112 results on '"Tepper F"'
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52. Overcoming the timescale barrier in molecular dynamics: Transfer operators, variational principles and machine learning.
- Author
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Schütte, Christof, Klus, Stefan, and Hartmann, Carsten
- Abstract
One of the main challenges in molecular dynamics is overcoming the 'timescale barrier': in many realistic molecular systems, biologically important rare transitions occur on timescales that are not accessible to direct numerical simulation, even on the largest or specifically dedicated supercomputers. This article discusses how to circumvent the timescale barrier by a collection of transfer operator-based techniques that have emerged from dynamical systems theory, numerical mathematics and machine learning over the last two decades. We will focus on how transfer operators can be used to approximate the dynamical behaviour on long timescales, review the introduction of this approach into molecular dynamics, and outline the respective theory, as well as the algorithmic development, from the early numerics-based methods, via variational reformulations, to modern data-based techniques utilizing and improving concepts from machine learning. Furthermore, its relation to rare event simulation techniques will be explained, revealing a broad equivalence of variational principles for long-time quantities in molecular dynamics. The article will mainly take a mathematical perspective and will leave the application to real-world molecular systems to the more than 1000 research articles already written on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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53. Evolutionary Multiobjective Design Approach for Robust Balancing of the Shaking Force, Shaking Moment, and Torque under Uncertainties: Application to Robotic Manipulators.
- Author
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Mejia-Rodriguez, Ricardo, Villarreal-Cervantes, Miguel Gabriel, Rodríguez-Molina, Alejandro, Pérez-Cruz, José Humberto, and Silva-García, Víctor Manuel
- Subjects
TORQUE ,CONSTRAINED optimization ,GENETIC algorithms ,PARALLEL kinematic machines ,DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) ,ROBOTICS - Abstract
In this paper, the environmental uncertainties are taken into account when designing a robotic manipulator to balance the shaking force, shaking moment, and torque. The proposed robust balancing design approach does not consider the probability distributions of the uncertainties and is addressed without dependence on specific trajectories. This is expressed as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem in which the nominal performance in the time-independent terms of the shaking force balancing, the shaking moment balancing, and the torque delivery, as well as their three sensitivities to uncertainties, are simultaneously optimized to provide a set of link shapes that match link mass distributions in a single stage. The proposal is applied to a three-degree-of-freedom serial-parallel manipulator, and the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is used to solve the associated problem. Comparative results with other design approaches reveal that the selected design achieves a suitable tradeoff in balancing the shaking force balancing, the shaking moment balancing, and the torque delivery and their sensitivities, leading to a reduction in their values and variations under mass changes in the manipulator end-effector with different operating conditions (tasks). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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54. Enhancement of cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Digenea simplex chloroform extract using the nanosuspension technique.
- Author
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El-Rafie, Hanaa M., Hasan, Enas A., and Zahran, Magdy K.
- Abstract
Digenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phytochemicals with unique bioactivities. At the same time, the synthesis of nanosuspension (NS) has received increasing interest to optimize the technological aspects of drugs. Thence, the main objective of this work was to use the chloroform extract (ChlE) of D. simplex to prepare its nanosuspension (ChlE-NS) formulation to increase its aqueous solubility, thereby improving its bioactivity. By using FTIR, GC/MS analysis, and phytochemical screening assays, the chemical profiling of ChlE was assessed. NS was prepared by the antisolvent precipitation technique using 1.5% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A light microscope, FTIR, particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements was used to characterize the prepared NS. Four cancer cell lines were used in the MTT experiment to investigate the anticancer potential of ChlE and ChlE-NS. An apoptotic mechanism was established using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining, DNA fragmentation, and increased caspase activity. ChlE and ChlE-NS were also evaluated as antioxidants using DPPH and ABTS free radical assays. The results showed that, when compared to ChlE, ChlE-NS had greater cytotoxic activity against the four cancer cell lines. However, results of antioxidant activity showed that ChlE-NS had an IC
50 of 36.86 ± 0.09 and 63.5 ± 0.47%, while ChlE had values of 39.90 ± 0.08 and 86.5 ± 0.8% in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Based on the results of this research, D. simplex ChlE-NS may be an effective strategy for enhancing ChlE's cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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55. Influence of Short-Pulse Microwave Radiation on Thermochemical Properties Aluminum Micropowder.
- Author
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Mostovshchikov, Andrei, Gubarev, Fedor, Nazarenko, Olga, and Pestryakov, Alexey
- Subjects
ALUMINUM powder ,MICROWAVES ,RADIATION ,ANNEALING of metals ,METAL powders ,ALUMINUM ,POWER density ,MICROWAVE sintering - Abstract
The thermochemical properties of Al micropowder after exposure to microwave irradiation were investigated. The Al micropowder was exposed to microwave irradiation in air with a frequency of 2.85 GHz, a power density of 8 W/cm
2 , and a pulse duration of 25 ns and 3 µs. The thermochemical parameters of the irradiated metal powders were determined by the method of thermal analysis at the heating in air. It was found that an increase in the duration of microwave pulses and irradiation time leads to the thermal annealing of the metal particles, and the thermal processes of melting and sintering begin to dominate over non-thermal processes. The specific thermal effect of irradiated Al micropowder oxidation increases from 7744 J/g to 10,154 J/g in comparison with the unirradiated powder. The modeling of thermal heating processes of aluminum (Al) micropowder under the action of pulsed microwave radiation has been performed. It is shown that with an increase in the duration of microwave pulses and irradiation time, a significant heating of the Al micropowder occurs, leading to its melting and sintering. The results of modeling on the action of microwave radiation on the Al micropowder were compared with experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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56. The return of cultural objects displaced during colonialism. What role for restorative justice, transitional justice and alternative dispute resolution?
- Author
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Chechi, Alessandro
- Subjects
DISPUTE resolution ,TRANSITIONAL justice ,RESTORATIVE justice ,FORGIVENESS ,IMPERIALISM ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
The return of cultural objects displaced during colonialism. What role for restorative justice, transitional justice and alternative dispute resolution means?: This article focuses on the question of the return of the cultural objects displaced during the colonial era (hereinafter 'colonial objects') and of the dispute resolution means that may be used to achieve it. It starts by portraying the special significance of colonial objects for nations and communities. Next, it looks at restitution, as a facet of both restorative justice and transitional justice and as the most satisfactory form of reparation. It then examines the obstacles that claimants face when trying to recover colonial objects. Finally, the article argues that restitution claims should be resolved through procedures alternative to litigation, the so-called alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms, because these mechanisms make it possible to achieve the objectives typically pursued through restorative justice and transitional justice processes, namely dialogue, truth, reparation and reconciliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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57. Gel Fuels: Preparing, Rheology, Atomization, Combustion.
- Author
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Glushkov, Dmitrii, Paushkina, Kristina, and Pleshko, Andrei
- Subjects
COMBUSTION ,ATOMIZATION ,RHEOLOGY ,LIQUID fuels - Abstract
The review presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies obtained in recent years within the framework of the main areas of research of gel fuels: choice of component composition and substantiation of fuel preparation technologies and their rheological characteristics; fuel transportation and atomization processes; and the processes of their ignition and combustion. The main advantages of gel fuels in comparison with widely used liquid and solid fuels are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of known experimental approaches to the study of the combustion processes of gel fuels are analyzed. The well-known physical and mathematical models of gel fuels ignition are given, including those under conditions of melt droplets dispersion. The tendencies of further development of gel fuels within the framework of the combustion theory are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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58. Un control social selectivo, una desvinculación moral selectiva: Repensar la justicia restaurativa con personas condenadas por delitos contra los ecosistemas y los animales.
- Author
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Varona Martínez, Gema
- Subjects
RESTORATIVE justice ,SOCIAL control - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Espanola de Investigacion Criminologica is the property of Revista Espanola de Investigacion Criminologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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59. Composition Effects on the Morphology of PVA/Chitosan Electrospun Nanofibers.
- Author
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Mata, Gustavo Cardoso da, Morais, Maria Sirlene, Oliveira, Wanderley Pereira de, and Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
- Subjects
POLYVINYL alcohol ,NANOFIBERS ,CHITOSAN ,RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics) ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PERSONAL protective equipment - Abstract
Since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the interest in applying nanofibers t air filtration and personal protective equipment has grown significantly. Due to their morphological and structural properties, nanofibers have potential applications for air filtration in masks and air filters. However, most nanofiber membrane materials used for these purposes are generally non-degradable materials, which can contribute to the disposal of plastic waste into the environment. Hence, this work aims to produce polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) biodegradable nanofibers with controlled morphology and structure via electrospinning. An experimental design was used to investigate the effects of the PVA|CS ratio and concentration on the properties of the electrospinning compositions and electrospun nanofiber mat. The electrospinning parameters were constant for all experiments: Voltage of 20 kV, a feed rate of 0.5 mL·h
−1 , and a distance of 10 cm between the needle and a drum collector. CS proved to be an efficient adjuvant to the PVA's electrospinning, obtaining a wide range of nanofiber diameters. Furthermore, 6.0% PVA and 1% CS were the best compositions after optimization with the response surface methodology, with a mean fiber diameter of 204 nm. The addition of biocide agents using the optimized condition was also investigated, using surfactants, citric acid, and pure and encapsulated essential oils of Lippia sidoides. Pure oil improved the material without enlarging the nanofiber sizes compared to the other additives. The nanofiber membranes produced have the potential to be used in air filtration or wound-dressing applications where biocidal activity is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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60. Microscopic origin of diffusive dynamics in the context of transition path time distributions for protein folding and unfolding.
- Author
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Dutta, Rajesh and Pollak, Eli
- Abstract
Experimentally measured transition path time distributions are usually analyzed theoretically in terms of a diffusion equation over a free energy barrier. It is though well understood that the free energy profile separating the folded and unfolded states of a protein is characterized as a transition through many stable micro-states which exist between the folded and unfolded states. Why is it then justified to model the transition path dynamics in terms of a diffusion equation, namely the Smoluchowski equation (SE)? In principle, van Kampen has shown that a nearest neighbor Markov chain of thermal jumps between neighboring microstates will lead in a continuum limit to the SE, such that the friction coefficient is proportional to the mean residence time in each micro-state. However, the practical question of how many microstates are needed to justify modeling the transition path dynamics in terms of an SE has not been addressed. This is a central topic of this paper where we compare numerical results for transition paths based on the diffusion equation on the one hand and the nearest neighbor Markov jump model on the other. Comparison of the transition path time distributions shows that one needs at least a few dozen microstates to obtain reasonable agreement between the two approaches. Using the Markov nearest neighbor model one also obtains good agreement with the experimentally measured transition path time distributions for a DNA hairpin and PrP protein. As found previously when using the diffusion equation, the Markov chain model used here also reproduces the experimentally measured long time tail and confirms that the transition path barrier height is ∼3k
B T. This study indicates that in the future, when attempting to model experimentally measured transition path time distributions, one should perhaps prefer a nearest neighbor Markov model which is well defined also for rough energy landscapes. Such studies can also shed light on the minimal number of microstates needed to unravel the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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61. Markovian embedding of generalized Langevin equations with a nonlinear friction kernel and configuration-dependent mass.
- Author
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AYAZ, Cihan, TEPPER, Lucas, and NETZ, Roland R.
- Subjects
NONLINEAR equations ,FRICTION ,NONLINEAR functions ,COORDINATES - Abstract
We consider a generalized Langevin equation (GLE) in which the deterministic force, the mass and the friction kernel are configuration-dependent, i.e. general nonlinear functions of the reaction coordinate. We introduce a projection operator that allows for a self-consistent Markovian embedding of such GLEs. Selfconsistency means that trajectories generated by the Markovian embedding are described by a GLE with the same configuration-dependent deterministic force, mass and friction kernel. Using the projection operator, we derive a closed-form relation between the parameters of the Markovian embedding Langevin equations and the parameters of the GLE. This is accomplished by applying the projection operator formalism to the system of Markovian embedding stochastic equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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62. Environmental Nanotechnological Applications for Sustainable Agriculture.
- Author
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Kathpalia, Renu, Checker, Vibha Gulyani, Jha, Bhavana Sharma, and Saxena, Tanushri
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE agriculture ,GREEN technology ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,SOCIAL sustainability ,SOLID waste management ,NANOPARTICLE toxicity - Abstract
Agriculture and society are intertwined. Agriculture is necessary for human survival and social sustainability in India. Eco-friendly agriculture practices nurture ecosystems to solve current societal issues. Indian ecosystems are marred by pollution, imbalance, climate changes, food crisis, various diseases, and malnourishment continue as a major concern. The traditional environmental remedial strategies appear relatively ineffective in the ever-expanding use of pollutants that pervade the water, air, and soil environment. Nanotechnology provides an efficient, environmental friendly, and costeffective solutions to the global sustainability challenges that society is facing. Nanotechnology utilizes nanomaterials that have remarkable physical and chemical features to make smart functional materials for developing sustainable technologies. Nanotechnology seems to be very promising in sustainable environment development, sustainable agriculture, renewable and economically energy alternative through use of nanomaterials for detection, prevention, and removing pollutants. The development of nanotechnology in India has huge potential to address the challenges like providing drinking water, healthcare, nano-based industry, and sustainable agriculture. This review highlights the recent nanotechnology applications to meet the global challenges in providing clean energy technology, water purification, and greenhouse gases management. In addition, effort has been made to analyse the opportunities and limitations in engineered nanomaterials safety, solid waste management, reducing pollution of air water and soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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63. Copper oxide nanoparticles impregnated antibacterial surgical gloves for potential application in prevention of nosocomial transmission infections during nursing.
- Author
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Zheng, Xiangyun, Wang, Li, and Xue, Hong
- Published
- 2022
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64. Theoretical determination of vapour–liquid equilibrium pressure and vaporisation enthalpy of rubidium in the temperature range of 700 K–2017 K based on a modified Redlich–Kwong equation of state.
- Author
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Rajagopal, Kamala and Ramasamy, Balasubramanian
- Subjects
RUBIDIUM ,VAPORIZATION ,ENTHALPY ,EQUATIONS of state ,EQUILIBRIUM ,VAPORS - Abstract
Based on a four-parameter modified Redlich–Kwong equation of state (m-RK EoS), the vapour–liquid equilibrium pressure of rubidium over a temperature range of 700 K–2017 K is determined using Maxwell's equal area construction. The obtained values of vapour pressure of rubidium agree with the literature values. In this work, the vapour pressure precision is taken as 10
−5 Pa which is, in fact tuneable, depending upon the accuracy requirement. Correlations for the temperature-dependence of vapour pressure of rubidium are obtained through least square analysis based on the obtained vapour pressure data. Also, the curvature of the obtained reduced vapour pressure curve for rubidium is found to have a maximum at 1208.80 K. Moreover, the vaporisation enthalpy of rubidium is determined from the proposed vapour pressure correlation and has reasonable accuracy in the temperature of 700 K–1400 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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65. Nanopowders of Different Chemical Composition Added to Industrial Lubricants and Their Impact on Wear Resistance of Steel Friction Pairs.
- Author
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Kosarchuk, Valerii, Chausov, Mykola, Pylypenko, Andrii, Tverdomed, Volodymyr, Maruschak, Pavlo, and Menou, Abdellah
- Subjects
WEAR resistance ,ALLOY powders ,COPPER powder ,SLIDING friction ,FRICTION ,CARBON steel ,MAGNESIUM alloys ,STRUCTURAL steel - Abstract
The authors have previously proposed and tested a method for increasing the wear resistance of heavy-loaded friction pairs by saturating industrial lubricants with the metallic nanopowder of the friction pair's component that has a lower hardness. To confirm the effectiveness of this concept, this paper presents the results of experimental investigations into the tribological characteristics of two medium carbon steels (rail steel K74 and structural steel 20) during sliding friction. Friction surfaces lubricated with compositions based on the Bio Rail industrial lubricant were saturated with nanopowder additives of copper, carbon, and magnesium alloy, as well as K74 and 20 steels. The research findings indicate that lubricants saturated with nanomaterials of K74 and 20 steels help achieve the highest wear resistance, as compared to lubricants based on pure grease and lubricating compositions based on copper, magnesium alloy and carbon powders. The test results confirmed that the mean friction coefficient of the rail steel remained at the level of 0.25 for three hours of operation, which is optimal for the "wheel–rail" friction pair. The proposed method of manufacturing lubricating compositions can be used to improve the efficiency of lubrication of railway rails and rolling stock wheels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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66. Evaluating Regional Flood Disaster Resilience Based on the DROP Model and TOPSIS Method: A Case Study of the Katsushika Ward, Tokyo.
- Author
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Lianxiao, Morimoto, Takehiro, Siqin, Tong, An, Chang, Yuhai, Bao, and Fei, Guo
- Subjects
DISASTER resilience ,FLOOD warning systems ,TOPSIS method ,FLOOD control ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,ECOLOGICAL resilience ,FLOODS - Abstract
Tokyo is on one hand becoming increasingly vulnerable to flood disasters due to flooding of greater severity and frequency. Tokyo's vulnerability to flood disasters has increased because of the changes in population structure, outdated infrastructures, an insufficient energy supply, the deterioration of flood control facilities, high-value economic assets, and the weakening of flood control awareness. Therefore, the study of key factors related to flood disaster resilience is important to enhance the flood resilience of the city. This study aims to conduct a systematic analysis of flood resilience regarding ecology, economics, societal effect, infrastructure, and community capacity based on the disaster resilience of place (DROP) model. An indicator system was developed incorporating 20 indicators. The resilience of Katsushika Ward to flood disasters was quantified using collected data, the coefficient of variation, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, the DROP regional disaster resilience model, and a geographic information system. The results showed that there are deviations in the resilience values of six dimensions, among which the system resilience and social resilience values are relatively weak. However, the highest resilience value lies in eco-environmental resilience and infrastructure, which is of great significance in disaster resilience assessment in terms of the disaster resilience dimension. In order to improve the resilience of the ecological environment, the Katsushika City's local government needs to not only facilitate the local greening rate and air quality improvement but also properly handle sewage and garbage. It also has responsibility to strengthen the flood prevention capacity of medical facilities, refuge facilities, welfare facilities, and residential buildings so as to enhance infrastructure elasticity. From the distribution point of view, the regions with the strongest and weakest resilience to flood disasters are found in the northwest and southeast regions, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that there is spatial variability in flood disaster resilience in the northwest, southwest, and east regions. This research could definitively help determine the spatial distribution of flood resistance in a certain area, thereby helping local governments improve their ability to respond to disasters and formulate appropriate plans to improve their resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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67. Farmer households' livelihood resilience in ecological-function areas: case of the Yellow River water source area of China.
- Author
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Zhao, Xueyan, Chen, Huanhuan, Zhao, Haili, and Xue, Bing
- Subjects
LEARNING ability ,ECOLOGICAL zones ,PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation ,HOUSEHOLDS ,SUSTAINABILITY ,FAMILY size - Abstract
Key ecological function areas are not only recognized as the critical subject for national and global ecosystem protection, but also the crucial hinterland for maintaining the livelihood of local residents. Studies on livelihood resilience contribute to better understand the adaptation strategies and development needs of poor and highly vulnerable groups in key ecological function zones, which is crucial to promoting the long run sustainability. Based on the survey data of 575 households, this paper constructs the livelihood resilience evaluation index system from three dimensions of buffer capacity, self-organization ability and learning ability. The method of weighted sum is used to evaluate the livelihood resilience of farmers, and the influencing factors are analyzed by multiple regression model. The results show that the overall level of livelihood resilience of farmers is weak, and the self-organization ability of farmers is significantly higher than their buffering ability and learning ability. We found that ecological policy, age of head of household, diversity of livelihoods, family size, and environmental dependence are the key factors that affect the resilience of farmers' livelihoods. We argued that, new methods such as establishing a technical training system for farmers, promoting livelihood diversity, improving and implementing active ecological policies, and building long-term and effective risk warning, emergency response, and poverty alleviation mechanisms should be considered and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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68. Mono-dispersed Ag nanoparticles decorated graphitic carbon nitride: An excellent lubricating additive as PPESK composite film.
- Author
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Chen, Beibei, Zhang, Mengjie, Zhang, Kan, Dong, Zhe, Li, Jiaye, and Zhao, Gai
- Subjects
MECHANICAL wear ,TRIBOLOGY ,SILVER nanoparticles ,NANOPARTICLES ,SHEAR (Mechanics) ,NITRIDES - Abstract
Studies show that two dimensional (2D) nanomaterial and its hybrid have a great promise in tribology for the special laminar microstructure. However, the majority of performed investigations about 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C
3 N4 ) nanosheets are most focused on energy storage, catalysis, adsorption, rarely tribology. In the present study, g-C3 N4 supporting mono-dispersed Ag nanoparticle hybrid (g-C3 N4 /Ag) is prepared, and its microstructure and chemical composition are determined. More specifically, the tribological performance as the lubricating additive of poly phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone (PPESK) composite is investigated using the ball-on-disc friction tester. Moreover, the corresponding enhancement mechanism is well proposed based on the experimental analysis and theoretical simulation. Obtained results show that Ag nanoparticles with a size of about 10–20 nm are homogeneously anchored on g-C3 N4 nanosheets, favoring for good compatibility between g-C3 N4 /Ag and PPESK. It is found that when 0.3 wt% of g-C3 N4 /Ag is added to PPESK, the friction coefficient and wear rate of PPESK decrease by 68.9% and 97.1%, respectively. These reductions are mainly attributed to the synergistic self-lubricating effect of Ag nanoparticles and g-C3 N4 nanosheet, the formation of transfer film, as well as the limited effect of g-C3 N4 /Ag on the shear deformation of PPESK composite film. Furthermore, it is found that the proposed g-C3 N4 /Ag-PPESK composite still keeps reasonable friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties under heavy loads and high rotating speeds. The present study demonstrates that the proposed g-C3 N4 /Ag hybrid is an excellent lubricating additive for polymer composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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69. Increasing Wear Resistance of Heavy-Loaded Friction Pairs by Nanoparticles in Conventional Lubricants: A Proof of Concept.
- Author
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Kosarchuk, Valeriy, Chausov, Mykola, Pylypenko, Andrii, Tverdomed, Volodymyr, Maruschak, Pavlo, and Vasylkiv, Vasyl
- Subjects
WEAR resistance ,FRICTION ,MECHANICAL wear ,PROOF of concept ,ELECTROLYTIC corrosion ,ROLLING contact ,LUBRICATION & lubricants - Abstract
This paper provides experimental data on the effective use of a new lubricating composition, which includes industrial oil of any brand with the addition of a nanometal of the component of a friction pair, which has a lower hardness. It is shown that this composition significantly reduces the wear resistance of the rails and wheels of rolling stock during operation, prevents electrochemical corrosion of the friction pair wheel–rail and, most importantly, stabilizes the coefficient of friction at the optimum level after a relatively short operating time. The experiments were performed on the friction pair, "sample of the bandage material of the railway wheel—a sample of the rail material", with a ratio of hardness of the bandage material (Rockwell hardness, HRC scale—35.3) to the hardness of the rail material of 1.1. Test results show that in the case of industrial lubricant, the BioRail brand, with the addition of a nanomaterial friction pair with lower wear hardness of the rail metal sample, after three hours in operation the wear was practically not observed. Moreover, the average value of the friction coefficient for three hours of operation was maintained at the level 0.25, which is optimal for the friction pair wheel–rail. Similar experiments using only the same lubricant brand showed much worse results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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70. Solid Energetic Material Based on Aluminum Micropowder Modified by Microwave Radiation.
- Author
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Mostovshchikov, Andrei, Gubarev, Fedor, Chumerin, Pavel, Arkhipov, Vladimir, Kuznetsov, Valery, and Dubkova, Yana
- Subjects
ALUMINUM powder ,HEAT of combustion ,MICROWAVES ,RADIATION ,ALUMINUM ,IMAGING systems - Abstract
The paper discusses the application of pulsed microwave radiation for the modification of crystalline components of a high-energy material (HEsM). The model aluminized mixture with increased heat of combustion was studied. The mixture contained 15 wt.% aluminum micron powder, which was modified by microwave irradiation. It was found that the HEM thermogram has an exo-effect with the maximum at 364.3 °C. The use of a modified powder in the HEM composition increased the energy release during combustion by 11% from 5.6 kJ/g to 6.2 kJ/g. The reason for this effect is the increase in the reactivity of aluminum powder after microwave irradiation. In this research, we confirmed that the powders do not lose the stored energy, even as part of the HEM produced on their basis. A laser projection imaging system with brightness amplification was used to estimate the speed of combustion front propagation over the material surface. Measurement of the burning rate revealed a slight difference in the burning rates of HEMs based on irradiated and non-irradiated aluminum micropowders. This property can be demanded in practice, allowing a greater release of energy while maintaining the volume of energetic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Alessandra Lanciotti and Maria Mercedes Pisani (eds.), Restorative justice, mediation and protection of EU financial interests. Proceedings of the DRAMP Conference.
- Author
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Gaddi, Daniela
- Subjects
APPLICABLE laws ,CRIMINAL justice system ,CRIMINAL procedure ,RESTORATIVE justice ,CRIMINAL law - Abstract
This article discusses the proceedings of the DRAMP Conference, which focused on the application of alternative dispute resolution and diversion procedures to crimes that affect the financial interests of the European Union (PIF crimes). The conference also explored the compatibility of these procedures with the principles of restorative justice. The book provides valuable insights into the legal framework and restorative culture in Europe, as well as the implementation of restorative justice in the context of white-collar crimes. It highlights the use of simplified prosecution procedures, such as plea bargaining, but notes that these procedures often prioritize simplifying the criminal process over promoting restorative solutions. The article also addresses concerns about the potential risks to procedural guarantees and the rule of law posed by both simplified prosecution procedures and restorative justice. It emphasizes the need for a renewal of judicial culture and further research on the participation of diffuse and collective victims in criminal trials and restorative justice procedures. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
72. Adán Nieto Martín and Raúl Calvo Soler (eds.), Justicia restaurativa empresarial: un modelo para armar [Corporate restorative justice: a model to be built].
- Author
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Martínez, Gema Varona
- Subjects
LEGAL professions ,CRIMINAL justice system ,RESOURCE exploitation ,SPECIAL masters (Law) ,CRIMINAL jurisdiction ,ENVIRONMENTAL justice ,ENVIRONMENTAL crimes - Abstract
The book "Justicia restaurativa empresarial: un modelo para armar" explores the concept of corporate restorative justice and provides practical insights for implementing restorative justice practices in cases of corporate criminality. The book is edited by Adán Nieto Martín and Raúl Calvo Soler, along with contributions from other academics and a compliance officer. It is part of a research project supported by Spain's Ministry of Economy. The book is organized into five sections or "lessons" that cover various aspects of corporate restorative justice, including its application in different criminal jurisdictions and its potential benefits and risks. The authors emphasize the need for proper education and training for legal professionals in environmental restorative justice and restorative justice approaches to white-collar crimes. The book also examines case studies from different countries and discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing restorative justice in corporate contexts. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive overview of corporate restorative justice and offers practical guidance for legal professionals, authorities, and corporations interested in incorporating restorative justice mechanisms. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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73. Enzymatic Oxy- and Amino-Functionalization in Biocatalytic Cascade Synthesis: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.
- Author
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Grandi E, Feyza Özgen F, Schmidt S, and Poelarends GJ
- Subjects
- Biocatalysis, Enzymes, Immobilized
- Abstract
Biocatalytic cascades are a powerful tool for building complex molecules containing oxygen and nitrogen functionalities. Moreover, the combination of multiple enzymes in one pot offers the possibility to minimize downstream processing and waste production. In this review, we illustrate various recent efforts in the development of multi-step syntheses involving C-O and C-N bond-forming enzymes to produce high value-added compounds, such as pharmaceuticals and polymer precursors. Both in vitro and in vivo examples are discussed, revealing the respective advantages and drawbacks. The use of engineered enzymes to boost the cascades outcome is also addressed and current co-substrate and cofactor recycling strategies are presented, highlighting the importance of atom economy. Finally, tools to overcome current challenges for multi-enzymatic oxy- and amino-functionalization reactions are discussed, including flow systems with immobilized biocatalysts and cascades in confined nanomaterials., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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74. Ecocriminological analysis of brine in aquatic ecosystems: impacts on Posidonia oceanica and the search for restorative justice solutions
- Author
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Morelle-Hungría, Esteban and Serra-Palao, Pablo
- Subjects
desalination ,restorative justice ,Green criminology ,Posidonia oceanica ,ecological harm - Abstract
The consumption of fresh water has generated an additional problem in certain territories, along with the consequences derived from global warming. This has meant that, in the most vulnerable areas, such as the Balearic archipelago in the Mediterranean, alternative supply systems have been established: desalination plants. However, the ecological impact of these infrastructures is of great intensity, mainly affecting aquatic ecosystems. In the light of the above, this paper addresses the ecological harm caused by desalination and brine discharges on a protected and priority species, Posidonia oceanica. For this, and taking as ethical-legal foundation the theory of ecological justice, a multilevel analysis will be carried out from ecocriminology on the impacts of this authorized practice on Posidonia and other species. Finally, a view from restorative justice will allow us to understand and envision possible solutions to this ecological harm., {"references":["Arenas-Camps, M. 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Techno-economic assessment and feasibility study of a zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination hybrid system in the Eastern Mediterranean. Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification, 178, 109029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2022.109029","Pauly, D. (2019). Vanishing fish: shifting baselines and the future of global fisheries. Greystone Books.","Periódico de Ibiza (September 2, 2023). Talamanca: a GEN-GOB study reveals that 40% of the posidonia in the bay is dead. Periódico de Ibiza. https://www.periodicodeibiza.es/pitiusas/ibiza/2023/02/09/1879331/talamanca-estudio-del-gen-gob-revela-posidonia-bahia-esta-muerta.html","Phillips, R. C., Grant, W. S., & McRoy, C. P. (1983). Reproductive strategies of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.). Aquatic Botany, 16(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(83)90047-5.","Roig, C. (July 19, 2015). Desalination plant spill destroys part of Talamanca posidonia meadow. Diario de Ibiza. https://www.diariodeibiza.es/ibiza/2015/07/19/vertido-desaladora-destruye-parte-pradera-30407245.html","Ruggiero, V., South, N. (2010). Critical criminology and crimes against the environment. Critical Criminology, 18(4), 245-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-010-9121-9","Ruggiero, V., South, N. (2013). Green criminology and crimes of the economy: theory, research and praxis. Critical Criminology, 21(3), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-013-9191-6","Sánchez-Lizaso, J. L., Romero, J., Ruiz, J., Gacia, E., Buceta, J. L., Invers, O., Fernández Torquemada, Y., Mas, J., Ruiz-Mateo, A., & Manzanera, M. (2008). Salinity tolerance of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica: recommendations to minimize the impact of brine discharges from desalination plants. Desalination, 221(1-3), 602-607, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.119.","Serra-Palao, P. (2020). Ecosystem vulnerability: reflections for greater conceptual precision. In E. Pérez de los Cobos Hernández (Coord.), B. Soro Mateo, J. Jordano Fraga, & J. F. Alenza García (Dirs.), Vulnerabilidad ambiental y vulnerabilidad climática en tiempos de emergencia (pp. 223-248). Tirant lo Blanch.","Schmitz, O. J., Sylvén, M., Atwood, T. B. et al. (2023). Trophic rewilding can expand natural climate solutions. Nature Climate Change. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01631-6","Sobrado, X., Marí, M., & Sáez, J. (2018). Environmental status of sewage treatment plants and submarine outfalls. Pitiusas 2013-2016. GEN-GOB. http://lamar.gengob.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Informe-Depuracio-GEN-GOB-2013-2016-.pdf","Sobrado, F., Álvarez. E., Albalat, B., Ruiz, F., Cascarano. M., Pitarch, D., & Aguilar, M. (2022). Seguiment tècnic de les praderies de Posidonia oceanica en la badia de Talamanca - Eivissa. GEN-GOB. https://gengob.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Informe-Talamanca_GENGOB_Final_240122.docx-4.pdf","Sola, I., Fernández-Torquemada, Y., Forcada, A., Valle, C., del Pilar-Ruso, Y., González-Correa, J. M., & Sánchez-Lizaso, J. L. (2020). Sustainable desalination: Long-term monitoring of brine discharge in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 161, 111813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111813","South, N. (2014). Green criminology, environmental crime prevention and the gaps between law, legitimacy and justice. Revija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijo, 65(4), 373-381.","Templado, J. (2014). Future Trends of Mediterranean Biodiversity. In S. Goffredo, & Z. Dubinsky (Eds.), The Mediterranean Sea. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6704-1_28","Vaquer-Sunyer, R., Barrientos, N., Consellería de Medi Ambient GOIB, & Marbà, N. (2021). Distribution area of Posidonia oceanica. In R. Vaquer-Sunyer, & N. Barrientos (Eds.), Informe Mar Balear 2021. https://informemarbalear.org/es/habitats-protegidos/imb-posidonia-oceanica-esp.pdf","Varona, G. (2020). Victimhood and environmental violence against animals: challenges of green victimology. Editorial Comares.","Varona, G. (2021). Why an atmosphere of transhumanism undermines green restorative justice concepts and tenets. The International Journal of Restorative Justice, 4(1), 41-59. https://doi.org/10.5553/TIJRJ.000066","Xevgenos, D., Marcou, M., Louca, V., Avramidi, E., Ioannou, G., Argyrou, M., Stavrou, P., Mortou, M., & Küpper, F. C. (2021). Aspects of environmental impacts of seawater desalination: Cyprus as a case study. Desalination and Water Treatment, 211, 15-30. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.26916."]}
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. Best Academic Article on Restorative Justice Prize.
- Author
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Zinsstag, Estelle
- Subjects
RESTORATIVE justice - Published
- 2023
76. Monitoring of Adenoviruses in Water and Wastewater through Applications of PCR Based Methods
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Indrani, Jadhav and Kapilesh, Jadhav
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. The application of restorative justice in China’s environmental crime: an evolutionary game perspective
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Zhang, Xinrui and Zhang, Jiashu
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- 2024
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78. Impact of CuO nanoparticles on the viscosity and vibration damping characteristics of shock absorber oil
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Pawar, Akshay A., Patil, Kuldip A., and Mohite, Dadaso D.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. Climate justice, forests, and Indigenous Peoples: toward an alternative to REDD + for the Amazon
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Osborne, Tracey, Cifuentes, Sylvia, Dev, Laura, Howard, Seánna, Marchi, Elisa, Withey, Lauren, and Santos Rocha da Silva, Marcelo
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
80. New Engagement Strategies for Energy Justice : Perspectives From the Next Generation
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Alicia Phillips, Laura Kaschny, Alicia Phillips, and Laura Kaschny
- Subjects
- Environmental sciences—Social aspects, Energy policy, Energy and state, Social justice, Sustainability, Environmental policy
- Abstract
This book offers an innovative exploration of energy justice, from concept to action, highlighting its role as a crucial tool for navigating the complexities of a just and sustainable energy transition. The book is timely and as the global energy transition rapidly progresses, it will serve as an essential resource, offering practical guidance to advancing a just and sustainable energy future. The perspectives presented in this book are presented by early career energy justice scholars from around the world, each highlighting and proposing ways to navigate the transition. The discussion focuses on three key themes: the integration and repurposing of energy infrastructures with the use of technology, the need for affordable and accessible energy services, and the promotion of responsible governance through effective policymaking and corporate social responsibility. At the heart of this book is the presentation of the ‘Toolkit to Achieve the Just Transition using the Energy Justice Framework'.
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- 2025
81. Environmental Justice in Nepal : Origins, Struggles, and Prospects
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Jonathan K London, Jagannath Adhikari, Thomas Robertson, Jonathan K London, Jagannath Adhikari, and Thomas Robertson
- Subjects
- Environmental justice--Nepal
- Abstract
This edited volume provides a holistic compilation of the diverse range of emerging scholarship in critical environmental justice studies in Nepal.This book brings together environmental justice scholarship set within a robust conceptual framework, focusing on a diversity of case studies from Nepal. Its locale-specific contextualization provides a unique analysis of the natural resource-based livelihoods common in the region, together with the health and well-being impacts of urban and industrial developments in its rapidly changing political, economic, social, and ecological environment. Centering contributions from Nepalese scholars and practitioners, this volume spans a wide range of topics, including the origins of environmental justice in Nepal, land and agriculture, conservation, infrastructure and development, Indigenous peoples, climate justice, and health equity. It reflects on the rise and development of social movements and public policy, discusses the further evolution of environmental justice, and highlights how the work of scholars, activists, and practitioners in the Nepalese context can enrich global conversations about social and environmental issues.This book will appeal to scholars, researchers, students, and activists in environmental justice, sustainable development, South Asian, and Himalayan studies.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license
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- 2025
82. Ecological Integrity and International Law : Peace, Public Health, and Global Security
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Klaus Bosselmann, Kathryn Gwiazdon, Virginia Zambrano, Klaus Bosselmann, Kathryn Gwiazdon, and Virginia Zambrano
- Subjects
- Environmental law, International, Ecological integrity, Public health laws, International, Security, International
- Abstract
This book examines how the principle of ecological integrity in international law and governance can help address our current global crises.The principle of ecological integrity points to the basic foundations that must exist for life – all life – not only to exist but also to flourish. Ecological integrity, or well-being, cuts across legal and geopolitical spheres, insofar as it is the decisions within our systems of governance that determine the integrity of our various living systems. This book provides a comprehensive examination of how the principle of ecological integrity can help us respond to our current crises of global conflict and insecurity. Including chapters by both academics and practitioners and by both experienced and emerging authors, the book covers a range of contemporary issues – the climate crisis, war, the pandemic, food, and more – at the intersection of peace, public health, and global security.It will appeal to scholars across a range of fields, including law, sociology, political science, environmental studies, and public health.
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- 2025
83. Self-Sufficiency and Sustainable Cities and Regions : Planning for Sustainable, Circular and Carbon-Neutral Development
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Eduardo Medeiros and Eduardo Medeiros
- Subjects
- Sustainable urban development, Regional planning--Environmental aspects, Sustainable development
- Abstract
The concept of self-sufficiency involves the notion of sustainable, circular, and carbon-neutral cities. This book examines how urban planning can lead to greater self-sufficiency.It sheds light on how urban and regional circular and self-sufficiency development can effectively contribute towards the ultimate goals of the United Nations (UN) Agenda 2030 and the European Union (EU) Green Deal. It not only embraces the scientific fields of regional and urban studies but also addresses environmental sustainability-related and regional resilience aspects, such as renewable energy production, sustainable mobility, and the circular economy. This book offers a full toolkit of knowledge on how to effectively implement planning approaches for circular and self-sufficiency development at both urban and regional levels. It begins by presenting a theoretical framework and debate on urban and regional planning approaches that can effectively make cities and regions circular and self-sufficient in certain development domains, such as producing intra-city electric energy, sustainable mobility, and promoting a circular economy. Further, it advances a range of policy development proposals aiming at providing a comprehensive introduction to contemporary thinking about how cities and regions can design innovative planning and governance processes and, where appropriate, build capacity to implement systemic and integrated climate-neutral policies, building on existing place-based territorial capital and experiences developed by local and regional networks. The chapters are written by established authors in their respective domains.This book will thoroughly prepare students and provide knowledge to academics, researchers, and policymakers in the fields of urban and regional planning/development and studies, environmental sustainability, regional resilience, human geography, economic development, and public/EU/UN policies.
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- 2024
84. Nanomaterials for Biomedical and Bioengineering Applications
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Rabia Javed, Jen-Tsung Chen, Ali Talha Khalil, Rabia Javed, Jen-Tsung Chen, and Ali Talha Khalil
- Subjects
- Nanobiotechnology, Drug delivery systems, Nanoparticles, Biomaterials, Biomedical engineering, Imaging systems in biology
- Abstract
This book accumulates the most recent advancements in the field of bioengineering regarding hybrid science named nanobiotechnology and enriches the readers with vast and comprehensive knowledge about different biomedical applications of nanomaterials. It includes drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial properties, hyperthermia, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, photoablation therapy, etc., utilizing the potential of different nanomaterials that are helpful for the well-being of diseased individuals. Furthermore, the concerns about multidrug-resistant microorganisms are increasing daily in the healthcare system. Since conventional therapies fail to combat various infectious diseases, novel nanotechnology techniques provide an alternative approach to developing innovative biomaterials. The novel features of nanomaterials need to be exploited for use in the biomedical engineering domain. They should be fabricated so that the novel multifunctional nanomaterials notonly improve drug efficacy but also reduce their side effects. Moreover, a detailed understanding of the nanotoxicological effects of promising biomedical nanomaterials should necessarily be explored using the cell culture approach. Corona of nanomaterials should be investigated in detail to determine its fate in the biological system regarding safety concerns. This is the most important feature that is novel and explored in this book and would be very helpful for customers like clinicians, scientists, engineers, and technicians who will gain extensive knowledge from this book and work together to get the desired results in the healthcare sector.
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- 2024
85. Nanotechnology in Textile Finishing : Advancements and Applications
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Satyaranjan Bairagi, Shakeel Ahmed, S. Wazed Ali, Satyaranjan Bairagi, Shakeel Ahmed, and S. Wazed Ali
- Subjects
- Textile finishing, Nanotechnology
- Abstract
This book is focused on the latest developments and practical applications of nanotechnology in textile finishing. It covers the fundamentals of nanotechnology, including the properties and behavior of nanoparticles, and how they can be used to enhance the performance of textiles. The book also explores the various types of nanomaterials that are used in textile finishing, such as nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nano-coatings, and their properties, advantages, and limitations. The book covers the different types of textile finishing techniques, including dyeing, printing, and coating, and how nanotechnology is used to improve their performance. It also covers the environmental, health, and safety aspects of using nanotechnology in textile finishing, and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. The book is targeted at textile scientists, engineers, and researchers working in the textile industry, as well as students and academics in textile science and engineering. It is also useful for those in related fields, such as materials science, chemistry, and chemical engineering.
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- 2024
86. Unlocking Environmental Law
- Author
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Simon Sneddon and Simon Sneddon
- Subjects
- Environmental justice, Climatic changes--Law and legislation, Environmental law--Political aspects, Environmental law, Environmental law--Moral and ethical aspects
- Abstract
Unlocking Environmental Law is the essential introduction to this fascinating, controversial, and fast-moving area of contemporary law, ensuring that you grasp the main concepts with ease. Containing accessible explanations in clear and precise terms that are easy to understand, it provides an excellent foundation for learning and revising Environmental Law.Split into three parts, the book outlines the philosophical foundations of environmental law, and how these have influenced political decision-making. The information is clearly presented in a logical structure and the following features support learning, helping you to advance with confidence: clear learning outcomes at the beginning of each chapter set out the skills and knowledge you will need to get to grips with the subject key facts boxes throughout each chapter allow you to progressively build and consolidate your understanding end-of-chapter summaries provide a useful check-list for each topic cases and judgments are highlighted to help you find them and add them to your notes quickly frequent activities and self-test questions and sample essay questions are included so you can put your knowledge into practice a brand new ‘critiquing the law'feature is designed to foster essential critical thinking skills Charting the development of regulations, examining emerging and future trends for environmental law, and looking at specific areas of law, including air pollution, climate change, laws around water, and the regulation of social and private space, this concise, accessible text is ideal for anyone new to environmental law.
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- 2024
87. Restorative Justice at a Crossroads : Dilemmas of Institutionalisation
- Author
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Giuseppe Maglione, Ian D. Marder, Brunilda Pali, Giuseppe Maglione, Ian D. Marder, and Brunilda Pali
- Subjects
- Critical criminology, Restorative justice
- Abstract
This book reflects on the institutionalisation of restorative justice over the last 20 years and offers a critical analysis of the qualitative consequences generated by such a process on the normative structure of restorative justice, and on its understanding and uses in practice. Bringing together an international collection of leading scholars, this book provides a range of context-sensitive case studies that enhance our understanding of the development of international, national and institutional policy frameworks for restorative justice, the mainstreaming of practices within the criminal justice system, the proliferation of cultural, social and political co-optations of restorative justice and the ways in which the formalisation of the restorative justice movement have affected its values, aims and goals.
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- 2024
88. Research Handbook on Environmental Crimes and Criminal Enforcement
- Author
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Susan L. Smith, Iina Sahramäki, Susan L. Smith, and Iina Sahramäki
- Subjects
- Offenses against the environment--Law and legislation, Law enforcement, Liability for environmental damages
- Abstract
This Research Handbook thoroughly examines the difficult and rapidly expanding problem of national, transnational, and international environmental crimes, including air and water pollution, unlawful mining and timber harvesting, and trafficking of endangered species. It provides an understanding of cutting-edge empirical and theoretical research on these crimes and their legal prosecution.Pre-eminent experts in the field meticulously examine the relevant criminal law and environmental law and its enforcement in a range of regions across Africa, Asia, Europe, and North and South America. They consider the significant obstacles to effective prosecution including government corruption, inadequate resources, and governance failures. Ultimately, the cross-disciplinary chapters build upon current research to present unique insights and raise important questions about the past, present, and future of green criminology.This timely Research Handbook is a crucial reference point for students and scholars of environmental law, criminology, and criminal justice. It also appeals to those interested in sustainability, environmental harms and crimes, and corporate behaviour.
- Published
- 2024
89. Restorative Justice and Contemporary Political Theory : Critical Encounters
- Author
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Giuseppe Maglione and Giuseppe Maglione
- Subjects
- Restorative justice, Reparation (Criminal justice)
- Abstract
Outlining an original analysis of the political dimension of restorative justice, this book seeks both to enhance the critical comprehension of this phenomenon and to forge new tools for acting politically through restorative justice, inviting restorative justice scholars, practitioners and advocates to become a radical political movement.Restorative justice is widely studied, nationally and internationally legislated, and increasingly practised; however, the growth of relevant policy, practice and research has been only marginally accompanied by the development of updated, theoretically informed and critical reflections on the relationships between politics and restorative justice. This is a significant problem since neglecting the political dimension may limit the capacity of the restorative justice movement to critically appreciate its possible role in confronting oppressive social and political arrangements. This book addresses this gap by providing reflections on restorative justice in relation to six complex political concepts – difference, sovereignty, community, identity, equality and subalternity. Engaging with the thoughts of Gilles Deleuze, Giorgio Agamben, Jean-Luc Nancy, Judith Butler, Jacques Rancière and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, each chapter works as a prism to unravel and reconstruct creatively restorative justice unearthing its political conditions and effects.Providing an innovative contribution to our thinking about the political nature and significance of restorative justice from the specific perspective of political theory, Restorative Justice and Contemporary Political Theory will appeal to both students and scholars of restorative justice specifically and of criminal justice and criminology more broadly.
- Published
- 2024
90. Criminological Connections, Directions, Horizons : Essays in Honour of Nigel South
- Author
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Eamonn Carrabine, Anna Di Ronco, Eamonn Carrabine, and Anna Di Ronco
- Subjects
- Criminology, Sociology
- Abstract
This timely book presents a carefully curated selection of essays to celebrate the career of Nigel South, Emeritus Professor at the Department of Sociology and Criminology of the University of Essex, and one of the leading figures in his field.Through his long career, still ongoing and flourishing, Nigel has contributed knowledge in many areas of criminological scholarship and challenged the confines of the discipline, opening up new directions for thinking and debate. In this volume, Nigel's close colleagues and friends celebrate his exceptional career through essays that draw on, or have been inspired by, his earlier or most recent work. Spanning across the areas of policing, drugs, green, southern, and sensory criminology, these essays offer cutting-edge research and fresh conceptual insights honouring the work of an outstanding criminologist, colleague, friend, and human being.This volume will be of pivotal interest to students, scholars, and academics in the fields of sociology and criminology, as well as those with an interest in these areas more generally.
- Published
- 2024
91. Handbook of Nanobioelectrochemistry : Application in Devices and Biomolecular Sensing
- Author
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Uday Pratap Azad, Pranjal Chandra, Uday Pratap Azad, and Pranjal Chandra
- Subjects
- Bioelectrochemistry, Nanobiotechnology, Biosensors, Nanoelectromechanical systems
- Abstract
This handbook comprehensively reviews different nanomaterials and modern electrochemical approaches used in the point-of-care analysis of biomolecules. It describes the importance, significance, and application of various kinds of smart nanomaterials and their integration with modern electrochemical techniques for the point-of-care diagnosis of biologically important biomolecules. The interaction between bio-systems and nanomaterials have been discussed in this book using advanced electrochemical methods and characterizing techniques. It describes the combination of classical and modern methodologies for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles/nanoclusters and modern electrochemical techniques for the early-stage detection and point-of-care diagnosis of cancer and other infectious disease such as SARS, influenza, tuberculosis (TB), and hepatitis. Finally, the book provides an accessible and readable summary of the use of nanomaterial for understanding the electrochemical reaction taking place at nano-bio interfaces in electrochemical biomolecular detection and analysis. The book bridges the gap and strengthens the relationship between electrochemists, material scientists, and biomolecular scientists who are directly or indirectly associated with the field of such point-of-care diagnostics.
- Published
- 2023
92. Recent Advances in Machines and Mechanisms : Select Proceedings of the INaCoMM 2021
- Author
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Vijay Kumar Gupta, C. Amarnath, Puneet Tandon, M. Zahid Ansari, Vijay Kumar Gupta, C. Amarnath, Puneet Tandon, and M. Zahid Ansari
- Subjects
- Machinery--Congresses, Mechanical movements--Congresses
- Abstract
This book presents the proceedings of 5th International and 20th National Conference on Machines and Mechanisms (iNaCoMM 2021) held at PDPM IIITDM Jabalpur during 9-11 December 2021. The conference was held in collaboration with the Association of Machines and Mechanisms (AMM) India and International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine sciences (IFToMM). Various topics covered in this book include kinematics and dynamics of machines, compliant mechanisms; gear, cams and power transmission systems; mechanisms and machines for rural, agricultural and industrial applications; mechanisms for space applications; mechanisms for energy harvesting; robotics and automation; human-centric robotics; soft robotics; man-machine system, mechatronics and micro–mechanisms; CAD and CAGD; control of machines; vibration of machines & rotor dynamics; acoustic and noise; tribology; condition monitoring and failure analysis; fault diagnosis and health monitoring; biomedical engineering; and composites and advanced materials. Given the contents, the book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the various domains of mechanical engineering.
- Published
- 2023
93. Justicia restaurativa medioambiental y animal. Guía de aprendizaje y acción a través de la narración de casos
- Author
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Varona Martínez, Gema and Varona Martínez, Gema
- Subjects
- Restorative justice, Animal rights, Environmental justice
- Abstract
La integral de caminos del físico Feynman explica la realidad como una mezcla de todas las posibilidades imaginables. Este libro se concibe como herramienta para investigadores en justicia medioambiental y bienestar animal, facilitadores de justicia restaurativa, profesionales de diferentes disciplinas y campos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y administraciones públicas, en particular, en el ámbito de la justicia y la educación, para que puedan conocer mejor e involucrarse en proyectos restaurativos, en línea con la llamada de una parte de la ciudadanía global y de muchos juristas, filósofos, criminólogos, biólogos, ecologistas y etólogos, entre otros, para un mundo más vivible (Ferrajoli, 2022). Para ello se propone reescribir casos reales de daños a los ecosistemas y animales, de forma que se puedan imaginar y poner en marcha iniciativas concretas. Con un estilo narrativo y divulgativo, estas páginas son el resultado de dos jornadas de trabajo, fruto de un proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de la Ciencia, con colaboración de más de cincuenta personas de diferentes ámbitos y países. El libro termina con dos sugerentes epílogos que se complementan desde una visión crítica y otra más imaginativa para pequeños y mayores, en esa suerte de pacto intergeneracional necesario en este campo.
- Published
- 2023
94. The Future of Television in the Global South : Reflections From Selected Countries
- Author
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George Ogola and George Ogola
- Subjects
- Globalization, Television broadcasting--Technological innovations, Television broadcasting--Developing countries
- Abstract
This book explores how television in the global South is ‘future-proofing'its continued relevance, addressing its commercial, social and political viability in a constantly changing information ecosystem. The chapter contributions in the book are drawn from countries in East, South and West Africa, the Middle East and Latin America, specially selected for their illustrative potential of the key issues addressed in the book. Scholarly attention on television in the global South has largely been limited to studying evolving television formats with broader structural issues covered almost entirely by industry reports. Major gaps remain in terms of understanding how television in the global South is changing within the context of the significant technological developments and what this means for television's future(s). The chapters reflect on these futures, not in the sense of predicting what these might be, but rather anticipating important areas of intellection. The contributors contend that much of the scholarship on the global South, by scholars from the South, is often stilted by a reluctance to anticipate. This failure leads to a largely reactionary scholarship, constantly oppositional, and unable to recentre conversations on the South. This volume finds intellectual incentive in this urgent need to anticipate, hence its particular focus on television futures. Taking television in the global South as an important cultural and political barometer, the book seeks to explore how television in the global South is adapting to the rampant technological changes and processes of globalisation.
- Published
- 2023
95. 21st Century Business Icons : The Leaders Who Are Changing Our World
- Author
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Sally Percy and Sally Percy
- Subjects
- Success in business--Case studies, Businesspeople--Case studies, Entrepreneurship--Case studies, Leadership--Case studies
- Abstract
SHORTLISTED: Business Book Awards 2024 - Business Journey CategoryFrom the stratospheric success of Jeff Bezos to the secret genius of Satoshi Nakamoto, 21st Century Business Icons uncovers the fascinating success stories behind some of the world's most innovative business leaders.Behind every success is the unique story of an individual who has transformed their ambition into reality. They have overcome their competition through innovation, determination and confidence. This book uncovers the stories behind these figures - while they may be divisive, controversial or polarizing - each of them offers fascinating insights into business and society.Stretching from California to Tokyo and covering sectors such as tech, retail, banking and social media, this book uncovers the secrets behind success on a global scale. Discover how Whitney Wolfe Herd reinvented the dating industry and how Jimmy Donaldson built a YouTube business empire. 21st Century Business Icons is a fascinating exploration of the entrepreneurs, influencers and pioneers who have redefined the 21st century.
- Published
- 2023
96. CO2 Conversion and Utilization : Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Methods and Applications
- Author
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Zhicheng Zhang and Zhicheng Zhang
- Subjects
- Carbon dioxide--Industrial applications
- Abstract
CO2 Conversion and Utilization Comprehensive overview of current development of various catalysts in CO2 conversion and utilization through photocatalytic and electrochemical methods CO2 Conversion and Utilization systematically summarizes the development of CO2 photo- and electro-conversion and utilization, especially the reaction mechanism, engineering and technology of testing, and preparation methods and physicochemical properties of various catalytic materials. The rational design and preparation of catalysts, development of characterization technologies, and in-depth understanding of catalytic mechanisms are systematically discussed. In particular, the various parameters influencing the photocatalytic and electrochemical CO2 reduction are emphasized. The underlying challenges and perspectives for the future development of efficient catalysts for CO2 reduction to specific chemicals and fuels are discussed at the end of the text. Written by a highly qualified author with significant experience in the field, CO2 Conversion and Utilization includes information on: Measurement systems and parameters for CO2 photo/electro-conversion, CO2 photo/electro-conversion mechanism, and Cu-based and Cu-free metal materials for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction Organic-inorganic, metal organic framework, and covalent organic framework hybrid materials for CO2 photo/electro-conversion Single/dual-atom catalysts, homogeneous catalysts, and high-entropy alloys for CO2 photo/electro-conversion Semiconductor composite and carbon-based materials for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, novel routes for CO2 utilization via metal-CO2 batteries, and CO2 conversion into long-chain compounds Providing comprehensive coverage of the subject, CO2 Conversion and Utilization is of high interest for scientific researchers as well as engineers and technicians in industry, including but not limited to photochemists, electrochemists, environmental chemists, catalytic chemists, chemists in industry, and inorganic chemists.
- Published
- 2023
97. Data Ethics : Practical Strategies for Implementing Ethical Information Management and Governance
- Author
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Katherine O'Keefe, Daragh O Brien, Katherine O'Keefe, and Daragh O Brien
- Subjects
- Information technology--Management, Information technology--Moral and ethical aspects
- Abstract
Data-gathering technology is more sophisticated than ever, as are the ethical standards for using this data. This second edition shows how to navigate this complex environment.Data Ethics provides a practical framework for the implementation of ethical principles into information management systems. It shows how to assess the types of ethical dilemmas organizations might face as they become more data-driven. This fully updated edition includes guidance on sustainability and environmental management and on how ethical frameworks can be standardized across cultures that have conflicting values. There is also discussion of data colonialism, the challenge of ethical trade-offs with ad-tech and analytics such as Covid-19 tracking systems and case studies on Smart Cities and Demings Principles.As the pace of developments in data-processing technology continues to increase, it is vital to capitalize on the opportunities this affords while ensuring that ethical standards and ideals are not compromised. Written by internationally regarded experts in the field, Data Ethics is the essential guide for students and practitioners to optimizing ethical data standards in organizations.
- Published
- 2023
98. Wildlife Ethics : The Ethics of Wildlife Management and Conservation
- Author
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Clare Palmer, Bob Fischer, Christian Gamborg, Jordan Hampton, Peter Sandoe, Clare Palmer, Bob Fischer, Christian Gamborg, Jordan Hampton, and Peter Sandoe
- Subjects
- Wildlife management--Moral and ethical aspects, Wildlife conservation--Moral and ethical aspects
- Abstract
Wildlife Ethics A systematic account of the ethical issues related to wildlife management and conservation Wildlife Ethics is the first systematic, book-length discussion of the ethics of wildlife conservation and management, and examines the key ethical questions and controversies. Tackling both theory and practice, the text is divided into two parts. The first describes key concepts, ethical theories, and management models relating to wildlife; the second puts these concepts, theories, and models to work, illustrating their significance through detailed case studies on controversies in wildlife management and conservation. The book explores pressing topics including human responsibilities due to climate change, tradeoffs when managing zoonotic disease risks, the ethics of the wildlife trade, culling non-native species, indigenous wildlife use, and zoo-based conservation programs. Readers are encouraged to explore different ways of valuing wild animals and their practical implications. This essential text: Explains and explores relationships between valuing biodiversity, human utility, ecosystems, species, and animal welfare Describes established approaches to wildlife management, such as sustainable use, and emerging concepts, such as compassionate conservation Discusses key ethical theories, including utilitarianism, ecocentrism, and animal rights Offers a practical model of how to analyze ethical issues in wildlife management and conservation Wildlife Ethics: The Ethics of Wildlife Management and Conservation is an accessible introduction to complex ethical issues, making the book an important resource for students in fields such as conservation biology, ecology, environmental science and policy, game management, public health and veterinary medicine. It will also be an invaluable tool for wildlife managers, conservationists, One Health practitioners, practicing veterinarians and animal rehabilitation staff, contemporary wildlife professionals and other stakeholders.
- Published
- 2023
99. Green Crime in the Global South : Essays on Southern Green Criminology
- Author
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David R. Goyes and David R. Goyes
- Subjects
- Criminology--Developing countries, Offenses against the environment--Developing countries
- Abstract
This book presents a socio-criminological study of environmental crime in the global South. It gathers contributors from all the regions of the geographical global South (Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America) to discuss instances of environmental crime and conflict. Overall, it seeks to further decolonise the knowledge production of green criminology. It considers the legacy of colonisation, North-South and the core-periphery divides in the production of environmental crime, the epistemological contributions of the marginalised, impoverished, and oppressed, and the unique contexts of the global South. This book has three sections: drivers of green crime in the global South; responses to environmental harm in the global South; and global dialogues about crime and destruction in the global South. The first two sections represent the breadth of the topics that green criminologists have historically studied but from unique perspectives. The third section explores ethical anddecolonial ways for Southern green criminology to collaborate with Western academia. This book speaks to scholars in criminology, political ecology, decolonial theory, along with the many readers interested in the interactions between humans and nature.
- Published
- 2023
100. Advanced Introduction to Applied Green Criminology
- Author
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Rob White and Rob White
- Subjects
- Environmental justice, Environmental law, Offenses against the environment
- Abstract
Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.The Advanced Introduction to Applied Green Criminology provides a comprehensive overview of interventions and practices that contribute to environmental protection. Topics include crime prevention, environmental regulation and law enforcement, environmental forensics, greening of criminal justice institutions, and social activism. Underpinning these topics is the notion of eco-justice, which focuses on environmental justice (humans), ecological justice (ecosystems) and species justice (non-human animals and plants). Key Features:Discusses practical ways to prevent and stop environmental crimes and harmsPresents grounded examples and knowledge gained from years of experience and expertise reflecting a'pracademic'orientationProvides insightful summaries of intervention practicesThis Advanced Introduction will be invaluable to practitioners, such as green criminologists, conservation scientists, and environmental lawyers and regulators, as well as academics and students interested in preventing, stopping, and deterring environmental crimes and harms.?
- Published
- 2023
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