Search

Driven by national policies and international competitions, China's winter sports and industry development will enter a new course. How to release the enormous potential skiing demand in China is significant to drive 300 million people to participate in winter sports and promote the development of China's ice and snow industry, and defining the restrictive factors is a necessary prerequisite to realise the effective transformation of potential demand to actual growth power. Based on the in-depth information, this paper further analyses the influence of environmental factors on the development of winter sports. The research shows that the number of skiers about 20 times is the highest, up to 75.5 %, followed by the number of skiers about five times, up to 67.4 %. Then about ten times accounted for 48.6 %, and finally, about 15 times accounted for 37.6 %. This frequency can fully satisfy skiing enthusiasts to enjoy leisure activities, experience modern life fashion, use skiing to increase social opportunities, delight body and mind, and improve health. Based on the in-depth information, this paper reveals the shortcomings and existing environmental factors of China's winter sports development. It provides a reference for the rational utilisation and development of ice and snow resources and the scientific and practical development of China's winter sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realization of freshwater ecosystem services value plays a vital role in the survival of human beings and the sustainable development of fisheries, and this process is inseparable from the support of consumers. This paper decomposes freshwater ecosystem services in multiple dimensions. From the perspective of consumers' willingness to pay for ecosystem services, using the survey data of 821 consumers in China, the influence of various dimensions of freshwater ecosystem services on consumers' willingness is explored by the structural equation model. The results show that: (1) consumers already have a certain awareness of freshwater ecosystem services, but the proportion of consumers willing to pay extra for them is not high; (2) the individual characteristics (age, gender, education, and income) affect consumers' willingness to pay for freshwater ecosystem services value, but the impact degree is not high; (3) regulating, cultural, and provisional servers functions of freshwater ecosystem services significantly affect consumers' willingness to pay, especially freshwater ecosystem services' role on regulating carbon emissions, controlling algal biomass, enhancing local fishery culture and improving leisure and leisure entertainment services. This study is helpful to deeply understand consumers' willingness to pay for various dimensions of freshwater ecosystem services and provide more targeted and detailed guidance for realizing it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Family leisure activities have been gaining increasing attention in recent years. This study aims to identify the characteristics of family leisure involvement among adult workers in urban China, explore the relationship between family leisure and leisure satisfaction, and further analyse the possible interrelationship between core and balance family leisure activities. Paper-and-pencil questionnaire surveys of activity diaries were collected from 519 residents of Zhongshan, a prefecture-level city in China. Linear regression analysis suggested that balance family leisure activities were not associated with individual leisure satisfaction, while core family leisure had a negative impact. Core family leisure also moderated the relationship between balance family leisure and personal leisure satisfaction. A moderate amount of core family leisure combined with balance family leisure increased leisure satisfaction. This study contributes to the core and balance theory of family leisure functioning by exploring the interrelationship between the two types of family leisure activities in a non-Western context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTourism consumption is vital in expanding domestic demand and stimulating economic growth. In China, the urban-rural dual structure is more prominent in the tourism industry, and the potential of tourism consumption in rural areas needs further release. The development of the digital economy provides a new path to promote rural residents’ tourism consumption. Based on the data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2016, 2018, and 2020, this paper explores the specific impact of the digital economy on rural tourism consumption. The results show that the digital economy is conducive to promoting rural tourism consumption, and income structure is an important influence mechanism. The digital economy can promote rural tourism consumption by increasing wage income. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital economy significantly promotes tourism consumption in rural households with sufficient leisure time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of resource ecological compensation, this paper proposed a model of resource ecological compensation mechanism based on a rural leisure sports environment. The model is carried out in many places in China. The survey data involves 31 provinces, 10 years, and 43 indicators, with a total of 43 × 10 × 31 = 13,330 data. The preliminary basis of mechanism construction is summarized from four aspects. Finally, make full use of modern information technology to improve the network platform of the compensation mechanism, promote the efficient allocation and comprehensive utilization of ecotourism resources, and lay a solid foundation for establishing a reasonable and perfect resource ecological compensation mechanism and ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the mechanism. Through the experiment, it is found that the timely and effective publication of information can eliminate the inner estrangement between the two sides, so as to make the behavior of both sides more rational. A special information feedback department is established to deal with the opinions put forward by all compensation parties in tourism development, extract effective information, summarize and publish reasonable guidance information, and guide the compensation of both sides to an ideal balance through the feedback of this information. The effectiveness of the experiment is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of professional talents in leisure sports in China started late and has a weak foundation. Compared with developed countries in leisure sports, there is still a big gap in terms of curriculum setting and training direction. Urban residents have differences in the choice of leisure sports, leisure purpose, and understanding of leisure concepts due to factors such as age, gender, education, and occupation. This research mainly discusses the training mode of leisure sports talents under the background of rural revitalization strategy. Combined with the research on the leisure sports industry and high-quality development, this paper clarifies the connotation of the high-quality development of the leisure sports industry and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of the leisure sports industry. Over time, leisure has become an important symbol of social development and an important field closely related to the quality of life of each person. As a part of rural space, rural sports space is the main material carrier and foundation of rural residents' leisure sports activities. This paper mainly makes an in-depth investigation and research from two aspects: the status quo of rural leisure sports activities and the talent demand of some leisure sports venues. It makes specific classification standards for the types and specifications of leisure sports professionals required by leisure sports venues. This provides a scientific basis for the cultivation of leisure sports professionals. First, the article analyzes the research background and puts forward the research significance. It analyzes the research status of scholars on the leisure sports industry, high-quality development, and high-quality development of the leisure sports industry. Secondly, this paper clarifies the research content, research methods, and technical route of the research basis for the high-quality development of the leisure sports industry. It conducts conceptual discussions on the leisure sports industry and high-quality development. It adopts the grounded theory to construct a model of factors influencing the high-quality development of the leisure sports industry. It also analyzes its action mechanism from three aspects: the core industry system layer, the industry supporting factors, and the external environment system layer. During the survey, 84.4% of them believed that professionals in leisure sports should have a bachelor's degree. The quality of rural sports space directly affects the breadth, depth, enthusiasm, and effectiveness of residents' participation in leisure sports activities. This research is helpful to deepen the urban and rural sports governance and optimize the management system. It is necessary to investigate and analyze the supply quality of rural leisure sports space and propose countermeasures for the integration and layout of rural leisure sports space. The ultimate goal is to build a leisure sports space optimization development model that meets the leisure sports needs of rural residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livable environment and ways, as the necessary conditions for the elderly to enjoy their old age, have a significant impact on their mental health and happiness. It's crucial to understand how living arrangements affect depressive symptoms in China. Studies on how various leisure activities modify this association are yet limited. This study relies on panel data derived from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), collected during waves spanning 2008/2009, 2011/2012, 2014, and 2018. The primary objective is to examine the relationship between living arrangements, leisure activities, and depressive symptoms of elderly individuals. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the data. A total of 26,342 observations aged 65 and over were included in this paper. Older adults living alone (β = 0.66, 95 % CI: 0.55, 0.76) or living in institutions (β = 0.69, 95 % CI: 0.40, 0.98) had more depressive symptoms than those living with family. Leisure activities were negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β = −0.16, 95 % CI: −0.18, −0.15). Moreover, there was significant interactions between living arrangements and leisure activities. No matter which kind of living arrangements, participating in physical, productive or social activity was associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms. Study design might introduce bias, and it cannot establish causality between the tested variables. Older adults living alone or in institutions have more possibility to develop depressive symptoms than those living with family, and such a relationship among Chinese older adults can be moderated by participating in leisure activities. • Older adults living alone or in institutions had more depressive symptoms than those living with family. • Participation in leisure activities showed a negative association with depressive symptoms. • There were significant interactions between living arrangements and leisure activities. • Whatever the life arrangements, participating in leisure activities was related to a lower risk of depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural tourism development has been an essential driving force behind China's promotion of integrated urban–rural development, sustainable rural development and rural revitalization in the new era. This study included 1470 villages on the national list of beautiful leisure villages in China (BLVCs) from 2010 to 2021. We explored the distribution characteristics and influencing factors based on mathematical statistics and spatial analysis in ArcGIS to provide a theoretical reference for promoting the development of leisure village agriculture and rural tourism. The results show that the distribution of BLVC presents a clustered state, showing a distribution pattern of a dual core, seven centers and multiple scattered points. BLVCs are mainly distributed in areas with flat terrain and sufficient water resources, which are conducive to agricultural production and life. Having convenient transportation and rich tourism resources aids the promotion of rural tourism development. The resulting gap in regional development is balanced to some extent by government support. The research results provide a reference value for future rural spatial optimization and sustainable development. This paper summarizes the law of rural development and clarifies the factors influencing the development of rural tourism, and it provides the Chinese experience as a model for a rural renaissance empowered by rural tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To explore the relationship among leisure motivation, barriers, attitude and satisfaction of middle school students in Chengdu, Sichuan, to help students establish a positive leisure attitude and provide a reference for youth leisure counseling. Methods: Based on consulting research literature, this paper designs a survey volume of teenagers' leisure motivation, barriers, attitude, and satisfaction; 2249 valid questionnaires of middle school students in Chengdu were obtained by stratified random sampling. The data were statistically processed by the combination of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: (1) There are significant positive correlation effects between leisure motivation and leisure attitude, leisure attitude and leisure satisfaction, and leisure motivation and leisure satisfaction; (2) There is a low degree of positive correlation effect (r = 0.35 *) between leisure barriers and leisure motivation, which is contrary to common sense and needs to be further studied in the follow-up; (3) Leisure barriers has no significant direct impact on leisure satisfaction, but it can have a significant negative impact on leisure satisfaction with the intermediary variable of leisure attitude; (4) Leisure motivation is the most important variable in the whole leisure model structure. It not only has the greatest direct impact on leisure satisfaction but also has a great positive impact on leisure satisfaction through the intermediary of leisure attitude. Conclusion: Adolescent leisure motivation, barriers, attitude, and satisfaction are complementary and interdependent. Among them, leisure motivation is the core variable and leisure attitude is the dual intermediary variable. Through the initiation of leisure motivation, helping adolescents establish a positive leisure attitude may be the key to ensure their leisure satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie is the property of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mandatory 10-minute break on the basic education school schedule in China is intended to help students relieve fatigue and pressure and refresh their minds and bodies between lessons. However, instructional activities have often taken precedence over its intended purpose. This article described the current state of break time deprivation among Chinese basic education students and analyzed its causes, with a view to arousing more attention to the protection of the right of the student to rest and leisure activities at school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of social support factors with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older people in Fuwen village. A cross-sectional study included 523 randomly selected elderly people (60+ years) whose LTPA levels were determined using the shortened version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S). A modified version of the Physical Activity Social Support Scale (PASSS) was operated to gather perceived scores of the social support factors. A multivariate linear regression was performed to locate associations of perceived scores of social supports with leisure-time walking (LTW) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The results indicated that social support from family was positively and significantly related to LTW and MVPA in both models. The community factor was positively and significantly correlated with MVPA in both models. The sport club factor was related to LTW and MVPA to some extent. The results suggest that social support from family is the most important motivator for older people's LTW and MVPA in the village of Fuwen. Social support from the community is the motivator for older people's MVPA. The sport club factor has some effects on older people's LTW and MVPA as well. More future studies are needed to extend the database of the relationship between social support and rural older people's physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gender differences in problematic Internet use (PIU) have long been discussed. However, whether and how female and male adolescents differ in central symptoms and symptom associations are not fully understood. Methods: As a national survey in the Chinese mainland, 4884 adolescents (51.6% females; Mage = 13.83 ± 2.41) participated in the present study. This study applies network analysis to identify central symptoms of PIU networks in female and male adolescents and compares whether and how global and local connectivity of PIU networks differ by gender. Results: Female and male network structures of PIU were different and global strength was stronger in males than females, indicating a higher risk of chronicity of PIU among male adolescents. Specifically, "Reluctant to turn off Internet" exerted the largest effect on both genders. "Increase time online to achieve satisfaction" and "Feel depressed once not online for a while" were particularly critical to female and male adolescents, respectively. Moreover, females scored higher centralities in social withdrawal symptoms and males did so in interpersonal conflicts owing to PIU. Conclusions: These findings provide novel insights into gender differential risks and features of adolescent PIU. Differences in the core symptoms of PIU suggest that gender-specific interventions focusing on core symptoms might effectively relieve PIU and maximize treatment effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder. Although Internet use has been associated with depression, there is limited data on the association between smartphone use and depressive symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between smartphone use and depressive symptoms among older individuals in China. Methods: 5,244 Chinese older individuals over the age of 60 were selected as the sample from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) 2018 dataset. The dependent variable "depression symptoms" was measured using the 9-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. The study employed multiple linear regression to investigate the relationship between smartphone use (independent variable) and depressive symptoms in older people. Thorough analyses of robustness, sensitivity, and heterogeneity were conducted to ensure the robustness and sensitivity of the findings. Additionally, mediating effect analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism through which the dependent and independent variables were related. Results: Empirical study indicated that smartphone use had a negative impact on depressive symptoms among older adults, specifically leading to a reduction in such symptoms. The above-mentioned result was verified through endogenous and robustness tests. The heterogeneity analysis revealed that older individuals aged 70 years and above, male, and residing in urban areas exhibited a stronger association between smartphone use and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the mediating effect model indicated that political participation, voluntary participation, and active leisure participation mediated the relationship between smartphone use and lower levels of depression symptoms among the older adults. However, passive leisure participation had a suppressing effect on the relationship between smartphone use and reduced depressive symptoms among the older adults. Limitations: The causal relationship between variables required further investigation with a longitudinal design. Conclusion: These findings suggested that smartphone use may be considered an intervention to reduce depression symptoms among older people by increasing levels of political participation, voluntary participation, and active leisure participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China used to be the world's leading nation in terms of international (outward) tourism till the COVID-19 outbreak. However, due to the COVID-19 crisis, several new macro and micro-level factors might affect their international (outward) traveling behavior. The purpose of the current research was to examine the avoidance of international traveling for leisure in the Chinese population. The goal of the study was to highlight the importance of information self-efficacy and digital literacy as the key factors influencing tourists' traveling readiness. To achieve the goal, the study adapted the quantitative instruments from existing sources to map media exhaustion, information overload, and perceived health concerns, i.e., perceived effectiveness of health-protective measures, fear of new possible outbreaks, and pandemic crisis at source and destination. Chinese citizens' opinions were collected during the third quarter of the year 2022. Specifically, the quantitative survey from China collected a total number of 1308 respondents. This study used the statistical analysis software SPSS to analyze collected data. The findings conclude that the role of media is pivotal to shaping and predicting future trends in tourism preferences, perception of protective measures against COVID-19, and perceived seriousness of the pandemic crisis in the Chinese population. In addition, technology readiness (as hard self-efficacy) and health-related information literacy (soft self-efficacy) are critical to cope with the dark aspects of information exhaustion, overload, and pandemic seriousness in the post-truth era. The study is unique, as it examines the role of the seriousness of the pandemic at its source and destination and fear of new outbreaks simultaneously, underlining the potential future of immersive tourism (i.e., virtual reality, augmented reality, or mixed reality-based tourism). This study has drawn interesting theoretical and practical implications for researchers, policymakers, and academicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theoretical dichotomy of the elegant (ya) and the popular or common (su) has a long history and many branches, provoking Babel-like confusion of tongues. Both have their own aesthetic origins, and each is interpreted in relation to sociological categories such as social class and social strata. No abstract and absolute definition of the two concepts exists. The yayue (formal ceremonial music) of ancient China is an important early example of the elegant or refined, whereas the popular usually prevails at the lower levels of mass society. In the course of history, the accumulation of professional knowledge, selected classics, avant garde "art for art's sake," and leisure class activities have often been considered "elegant," while the experience of the masses, folk revelry, and the content of mass media have been considered "popular." In modern literary history, the concepts of enlightenment and class were drawn into the dichotomy of the elegant and the popular in different ways. In Chinese culture in the second half of the twentieth century, this dichotomy began to be reorganized around the notions of "art" and "commodity." The reconceptualization of elegance and popularity at each stage of history has often indicated a reconnection between aesthetic tastes and history. In this sense, the differentiation of elegance and popularity has always testified to culture's participation in history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was designed to evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics of 1432 beautiful leisure villages in China using econometric geography and spatial geographic information system analysis methods, such as nearest distance index, K index, and nuclear density. We also used the grid cost weighted distance algorithm to determine the spatial accessibility of beautiful leisure villages and the overall accessibility of county units. In addition, our evaluations determined the spatial differences in county accessibility using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). Our results showed that the spatial distribution of the beautiful leisure villages in China could be best described using the cohesion type classification and that there were large differences in their distribution between provinces and economic regions. The average accessibility time of beautiful leisure villages was 197.24 min with only 57.19% of these commutes being less than 2 h, and only 17.88% being less than 30 min. The area with the longest accessibility time was located on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, at up to 1510.03 min. The spatial distribution of accessibility showed obvious traffic directivity producing a positive Moran I value for most counties. There was also a significant positive correlation between the accessibility of beautiful leisure villages and their adjacent areas, and clear patterns of hot spots–sub-hot spots–sub-cold spots—cold spots from east to west. The overall service scope of beautiful leisure villages was characterized by west > east > middle, with topography, population, economy, and location acting as the major factors in the spatial distribution of these beautiful leisure villages in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Except for social network and social support, little research was conducted to examine other social and community factors associated with older adults' leisure activity participation. This research proposed three community and social factors of sense of community, trust and online social interaction and examined their relationships with leisure activity participation among older adults. It was based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in China in 2017. A total of 423 older adults completed the questionnaire. Regression analyses revealed that sense of community, trust and online social interaction were associated significantly with older adults' overall leisure activity participation. Among eight individual categories of leisure activities, i.e. mass media, reading, social activities, outdoor activities, sports activities, spectator sports, cultural activities and hobbies, online social interaction was associated significantly with all categories except outdoor activities. Sense of community was associated significantly with all categories except cultural activities and hobbies. Trust was associated significantly with reading, cultural activities and hobbies. The findings highlight the impacts of community and social factors on older adults' leisure activity participation. The findings also suggest different ways to enhance older adults' leisure activity participation through promoting their sense of community, trust and online social interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The waterfront park in northern China always has two parallel leisure pathways, a sunshine pathway and a tree-shaded pathway, which is attributed to the seasonal variations in water level. To provide some design suggestions according to the local characteristics of the waterfront park in northern China, this study selected six young volunteers to take part in an outdoor field experiment and a questionnaire survey in Stalin Park of Songhua River in Harbin, China. During the experiment, the volunteers' local skin temperature and core temperature were recorded, with their subjective responses recorded every 5 min, including thermal comfort, thermal sensation, thermal pleasure, and fatigue scale vote. This study found that, compared with the sunshine pathway, the tree-shaded pathway not only optimized people's outdoor thermal comfort and thermal pleasure, but also improved their fatigue scale vote experience. Some evidence showed that people's subjective response to the outdoor thermal environment might be influenced by physical factors (temperature, velocity, humidity, radiation, etc.) and may also be influenced by the surrounding landscape view (water, square, lawn, tree, etc.). The first piece of evidence is that, during the first 10 min, people's thermal sensation in the sunshine pathway group was high, but they kept voting for high thermal comfort, which may be due to the influence of the waterfront view on people's subjective response to thermal comfort. The second piece of evidence shows that people's overall thermal sensation was calculated by their local thermal sensation, looking at former research, with the voting results very different to the calculated results, which could be attributed to the influence of diversity landscape elements on people's subjective response to thermal sensation. Based on these results, some suggestions for the leisure pathway design along Stalin Park of Songhua River in Harbin, China, were given. The shaded device of the sunshine pathway should be designed in 15-min-walk intervals and accessible ways to the tree-shaded pathway should be added. The other facilities should be designed with 30 min walking distance on the tree-shaded pathway and 20 min walking distance to the sunshine pathway. Diversified landscapes should be designed for both the tree-shaded pathway and sunshine pathway, which could improve people's outdoor thermal comfort and the general subjective response to the environment. It is worth noting that the sample size of this study was small (6), and the participants were all homogenous young people (age, height, weight); thus, this study could be considered a preliminary work and the results and applicability have limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet use can be distinguished into different uses (e.g., leisure-related, learning-related), yet comprehensive studies on how different uses are associated with everyday parenting situations are still lacking. This study attempts to locate parental mediation within broader family contexts and simultaneously considers the relationships among general parenting style, media-specific parenting practices, and adolescents' amount and types of Internet use. Building on survey data collected from 1284 middle school students in China (mean age = 13, SD = 0.79, 48.60% girls), the Latent Profile Analysis identified three child-perceived profiles of general parenting style: slight-engaged, supportive, and rejecting-controller. The subsequent regressions suggested that adolescents with supportive parents reported lower levels of time spent online as well as leisure-related use; more restrictive parental mediation was associated with reduced leisure-related use while more active mediation was associated with more learning-related use. Notably, associations between parental use of active mediation and youth's amount of Internet use and leisure-related use varied based on parenting style profiles. Only for the supportive parenting profile, more use of active mediation was associated with decreased amount of Internet use as well as leisure-related use. These findings have implications on how parents can be more effective in guiding youth's Internet use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leisure sports is a combination of leisure and sports. Urban leisure sports are the instinctive needs of urban residents to cope with the "urban disease." It caters to the current urban value demands of optimizing residents' lives and conforms to the development of "Better City, Better Life" trend. This article comprehensively uses literature research, comparative research, system analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies to explore the relevant theories of urban leisure sports. Taking Xi'an as an example, we carry out a practical survey of urban leisure sports, including the expression of needs and behaviors of urban residents' restrictions, feedback on the supply of urban leisure sports, and analysis of its existing problems. Investigation results show that ecological civilization and the development of urban leisure sports are an interactive process. Ecological civilization is the external thrust of the vigorous development of urban leisure sports, and leisure sports is a means of ecological civilization construction. "For good health" is the primary factor that stimulates people's leisure sports behaviors. Among the restrictions that affect urban residents' participation in leisure sports, lack of partners is the main interpersonal restriction. The current development of urban leisure sports is faced with problems such as the squeeze of urban life and ecological space, poor air quality, lack of leisure sports facilities, insufficient opening of leisure sports resources, and insufficient guarantees for leisure sports funds. It is recommended to optimize the urban "production, living, and ecological" spatial layout and continuously extend the urban leisure and sports space through the organic renewal of urban space, spatial reuse, and rational development of vertical space. On the basis of understanding the laws of urban development, the exploration of the laws of the development of urban leisure sports must coordinate with the development of urban ecology, economy, and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous progress of the times, people's economic level has also improved, and they have more specific requirements for their own quality of life. At present, looking at the domestic health industry, its development is far from meeting people's expectations. In recent years, the state has advocated the construction of a number of sports characteristic small towns with national participation, beautiful ecology, industrial integration, and distinctive characteristics. The Guangxi government responded to the national initiative and actively supported it in policy, introduced investment funds, and established eight sports characteristic small towns, which are in good condition of development. This study takes this as the research object, through consulting various literatures, data material, and visiting experts and scholars, actually checks the development of these eight characteristic small towns, and sorts out and analyzes the collected information on its natural resources, humanistic characteristics, and diversified industrial integration. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent design, planning, and practice of characteristic small town. After the overall normative construction and taking the normative effect as the empirical evaluation standard, it has effectively promoted the vigorous development of small towns with sports characteristics in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) shows that there is a significant spatial autocorrelation of tourism development in China, which is manifested by the aggregation of spatial distribution. The results of the great likelihood estimation of the spatial lag model show that the parameters ρ of both the total tourism income model and the domestic income model are significantly positive, indicating that the spatial linkage between agricultural and rural tourism income is very strong and the spillover effect of agricultural and rural tourism is larger than that of overall tourism. Tourism superstructure facilities, human resources, and tourism infrastructure are statistically significant and are important influencing factors for overall tourism and agricultural and rural tourism development. And the overall fit of agricultural and rural tourism model is poor. The findings of the study better grasp how to make rural tourism make a greater contribution to the regional economy of Chengdu and maximize its positive role, and put forward relevant countermeasure suggestions, which will provide theoretical guidance and decision-making reference for relevant departments on how to better play the economic effect of tourism, and will also have a realistic reference role on how to develop rural tourism in western cities of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study systematically explores and assesses why the nascent leisure pursuit of following giant pandas on live streaming platforms, which is credited as the dullest yet most mesmerising pastime in the internet age, is being embraced by a fast growing niche fan base. In particular, the concepts of cuteness, relating to the likeability of the pandas, and generativity, epitomised by one's concern and care for future generations, are introduced to respectively account for the co-effects of recreational and serious facets of this unique leisure genre. Research results from structural modelling conclude that the platform subscribers' perceptions of cuteness, being mediated by their generative inclinations, affected positively their perceived values of the platform, which, in turn, exerted a positive effect on their behavioural intentions. This study contributes to research on multispecies leisure and serves as practical reference for better realising the ecological and social values of giant panda live streaming in the post pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined meanings of leisure and a Chinese leisure-like term (i.e., xiū xián) from laypeople's perspectives by modifying Ito and Walker's (2014) Leisure Ten Statements Test. Specifically, Euro-Canadian and Mainland Chinese undergraduate students were asked to provide 10 answers to "What is leisure/xiū xián for you?" and "What is not leisure/xiū xián for you?" An inductive coding of these lay definitions resulted in 24 categories, aligned with academic definitions (i.e., time, activity, setting, and psychological experience), suggesting the cross-cultural applicability of the leisure phenomenon. Multivariate analyses of variance identified categories that were more salient among Mainland Chinese (e.g., mass media, rest and reflection, motivation) and categories that were more salient among Euro-Canadians (e.g., emotion). The statistical results also suggested that Mainland Chinese and Euro-Canadians defined leisure/xiū xián similarly concerning some categories (e.g., relatedness and social activities, autonomy). We propose a laypeople's definition of leisure from a cross-cultural perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Farmers are the integral members of rural communities. In the present study, we determined the association between occupational physical activity (OPA) of farmers and dyslipidaemia.Methods: We included 7649 farmers from The China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study. The working modes of all farmers were divided into four types according to their self-reported seasonal changes in farming work and/or other job changes (1: no change; 2: changing job; 3: seasonal changes; and 4: seasonal and job changes). OPA was self-reported, and the OPA levels in the four groups were classified as Q1, Q2-Q3, and Q4 by quantile. Dyslipidaemia was defined as the presence of abnormalities in lipid indicators. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the association between OPA and dyslipidaemia.Results: Compared with those in the no change group, the participants in other three groups were younger with lower level of education, annual income, and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Active OPA could reduce the risk of dyslipidaemia in the no change [men: odds ratios (OR) = 0.21, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.07-0.64; women: OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.93] and seasonal change (men: OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27-0.77; women: OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41-0.86) groups. However, in the seasonal and job change group (men: OR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.06-9.80; women: OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.42-7.41), active OPA increased the risk of dyslipidaemia.Conclusions: Different OPA levels might lead to differences in association with blood lipid levels. Thus, OPA guidelines must be developed for farmers, especially for those who experience seasonal changes in farming work and job changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To examine the time trends of leisure activity engagement among young-old adults aged 65-74 in China over a 16-year period.Methods: Data for a nationally representative sample of young-old adults was sourced from the 2002-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (N = 9504). Generalized estimating equations regressions were implemented to assess temporal trends for 10 different leisure-time activities. We also evaluated time trends for solitary versus social leisure-time activities.Results: Young-old adults were less likely to engage in any form of social activities (e.g. participate in social events) over time, controlling for other confounders such as age, sex, education, income, and health characteristics. Trends in outdoor activities participation and tourism also declined over 2002-2014, but reversed in 2018. In contrast, solitary leisure activities (e.g. watching TV) became more popular. There was a significant spike in the likelihood of keeping pets from 2011 onwards, especially among urbanites.Conclusions: The future elderly in China have tended towards home-bound and solitary leisure activities over time, which warrants policy attention and public health interventions to reverse such trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study adopted experiential learning theory to examine the role of leisure in socio-cultural adaptation among international students from China. It explored how international students integrated the four steps of experiential learning: concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation, into culture learning in the leisure context. Two rounds of semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 first-year Chinese international students attending a large Midwestern university. The findings revealed that leisure could be an effective facilitator of socio-cultural adaptation. Experiential learning strategies such as reflective observation and abstract conceptualization (i.e., seeing beyond stereotypes) and active experimentation (i.e., taking initiative and imitating host nationals' behavior) were used by the students in the leisure contexts to learn about the host culture. International students also encountered confusions and frustrations during the culture learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leisure activities are important in older adults' life. With the higher mobility and internationalization of population, the leisure behavior and habits of older adults in different countries have become a popular topic among international scholars. This study was to compare the different leisure activities of older adults in two countries—the US and China—to discuss the possible reasons for the differences from traditional and social-cultural aspects. The sample data (192 Chinese aged over 60) was collected in a metropolis in China—Hangzhou—and was compared with data undertaken by Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) published in American Time Use Survey (ATUS). We found that older adults in the US and China spend similar daily leisure time on average; watching TV and walking are the most popular choices of indoor and outdoor leisure activities, respectively, by both Americans and Chinese. Surfing the Internet, communicating with others (indoor) and traditional activities (leisure activities from ancient China, like Taiji, sword dancing, etc.), and physical exercises (outdoor) are the second most popular choices of Chinese older adults; while socializing, reading, working out, and using sports technology equipment for outdoor exercising are popular among older adults in the US. Possible reasons for the differences were discussed from individual differences and collectivist cultures, independent and dependent habits, reliance on family, early education, and the value of young mentality versus conservative spirit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of economic downturns on leisure life, using the Chinese General Social Survey data from 2010 to 2015. The results show that economic downturns significantly decrease individuals' time allocated to leisure activities. Specifically, participation in educational activities increases during economic downturns, while participation in social interaction and entertainment does not change. We also find that economic downturns significantly reduce the average frequency of individuals' participation in active entertainment activities (e.g. reading, participating in cultural activities, listening to music at home, participating in physical exercise, watching live sports games, and doing handwork), but do not significantly affect the average frequency of individuals' participation in passive entertainment activities (e.g. watching TV or DVD at home, watching movies in a cinema, shopping, gathering with relatives, gathering with friends, and surfing the Internet). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Society & Leisure / Loisir & Société is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In August of 2021, China imposed severe restrictions on children's online gaming time. We argue that such a policy may seem useful on the surface but does not reflect the current evidence concerning prevention of disordered gaming. Videogame play is normal for children worldwide, and like other leisure activities can lead to benefits for the majority and problems for a minority. Problematic or disordered play results from the interaction of multiple risk factors that are not addressed by draconian policy measures. Identifying these factors through stakeholder-engaged research and current evidence will be much more likely to succeed in preventing disordered gaming and promoting youth wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the aging continues, China has become the country with the largest older population. In order to ensure the well-being of older adults in their later years, the whole society is increasingly concerned about the mental health of older adults. In 2019, we conduct a questionnaire survey in Shaanxi Province. Stratified random sampling is used to select three representative cities, and 677 samples are selected from the survey results for research. By using the structural equation model, we aim to reveal the mechanism of leisure activities' influence on mental health of the older adults and verify whether social support and perceived stress play a mediating role. The study finds that the older adults' leisure activities have no significant direct impact on mental health. Social support has a significant mediating effect between leisure activities and mental health of the older adults. Leisure activities indirectly affect the mental health of the older adults through social support, and participation in leisure activities can improve the social support of the older adults, thus improving the mental health level of the older adults. Perceived stress plays a significant mediating role between leisure activities and mental health of the older adults. By participating in leisure activities, the perceived stress of the older adults will be reduced, thus improving their mental health. Social support and perceived stress play a sufficient mediating role in the influence of leisure activities on mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of current study was to investigate risk perception of COVID‐19 pandemic, sleep quality and time change of leisure activity and their correlations with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in healthcare workers (HCWs) from four designated hospitals in China. Medical staffs (n = 317) from three designated hospitals in Guangdong Province and one designated hospital in Guangxi Province were surveyed on their demographic information, sleep quality and time change of leisure activity, risk perception of pandemic and PTSD symptoms (by using PTSD checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5)). Hierarchical regression and structural equation model (SEM) were used to examine the correlated factors of PTSD. The prevalence of high level of PTSD symptoms (PCL‐5 > =33, a probable diagnosis of PTSD) was 10.7%. Regression analysis found that risk perception (dread: β = 0.142, p < 0.01; familiarity: β = 0.203, p < 0.01), sleep quality (β = 0.250, p < 0.001), time change of leisure activity (β = −0.179, p < 0.01), were independently correlated with PTSD severity, which was further confirmed by SEM. Locations of COVID‐19‐related hazards were significant different in cognitive map of risk perception between groups with high and low levels of PTSD symptoms. Risk perception of COVID‐19 pandemic influenced PTSD symptoms in HCWs. Adequate time for leisure activity and good sleep quality protected some HCWs against PTSD symptoms under the influence of pandemic. More researches were warranted to understand the path from pre‐factors of risk perception to its psychological consequences among HCWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]