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This randomized controlled trial investigates the impact of four demand-side interventions on health screening for diabetes and hypertension among Armenian adults. The interventions are 1) personalized invitations from a physician, 2) personalized invitations with information about peer screening behavior, 3) personalized invitations with a labeled but unconditional financial incentive, and 4) personal invitations with a conditional financial incentive. Compared with the control group, interventions 1 to 3 led to a significant increase in the screening rate of about 15 percentage points for diabetes and hypertension. The highest impact was measured for intervention 4 leading to a 31.2 percentage point increase in both screenings. • Personal invitations increased screening for diabetes and hypertension in Armenia. • Peer information and unconditional incentives did not augment the invitation impact. • Incentives conditional on screening doubled the impact. • Conditional incentives were more expensive to implement. • Personal invitations alone and with conditional incentives were equally cost-effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]