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2. Intersectionality in Education: Rationale and Practices to Address the Needs of Students' Intersecting Identities. OECD Education Working Papers. No. 302
- Author
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Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (France), Directorate for Education and Skills, Samo Varsik, and Julia Gorochovskij
- Abstract
Intersectionality highlights that different aspects of individuals' identities are not independent of each other. Instead, they interact to create unique identities and experiences, which cannot be understood by analysing each identity dimension separately or in isolation from their social and historical contexts. Intersectional approaches in this way question the common classification of individuals into groups (male vs. female, immigrant vs. native etc.), which raises important implications for the policy-making process. In education, analyses with an intersectional lens have the potential to lead to better tailored and more effective policies and interventions related to participation, learning outcomes, students' attitudes towards the future, identification of needs, and socio-emotional well-being. Consequently, as elaborated in this paper, some countries have adjusted their policies in the areas of governance, resourcing, developing capacity, promoting school-level interventions and monitoring, to account for intersectionality. Gaps and challenges related to intersectional approaches are also highlighted.
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- 2023
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3. Indicators of Inclusion in Education: A Framework for Analysis. OECD Education Working Papers. No. 300
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Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (France), Directorate for Education and Skills, Cecilia Mezzanotte, and Claire Calvel
- Abstract
Calls for increased monitoring and evaluation of education policies and practices have not, so far, included widespread and consistent assessments of the inclusiveness of education settings. Measuring inclusion in education has proven to be a challenging exercise, due not only to the complexity and different uses of the concept, but also to its holistic nature. Indeed, measuring inclusion implies analysing a variety of policy areas within education systems, while also considering the different roles of the system, the school and the classroom. This paper discusses the application of the input-process-outcome model to the measurement of inclusion in education, and key indicators that can be adopted by education systems and schools to this end. It makes considerations relevant to policy makers when designing indicators to measure inclusion, such as the extent of their application, the constraints related to data disaggregation and the relevance of intersectional approaches to inclusion.
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- 2023
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4. Holistic Refugee and Newcomer Education in Europe: Mapping, Upscaling and Institutionalising Promising Practices from Germany, Greece and the Netherlands. OECD Education Working Papers. No. 264
- Author
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Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (France), Koehler, Claudia, Palaiologou, Nektaria, and Brussino, Ottavia
- Abstract
Education is one of the most important fields to promote the integration of refugee and newcomer children and youths in host countries. However, holistic education for refugee and newcomers has so far not been established into mainstream education systems in European countries. Projects and pilot programmes have developed across Europe to test holistic approaches. Some of them have started very recently as a response to the arrival of high numbers of refugees and newcomers, while others have been established for a longer period and have started to expand. This paper first provides an overview of key research gaps in refugee education. It then provides a mapping of promising holistic education practices in Europe, with a focus on Germany, Greece and the Netherlands. Based on this, the paper explores key conditions to upscale and institutionalise promising practices of holistic refugee and newcomer education.
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- 2022
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5. Conflict and salience as drivers of corporate lobbying? An elite survey experiment.
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Aizenberg, Ellis
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LOBBYING ,COMMUNITIES ,TRADE associations - Abstract
This paper argues that a high degree of conflict and a low degree of salience on a policy issue drives corporations to lobby alone rather than via a business association. Previous research has addressed drivers at organizational, sector and structural level. This paper adds an issue perspective. These arguments are important as democracies thrive when business employs its power in a responsible manner. When corporations lobby alone, it can be a challenge to do so as they tend to overlook long‐term interests of the broader business community and society. The arguments are tested for the first time in a corporatist context through an original survey experiment among corporate lobbyists in Germany and the Netherlands. The study finds support for the expectation on conflict, which is striking as it indicates that corporations prefer to lobby alone due to conflict even in contexts in which they are not incentivized to do so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Intersecting where? The multi-scalar contextual embeddedness of intersectional entrepreneurs.
- Author
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Yamamura, S., Lassalle, P., and Shaw, E.
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BUSINESSWOMEN ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,REGIONAL development ,MINORITIES ,CONSUMERS ,GEOGRAPHY education - Abstract
We explore the experiences of LGBT* ethnic minority entrepreneurs, their changing locations and their entrepreneurial activities. Using a unique mixed-method approach which collected empirical data from Germany and the Netherlands, the paper combines an ethnographic fieldwork of intersectional entrepreneurs, community activists and policy-makers with an original survey with LGBT* customers. Our findings contribute to understanding of intersectionality by revealing the role played by the contextualized embeddedness of intersectional entrepreneurs at the different geographic scales of supranational, national, regional and inter and intra-urban. While such embeddedness frames the challenges they face, it also provides opportunities for intersectional entrepreneurs. Using a multi-scalar perspective, this paper delivers a spatially contextual perspective of entrepreneurial diversity and provides a framework to analyse the complex issues and contexts with which intersectional entrepreneurs are both confronted and embedded within. This paper contributes to refining the spatial context of entrepreneurship which has gained attention in recent studies of entrepreneurship and regional development. The paper responds to a call for gender entrepreneurship scholars to contribute to understanding of intersectional entrepreneurship. Finally, this study goes beyond the binary view of female migrant entrepreneurship by adopting a more gender diverse lens which considers the experiences of LGBT* entrepreneurs from ethnic minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Have cycling-friendly cities achieved cycling equity? Analyses of the educational gradient in cycling in Dutch and German cities.
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Hudde, Ansgar
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CITIES & towns ,CYCLING ,INTERGENERATIONAL mobility ,MULTILEVEL models ,SOCIAL groups ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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8. Pedagogical Experiences in a Virtual Exchange Project Using High-Immersion Virtual Reality for Intercultural Language Learning
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Jauregi-Ondarra, Kristi, Gruber, Alice, and Canto, Silvia
- Abstract
Social Virtual Reality (VR) applications enable real-time interpersonal conversation and allow users to perform activities together. They have the potential of changing the ways learners practise speaking a foreign language. Following a previous study (Jauregi Ondarra, Gruber, & Canto, 2020), we designed the present study to explore how presence, immersion, and interactivity affect overall social experience. Students from Germany and the Netherlands engaged in High-immersion VR (HiVR) virtual exchange sessions, using Spanish as a lingua franca at A2 level. International dyads carried out four interaction tasks in AltspaceVR, using head-mounted devices. To examine students' HiVR virtual exchange experiences, different sources of data were gathered: questionnaires, reflection diaries, recordings, and focus group interviews. The preliminary results, based on the surveys and reflection journals, show that students liked to use a social VR app to communicate in the target language with peers from other countries, as they felt completely immersed and co-present in the social interactive VR space. This might enhance engagement and lower anxiety levels. [For the complete volume, "CALL and Professionalisation: Short Papers from EUROCALL 2021 (29th, Online, August 26-27, 2021)," see ED616972.]
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- 2021
9. Implementation of Data-Based Decision-Making: Linking Research From the Special Series to Practice.
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Kearns, Devin M., Feinberg, Natasha J., and Anderson, Leslie J.
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OCCUPATIONAL roles ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,COLLEGE teacher attitudes ,DECISION support systems ,HUMAN services programs ,LEARNING disabilities ,EDUCATORS ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
The papers in the special series describe the role of data-based decision-making (DBDM) in improving the outcomes of students with learning disabilities based on research across Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States. The articles address multiple aspects of a model of DBDM that includes the role of teacher knowledge, skills, beliefs, and sources of professional learning and the role of systems-level factors in improving student achievement. In this article, the conclusions of each paper are described in terms of that model. The papers illustrate that DBDM can improve achievement for students with learning disabilities through a DBDM process called data-based individualization (DBI)—especially if teachers have innovative supports (e.g., new technologies). For teachers, DBDM professional development (PD) can improve DBDM knowledge and implementation, but PD may not be adequate in all cases, with practical experience playing a central role. In addition, classroom-level DBDM may not translate to success for students with learning disabilities. Finally, the articles reveal a need to focus more on systems-level factors in successful DBDM systems like DBI—especially when implemented outside the experimental context. These findings provide a contemporary lens on DBDM as it related to students with learning disabilities and establish foci for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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10. Similar yet not the Same: Right-Wing Populist Parties' Stances on Religion in Germany and the Netherlands.
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Beuter, Christopher and Kortmann, Matthias
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POPULISM , *RELIGION , *MASS mobilization - Abstract
Applying a qualitative framing analysis, this paper examines narratives of the right-wing populist parties Alternative for Germany (AfD) and the Party for Freedom (PVV) in the Netherlands on religion. The paper argues that references of these populist parties to religion can be interpreted against the background of specific national context factors such as the respective history of nation building, the traditional role of religion in society and secularization processes. A rigorous examination of parliamentary documents published between 2017 and 2019 shows that whereas the PVV clearly defines Christianity in civilizational and not religious terms, the AfD takes a less clear-cut stance toward the religion framing it both as culture and faith. We contend that this difference can be explained by the lower degree of secularization and the greater role of Christianity as a collective identity marker in post-war Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Diverse books for diverse children: Building an early childhood diverse booklist for social and emotional learning.
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Garces-Bacsal, Rhoda Myra
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CULTURE ,CHILD development ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,SELF-consciousness (Awareness) ,BOOKS ,EMOTIONS ,SOCIAL skills ,SOCIAL attitudes - Abstract
Research has indicated how diverse books contribute to a more culturally responsive pedagogy, allowing children to identify themselves in the stories they read and gain an appreciation for others whose lives are different from theirs. Moreover, a sensitive discussion of and critical responses to diverse picturebooks is found to positively influence a child's social and emotional learning competecies, apart from increasing a child's cultural knowledge and serving as a catalyst for social justice. This paper is meant to broaden early childhood educators' repertoire of picturebooks that can be used in the classroom to also include international titles (translated into English from their original languages) and multicultural titles to facilitate affective engagement with these narratives and introduce social and emotional learning skills (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management and responsible decision-making). This paper provides a list of diverse books (from the Netherlands, Japan, Lithuania, Spain, Germany, France, Argentina – among others) for students in early childhood (from preschool to third grade) thematically organized across the five social and emotional learning competencies. Strategies such as book-bonding and literacy bags for family engagement will be shared while using the framework of culturally responsive teaching in an early childhood setting. Recommendations for how family members can be more involved are included, along with critical literacy strategies that include conversations, multiple perspectives and the sharing of authentic experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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12. Spatial mobility and the perception of career development for social sciences and humanities doctoral candidates.
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Schäfer, Gregor
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SPACE perception ,STUDENT mobility ,CAREER development ,LEARNING ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,NONFORMAL education ,HIGHER education - Abstract
The spatial mobility of students and academics as part of the internationalisation of higher education is becoming increasingly relevant in securing top-tier positions, especially within academia. While the number of doctoral candidates is rising, new positions are not created at the same rate, leading to scarcer career opportunities in academia and the need to develop alternative career paths. Previous studies have much focused on the connection between mobility and career development among junior academics in the STEM fields, but the significance of mobility for SSH PhD candidates and their career development remains unanswered. Does spatial mobility have any effects there, and if so, which? For this reason, this paper studied doctoral SSH candidates from Germany with mobility experiences in the Netherlands. The findings show that spatial mobility affects the perception of the PhD candidate's career in several, sometimes ambivalent ways. It shows that the experience of mobility narrows the planning to a career in academia, contributes to the informal learning process of the candidate, and expands the horizon for possible opportunities in academia. The perceived asset of mobility varies alongside the internationalisation of disciplines and whether the candidate plans to return to Germany or pursue an international career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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13. Immigrant Minority Languages and Multilingual Education in Europe: A Literature Review
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Elizabeth Pérez-Izaguirre, Gorka Roman, and María Orcasitas-Vicandi
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Immigrant minority (IM) languages have a significant presence in certain European regions. Nonetheless, these languages are not usually included in the school curriculum. This paper aims to analyse the studies published between 2010 and 2020 considering IM languages in multilingual European education contexts. The method included a search of academic papers published in the databases ERIC, Web of Science and Scopus, which yielded 42 studies. The studies were analysed by considering: (1) the demographic characteristics of the countries where the studies were conducted, (2) the sociolinguistic or psycholinguistic focus of the papers in relation to the European country, and (3) the characteristics of the bi-multilingual education programme including IM languages. The results indicate that: (1) the demographic characteristics of the country are not strictly related to the number of studies published, (2) most studies have a sociolinguistic approach even though many studies analyse both sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic factors, and (3) only seven multilingual education programmes including IM languages were described in these papers. We conclude that there is a lack of research focusing on IM languages in educational settings and discuss how addressing these gaps could create opportunities for building equitable multilingual communities in Europe.
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- 2024
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14. The Development of a Multi-Dimensional Coding System to Categorise Negative Online Experiences Including Cyberbullying Behaviors among Adolescents with Lower Socioeconomic Status
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Noel Purdy, Herbert Scheithauer, Jonathan Harris, Roy A. Willems, Consuelo Mameli, Annalisa Guarini, Antonella Brighi, Damiano Menin, Catherine Culbert, Jayne Hamilton, Trijntje Völlink, Mark Ballentine, Nora Fiedler, and Peter K. Smith
- Abstract
This original paper, based on data from the Erasmus+Blurred Lives Project, presents a new multi-dimensional categorisation model to describe negative online experiences, including forms of cyberbullying, based on a study of internet usage among over N = 2,500 adolescents with lower socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds across five European countries. The paper first sets out the rationale for the development of a new coding system, before describing the current study and nature of the survey data collected. There follows a description of the development of the new system and the series of reliability checks undertaken by the research team (N= 11, from 5 countries) and of the refinements made to the categories and codes. The resulting coding system is presented with consideration of the strengths and limitations, and description of two early pilot studies which have successfully adopted the new system.
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- 2024
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15. COVID-19 policy analysis for 10 European countries.
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Takefuji, Yoshiyasu
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,COVID-19 ,POLICY analysis ,HERD immunity ,PUBLIC health ,TIME series analysis ,SOCIAL distancing ,POLICY sciences ,COVID-19 testing - Abstract
Aim: The goal of this paper is to analyze the COVID-19 policies of 10 European countries, including Sweden, Finland, Norway, Italy, France, Germany, Poland, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Hungary, with a time-series policy analysis tool. Subject and methods: The results of the COVID-19 policy analysis are based on a single time-series indicator, or daily population mortality rate: the number of COVID-19 daily cumulative deaths divided by the population in millions. The lower the score, the better the policy. Although many experts believe that the COVID-19 policy outcome analysis is premature, time series analysis is an excellent analysis that can provide information on the progress and transition of policy outcomes. In other words, the proposed time series analysis tool allows policymakers to identify and quantify when mistakes were made during the on-going COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The COVID-19 policy analysis discovered many useful facts. Sweden failed due to the herd immunity approach. Hungary made a fundamental mistake in COVID-19 tactics. Countries such as Sweden, Hungary, Belgium, and Poland showed time-series changes that differed from the others. Conclusion: Public health interventions can play a key role in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed policy analysis tool, hiscovid demonstrated the effectiveness of the time-series score behavior for discovering when policymakers made mistakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Constructing Discourses on (Un)truthfulness: Attributions of Reality, Misinformation, and Disinformation by Politicians in a Comparative Social Media Setting.
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Hameleers, Michael and Minihold, Sophie
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DIGITAL communications ,DISINFORMATION ,PRESS criticism ,POPULISM - Abstract
In the setting of increasingly more fragmented digital communication settings, the accuracy and honesty of (political) information has become subject of fierce debates and partisan attacks. Hence, the challenge of mis- and disinformation not only pertains to the truthfulness of information itself, but also to the discursive construction of supporting information as truthful and dissonant information as untrue or deliberately false. This paper inductively analyzes discourses of (un)truthfulness (Study 1, N = 1,777) and uses an Automated Content Analysis (Study 2, N = 56,666) to assess how reality, mis-, and disinformation are constructed by politicians in Austria, Germany, and the Netherlands. The findings point to an affinity between populism and disinformation: Right-wing populist politicians take issue ownership in discrediting established knowledge and attempt to create momentum for alternative realities that resonate with populist worldviews. Such discourses of (un)truthfulness may have an important impact on defining reality for voters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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17. Potato Production in Northwestern Europe (Germany, France, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Belgium): Characteristics, Issues, Challenges and Opportunities.
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Goffart, Jean-Pierre, Haverkort, Anton, Storey, Michael, Haase, Norbert, Martin, Michel, Lebrun, Pierre, Ryckmans, Daniel, Florins, Dominique, and Demeulemeester, Kürt
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POTATO products ,PLANT protection ,POTATOES ,PLANT products ,STARCH ,WASTE minimization ,AGRICULTURAL productivity - Abstract
In Northwestern Europe, Germany, France, the Netherlands, the UK and Belgium constitute the biggest five potato producers, with total potato crop production around 60% of EU-28 production before Brexit. Soil and climate conditions are highly favourable for potato growth in this region. Production is under driving forces of (i) the potato processing industry, particularly in Belgium; (ii) the innovation for fresh potato in the UK, France and Germany; (iii) the leadership of Germany and the Netherlands for starch potato; and (iv) the dominance of the Netherlands for seed production. Based on an industrial agri-food production system, the region has the highest potato yield levels worldwide and developed relevant trade networks for export of seed, fresh and processed potato products in and outside Europe. Conventional and intensive potato production is widespread over the region, whilst organic production started to develop in Germany and France. Whether the coming decades will be as successful as the last ones for sustainable potato production will depend on how the sector and stakeholders of the whole potato value-chain will overcome new issues and challenges. These are mainly soil quality and health conservation, consequences of climate change, increasing bans on the use of plant protection products, tightening environmental standards, food waste reduction and increasing trade tensions hampering the flow of potatoes around the world. After a detailed description of the potato production in the region, this paper contains a SWOT analysis aiming to identify potential solutions to overcome environmental, technical, economic, political and societal issues in the region for sustainable potato production in the coming years and decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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18. Multi-Level Classification of Literacy of Educators Using PIAAC Data
- Author
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Yalcin, Seher
- Abstract
This study aims to identify the literacy skills of individuals whose highest level of education was in the field 'teacher training and educational sciences'. The study sample comprised 10,618 individuals in the field of teacher training and educational sciences, selected from 31 countries (participating in the International Adult Skills Assessment Programme during the 2014-2015 survey) using a multi-stage sampling method. The study employed multi-level latent class analysis and three-step analysis in order to determine both the number of multi-level latent classes of educators' literacy scores as well as the selected independent variables' success in predicting those latent classes. The analysis revealed that educators in Germany constituted the group with the highest literacy skills while educators from Singapore comprised the group with the lowest literacy skills. [This study was presented at the 9th International Congress of Educational Research. Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.]
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- 2022
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19. On the Widespread Impact of the Most Prolific Countries in Special Education Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
- Author
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Sezgin, Aslihan, Orbay, Keziban, and Orbay, Metin
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify the most prolific countries in the field of special education and to discuss the widespread impact of their papers by taking into account the country's h-index. Through a bibliometric analysis, the data were collected in the Web of Science Core Collection category "Education, Special" in the Social Science Citation Index during 2011-2020. The 25 most prolific countries in the field of special education were determined in terms of paper productivity, and it was seen that the leading country was undisputedly the USA (54.42%). Meanwhile, a strong positive correlation was found between the h-index and the number of papers published by the countries (r=0.864). On the other hand, when the ranking in terms of the number of papers was reconfigured by the h-index, it was relatively changed. The possible reasons for this change for the countries with the most changing rankings were discussed by considering some definitive criteria such as the journal quartiles, the percentage of international and domestic, and the percentage of open access papers. This study reports a positive correlation between the quality and quantity in the field of special education for the publications of countries. It has been shown that where the positive correlation deviates, then especially, the journal quartiles, the percentage of international collaboration and the percentage of open access papers have a significant effect. The bibliometric findings may be useful to enrich the discussion about the widespread impact of papers and debate whether the use of h-index is acceptable for cross-national comparisons.
- Published
- 2022
20. "Making sense of rural identities in future horizons of Dutch and German students living in rural areas".
- Author
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Hofstede, Henk
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YOUNG adults ,RURAL geography - Abstract
This paper presents insight into how rural young adults in the rural areas of Oost-Groningen, The Netherlands, and Südharz, Germany, deal with their rural identity with regard to different future horizons. This paper applies future horizons instead of intended future plans to emphasize the open and uncertain nature of young adults' aspired future. Based on 15 biographical interviews and a survey to geographically contextualize these interviews, the results show how rural young adults can have parallel future horizons to maintain several options open in which they all aim to preserve a rural identity. This paper illustrates how rural young adults compromise a rural identity with aspirations elsewhere in a staying or rural horizon elsewhere. In addition, the results show how they deal with rural identities by further internalizing and externalizing their rural identities with variations of embracing aspects of a rural identity with regard to different future horizons. The paper concludes that young adults can be considered, however also out of uncertainty about the future, as active participants of their future who apply parallel and temporal horizons and still preserve a rural identity. • Future horizons capture the open nature of young adults' futures. • Young adults apply parallel and temporal horizons to preserve a rural identity. • Rural young adults refocus their rural identity to align it with parallel aspirations. • Regional contexts matter in how rural identities are changed for future horizons. • Young adults can be considered as active participants in shaping their futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work of social workers - a comparison between Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands.
- Author
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Schell-Kiehl, Ines, Laurens, Melissa, Ketelaar, Nicole, Sommerfeld, Peter, Hess, Nadja, Bühler, Sarah, Meyer, Nikolaus, and Franz, Sebastian
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SOCIAL workers ,DIGITAL technology ,SOCIAL services ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHIATRIC social work ,SOCIAL status - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on everyone's life. Like many other professionals, social workers have been forced to adapt to these new working conditions and new challenges in order to support clients during the pandemic, as new needs have arisen. Together with professional associations from three nations (Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands), we used a coordinated approach to explore the consequences of the pandemic for social work professionals. This study was conducted during the most severe contact and hygiene restrictions of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the winter of 2020/2021. The data addresses the changes perceived by social work professionals in relation to their contact and communication with clients, the use of digital technology in the context of work, the professional response in terms of innovation, the working conditions and the psychosocial risks they face. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 7,241 social workers in Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands through online surveys. Results: The results show an increase in the workload of professional social workers and compounding problems of clients, together with a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on communication and contact with clients. All of this takes place within the framework of changing working conditions and contexts. Our data shows that the use of digital technologies does not cause bigger problems for most of the participating social workers. It should in fact be noted that professionals have many positive associations with the use of digital technology in general. Conclusions: There are both remarkable and alarming results concerning the mental health of social workers and their working conditions, as well as the position of the social work profession in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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22. Between "Medical" and "Social" Egg Freezing: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Frameworks in Austria, Germany, Israel, and the Netherlands.
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Rimon-Zarfaty, Nitzan, Kostenzer, Johanna, Sismuth, Lisa-Katharina, and de Bont, Antoinette
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OVUM ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PRACTICAL politics ,DOCUMENTATION ,COMPARATIVE studies ,TERMS & phrases ,HUMAN reproductive technology ,ENDOWMENTS ,POLICY sciences ,CRYOPRESERVATION of organs, tissues, etc. ,BIOETHICS - Abstract
Egg freezing has led to heated debates in healthcare policy and bioethics. A crucial issue in this context concerns the distinction between "medical" and "social" egg freezing (MEF and SEF)—contrasting objections to bio-medicalization with claims for oversimplification. Yet such categorization remains a criterion for regulation. This paper aims to explore the "regulatory boundary-work" around the "medical"–"social" distinction in different egg freezing regulations. Based on systematic documents' analysis we present a cross-national comparison of the way the "medical"–"social" differentiation finds expression in regulatory frameworks in Austria, Germany, Israel, and the Netherlands. Findings are organized along two emerging themes: (1) the definition of MEF and its distinctiveness—highlighting regulatory differences in the clarity of the definition and in the medical indications used for creating it (less clear in Austria and Germany, detailed in Israel and the Netherlands); and (2) hierarchy of medical over social motivations reflected in usage and funding regulations. Blurred demarcation lines between "medical" and "social" are further discussed as representing a paradoxical inclusion of SEF while offering new insights into the complexity and normativity of this distinction. Finally, we draw conclusions for policymaking and the bioethical debate, also concerning the related cryopolitical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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23. Innovation ecosystem strategies of industrial firms: A multilayered approach to alignment and strategic positioning.
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Visscher, Klaasjan, Hahn, Katrin, and Konrad, Kornelia
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TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INDUSTRIAL ecology ,VALUE proposition - Abstract
There is a growing interest in innovation ecosystems. Embedding innovation processes in ecosystems comes with several opportunities and managerial challenges. This paper's aim is to increase our understanding of the strategies that industrial firm managers use to deal with innovation ecosystems. How do they align partners and activities while securing and developing their role in the ecosystem? Drawing on 98 interviews with CEOs, CTOs and innovation managers in Germany and the Netherlands, we identify two layers in innovation ecosystems: an explorative layer, which is open and aimed at identifying opportunities for innovation, and an exploitative layer, which is semi‐closed and aimed at enacting these opportunities to create new value propositions for customers. We analyse how companies act upon these two layers productively, particularly in relation to alignment and strategic positioning; how they create synergies between the different layers; and how they cope with the existing tensions. Furthermore, we discuss differences in strategic choices regarding ecosystem strategies, and propose a maturity model for the development of innovation ecosystem strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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24. State-owned enterprises as foreign direct investors: insights from EU countries.
- Author
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Szarzec, Katarzyna, Nowara, Wanda, and Totleben, Bartosz
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FOREIGN investments ,GOVERNMENT business enterprises ,INVESTORS ,DOMESTIC markets ,COUNTRIES - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the scale of foreign direct investment made by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) registered in EU countries in other EU countries in 2017. We created a comprehensive dataset of all intra-EU SOEs' FDI, on the basis of micro-level data on foreign affiliates, which had hitherto been missing. The role of SOEs' FDI in the EU economy is relatively low. However, in terms of the home country, we observe a significant asymmetry. Almost 92% of SOE's foreign affiliates come from the old-EU members. French SOEs are most engaged in FDI activities within EU countries, followed by Germany and Italy. In post-socialist countries, SOEs still play an important role in the economy; however, their activities are concentrated in domestic markets. SOEs are substantial investors in foreign markets in the energy sector. The most attractive countries for investment by state-owned multinational companies are the United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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25. Learning to Learn in Mathematics: Two Fulbright Distinguished Awards in Teaching Fellows' Narratives
- Author
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Goldberg, Sabrina, Dean, Jana, and Portaankorva-Koivisto, Paivi
- Abstract
Two middle school educators earned a Fulbright Distinguished Award in Teaching fellowship. A Fulbright Finland Foundation inter-country travel grant provided the grantees with a unique opportunity to connect and collaborate at the University of Helsinki. Within this research, they described their inquiry experiences. The research included examining authentic student-centered learning continuums and phenomenon-based learning in Finland and teachers' adaptability in relation to meeting the needs of linguistically and culturally diverse math classrooms in the Netherlands. This paper summarizes how cross-cultural dialogues, classroom observations, and informal interviews with educators, students, and thought leaders informed each grantee's discovery of how student-centered learning is structured, delivered, and valued in Finland and the Netherlands. This article (1) describes how communication empowers middle school mathematics students, (2) analyzes the learning-to-learn framework, and (3) provides insights into how to utilize language diversity in a mathematics classroom.
- Published
- 2023
26. Should administrative costs in health insurance be included in the risk-equalization? An analysis of five countries.
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Douven, Rudy, Kauer, Lukas, Demme, Sylvia, Paolucci, Francesco, van de Ven, Wynand, Wasem, Jürgen, and Zhao, Xiaoxi
- Subjects
HEALTH insurance costs ,INSURANCE premiums ,INSURANCE costs ,HEALTH insurance - Abstract
Most countries that apply risk-equalization in their health insurance market(s) perform risk-equalization on medical claims but do not include other components of the insurance premium, such as administrative costs. Using fixed effects panel regressions from individual insurers in Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the US, we find evidence that health insurers with a high morbidity population on average have higher administrative costs. We argue that administrative costs should also be included in risk-equalization and we show that such equalization results in additional equalization payments nontrivial in size. Using examples from Germany and the US, we show how in practice policymakers can include administrative costs in risk-equalization. We are skeptical about applying risk-equalization to other components of the insurance premium, such as profits or costs related to solvency requirements of insurers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. More than accuracy: end-to-end wind power forecasting that optimises the energy system.
- Author
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Wahdany, Dariush, Schmitt, Carlo, and Cremer, Jochen L.
- Subjects
- *
WIND power , *WIND forecasting , *IMPLICIT functions , *WEATHER forecasting , *ELECTRICAL load - Abstract
Weather forecast models are essential for sustainable energy systems. However, forecast accuracy may not be the best metric for developing forecast models. A more or less conservative forecast may be preferred over pure accuracy. For example, forecasting accurately in times of energy-deprived situations may be more important than in times of excess wind power generation. This is not accounted for when learning a wind power forecast without system knowledge. Wind power forecasts directly impact system energy schedules. Therefore, to optimise system costs, our paper proposes a neural network structure for wind power forecasts directly considering varying energy system conditions. To train this neural network optimally, this paper models the system dispatch and their costs as an optimisation problem. Then, this paper connects the neural network with the optimisation model. In this connection, the implicit function theorem and the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions provide the system cost gradients during the training of the neurons. A case study using onshore and offshore weather data from Germany and The Netherlands showed forecast errors of system costs reduced by up to 10 % with high wind capacity. Wind curtailment was reduced by more than 20 % for individual cases but increased overall. Modified cases of the optimal power flow (OPF) with tighter line constraints led to a higher advantage of the proposed method. The approach led to more consistent forecast performance and reduced error variance by up to 70 %. • Neural networks for wind power forecasts considering varying energy system conditions • System dispatch and costs as an optimisation during the neural network training • The implicit function theorem and KKT conditions provide the system cost gradients • German and Dutch studies confirmed trained forecasts reduced system costs up to 10 % • More consistent forecast performance with reduced error variance by up to 70 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The diversity of social connectedness experiences among older migrants in Australia.
- Author
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Tran, Tran Le Nghi, Liu, Shuang, Gallois, Cindy, Haslam, Catherine, Jetten, Jolanda, and Dane, Sharon
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,ENGLISH language ,RESEARCH methodology ,SOCIAL networks ,CULTURAL pluralism ,INTERVIEWING ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,AUTOMOBILE driving ,THEMATIC analysis ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,ETHNIC groups ,OLD age - Abstract
This paper explores the social connectedness experiences among older migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in Australia. Data were collected via two rounds of semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic and cluster analysis. Participants were 40 migrants aged 66-91 years, of German, Dutch, Romanian, Chinese, and Vietnamese origin. They identified a range of factors affecting their social connectedness experiences: personal preferences, individual efforts to connect with others, English language proficiency, driving ability, and length of residence. Data analysis also revealed four groupings of experience: the isolated, family, ethnic community, and multicultural cluster. These patterns of connectedness were experienced differently across the ethnic groups. The findings suggest the benefits of providing culture-specific social connection opportunities to help older migrants to stay socially connected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Financial Cycles in Euro Area Economies: A Cross‐Country Perspective Using Wavelet Analysis*.
- Author
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Mandler, Martin and Scharnagl, Michael
- Subjects
EUROZONE ,HOME prices ,PRINCIPAL components analysis ,WAVELETS (Mathematics) ,EQUITY stake ,HOME ownership ,SPECTRAL element method - Abstract
We study the cross‐country dimension of financial cycles for six euro area countries using wavelet analysis. Estimated wavelet cohesions show that cycles in equity prices and interest rates display stronger synchronization across countries than real output cycles, whereas credit variables and house prices show lower cross‐country synchronization. We propose a wavelet‐based extension to the spectral envelope that is similar to a frequency‐based time‐varying principal component analysis. The country loadings show that, contrary to all other variables, cycles in loans to households and house prices in Germany and the Netherlands are negatively or less strongly correlated with the common cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The Greatest of the Small? The Netherlands, the New Hanseatic League and the Frugal Four.
- Author
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Verdun, Amy
- Subjects
FINANCIAL crises - Abstract
How has the Netherlands sought to influence the redesign of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) since the financial crisis? Based on the case studies of the 'New Hanseatic League' and the 'Frugal Four' this study finds, firstly, that the Netherlands chooses strategies of foot-dragging when initiatives are brought up to deepen integration when the Dutch prefer the status quo. Secondly, its strategy is more bargaining-based but at times also persuasion-based; the bargaining occurs in part because the Netherlands builds occasional alliances with like-minded member states to counterbalance the asymmetry of power between it and Germany. Finally, the Netherlands oscillates between trying to influence Germany directly and bypassing it by reaching out to like-minded member states on various dossiers and tempting them to declare their positions in advance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The Grandchildren of Immigrants in Western Europe: Patterns of Assimilation Among the Emerging Third Generation.
- Author
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Zhao, Linda and Drouhot, Lucas G.
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,SCHOOL environment ,STATISTICAL models ,ACCULTURATION ,GROUP identity ,STATISTICAL sampling ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,SOCIAL networks ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,FRIENDSHIP ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Migration scholars have long regarded the trajectory of the third generation as a critical test of assimilation; however, scholarship to date has been limited and largely focused on socioeconomic attainment. In this article, we rely on a large dataset of adolescent respondents in England, Germany, and the Netherlands to compare the second and third generations in terms of their social networks and cultural identities. The third generation shows stronger ties to the native fourth-plus generation alongside weaker ties to coethnics. We document comparable, albeit more moderate, dynamics of assimilation over generations in regard to national and ethnic identification, along with substantial variation by country of destination and ethnic origin group. Our results point to a dominant trend of assimilation at the third generation and suggest future challenges to provide a more durable assessment of postwar migration waves two generations after settlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Mapping and Characterization of Target-Site Resistance to Cyclic Ketoenol Insecticides in Cabbage Whiteflies, Aleyrodes proletella (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
- Author
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Müller, Viola, Maiwald, Frank, Lange, Gudrun, and Nauen, Ralf
- Subjects
INSECT growth regulators ,INSECTICIDES ,ALEYRODIDAE ,CABBAGE ,INSECT pests ,HEMIPTERA ,KALE - Abstract
Simple Summary: Cabbage whitefly (Aleyrodes proletella) is a destructive sucking insect pest of brassica crops, particularly white cabbage and kale. Its importance has been increased over the last decade in many geographic regions, particularly in European countries. The control of cabbage whiteflies largely relies on the application of synthetic insecticides to protect yield if populations reach economic damage thresholds. One class of insecticides to control this pest are cyclic ketoenols targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), an enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. In 2019, reduced efficacy of ketoenol insecticides at recommended label rates were reported. Subsequently, we collected field samples of A. proletella in different European countries and confirmed the presence of ketoenol resistance in laboratory bioassays. The resistance allele was shown to be an autosomal dominant trait in crossing experiments between susceptible and resistant individuals. RNA sequencing and subsequent analysis revealed a mutation, an amino acid substitution, at the ketoenol binding site in ACC. The mutation has been previously functionally validated to confer high levels of ketoenol insecticide resistance in cotton whiteflies, too. A molecular screening of 49 populations revealed the presence of the mutations in several countries. We recommend the implementation of resistance management strategies for sustainable cabbage whitefly control. Cabbage whitefly, Aleyrodes proletella L., is an invasive hemipteran pest of cruciferous plants, particularly field brassica crops. Its importance has been increased over the last decade, particularly in European countries. The control of cabbage whiteflies largely relies on the application of synthetic insecticides, including tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives such as spiromesifen and spirotetramat (cyclic ketoenol insecticides), acting as insect growth regulators targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). In 2019, reduced efficacy against cabbage whiteflies of ketoenol insecticides at recommended label rates has been reported. Subsequently we collected field samples of A. proletella in different European countries and confirmed the presence of ketoenol resistance in laboratory bioassays. Reciprocal crossing experiments revealed an autosomal dominant trait, i.e., heterozygotes express a fully resistant phenotype. Transcriptome sequencing and assembly of ACC variants from resistant strains revealed the presence of an ACC target-site mutation, A2083V, as previously described and functionally validated in Bemisia tabaci (A2084V in A. proletella). Next, we employed a molecular genotyping assay to investigate the geographic spread of resistance and analyzed 49 populations collected in eight European countries. Resistance allele frequency was highest in the Netherlands, followed by Germany. Finally, we provide a proposal for the implementation of appropriate resistance management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Educational Use of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS): International Development and Its Implications for Higher Education
- Author
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Duan, Chenggui and Lee, Tracy K.
- Abstract
Purpose: Free and open-source software (FOSS) has been used worldwide because of the advantages of user control, cost-saving, flexibility, openness, freedom, more security and better stability. The purpose of this study is to explore the status quo of educational application of FOSS and the trends from international perspectives and its implications for higher education in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach: The method of cluster analysis was used in this study. The Web of Science database was used as the data source and all relevant literature for the year 2010-2020 on the theme of "FOSS" was collected for analysis. The information visualization software CiteSpace was used for citation visualization analysis, revealing the research results of FOSS worldwide, including hot spots and development trends. Findings: This paper found that FOSS has become an important research area and is playing an important role in the reform and development of education. Meanwhile, the development and application of FOSS have regional imbalances and strong differentiation, including the educational sector. The paper also found that although FOSS has entered the stage of interdisciplinary development, the research and development of FOSS in the field of education is insufficient, which poses a huge challenge to decision-makers, teachers and students. Originality/value: Implications for higher education in Hong Kong including: attach importance to and vigorously promote FOSS research and practice to benefit more teachers and students; teachers and students need to be trained for acquiring the awareness and skills of FOSS applications and formulate different strategies; the government should provide greater support to formulate and implement a short and middle-term development plan to facilitate the application of FOSS; and Hong Kong higher education institutions may strengthen exchanges and cooperation with counterparts around the world to jointly promote the development of FOSS. It is hoped that the findings will provide a reference for the study and application of FOSS in higher education in Hong Kong.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Towards a European Framework for Community Engagement in Higher Education -- A Case Study Analysis of European Universities
- Author
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O'Brien, Emma, Culum Ilic, Bojana, Veidemane, Anete, Dusi, Davide, Farnell, Thomas, and Šcukanec Schmidt, Ninoslav
- Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to examine the development and piloting of a novel European framework for community engagement (CE) in higher education, which has been purposefully designed to progress the CE agenda in a European context. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed framework was co-created through the European Union (EU)-funded project towards a European framework for community engagement in higher education (TEFCE). The TEFCE Toolbox is an institutional self-reflection framework that centres on seven thematic dimensions of CE. This paper follows the development of the TEFCE Toolbox through empirical case study analysis of four European universities and their local communities. Findings: The findings in this paper indicate that the TEFCE Toolbox facilitates context-specific applications in different types of universities and socioeconomic environments. Incorporating insights from engagement practitioners, students and community representatives the TEFCE Toolbox was successfully applied in universities with diverse profiles and missions. The process facilitated the recognition of CE achievements and the identification of potential areas for improvement. Originality/value: Despite a range of international initiatives, there remains an absence of initiatives within the European higher education area that focus on developing tools to comprehensively support CE. The TEFCE Toolbox and case-study analysis presented in this paper address this gap in knowledge. The broader societal contribution and social responsibility of higher education have become increasingly prominent on the European agenda. The TEFCE Toolbox represents an innovative, robust and holistic European framework with the potential to support universities in reflecting upon their pursuit of addressing grand societal challenges, whilst promoting CE.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Knowledge Mapping of Skills Mismatch Phenomenon: A Scientometric Analysis
- Author
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Draissi, Zineb, Zhanyong, Qi, and Raguindin, Princess Zarla Jurado
- Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to understand the development track of skills mismatch research and discover the hidden internal connections between literature. Design/methodology/approach: The authors gathered data through scientometric quantitative analysis using CiteSpace. Specifically, this article applied basic analysis, journal cocitation analysis (JCA), author cocitation analysis (ACA) and document cocitation analysis (DCA), cluster analysis, citation burstness detection, scientific research cooperation analysis and coconcurrence analysis of keywords of 3,125 documents from Web of Science core collections for the period 2000-2020. Findings: Through the document cocitation analysis and the keywords' co-occurrence, this article identifies influential scholars, documents, research institutions, journals and research hotspots in research on the skills mismatch phenomenon. The results showed that the publications had ballooned, and the phenomenon has become an interdisciplinary research subject. The USA and Finland remain the main contributors, which is attributed to their high-yield institutions such as the University of Helsinki, the University of Witwatersrand, the University of Washington and so on. While the African continent lacks research on skills mismatch even with the continent's effort to overcome such a crucial issue. The paper presents an in-depth analysis of skills and educational mismatch issues to better understand the evolutionary trajectory of the collective knowledge over the past 20 years and highlight the areas of active pursuit. Research limitations/implications: The authors only used Web of Science core collection to collect data; however, they can added Scopus indexed database as well to extend the research trends and explore more new research hot topics to solve the skills mismatch phenomenon. Originality/value: The scientometric analysis is of great significance for identifying the potential relationship between the literature and investigating the knowledge evolution of skills mismatch research. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Labor Organization and the World Health Organization are the giants who are mostly concerned of the mismatch skills phenomenon. Researchers can refer to this study to understand the status quo, gaps and research trends to deal with the skills mismatch issue.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Does technology innovation complement the renewable energy transition?
- Author
-
Khan K and Su CW
- Subjects
- Fossil Fuels, Germany, Netherlands, Carbon Dioxide analysis, Economic Development, Inventions, Renewable Energy
- Abstract
The study assesses the relationship between technology innovation and renewable energy in the G10 countries. According to the findings, technology innovation has a significant impact on renewable energy in various countries, including Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, and the USA. It argues that technological innovation is one of the most important elements in renewable energy in these countries because of their strong innovative base and huge spending on research and development. However, the results for the remaining countries show no causation from technology innovation to renewable energy, implying that variables other than technology innovation drive renewable energy development. On the other hand, renewable energy does Granger cause technology innovation in Germany, the Netherlands, and the USA. These countries need to invest in implementation instead of spending on the existing infrastructure. Furthermore, the increased dependence on fossil fuels and nuclear energy may leave renewables undeveloped, with less emphasis on renewable-technology diffusion., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Transforming Transformative Agreements.
- Author
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Inchcoombe, Steven, Winter, Susie, Lucraft, Mithu, and Baker, Katie
- Subjects
- *
INDIVIDUAL needs - Abstract
Springer Nature (as Springer) signed its first transformative read and publish agreement in 2015. This Springer compact agreement with VSNU (Association of Universities in the Netherlands) was the first agreement of its kind to combine reading and publishing fees with the aim of transitioning traditional library subscription payments into central funding to support open access (OA) publishing. It has proved to be a pivotal moment in the transition to OA. Since then, Springer Nature has agreed many such national agreements all around the world, including the world's largest with Projekt DEAL in Germany. Through a series of case studies, this article will examine the role these agreements have played in facilitating the transition to OA – to bring centralized funding for OA – and analyse how their nature and characteristics have evolved and adapted to reflect the differing needs of individual customers, as well as changing views. The paper will also consider the challenges faced by publishers, institutions, and funders in agreeing transformative agreements, consider how these 'blockers' can be overcome, and evaluate the future role of transformative agreements as a critical precursor to achieving open science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Financial adjustment as a driver of growth model change: a balance-sheet approach to comparative political economy.
- Author
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Spielberger, Lukas and Voss, Dustin
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE method ,FINANCIAL crises ,ECONOMIC indicators ,GREAT Recession, 2008-2013 ,MODEL theory - Abstract
Growth model theory has turned the focus of comparative political economy scholars on the demand drivers of economic growth. But while its proponents emphasize the variety and inherent instability of growth models, research so far has been more concerned with the emergence and coherence of stable growth models than in the process of change. We argue that growth model change can be understood as a process of financial rebalancing on the level of institutional sectors. When an overindebted sector is forced to deleverage, a politically contested process emerges over the path of adjustment. We derive various ways in which each sector can contribute to this process of financial adjustment, which we conceptualize as the activation of macroeconomic 'compensation valves'. This process shapes the trajectory of economic performance during financial crisis and determines whether a new feasible growth model can emerge in its aftermath. We apply our analytical lens in a comparative case study of Germany and the Netherlands during the Great Recession. We conclude that future research on growth models should more explicitly problematize the ability of political economies to adapt to financial instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The Development and Validation of an Intercultural Nursing Educator Profile Using the Delphi Method.
- Author
-
Gradellini, Cinzia, Pretorius, Marilize, Vermeiren, Sofie, Schärli-Lim, Susan, Bønløkke, Mette, and Lorenzo, Elena de
- Subjects
NURSING education ,MEDICAL quality control ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,NURSING ,HEALTH services accessibility ,NURSES' attitudes ,NURSE educators ,RESEARCH methodology ,TRANSCULTURAL nursing ,HUMAN services programs ,CULTURAL competence ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,NURSING ethics ,DELPHI method ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
Introduction: Educators require focused training to foster the development of intercultural competence in nurses. Training programs for educators need to be based on a comprehensive profile with a focus on intercultural learning. This study aims to define and validate a profile of the Intercultural Nursing Educator (INE). Method: The Delphi method was used with an iterative, multi-stage process to transform opinions into group consensus. A total of 46 European, African, and American experts from the nursing and intercultural field participated. Inclusion criteria required English at a level of B2, expertise in the field of intercultural competence, experience in teaching intercultural competence in the nursing context, and publications focused on intercultural topics. Results: The INE profile was developed and all 126 competencies were validated. Discussion and conclusion: The profile is freely available on the project website and provides the basis for curricula, training programs and assessment of the required competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The impact of interpersonal reporting heterogeneity on cross-country differences in Healthy Life Years in Europe.
- Author
-
Luy, Marc, Giulio, Paola Di, and Minagawa, Yuka
- Subjects
SELF-evaluation ,FUNCTIONAL status ,HEALTH status indicators ,HEALTH expectancy ,POPULATION geography ,PHYSICAL activity ,DIFFERENTIAL item functioning (Research bias) ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Background The European Union has used Healthy Life Years (HLY) as an indicator to monitor the health of its aging populations. Scholarly and popular interest in HLY across countries has grown, particularly regarding the ranking of countries. It is important to note that HLY is based on self-assessments of activity limitations, raising the possibility that it might be influenced by differences in health reporting behaviours between populations, a phenomenon known as differential item functioning (DIF). Methods We estimated DIF-adjusted HLY at age 50 for Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and Sweden to determine the extent to which differences in HLY might be influenced by reporting heterogeneity across countries. We used anchoring vignettes, taken from the 2004 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, to estimate DIF-adjusted prevalence rates of activity limitations measured by the Global Activity Limitations Indicator (GALI). The Sullivan method was used to calculate DIF-adjusted HLY. Results Changes in HLY before and after adjustment ranged from a 1.20-year decrease for men in Italy to a 1.61-year increase for women in Spain. Adjustment for DIF produced changes in the rankings of the countries by HLY, with upward and downward movements of up to three positions. Conclusion Our results show that DIF is likely to affect HLY estimates, thereby posing a challenge to the validity of comparisons of HLY across European countries. The findings suggest that HLY should be used to monitor population health status within a country, rather than to make comparisons across countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Global Research Capacity Building among Academic Researchers
- Author
-
Ewelina K. Niemczyk
- Abstract
Although concepts such as research without borders have become more commonplace in recent decades, few studies have investigated the capabilities that global researchers require to cross both cultural and disciplinary borders. This paper explores global capabilities along with strategies and spaces that may facilitate academic researchers' acquisition and development of global research competence. The study's dataset comprises responses of 26 participants across 15 countries -- all of whom are members of a specific comparative education society -- who contributed their views via e-questionnaire. Findings indicate that research capacity building is a dynamic process and global competence calls for complex skills and conscious attitudes. Commitment to expand scientific curiosity beyond one's own culture and academic discipline appears to be a main criterion in achieving global competence. Results of this study are not meant to be prescriptive but rather exploratory and informative for a broad group of academic stakeholders.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Sustaining Collective Action in Urban Community Gardens.
- Author
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Feinberg, Arthur, Rogge, Nicole, Hooijschuur, Elena, Ghorbani, Amineh, and Herder, Paulien
- Subjects
COMMUNITY gardens ,URBAN gardens ,URBAN gardening ,THEORY of reasoned action ,COLLECTIVE action ,URBAN agriculture ,COMMUNITY involvement - Abstract
This paper presents an agent-based model that explores the conditions for ongoing participation in community gardening projects. We test the effects of Ostrom's well-known Design Principles for collective action and use an extensive database collected in 123 cases in Germany and two case studies in the Netherlands to validate it. The model uses the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and integrates decision mechanisms derived from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). This allows the analysis of volunteer participation in urban community gardens over time, based on the garden's institutions (Design Principles) and the volunteer's intention to join gardening. This intention is influenced by the volunteer's expectations and past experiences in the garden (TRA). We find that not all Design Principles lead to higher levels of participation but rather, participation depends on specific combinations of the Design Principles. We highlight the need to update the assumption about sanctioning in such systems: sanctioning is not always beneficial, and may be counter-productive in certain contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Teaching of Topology and Its Applications in Learning: A Bibliometric Meta-Analysis of the Last Years from the Scopus Database
- Author
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Vizcaíno, Diego, Vargas, Victor, and Huertas, Adriana
- Abstract
In this work, a bibliometric analysis of the investigations of the last 54 years focused on the teaching of topology and its applications in the learning of other areas of knowledge was carried out. The articles that appear in the SCOPUS database were taken into account under the search criteria of the words topology and teaching, connected with the Boolean expression AND in the search field ABS. As a result, 329 articles were obtained which, based on the PRISMA methodology, were reduced to 74 papers. In them publication trends, impact of publications, citation frequencies, among others, were compared. In addition, its use was identified for learning topology at different levels of training, areas of knowledge where this discipline is most applied and strategies used to teach these applications.
- Published
- 2023
44. An examination of nest-building behaviour using five different nesting materials in C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice.
- Author
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Obermueller, B., Castellani, C., Till, H., Reininger-Gutmann, B., and Singer, G.
- Subjects
NEST building ,MICE ,LABORATORY mice ,MATERIALS testing ,LABORATORY animals ,CONSTRUCTION materials ,ANIMAL welfare - Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the nest-building behaviour of two mouse (Mus musculus) strains using different nesting materials and examine possible sex- and housing-specific effects. Adult mice of two strains (C57BL/6J; n = 64 and BALB/cAnNCrl; n = 99) were randomly allocated to the following housing groups: single-housed male, single-housed female, pair-housed male and pair-housed female. One of the following nest-building materials was placed in each home-cage in a random order: nestlets (Plexx BV, The Netherlands), cocoons (Carfil, Belgium), wooden wool, crinklets and compact (all three, Safe, Germany). The following day, nests were rated applying a nest-scoring scale ranging from 0 to 10, the nests were removed, and a different nest-building material provided. In both tested strains, nestlets achieved the highest nest-building scores when compared to the other four nest-building materials. All nest-building materials scored higher in BALB/c mice compared to C57BL/6J animals reaching statistical significance in crinklets only. Sex comparison revealed that female C57BL/6J mice only scored significantly higher using crinklets than males and BALB/c female mice were rated significantly higher using wooden wool, cocoons and compact than their male counterparts. While pair-housed C57BL/6J animals built higher-rated nests than single-housed mice in the C57BL/6J strain in all five materials tested, the scores were not significantly different in the BALB/c strain. Results of the present study reveal significant strain-, sex- and housing-related influences on the complexity of nests using different standardised building materials. Such observations need to be taken into account when planning the optimal enrichment programme for laboratory animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Banning boilers: An analysis of existing regulations to phase out fossil fuel heating in the EU.
- Author
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Braungardt, Sibylle, Tezak, Benedikt, Rosenow, Jan, and Bürger, Veit
- Subjects
- *
FOSSIL fuels , *CLIMATE change , *BOILERS , *ENERGY consumption , *FUEL switching , *ENERGY policy - Abstract
In view of the current geopolitical situation, the EU and its Member States are accelerating efforts to reduce their dependency on fossil fuel imports, while simultaneously tackling the climate crisis. With heating in buildings accounting for a large share of the energy consumption in the EU, policies to phase-out fossil fuels for heating and to switch to renewables are key elements. In the context of the proposed actions to phase-out fossil fuels at EU level, this article provides a systematic analysis of current and planned phase-out regulations for fossil fuel boilers in the EU Member States. The paper quantifies the share of energy consumption for heating that is addressed by such regulations and finds that the current regulations only address about 10% of the total fossil energy consumption for heating in the EU. The share increases to almost 30% when considering the planned regulations, reflecting the fact that large energy consumers such as Germany and the Netherlands have announced such regulations. The analysis shows that several Member States with high energy consumption for heating have neither implemented nor announced plans to introduce phase-out regulations for fossil fuel heating. The study concludes that immediate policy action is needed both at EU and at Member State levels. At EU level, the proposed introduction of an end-date for stand-alone fossil fuel boilers needs to be substantiated and implemented into the legislative framework. At the national level, phase-out regulations for fossil fuel boilers need to be expanded both in quantity and scope. [Display omitted] • Systematic analysis of phase-out regulations for fossil fuel boilers in the EU. • Only 10% of the EU fossil energy used for heating is covered by phase-out regulations. • Including planned regulations, the share of heating energy covered by phase-out regulations increases to almost 30%. • Comparison of different approaches for implementing regulations for phasing out fossil fuel boilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Internet Use and Perceived Parental Involvement among Adolescents from Lower Socioeconomic Groups in Europe: An Exploration.
- Author
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Willems, Roy A., Smith, Peter K., Culbert, Catherine, Purdy, Noel, Hamilton, Jayne, Völlink, Trijntje, Scheithauer, Herbert, Fiedler, Nora, Brighi, Antonella, Menin, Damiano, Mameli, Consuelo, and Guarini, Annalisa
- Subjects
HIGH schools ,RESEARCH ,INTERNET addiction in adolescence ,SOCIAL media ,PARENTING ,SURVEYS ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL classes ,COMMUNICATION ,RESEARCH funding ,METROPOLITAN areas - Abstract
Internet usage is a salient developmental factor in adolescents' lives. Although relevant correlates of Internet use have been documented earlier, there is a lack of information on lower socioeconomic status groups. This is important, as these adolescents have increased risk of negative online experiences. The current survey aimed to explore Internet use and parental involvement amongst adolescents from areas of socio-economic disadvantage in 30 urban schools across five European countries. A total of 2594 students participated, of whom 90% were 14–16 years. Virtually all adolescents of socioeconomic disadvantage had Internet access, with 88.5% reporting spending more than two hours per day online, often on apps such as Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube. Almost one-third of adolescents did not talk with their parents about their Internet use and almost two-thirds indicated that their parents were only a little or not interested in their Internet use. A consistent finding across countries was that girls more often talked with their parents about their Internet use and more often reported that their parents were interested in their Internet use than boys. The results suggest that parents have an important task in explicitly showing interest in their adolescents' Internet use, with special attention needed for boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Electoral system preferences of citizens compared: evidence from a conjoint experiment in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
- Author
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Linhart, Eric, Jankowski, Michael, and Tepe, Markus
- Subjects
CITIZENS ,POLITICAL succession - Abstract
Electoral systems fulfill different functions. Typically, they cannot meet all demands at the same time, so that the evaluation of specific electoral systems depends on subjective preferences about the single demands. We argue that it is the electorate which transfers its power to representatives and, therefore, its preferences should be considered in debates about electoral systems. Consequently, our contribution presents results of citizens' demands regarding electoral system attributes. Specifically, we rely on a large-scale conjoint experiment conducted in Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK in which subjects were asked to choose between two electoral systems which randomly differed on a set of attributes referring to electoral systems' core functions. Our results show that all core functions are generally of importance for the respondents but reveal a higher preference for proportional electoral systems. These preferences are largely stable for citizens in different countries but also for other subgroups of subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The Development of a Secure Internet Protocol (IP) Network Based on Asterisk Private Branch Exchange (PBX).
- Author
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Yakubova, Mubarak, Manankova, Olga, Mukasheva, Assel, Baikenov, Alimzhan, and Serikov, Tansaule
- Subjects
INTERNET protocols ,IP networks ,COMPUTER networks ,COMPUTER network security ,SECURE Sockets Layer (Computer network protocol) ,COMMUNICATION infrastructure - Abstract
The research problem described in this article is related to the security of an IP network that is set up between two cities using hosting. The network is used for transmitting telephone traffic between servers located in Germany and the Netherlands. The concern is that with the increasing adoption of IP telephony worldwide, the network might be vulnerable to hacking and unauthorized access, posing a threat to the privacy and security of the transmitted information. This article proposes a solution to address the security concerns of the IP network. After conducting an experiment and establishing a connection between the two servers using the WireShark sniffer, a dump of real traffic between the servers was obtained. Upon analysis, a vulnerability in the network was identified, which could potentially be exploited by malicious actors. To enhance the security of the network, this article suggests the implementation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. TLS is a cryptographic protocol that provides secure communication over a computer network, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity during transmission. Integrating TLS into the network infrastructure, will protect the telephone traffic and prevent unauthorized access and eavesdropping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Evaluation of Digital Skills Development Policies with the Examples of Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany.
- Author
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KOCA, Didem
- Subjects
DIGITAL transformation ,DIGITAL technology ,SOCIAL acceptance ,CITIZENS ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Future of WORK.
- Author
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Jacobs, Karen
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL safety ,SERIAL publications ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
An introduction is presented in which the author discusses articles within the issue on topics including employers' attitudes, intention, skills and barriers in relation to employment of vulnerable workers, women representation in corporate boards and role of yoga in working from home during the COVID-19 global lockdown.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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