.5 years, 65% women), with detailed assessment of sleep at baseline and up to 20.5 years of follow‐up (18 years for cause‐specific mortality), was analysed using Cox proportional hazards model to estimate HRs with 95% confidence intervals. After adjustment for covariates, all‐cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortalities were increased for both < 5 hr and ≥ 9 hr sleep durations (with 6 hr as reference). For all‐cause mortality, women who slept < 5 hr had a hazard ratio = 1.54 (95% confidence interval = 1.32–1.80), while the corresponding hazard ratio was 1.05 (95% confidence interval = 0.88–1.27) for men, the interaction being significant (p < 0.05). For cardiovascular disease mortality, exclusion of the first 2 years of exposure, as well as competing risk analysis eliminated the originally significant interaction. Cancer mortality did not show any significant interaction. Survival analysis of the difference between the reference duration (6 hr) and the short duration (< 5 hr) during follow‐up showed a gradually steeper reduction of survival time for women than for men for all‐cause mortality. We also observed that the lowest cancer mortality appeared for the 5‐hr sleep duration. In conclusion, the pattern of association between short sleep duration and all‐cause mortality differed between women and men, and the difference between men and women increased with follow‐up time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. The Polysomnographical Meaning of Changed Sleep Quality—A Study of Treatment with Reduced Time in Bed
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d’Onofrio, Paolo, primary, Jernelöv, Susanna, additional, Rosén, Ann, additional, Blom, Kerstin, additional, Kaldo, Viktor, additional, Schwarz, Johanna, additional, and Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional
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- 2023
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11. The association of short and long sleep with mortality in men and women
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary, Bellocco, Rino, additional, Widman, Linnea, additional, Eriksson, Julia, additional, Ye, Weimin, additional, Adami, Hans‐Olov, additional, and Trolle Lagerros, Ylva, additional
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- 2023
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12. Different sleep pattern in over-weight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
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Oberg, Emma, primary, Blomberg, Liselotte, additional, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, and Hirschberg, Angelica Lindén, additional
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- 2023
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13. A comparison of sleep restriction and sleep compression on objective measures of sleep : A sub-sample from a large randomised controlled trial
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Rosén, Ann, D'Onofrio, Paolo, Kaldo, Viktor, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Jernelöv, Susanna, Rosén, Ann, D'Onofrio, Paolo, Kaldo, Viktor, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Jernelöv, Susanna
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Sleep restriction therapy is a central component of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, but can lead to excessive sleepiness, which may impede treatment adherence. Sleep compression therapy has been suggested as a possibly gentler alternative. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sleep restriction therapy and sleep compression therapy on objective measures of sleep, with a focus on magnitude and timing of effects. From a larger study of participants with insomnia, a sub-sample of 36 underwent polysomnographic recordings, before being randomised to either sleep restriction (n = 19) or sleep compression (n = 17) and receiving online treatment for 10 weeks. Assessments with polysomnography were also carried out after 2, 5, and 10 weeks of treatment. Data were analysed with multilevel linear mixed effect modelling. As per treatment instructions, participants in sleep restriction initially spent shorter time in bed compared with sleep compression. Participants in sleep restriction also showed an initial decrease of total sleep time, which was not seen in the sleep compression group. Both treatments led to improvements in sleep continuity variables, with a tendency for the improvements to come earlier during treatment in sleep restriction. No substantial differences were found between the two treatments 10 weeks after the treatment start. The results indicate that homeostatic sleep pressure may not be as important as a mechanism in sleep compression therapy as in sleep restriction therapy, and an investigation of other mechanisms is needed. In conclusion, the treatments led to similar changes in objective sleep at a somewhat different pace, and possibly through different mechanisms., This research was supported by grants from the L. J. Boëthius foundation.
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- 2023
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14. The association of short and long sleep with mortality in men and women
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Bellocco, Rino, Widman, Linnea, Eriksson, Julia, Ye, Weimin, Adami, Hans-Olov, Trolle Lagerros, Ylva, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Bellocco, Rino, Widman, Linnea, Eriksson, Julia, Ye, Weimin, Adami, Hans-Olov, and Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
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Both short (< 6 hr) and long (> 8 hr) sleep are associated with increased mortality. We here investigated whether the association between sleep duration and all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality differs between men and women. A cohort of 34,311 participants (mean age and standard deviation = 50.5 ± 15.5 years, 65% women), with detailed assessment of sleep at baseline and up to 20.5 years of follow-up (18 years for cause-specific mortality), was analysed using Cox proportional hazards model to estimate HRs with 95% confidence intervals. After adjustment for covariates, all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortalities were increased for both < 5 hr and ≥ 9 hr sleep durations (with 6 hr as reference). For all-cause mortality, women who slept < 5 hr had a hazard ratio = 1.54 (95% confidence interval = 1.32–1.80), while the corresponding hazard ratio was 1.05 (95% confidence interval = 0.88–1.27) for men, the interaction being significant (p < 0.05). For cardiovascular disease mortality, exclusion of the first 2 years of exposure, as well as competing risk analysis eliminated the originally significant interaction. Cancer mortality did not show any significant interaction. Survival analysis of the difference between the reference duration (6 hr) and the short duration (< 5 hr) during follow-up showed a gradually steeper reduction of survival time for women than for men for all-cause mortality. We also observed that the lowest cancer mortality appeared for the 5-hr sleep duration. In conclusion, the pattern of association between short sleep duration and all-cause mortality differed between women and men, and the difference between men and women increased with follow-up time.
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- 2023
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15. Insufficient sleep during adolescence and risk of multiple sclerosis : results from a Swedish case-control study
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, Hedström, Anna Karin, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, and Hedström, Anna Karin
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Background Shift work, which often results in sleep deprivation and circadian desynchrony, has been associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed at studying the impact of sleep duration, circadian disruption and sleep quality on MS risk. Methods We used a Swedish population-based case-control study (2075 cases, 3164 controls). Aspects of sleep were associated with MS risk by calculating OR with 95% CIs using logistic regression models. Results Compared with sleeping 7-9 hours/night during adolescence, short sleep (<7 hours/night) was associated with increased risk of developing MS (OR 1.4, 95% OR 1.1-1.7). Similarly, subjective low sleep quality during adolescence increased the risk of subsequently developing MS (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.9), whereas phase shift did not significantly influence the risk. Our findings remained similar when those who worked shifts were excluded. Conclusions Insufficient sleep and low sleep quality during adolescence seem to increase the risk of subsequently developing MS. Sufficient restorative sleep at young age, needed for adequate immune functioning, may be a preventive factor against MS.
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- 2023
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16. The Polysomnographical Meaning of Changed Sleep Quality - A Study of Treatment with Reduced Time in Bed
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d'Onofrio, Paolo, Jernelov, Susanna, Rosen, Ann, Blom, Kerstin, Kaldo, Viktor, Schwarz, Johanna, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, d'Onofrio, Paolo, Jernelov, Susanna, Rosen, Ann, Blom, Kerstin, Kaldo, Viktor, Schwarz, Johanna, and Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
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Background: Reports of poor sleep are widespread, but their link with objective sleep (polysomnography-PSG) is weak in cross-sectional studies. In contrast, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between changes in subjective and objective sleep variables using data from a study of the reduction in time in bed (TIB). Methods: One sleep recording was carried out at baseline and one at treatment week 5 (end of treatment) (N = 34). Results: The Karolinska Sleep Quality Index improved and was correlated with improvement in sleep efficiency (r = 0.41, p < 0.05) and reduction in TIB (r = -0.47, p < 0.01) and sleep latency (r = 0.36, p < 0.05). The restorative sleep index showed similar results. Improvements in the insomnia severity index (ISI) essentially lacked correlations with changes in the PSG variables. It was suggested that the latter may be due to the ISI representing a week of subjective sleep experience, of which a single PSG night may not be representative. Conclusions: It was concluded that changes in the subjective ratings of sleep are relatively well associated with changes in the PSG-based sleep continuity variables when both describe the same sleep.
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- 2023
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17. Interactive association between insomnia symptoms and sleep duration for the risk of dementia—a prospective study in the Swedish National March Cohort.
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Tan, Xiao, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Lagerros, Ylva Trolle, Åkerstedt, Anna Miley, Bellocco, Rino, Adami, Hans-Olov, Ye, Weimin, Pei, Jin-Jing, and Wang, Hui-Xin
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DEMENTIA risk factors , *RESEARCH , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *SLEEP duration , *RISK assessment , *COMPARATIVE studies , *SLEEP disorders , *RESEARCH funding , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DEMENTIA , *INSOMNIA , *STATISTICAL correlation , *LONGITUDINAL method , *PROPORTIONAL hazards models , *DISEASE complications , *SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Objective Given the importance of sleep in maintaining neurocognitive health, both sleep duration and quality might be component causes of dementia. However, the possible role of insomnia symptoms as risk factors for dementia remain uncertain. Methods We prospectively studied 22,078 participants in the Swedish National March Cohort who were free from dementia and stroke at baseline. Occurrence of dementia was documented by national registers during a median follow-up period of 19.2 years. Insomnia symptoms and sleep duration were ascertained by Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Compared to participants without insomnia at baseline, those who reported any insomnia symptom experienced a greater incidence of dementia during follow-up (HR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.35). Difficulty initiating sleep versus non-insomnia (HR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.52), but not difficulty maintaining sleep or early morning awakening was associated with an increased risk of dementia. Short sleep duration was associated with increased risk of dementia (6 h vs. 8 h, HR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.51; 5 h vs. 8 h, HR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.00–1.57). Stratified analyses suggested that insomnia symptoms increased the risk of dementia only amongst participants with ≥7 h sleep (vs. non-insomnia HR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.00–1.54, P = 0.05), but not amongst short sleepers (<7 h). Short sleep duration also did not further inflate the risk of dementia amongst insomniacs. Conclusion Insomnia and short sleep duration increase the risk of dementia amongst middle-aged to older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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18. A comparison of sleep restriction and sleep compression on objective measures of sleep: A sub‐sample from a large randomised controlled trial
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Rosén, Ann, primary, D'Onofrio, Paolo, additional, Kaldo, Viktor, additional, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, and Jernelöv, Susanna, additional
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- 2023
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19. Insufficient sleep during adolescence and risk of multiple sclerosis: results from a Swedish case-control study
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary, Olsson, Tomas, additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, and Hedström, Anna Karin, additional
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- 2023
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20. Brain age prediction in subjects with sleep deprivation based on the ENIGMA-Sleep data
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Hoffstaedter, Felix, Antonopoulos, Georgios, Bajaj, Sahil, Bi, Hanwen, Chu, Congying, Cross, Nathan, Deantoni, Michele, Vu, Thien, Grova, Christophe, Eickhoff, Simon, Elmenhorst, Eva-Maria, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Holst, Sebastian, Jahanshad, Neda, Jegou, Aude, Jones, Richard, Landolt, Hans-Peter, Lekander, Mats, Mohamed, Abdalla, Mortazavi, Nasrin, Nilsonne, Gustav, Olsen, Alexander, Patil, Kaustubh, Peigneux, Philippe, Pomares, Florence, Poudel, Govinda, Raimondo, Federico, Smevik, Hanne, Spiegelhalder, Kai, Tamm, Sandra, Thomopoulos, Sophia, Thompson, Paul, Vandewalle, Gilles, Voldsbekk, Irene, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Tahmasian, Masoud, and Elmenhorst, David
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Sleep Medicine ,ENIGMA-Sleep ,Neuroscience and Neurobiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medical Specialties ,Life Sciences ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,sleep deprivation - Abstract
Sleep is essential for the maintenance of human physical health (Grandner et al., 2012; Reid et al., 2006), cognitive performance (Ferrie et al., 2011; Leng et al., 2017), and mental health (Freeman et al., 2017; Joao et al., 2018). Experimental sleep deprivation and different degrees of sleep restriction permit the characterization of human sleep behaviors and brain's responses to inadequate sleep (Durmer and Dinges, 2005; Elmenhorst et al., 2017; Elmenhorst et al., 2018; Van Dongen et al., 2003). Sleep disruption is known to impact not only brain functions but also affects brain anatomy; earlier studies found that sleep deprivation is associated with lower volumes of gray matter across various brain regions (Åkerstedt et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2014; Long et al., 2020; Sun et al., 2020), however with inconsistent localization of effects. Other studies reported alterations in white matter microstructure (Elvsåshagen et al., 2015; Voldsbekk et al., 2021), increased ventricles size, and cognitive decline (Lo et al., 2014). In addition, one-night sleep deprivation was found to increase the Aβ burden in the right hippocampus and thalamus of healthy controls (Shokri-Kojori 2018), suggesting an interrupted clearance pathway due to sleep deprivation. These prior studies suggest that sleep deprivation may impact anatomical features of the brain, but there is a need for large-scale replications and extensions of previous work. Increased brain age compared to chronological age is a risk factor for several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (Wyss-Coray, 2016). Brain-age prediction is a widely studied topic that aims to estimate the trajectory of brain aging (Franke et al., 2019), and its association with pathological conditions. MRI-derived features used to predict individuals’ brain age have proven to constitute a proxy for overall health (Habes et al., 2016, Koutsouleris et al., 2014, Cole et al., 2018). Sleep patterns also change with aging. In particular, older adults tend to sleep less, and present a more fragmented sleep with lower slow-wave sleep. They also present a reduced sleep rebound following sleep deprivation, report less sleepiness under acute sleep deprivation conditions, and report a smaller increase in lapses of attention after sleep deprivation [23]. However, little is known on whether brain-age models reflect the impact of sleep deprivation on the brain structure - i.e., the difference between predicted age and real age (so-called brain-age delta) using MRI data. We hypothesized that the morphological alterations associated with sleep deprivation would lead to an increased brain-delta score.
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- 2022
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21. SLEMEG - An MEG-study on the effects of insufficient sleep on emotional and attentional processes
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Gerhardsson, Andreas, Lundqvist, Daniel, Fischer, Håkan, Månsson, Kristoffer, Kecklund, Göran, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Schwarz, Johanna
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FOS: Psychology ,nervous system ,Biological Psychology ,Cognitive Psychology ,Psychology ,Experimental Analysis of Behavior ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
This study will investigate the effect of two nights of partial sleep deprivation on emotional attention using magnetoencephalography (MEG).
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- 2022
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22. Disturbed sleep and its attribution to stress and other causes: A population‐based survey
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Petersen, Helena, primary, Kecklund, Göran, additional, and Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional
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- 2022
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23. Sleep mediates the association between stress at work and incident dementia: study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
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Tan, Xiao, primary, Lebedeva, Aleksandra, additional, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, and Wang, Hui-Xin, additional
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- 2022
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24. Reduced working hours and work-life balance
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Barck-Holst, P., Nilsonne, Å., Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Hellgren, C., Barck-Holst, P., Nilsonne, Å., Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Hellgren, C.
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Little is known about how reduced working hours affects the work-life balance of staff in the Swedish social services, or their recovery off-work in terms of specific everyday choices. Staff at a Swedish social work agency participating in a longitudinal trial of work-time reduction in the public services were interviewed about their experiences of work and private life after their work hours were reduced (n = 12). All the interviewees described feeling more positive anticipatory emotions when going to work, several felt that their relationships with colleagues had improved, and most felt their relationships with clients had improved. Several worried less over work, and most perceived the risk for exhaustion syndrome to be lower. Most experienced more positive anticipatory emotions when returning home from work, most of those with children felt that their relationships with their children improved, and those with partners felt their romantic relationships also improved. Several devoted more time to parents and siblings. Most devoted more time to friendship, and all described having more time for recovery activities. Several worried less over their private life. A process that established and maintained a positive work-life balance is suggested by the interviews as a whole, related to increased control over private life, a larger capacity to meet private demands, improved recovery in terms of both quantity and quality, and having access to more sources of formal and informal social support.
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- 2022
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25. Sleep Mediates the Association Between Stress at Work and Incident Dementia : Study From the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
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Tan, Xiao, Lebedeva, Aleksandra, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Wang, Hui-Xin, Tan, Xiao, Lebedeva, Aleksandra, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Wang, Hui-Xin
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Background: Both psychosocial stress at work and sleep disturbance may predispose impaired cognitive function and dementia in later life. However, whether sleep plays a mediating role for the link between stress at work and subsequent dementia has yet to be investigated. Methods: Data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used for the study. A cohort of 7 799 dementia-free individuals (aged 71.1 ± 0.2 years) were followed up for a median of 4.1 years for incident dementia. Job demand and control were estimated using questions derived from the Karasek’s Job Content Questionnaire. Sleep disturbance was ascertained by a question in the EURO-Depression scale. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, education, cognitive test score, and other potential covariates were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of dementia in relation to different job strain levels. Results: An interaction between job demand and sleep disturbance regarding the risk of dementia was detected. Data suggested a protective role of high-level job demand for dementia in individuals with sleep disturbance (HR [95% CI]: 0.69 [0.47, 1.00]) compared with low job demand. A 4-category job strain model based on the combination of job demand and job control levels suggested that among individuals with sleep disturbance, passive job (low demand, low control) was associated with a higher risk of dementia (1.54 [1.01, 2.34]), compared to active job (high demand, high control). Conclusion: The link between work-related stress and risk of dementia is limited to individuals suffering sleep disturbance.
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- 2022
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26. Good night and sleep well! – But what is really a healthy sleep?
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Nilsson, Peter M., Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Nilsson, Peter M.
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- 2022
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27. Insomnia in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder
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Isomura, Kayoko, Sidorchuk, Anna, Sevilla-Cermeño, Laura, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Silverberg-Morse, Maria, Larsson, Henrik, Mataix-Cols, David, Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena, Isomura, Kayoko, Sidorchuk, Anna, Sevilla-Cermeño, Laura, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Silverberg-Morse, Maria, Larsson, Henrik, Mataix-Cols, David, and Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena
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BACKGROUND: Insomnia is common in Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD), but precise prevalence estimates are lacking. OBJECTIVE: In this Swedish register-based cohort study, we estimated the prevalence of insomnia in TS/CTD and quantified the magnitude of this association, accounting for familial confounders and relevant somatic and psychiatric comorbidities. METHODS: Of 10,444,702 individuals living in Sweden during the period from 1997 to 2013, 5877 had a diagnosis of TS/CTD and were compared to unexposed individuals from the general population on the presence of insomnia using logistic regression models. RESULTS: Individuals with TS/CTD had a period prevalence of insomnia of 32.16%, compared to 13.70% of the unexposed population. This translated into a 6.7-fold increased likelihood of insomnia in TS/CTD (odds ratio adjusted [aOR] for sex, birth year, birth country, and somatic disorders = 6.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.37-7.15). A full sibling comparison, designed to adjust for shared familial factors, attenuated the estimates (aOR = 5.41; 95% CI, 4.65-6.30). When individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and pervasive developmental disorders were excluded, the association was also attenuated, whereas exclusion of other psychiatric comorbidities had minimal impact. Having persistent TS/CTD, comorbid ADHD, and taking ADHD medication greatly increased the likelihood of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: Insomnia is significantly associated with TS/CTD, independently from somatic disorders, familial factors or psychiatric comorbidities, although familial factors, neurodevelopmental comorbidities, and ADHD/ADHD medication may explain part of the association. Insomnia should be routinely assessed and managed in TS/CTD, particularly in chronic patients and in those with comorbid ADHD. Other sleep disorders require further study. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkin
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- 2022
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28. Disturbed sleep and its attribution to stress and other causes: A population‐based survey.
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Petersen, Helena, Kecklund, Göran, and Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
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CONFIDENCE intervals ,AGE distribution ,SLEEP disorders ,RISK assessment ,SURVEYS ,CHI-squared test ,DISEASE prevalence ,RESEARCH funding ,ODDS ratio ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
This study explores the prevalence of attributed causes of disturbed sleep and the association between stress‐disturbed sleep and age, sex, and sleep duration on weekdays as well as weekends in a representative sample. A nationally representative sample (n = 1,128, response rate 72.8%), stratified for sex and age, completed a computer‐assisted phone survey that included questions about sleep disturbances and attributed causes. Stress was the main attributed cause of sleep disturbance (35.1%), most frequently attributed by younger women (χ2 = 26.5, p < 0.001). Prevalence of stress‐disturbed sleep was higher with lower age (B = −0.05, odds ratio (OR) = 0.94, CI = 0.91, 0.98). There was a trend, however, toward a significant interaction between age and sex, with women in the older age‐groups more frequently reporting stress‐disturbed sleep than older men (B = −0.02, OR = 1.022, CI = 1.003, 1.042). Weekday sleep duration decreased with increased stress‐disturbed sleep, with an inverse relationship on weekends except for those reporting stress‐disturbed sleep more than 5 days per week (F = 10.5, p < 0.001), who also had the shortest weekend sleep duration. Sleep disturbances were commonly attributed to stress, and more strongly so in women younger than 46 years. Stress‐disturbed sleep during weekdays seems to be potentially compensated for with extended sleep on weekends, except for those with continuous stress‐disturbed sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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29. Sleep Mediates the Association Between Stress at Work and Incident Dementia: Study From the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.
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Tan, Xiao, Lebedeva, Aleksandra, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Wang, Hui-Xin
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SLEEP interruptions ,JOB stress ,RETIREMENT age ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,HEALTH surveys - Abstract
Background Both psychosocial stress at work and sleep disturbance may predispose impaired cognitive function and dementia in later life. However, whether sleep plays a mediating role for the link between stress at work and subsequent dementia has yet to be investigated. Methods Data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used for the study. A cohort of 7 799 dementia-free individuals (aged 71.1 ± 0.2 years) were followed up for a median of 4.1 years for incident dementia. Job demand and control were estimated using questions derived from the Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire. Sleep disturbance was ascertained by a question in the EURO-Depression scale. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, education, cognitive test score, and other potential covariates were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of dementia in relation to different job strain levels. Results An interaction between job demand and sleep disturbance regarding the risk of dementia was detected. Data suggested a protective role of high-level job demand for dementia in individuals with sleep disturbance (HR [95% CI]: 0.69 [0.47, 1.00]) compared with low job demand. A 4-category job strain model based on the combination of job demand and job control levels suggested that among individuals with sleep disturbance, passive job (low demand, low control) was associated with a higher risk of dementia (1.54 [1.01, 2.34]), compared to active job (high demand, high control). Conclusion The link between work-related stress and risk of dementia is limited to individuals suffering sleep disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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30. Different sleep pattern in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Oberg, Emma, Blomberg, Liselotte, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Lindén Hirschberg, Angelica
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OBESITY in women ,POLYCYSTIC ovary syndrome ,SLEEP duration ,BEHAVIOR modification ,SLEEP quality ,HYPERSOMNIA - Abstract
Context: Sleep duration and sleep quality have important health implications although our knowledge of objectively measured sleep variables in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is limited. Objective: To compare sleep variables assessed by actigraphy in over-weight/ obese women with PCOS and controls, and to assess sleep variables after behavioral modification intervention in comparison with minimal intervention in a randomized trial. Design: Randomized controlled trial, and a control group. Setting: Outpatient gynecological clinic at a university hospital in Sweden. Participants: 39 women fulfilling all Rotterdam PCOS criteria, randomized to behavioral modification intervention or minimal intervention and 21 controls with no other metabolic disease, all aged 18-40 years with a BMI ≥ 27 kg/m². Intervention: A four-month behavioral modification intervention including weekly group meetings focusing on behavioral and healthy lifestyle aspects. Minimal intervention reflecting standard care. Main outcome measure: Sleep durations and sleep efficiency assessed by actigraphy. Results: Compared to the control group, women with PCOS had significantly shorter time in bed (501 vs 548 min, p= 0.049), sleep time over 24 hours (448 vs 567 min, p=0.005) and sleep time at night (434 vs 511 min, p=0.002), poorer sleep efficiency (87 vs 93%, p<0.001), and longer wakefulness after sleep onset (64 vs 38 min, p<0.001). However, total sleep time at night for women with PCOS (7.2hrs) was within the normal range. Following behavioral modification intervention, the reduction from baseline in sleep over 24 hours and in the daytime sleep were significant compared to the minimal intervention group (78 min, p=0.009 and 43 min, p=0.003 respectively). Conclusions: We found over-weight/obese women with PCOS to have normal sleep duration, but worse sleep efficiency than controls. Behavioral modification intervention seems to reduce the amount of daytime sleep, suggesting improved sleep behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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31. Sleep problems in rheumatoid arthritis over 12 years from diagnosis: results from the Swedish EIRA study
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Lyne, Lauren, primary, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, Lehtonen, Tiina, additional, Saevarsdottir, Saedis, additional, Klareskog, Lars, additional, and Westerlind, Helga, additional
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- 2022
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32. Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and next day subjective sleepiness in a large group of women
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary, Schwarz, Johanna, additional, Lindberg, Eva, additional, and Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, additional
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- 2022
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33. Sleep duration and mortality, influence of age, retirement, and occupational group
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, primary, Trolle‐Lagerros, Ylva, additional, Widman, Linnea, additional, Ye, Weimin, additional, Adami, Hans‐Olov, additional, and Bellocco, Rino, additional
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- 2021
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34. Insomnia in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder
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Isomura, Kayoko, primary, Sidorchuk, Anna, additional, Sevilla‐Cermeño, Laura, additional, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, additional, Silverberg‐Morse, Maria, additional, Larsson, Henrik, additional, Mataix‐Cols, David, additional, and Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena, additional
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- 2021
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35. Sleep duration and mortality, influence of age, retirement, and occupational group.
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Trolle‐Lagerros, Ylva, Widman, Linnea, Ye, Weimin, Adami, Hans‐Olov, and Bellocco, Rino
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- *
PROPORTIONAL hazards models , *OLDER people - Abstract
Summary: Previous work has shown that both long and short sleep duration is associated with increased mortality, with lowest risk around 7 hr. This has had widespread impact on views on the optimal sleep duration. However, age, being employed/retired, and blue‐/white‐collar status, may influence the time available for sleep and thus, confound the association. We investigated the role of these factors on the association between sleep duration and mortality. We used employed and retired participants (N = 25,430) from the Swedish National March Cohort and Cox proportional hazards regression to model the shape of the association. We found a significant U‐shaped association in a multivariable model with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10, 1.39) for <5‐hr sleep duration, and a HR of 1.30 (95% CI 1.12, 1.51) for ≥9‐hr sleep duration, with the lowest HR for 7 hr, but with a span of low HRs from 5 to 8 hr. Unadjusted values showed a pronounced U‐shape. Adjusting for age accounted for most of the attenuation in the multivariable model. Stratification into five age groups showed a significant U‐shape only in those aged >60.3 years at baseline. The shape of the association did not differ between blue‐/white‐collar workers, nor between employed and retired groups. We conclude that the U‐shaped association between sleep duration and mortality is present only in older individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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36. Reduced working hours and work-life balance
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Barck-Holst, Peter, Nilsonne, Åsa, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Hellgren, Carina
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ABSTRACTLittle is known about how reduced working hours affects the work-life balance of staff in the Swedish social services, or their recovery off-work in terms of specific everyday choices. Staff at a Swedish social work agency participating in a longitudinal trial of work-time reduction in the public services were interviewed about their experiences of work and private life after their work hours were reduced (n = 12). All the interviewees described feeling more positive anticipatory emotions when going to work, several felt that their relationships with colleagues had improved, and most felt their relationships with clients had improved. Several worried less over work, and most perceived the risk for exhaustion syndrome to be lower. Most experienced more positive anticipatory emotions when returning home from work, most of those with children felt that their relationships with their children improved, and those with partners felt their romantic relationships also improved. Several devoted more time to parents and siblings. Most devoted more time to friendship, and all described having more time for recovery activities. Several worried less over their private life. A process that established and maintained a positive work-life balance is suggested by the interviews as a whole, related to increased control over private life, a larger capacity to meet private demands, improved recovery in terms of both quantity and quality, and having access to more sources of formal and informal social support.
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- 2022
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37. The Polysomnographical Meaning of Changed Sleep Quality-A Study of Treatment with Reduced Time in Bed.
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d'Onofrio P, Jernelöv S, Rosén A, Blom K, Kaldo V, Schwarz J, and Åkerstedt T
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Background: Reports of poor sleep are widespread, but their link with objective sleep (polysomnography-PSG) is weak in cross-sectional studies. In contrast, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between changes in subjective and objective sleep variables using data from a study of the reduction in time in bed (TIB)., Methods: One sleep recording was carried out at baseline and one at treatment week 5 (end of treatment) (N = 34)., Results: The Karolinska Sleep Quality Index improved and was correlated with improvement in sleep efficiency (r = 0.41, p < 0.05) and reduction in TIB (r = -0.47, p < 0.01) and sleep latency (r = 0.36, p < 0.05). The restorative sleep index showed similar results. Improvements in the insomnia severity index (ISI) essentially lacked correlations with changes in the PSG variables. It was suggested that the latter may be due to the ISI representing a week of subjective sleep experience, of which a single PSG night may not be representative., Conclusions: It was concluded that changes in the subjective ratings of sleep are relatively well associated with changes in the PSG-based sleep continuity variables when both describe the same sleep.
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- 2023
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38. Insomnia in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder.
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Isomura K, Sidorchuk A, Sevilla-Cermeño L, Åkerstedt T, Silverberg-Morse M, Larsson H, Mataix-Cols D, and Fernández de la Cruz L
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- Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Humans, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity complications, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity epidemiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders epidemiology, Tic Disorders complications, Tic Disorders epidemiology, Tic Disorders psychology, Tourette Syndrome complications, Tourette Syndrome drug therapy, Tourette Syndrome epidemiology
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Background: Insomnia is common in Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD), but precise prevalence estimates are lacking., Objective: In this Swedish register-based cohort study, we estimated the prevalence of insomnia in TS/CTD and quantified the magnitude of this association, accounting for familial confounders and relevant somatic and psychiatric comorbidities., Methods: Of 10,444,702 individuals living in Sweden during the period from 1997 to 2013, 5877 had a diagnosis of TS/CTD and were compared to unexposed individuals from the general population on the presence of insomnia using logistic regression models., Results: Individuals with TS/CTD had a period prevalence of insomnia of 32.16%, compared to 13.70% of the unexposed population. This translated into a 6.7-fold increased likelihood of insomnia in TS/CTD (odds ratio adjusted [aOR] for sex, birth year, birth country, and somatic disorders = 6.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.37-7.15). A full sibling comparison, designed to adjust for shared familial factors, attenuated the estimates (aOR = 5.41; 95% CI, 4.65-6.30). When individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and pervasive developmental disorders were excluded, the association was also attenuated, whereas exclusion of other psychiatric comorbidities had minimal impact. Having persistent TS/CTD, comorbid ADHD, and taking ADHD medication greatly increased the likelihood of insomnia., Conclusions: Insomnia is significantly associated with TS/CTD, independently from somatic disorders, familial factors or psychiatric comorbidities, although familial factors, neurodevelopmental comorbidities, and ADHD/ADHD medication may explain part of the association. Insomnia should be routinely assessed and managed in TS/CTD, particularly in chronic patients and in those with comorbid ADHD. Other sleep disorders require further study. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society., (© 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.)
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- 2022
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39. Good night and sleep well! - But what is really a healthy sleep?
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Åkerstedt T and Nilsson PM
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- Humans, Polysomnography, Sleep, Sleep Quality
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- 2022
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