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Inter-disciplinarity and bridging disciplinary boundaries is a practice that scholars often strive for within higher education research. Kinesiology encompasses many aspects such as physical activity, physical education and community. In this article, the two fields of leisure studies and physical education are analyzed as a means to argue that these fields have overlapping messages that are currently being missed within scholarship. Using the theory of boundary crossing, this paper will argue that as a result of missing these current messages, we are at risk of disconnecting education from the social context of leisure. As a result of such analysis, this paper presents conclusions on ways in which research and practice can seek to strengthen the connection between these contexts and open new lines of enquiry that would be fruitful to explore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 50 years dark tourism has also seen exponential growth in terms of both physical and digital contexts. Dark tourism is primarily a concentration around documented accounts of physical violence, and theorisations centred on dark tourism studies have generally fallen within either behavioural or interpretivist perspectives. Such perspectives are indicative of the continually evolving nature of dark tourism and its receptiveness to new definitions, conceptual frameworks, and theorisations. Taking this into consideration, this concept paper seeks to develop and broaden the notion of "dark tourism" within the era of late capitalism by presenting a content analysis of Amazon's virtual warehouse tour. In drawing upon critical notions of violence and the emerging deviant leisure framework, this paper will aim to instigate fresh academic enquiry into the nature of dark tourism, expand its theoretical underpinnings, and subsequently provide a means in which to examine how banal forms of tourism play an integral part in the proliferation of some of the most serious harms that populate the contemporary neoliberal landscape. Within this fresh interpretation of dark tourism, this paper also examines the relationship between the Internet, technology and late-stage capitalism, and the implications that this has in studying how corporations use such forms of media in tourism production in order to downplay and obfuscate the realities behind their activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In der vorliegenden Rezension soll der 2020 im be.bra wissenschaft verlag, Berlin, erschienene Sammelband Sprachlich-literarische literarische »Aggregatzustände« im Japanischen: Europäische Japan-Diskurse 1998 – 2018 näher besprochen werden. Neben der Herausarbeitung der Hauptargumentationslinien einer Reihe von inhaltlich teils stark divergierender Beiträge, welche durch die Kernthemen Transmedialität, Freizeit und Literatur lose zusammengehalten werden, richtete ich mein Augenmerk auf die Frage, inwiefern es dem Herausgeber und den Autor*innen gelungen war, ihr selbstgestecktes Ziel, nicht nur ein akademisches, sondern auch ein interessiertes Laienpublikum anzusprechen, zu erreichen. Meiner Einschätzung nach konnte dieser Selbstanspruch zu weiten Teilen erfolgreich umgesetzt werden. Als entscheidende Faktoren identifiziere ich einerseits die Bitte des Herausgebers um einen zugänglichen, an der mündlichen Ausdrucksweise angelehnten Schreibstil und andererseits die Einarbeitung kurzer thematischer Einführungen in die meisten der eingereichten Aufsätze. Mit der vorliegenden Evaluierung dieses Projektes hoffe ich zur Ausarbeitung vertiefender Strategien beizutragen, die – auch jenseits der Populärwissenschaft – einer breitenwirksameren Verbreitung japanologischer Inhalte zuträglich sein werden.

Purpose: This article adopts an embodiment lens to explore the individual leisure experiences of people living with dementia when engaging in nature-based pursuits. It focuses on how people living with dementia frame their everyday experiences of nature and how these are shaped by any cognitive challenges and/or other comorbidities affecting physical health. Design/methodology/approach: Taking a phenomenological research approach, we interviewed 15 people living with dementia and 15 family carers of people with dementia to explore how people with dementia engage with nature as a subjective leisure experience. We analysed their accounts using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: The findings reveal how people living with dementia frame their experiences of nature-based pursuits through three interlinked themes of 'bodily feelings and emotions', 'sense of self and identity' and 'connectivity to others'. Originality/value: The paper contributes to knowledge by examining through the lens of embodiment a neglected and overlooked dimension of everyday leisure: how nature is encountered, negotiated and enjoyed. The paper illustrates how nature and the outdoors may help people living with dementia to continue to enjoy prior leisure pursuits and thus achieve a degree of continuity in their everyday lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an effort to move beyond reproductions of racializations in leisure studies and anti-racialism, this specific call for anti-racist inquiry reflects an urgent need for critical dialogue on issues of race reflective of intersectional so-called Canadian subjectivities. The purpose of this special issue was to develop a collection of papers that respond to the calls and discuss race/racism/racialization as it is held in tension with leisure and from a 'canadian' perspective, location, and/or consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to address the convergence of boundaries in Tourism, Hospitality, Events, and Leisure (THEL) fields. We offer a synthesized definition of THEL and discuss a set of meta-concepts that define the core and knowledge structure of THEL. We argue that hospitality, experience, and place are unifying constructs upon which all THEL scholarship activities and practice fields are established. The paper invites a system-wide conversation to stimulate thinking regarding academic discipline building at a time when technological and societal forces are transforming work, life, and education. This research contributes to modernization of THEL and engenders new perspectives to guide future scholarship. This paper invites a reassessment of curricular structures to stay relevant and adaptive to changing needs of contemporary societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping review analyses existing literature on older adults' participation in artistic activities. It identifies gaps in this research topic and suggests new directions for research. We followed the five-step process defined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and extended by Levac et al. (2010). Four electronic databases were searched, and 129 peer-reviewed articles were included in the scoping review. Research into older adults' participation in artistic activities has grown in the last ten years. However, empirical papers tend to focus on the outcomes of older people's participation in artistic activities, in particular the benefits. Most papers centred on facilitators to examine the antecedents of this type of participation among people in late life. Research about experiences, potentially negative consequences or barriers to older adults' participation in artistic activities have been largely overlooked. We identified several gaps in the literature, which we classified as: related to the artistic activities that were considered; the potential costs and barriers for older adults' participation in artistic activities; older adults' voices and their diversity; the life course perspective; and a contextual view of research on the topic. These gaps suggest challenges that future research on older adults' participation in artistic activities should consider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leisure education is an important area of service that encourages people to participate actively in physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally healthy activities. This educational approach empowers people to make decisions, discover new information and resources about leisure, and navigate stressful transitions throughout their lives. The purpose of this paper is to clarify that leisure education is grounded on principles of social justice and facilitates two synergistic service contexts of inclusive leisure and therapeutic recreation (TR). To achieve this purpose, this paper contains supportive literature identifying that leisure education grounded in social justice principles is a facilitation technique used in providing inclusive leisure and TR services. Further, the literature presented in the paper provides a rationale for grounding leisure education on social justice to assist people in achieving goals of leisure associated with authenticity and self-determination, positive health and well-being, and flourishing. The paper increases understanding of leisure education and ways TR practitioners can use it to positively support people to live the lives they value. Therefore, this paper provides a unique contribution to the literature by identifying that social justice can be the basis for leisure education as a component of both TR and inclusive leisure services designed to help participants experience authenticity and self-determination culminating in leisure, positive health, well-being, and flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The wide use of the term Cognitive Reserve (CR) is in need of a clear and shared definition of its concept and of the development of new tools, quick and easy to use and updated for the people of today. This study describes the online short CRIq (s-CRIq), the new shorter version of the CRIq, following an item analysis revision, and compares the data distribution of different samples. Methods: The s-CRIq was administered online to 435 people while another 440 filled out the s-CRIq in self-administration. A further 588 participants had been administered the original paper-and-pencil long CRIq and 344 the online long CRIq. Results: The major difference in the databases of s-CRIq versus the long versions is an increased score in education and in leisure activity. However, the density distributions of the total score of CRI in the 4 databases share 64% of their areas, and at least two of them share 84%. Conclusion: The s-CRIq proved to be a simple and easy-to-administer tool. Similarly, to the original version, the s-CRIq is freely available on the web, and it is our hope that it will be of fruitful use for researchers and clinicians alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing trend of residents and tourists sharing urban spaces, the boundary between leisure spaces and tourism spaces is gradually being blurred. However, few studies have quantified the spatiotemporal correlation patterns of residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities. To fill this gap, this paper takes Nanjing as an example to study the temporal and spatial correlation between residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities based on mobile phone signal data. First, through kernel density analysis, it is found that there is a spatial overlap between residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities. Then, the spatial and temporal correlation patterns of residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities are analyzed through the colocation quotient. According to our findings, (1) residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities are not spatially correlated, indicating that they are relatively independent in space both during the week and on weekends. (2) On weekday afternoons, the spatial correlation between residents' and tourists' leisure activities is strongest. On weekends, the night is when residents' leisure activities and tourists' activities are most closely related. (3) The correlation area is mainly distributed in areas near famous scenic spots, as well as public spaces such as parks and squares. Based on the above analysis, this paper aims to study the resident-tourist interaction in the spatial context to provide directions for improving the attractiveness of cities, urban transportation, services, and marketing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies whether unilateral divorce affects women's welfare. Unilateral divorce refers to a divorce regime where each of the spouses can dissolve the marriage unilaterally (i.e. without mutual consent). First, it builds a simple theoretical model that finds that women are better off under unilateral divorce than under mutual consent. Second, it makes use of data from the U.S. between 2003 and 2014 to explore empirically whether unilateral divorce affects the amount of time women devote to three different activities that might be seen as proxies of their level of welfare, such as, housework, leisure and relaxing activities, and personal care. We find causal evidence suggesting that unilateral divorce improves women's welfare. Namely, it reduces housework carried out by women, while it increases their amount of time devoted to leisure and relaxing activities, and personal care. Further results suggest these changes are not due to improvements in gender equality per se. Moreover, we find that the decrease in housework and the surges in leisure and relaxing activities are permanent, whereas the increase in personal care is temporary. These findings are important from a policy perspective to motivate the introduction of unilateral divorce laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses embodied experiences of leisure shoppers combining walking and cycling practices in historical city centres. From the perspective of youth, embodied practices and experiences along the Oude Gracht street, an important shopping route in the city centre of Utrecht, are investigated. Based on walk-along interviews with pedestrians and seated interviews with cyclists, the paper reveals leisure shopping as a multimodal exercise with interrelated practices and experiences of walking and cycling. It also unravels shopping routes as arrangements of various sensescapes. They are described by youth 'in motion' and en route along the Oude Gracht as (1) calm and beginning, (2) chaos and vehicles, (3) crowding and many choices, (4) crossing and street sellers, (5) chaos and tourists, and (6) cafes and ending. The fluid divisions and connections of these scapes are accompanied by physical and social objects – such as motorized vehicles, a cinema or shop, a large crowd, and street vendors – often generating a switch in the type of walking and cycling. By looking at youth's practices and experiences, sensescapes appear to be relational in space and time, exposing the complexity of fluid divisions and connections when performing leisure mobilities along shopping routes in city centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leisure-led regional development refers to leisure as a mechanism to achieve broad societal goals within a region: economic revenue, employment and service levels but also cultural or conservationist ambitions. Engaging in such leisure-led regional development proves a complex matter. Based on ethnographies of leisure in the Dutch province of Fryslân conducted over a five-year period between 2013 and 2018, this paper argues that combining theoretical understanding of complexity theories with analyses based on both evolutionary and discursive approaches results in enhanced understanding of the interactions shaping uncertainty in leisure development. Results of field observations, interviews, participation and document analysis show that planning for leisure-led regional development should consider autonomous and evolutionary processes, whilst focusing on purposefully influencing the interactions and perspectives of actors in leisure. More precisely, this means shaping the narratives and practices in these institutions which make specific interactions more likely to develop. This can be undertaken by including in planning efforts the individual perspectives and emotions among actors in the regional leisure sector. To cope with uncertainty at the heart of leisure-led regional development, an adaptive strategy should be adopted, both in the planning efforts taken and in how such efforts are monitored and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the way in which a tourist reception structure can practice sustainable tourism based on the conservation and protection of all natural and anthropic resources. The case study was carried out at a Boarding house in the commune of Crasna-Gorj, where authentic agrotourism is practiced, because a series of specialties served at the table to tourists are prepared with products obtained from their own household, in which traditional agriculture is practiced, based on obtaining high quality products, with as few chemical substances as possible. At the same time, the main natural and anthropogenic factors favorable to the practice of tourism were presented, and an analysis of tourist traffic and the quality of management at the boarding house under study was carried out. In the analysis of the tourist potential and activity, more emphasis was placed on the objectives and leisure and gastronomy activities specific to the place, through which the Boarding house can create an offer of great originality and attractiveness for tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 epidemic, social media has become the main channel for people to learn information related to the epidemic, among which information in the form of videos has played a significant role in the prevention and control of COVID-19. However, few studies have analyzed the process of knowledge learning of individuals through watching COVID-19 videos. Therefore, to explore the process of COVID-19 video viewers' knowledge acquisition, this paper constructs a knowledge learning path model based on the cognitive mediation model and dual coding theory. A sample of 255 valid questionnaires was collected to validate this model. The results of this study show that an individual's perceived risk of COVID-19 affects their surveillance motivation positively, while surveillance motivation further stimulates the attention and elaboration about the information in COVID-19 videos. Among them, attention positively influences the elaboration about the information. Ultimately, both an individual's attention and elaboration positively influence the knowledge he or she acquires from the COVID-19 videos. This paper not only verifies the hypothesized relationships in the original cognitive mediation model, but also extends the model to the context of video knowledge learning. Analyzing the knowledge learning process of COVID-19 video viewers, this paper can provide suggestions for government propaganda departments and relevant media to improve public knowledge of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces ‘passionate pastime’ as a complementary concept to the Serious Leisure Perspective (SLP). It adds a new layer to the initial model to capture the affective aspects of leisure pursuits and enhance its comprehensiveness and clarity. The paper employs Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis method to expand the conceptual landscape in this area. The proposed term moves away from the activity-oriented nature of serious leisure and focuses on an experience-oriented perspective. It has an episodic structure that includes three phases: pre-, during, and post-engagement. The pre-engagement phase is characterised by curiosity, enthusiasm, and anticipation. During the engagement, the enthusiasts immerse themselves in the activity and usually experience joy, a sense of fulfilment, and flow. They also make new social connections or maintain old bonds within their communities of interest. The post-engagement phase enables them to reflect, learn, and enjoy their achievements. These phases form a continuous cycle of engagement and explain the transformative potential of leisure in enhancing overall wellbeing. Passionate pastime is more inclusive than serious leisure because many people may engage in leisure activities enthusiastically, but their engagement may not fit the concept of serious leisure, which implies intense commitment and skill development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Drawing on enrichment theory and the identity‐based integrative crafting model, the present paper explores the impact of leisure crafting on creativity and meaning at work using both the compensation and the spillover perspectives. We hypothesized that leisure crafting relates to employee creativity, particularly when employees experience low work engagement; and that leisure crafting predicts meaning at work via employee creativity, particularly for employees with low work engagement. We also expected that cognitive developmental and affective leisure‐to‐work enrichment acts as the mediator in the link between leisure crafting and creativity. Study 1, a three‐wave survey study with 1‐week time intervals among 191 employees confirmed that the indirect effect of leisure crafting on meaning at work via creativity is stronger among employees reporting low work engagement. Study 2, a follow‐up study of a similar design among 421 employees revealed that leisure crafting leads to creativity via cognitive developmental resources and that leisure crafting leads to creativity via affective resources for employees who report low levels of work engagement. Our findings highlight that leisure crafting possesses the inherent capacity to enhance meaning at work through employee creativity (spillover), especially for those employees who experience a lack of fulfillment at work (compensation). We also refine work‐life enrichment theories by uncovering that leisure crafting may enrich work via different pathways for different employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to map daily mobility to work and services within the suburban zone of Prague and to explain temporal changes in the structuration of the suburban zone during the day. This involves the identification of local centres outside Prague's administrative boundaries, defining their catchment areas, and exploring the temporal variability of daily mobility. Using mobile phone data, the paper identifies the main flows of commuting to work and mobility for services or leisure activities. The focus on two distinct timeframes presented in two synthetic maps compares the mobility patterns of these activities. Empirical findings identify 53 local centres of inter‐suburban mobility and delimitate their commuting areas. Noticeable variation in mobility patterns throughout the day was observed. Beyond empirical insights relevant to Prague and similar Central and Eastern European cities, the paper contributes to theoretical knowledge by introducing a hierarchical classification of mobility relationships within metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the narratives of three deceased high-altitude mountaineers who lost their lives while climbing in the Greater Himalaya. These individuals were participants in part of a larger ethnographic study on 'Tourism in the Death Zone' conducted over the space of 150 days fieldwork in Pakistan and Nepal in 2019. The paper seeks to explore how these participants depth of immersion in the 'social world' of high-altitude mountaineering eventually lead to their deaths. To do so, the phenomenological concept of the lifeworld [lebenswelt] is utilized to show how the participants lived realities and aspirations became entwined with high-altitude mountaineering – a serious leisure community. Previously, the connection between the lifeworld and serious leisure viewed within the context of extreme risk taking and possible death, has not been explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how death is represented in the popular Netflix television series Squid Game. While death is an overarching theme in this series, there is one feature of its storytelling that sets it apart from other fictional deadly games' televisual or cinematic franchises. Indeed, Squid Game depicts players implicitly consenting to die if they lose the game. This narrative is centered on the deep vulnerabilities that come from social inequalities and create conditions in which death can be staged as merchandise to be sold or bought for entertainment purposes. This paper describes and analyzes how the implicit consent to death was portrayed as the ultimate outcome of social inequalities, as a commodity, and as an object of leisure. We will conclude the paper by discussing the implications of exposure to this discourse during leisure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Displaced young people are at risk of adverse effects on their psychological wellbeing due to their experiences of war and resettlement. Art therapy can offer a safe space in which to address trauma and promote resilience. Context: This paper describes art therapy with a group of displaced Ukrainians aged 13–16 in a British secondary school. It focuses on the activity of making hanging mobiles in order to explore conflicted feelings around home and belonging. Approach: The intervention was informed by theories of resilience, with the intention of preventing the negative effects of traumatic experience by providing opportunities for creativity and reflection. The need of young refugees to experience psychological safety in order to continue with the developmental tasks of adolescence was also considered. Outcomes: Half of the group found the activity beneficial in gaining insight into conflicting feelings around belonging and providing a positive experience of agency and control through creativity. The other half of the group benefitted less and found it difficult to reflect on their artmaking. 'Feelings' Cups', an outcome measure devised for the group, was used alongside the YP-Core (Clinical Outcomes for Routine Evaluation for Young People) together with verbal and written feedback. Conclusions: The mobile-making activity has potential for use with dislocated young people and others in a position of uncertainty and change. Implications for research: There is a need for more research to examine and evidence the role art therapy can play in promoting resilience in displaced young people. Plain-language summary: This paper describes art therapy with a group of displaced Ukrainians aged 13–16 in a British secondary school. It focuses on the activity of constructing hanging mobiles to help explore difficult feelings around home and belonging. Refugees find it distressing to be without a home until they are able to resettle in a safe place. Adolescents may find it particularly difficult because they are already struggling with issues of identity and belonging as they move from childhood to adulthood. The mobile-making activity was designed to use creativity and insight to help build resilience. When young people are more resilient, they will suffer less from traumatic experiences. To measure changes during therapy, a form, 'Feelings' Cups', was devised for the group and used alongside a standard form together with verbal and written feedback from the young people. Half of the group found the mobile-making activity helpful. It gave them a positive feeling of being in control and helped them to think about their feelings. The other half of the group did not find the activity helpful. They did not enjoy the artmaking and found it too difficult to think about their feelings. For some refugees this activity might be helpful and could be used again. It is necessary to carry out more research to find out exactly how art therapy can help young people become more resilient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a critical autoethnographic exploration of the racial inequalities in leisure and tourism studies by taking the case of the peer review process and the place of scholars of colour within it. Precisely, I challenge the White logic in the peer review process in leisure and tourism studies. While furthering recent scholars' efforts in attempting to challenge positivist epistemologies on mainstream leisure and tourism studies, I ask pertinent questions. Why does academia have to still allow/accept Euro-Amero-centric dogmas to dictate the peer review process? When will academia's enthralment with the 'White supremacy' (i.e. preaching the Others about scientific orthodoxy) come to an end, if at all? I explore how despite all the glorifying talks of diversity, inclusiveness, end of inequality, and sustainable development in academia, 'we still live in a wholly racialized world' where 'privileged whites are supposed to [and in reality] protect and perpetuate not only white myths but also raciology itself'. What if I were a White scholar? Would the reviewers then have made similar comments? This paper is an attempt to resist the hegemonic White logic so that the scholars of colour can theorise about their academic lives with dignity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport is increasingly being used by individuals, charities, and corporate sponsors as a means of acquiring donors and fundraisers to support a variety of social and health causes. This paper examines five key features of fitness philanthropy that when considered together provide new sociological insight into a unique social phenomenon. These are: (a) peer-to-peer giving, (b) social media accounts of embodied philanthropy, (c) community connection and making a difference, (d) fitness philanthropy as social capital, and (e) charity and corporate giving. The significance of the paper is threefold. First, it highlights the ways in which fitness philanthropy points to the changing nature of sport, leisure, and physical activity, whereby fundraising is a key motivation for participation. Second, it examines the types of "empathy paths" created by fitness philanthropy with its emphasis on the body, social media, and peer-to-peer forms of organizational giving. Third, the paper seeks to answer critical questions about fitness philanthropy in the context of neoliberalism and "caring capitalism." Bringing these themes into dialogue with broader research on the intersections between sport and charity adds to the body of sociological research on sport, philanthropy, well-being, and civic engagement by addressing novel conceptual frameworks for the embodied expression of these concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring play and leisure histories and practices in a visual analysis of family photos opens ways to scrutinize intergenerational relationships. In this paper, we explore ideas about interactions between the old and young, and within and across generations through a visual analysis of play and leisure activities. By looking back through five generations of family photos of one Australian family, we examine play and leisure practices of older generations that are continued, adapted or changed over time as they are passed down through the generations. We argue that intergenerational play and leisure practices can provide a space and time for social interaction between younger and older generations. Importantly, play and leisure practices within families can be a means for growing intergenerational relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper explores how aging bodies of middle-aged women can enable and constrain participation in physical activity. The study is inspired by the process sociology of Norbert Elias and builds on qualitative empirical material from passive observations (N = 57), focus groups (N = 51), and individual follow-up interviews (N = 21) with middle-aged Danish women who participated in a 3-month research project with exercise intervention. The qualitative study found that awareness of bodily aging enabled the taking up of exercise in the intervention. Additionally, taking up regular exercise in midlife can be understood as a highly rationalized leisure-time activity in relation to societal moral norms of self-responsibility for own physiological health. Furthermore, the qualitative material indicates that participation enabled a self-realization among the middle-aged women, as strong and capable bodies counter to the biomedical view of decline in the aging body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hiking is one of the most popular leisure sport activities practiced in the Alps during the summer season, but bears the risk of mountain emergencies, accidents, and fatalities. This paper provides an updated analysis of hiking accidents for the years 2015 to 2021 in the Austrian Alps, thereby outlining fatal and non-fatal accident characteristics. Methods: For this retrospective analysis, mountain hiking accidents documented by the Austrian Alpine Police during a 7-year period were screened for potential exclusion criteria. The final sample size consisted of 7368 accidents and 7552 victims. The outcome measures were mainly specified by sex, age, injury degree, injury location, pathophysiological characteristics, and cause of injury. Results: The overall annual number of accidents showed a continuous increase from 428 in 2015 to 544 in 2021. In total, 7.1% of the total victims died during the 7-year period, with male hikers being significantly more affected than female hikers (m: 80.8%, f: 19.2%; p ≤ 0.001). The sex specific distribution for non-fatal hiking accidents was 55.9% in women and 44.1% in men. Male victims showed significantly more frequent cardiovascular events (m: 78.5%, f: 21.5%), multiple injuries (m: 60.2%, f: 39.8%), and wounds/blood loss (m: 57.4%, f: 42.6%) than female victims, whereas women showed more fractures (m: 31.5%, f: 68.5%) than men (p ≤ 0.001). Additionally, men were more likely to injure their abdomen/chest (3.7%), head (14.1%), and multiple body parts (26.5%), whereas women were more likely to injure the ir ankle or foot (42.3%). Finally, men were more likely to have an accident during the ascent (24.1%), whereas women during the descent (69.0%) (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: This paper provides the latest data and a deeper insight into sex-specific characteristics of mountain hiking accidents in the Austrian Alps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates households' consumption smoothing behavior by estimating the intertemporal elasticity of substitution of consumption (IES) while allowing labor/leisure to vary. To this end, we adopt a utility specification that allows non-separability between consumption and leisure. Using this specification, we define a leisure margin as the gap between the IES that allows leisure to vary and the IES that keeps leisure constant. We find a positive and statistically significant leisure margin throughout the paper. In addition, the leisure margin becomes larger when the spouse's leisure is taken into consideration. This result indicates that family labor supply plays an important role in households' consumption decisions. We further explore the heterogeneous nature of nonmarket time, and show that consumption-leisure substitutability could be explained largely by home production. Our findings demonstrate the importance of time allocation when individuals make decisions on consumption and saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual environments as spaces for leisure are rapidly emerging within the zeitgeist of 21st century leisure practices. One such environment is the Zwift cycling and running app which provides a series of virtual worlds where cyclists and runners can train, race, and socialise with a global community from their own home. As four authors, we are all in some way curious or engaged with Zwift as a platform for our own leisure. We therefore developed a 'community of inquiry' to provide an initial foray into Zwift as a virtual leisure space. We each produced a section of the paper which focused respectively on assemblage theory, micro-sociology, gender, and morality. Through critique and the spirit of collegiality, these texts were refined and are presented in the paper as separate yet interlinked narratives. Our community of inquiry then reconvened to consider the mechanics of game design and to present Zwift as exhibiting the components of an interreality. The paper concludes with implications for further research which includes considering Zwift as a third space and as a panopticon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an ethnographic account of elite neighbourhoods in Delhi. It unpacks the lived realities of these neighbourhoods by studying how elite-ness is both constituted and contested within gated residential areas and other public spaces of Delhi. It argues that elites extend the unequal world they inhabit outside their gated residences by identifying certain public spaces for their leisure activities, especially shopping malls, leaving the neighbourhood community centres or RWA clubs to cater to non-elite residents. It also focuses on the narratives of the domestic staff employed in elite households, who too inhabit the public spaces within these neighbourhoods, including parks, streets, and markets. In this way, the paper draws out the class contestations within elite neighbourhoods and explains how these spaces become sites of class fractions and factions as they are marked by the politics of who a 'real' elite is. As such, this paper is an account of how class exclusionary boundaries are drawn and subverted by elites and non-elites both in private (gated neighbourhoods) and public spaces (parks, shopping malls), thus bringing attention to the fractured realities of elite neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a nuanced perspective of two families' lockdown literacy journeys with their young children during the COVID 19 pandemic. We present informal home learning examples stimulated by play and by school-sanctioned synchronous and asynchronous activities from homes geographically miles apart yet close in terms of shared experience. In response to the catch-up and learning loss narrative which threatens to overshadow some of the positive learning experiences taking place at home, we redirect the 'catch-up' narrative towards a nuanced understanding of family learning at home by articulating the complexity of circumstance. Methodologically, drawing on Autoethnography, we present vignettes of lockdown life from Scotland and Michigan, USA. Throughout this paper we articulate challenges with the catch-up narrative and root our conclusions in the early childhood philosophy that learning extends beyond the mind to a whole body, holistic experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Driven by national policies and international competitions, China's winter sports and industry development will enter a new course. How to release the enormous potential skiing demand in China is significant to drive 300 million people to participate in winter sports and promote the development of China's ice and snow industry, and defining the restrictive factors is a necessary prerequisite to realise the effective transformation of potential demand to actual growth power. Based on the in-depth information, this paper further analyses the influence of environmental factors on the development of winter sports. The research shows that the number of skiers about 20 times is the highest, up to 75.5 %, followed by the number of skiers about five times, up to 67.4 %. Then about ten times accounted for 48.6 %, and finally, about 15 times accounted for 37.6 %. This frequency can fully satisfy skiing enthusiasts to enjoy leisure activities, experience modern life fashion, use skiing to increase social opportunities, delight body and mind, and improve health. Based on the in-depth information, this paper reveals the shortcomings and existing environmental factors of China's winter sports development. It provides a reference for the rational utilisation and development of ice and snow resources and the scientific and practical development of China's winter sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focused on students' leisure time with an exclusive focus on students with hearing disabilities leading to behavioural issues. This sensitive issue needs time to be highlighted as students with such disabilities are naturally restrained from utilizing their leisure time. This research aims to investigate numerous courses of action in the light of a detailed literature review and explore possible ways to reduce their severity and mitigate their effects. This qualitative conceptual review encompasses on how leisure time programs could be integrated and inclusive into the education, workplace, and daily life of children with hearing disabilities. This research effectively offers suggestions and recommendations that could help teachers and parents while dealing with leisure time as an approach to reducing behavioural problems such as practical solutions on various tools and procedures that can be manipulated and used in various workplaces. This review has numerous implications, such as this study could serve as a premier in setting guidelines for applying a leisure time approach to the non-clinical work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dysmenorrhoea affects many adolescents with significant impacts on education and well-being. In the UK, most of the adolescents who seek care (and many never do), will do so through general practice (primary care). Knowing how best to care for adolescents reporting menstrual pain is an area where UK general practitioners would like better guidance and resources. Methods: This mixed-methods narrative synthesis collates community and specialist evidence from 320 papers about adolescent dysmenorrhoea, with a UK general practice community health perspective. Results: We report a narrative summary of symptoms, cause, consequences and treatments for adolescent dysmenorrhoea. We highlight areas of tension or conflicted evidence relevant to primary care alongside areas of uncertainty and research gaps identified through this synthesis with input from lived experience advisers. Discussion: There is little evidence about primary care management of adolescent dysmenorrhoea or specific resources to support shared-decision making in general practice, although there are evidence-based treatments to offer. Primary care encounters also represent potential opportunities to consider whether the possibility of underlying or associated health conditions contributing to symptoms of dysmenorrhoea, but there is little epidemiological evidence about prevalence from within community health settings to inform this. The areas where there is little or uncertain evidence along the care journey for adolescent dysmenorrhoea, including at the interface between experience and expression of symptoms and potential underlying contributory causes warrant further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed-gender studies predominate in the current literature exploring the interaction between physical activity and dementia risk. Considering that menopause appears to contribute to females' increased risk of cognitive decline when compared to males, further clarity is required on the impact of physical activity in reducing late-life dementia risk, specifically in perimenopausal females. A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and CINAHL databases yielded fourteen studies for review. A significant inverse relationship between perimenopausal leisure time physical activity, or physical fitness, and future all-cause dementia risk was found in most studies exploring this interaction. Higher levels of perimenopausal household physical activity and combined non-leisure time physical activity also displayed a favorable impact in lowering dementia risk. A dose-response effect was demonstrated, with approximately 10 MET-hour/week of leisure time physical activity required for significant dementia risk reduction. Three of four papers exploring causality provided analyses proposed to counter the reverse causation argument, suggesting that physical activity may indeed have a protective role in reducing dementia risk post-menopause. The current systematic review provides promising results regarding the impact of pre- and perimenopausal physical activity on reducing late-life dementia risk, suggesting that promoting perimenopausal physical activity may serve as a crucial tool in mitigating the risk of post-menopausal cognitive decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's right to play and leisure has historically and currently been violated by the many demands of adults. This is now evident in the widespread structuring of the time of middle-class children in programmed activities, including sports. In a contribution to this special issue on leisure, citizenship and human rights the paper begins with an overview of how participation in sports became so work-like for many children. This is followed by an examination of the struggle to define such work as child labour. And the paper concludes with a consideration of how it may be possible to transform sport, protecting participants under the framework of children's and labour rights – nurturing children accomplished in sport without exploiting or abusing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]