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High prevalence and low control rate of hypertension have brought a significant disease burden globally. In order to improve the level of hypertension prevention and treatment, remote healthcare and digital medicine have been rapidly developed and widely used worldwide. Currently, there are no relevant regulations in China for these technologies. In 2023, the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension issued a position statement to guide the development, validation, and clinical use of remote medicine and digital healthcare. This article will interpret this position paper, focusing on the forms of application of telemedicine and digital healthcare in managing hypertension and its related cardiovascular diseases, key research evidence, existing advantages, as well as current opportunities and challenges. The aim is to guide general practitioners in China on how to utilize these technologies in managing hypertension and related cardiovascular conditions.

Interpretation plays a central role in using scientific models to explain natural phenomena: Meaning must be bestowed upon a model in terms of what it is and what it represents to be used for model explanations. However, it remains unclear how capacious and complex interpretation in models can be, particularly when conducted by the same group of scientists in the context of one explanatory project. This paper sheds light upon this question by examining modelling and explanatory practices related to the Olami-Feder-Christensen model of earthquakes. This case study shows that various interpretations are intricately connected in the overall meaning of a model used for model explanations. This leads to a manifold picture of interpretation, according to which scientific models are construed as networks of interconnected meanings. As scientists ponder and integrate these various interpretations, guided by locally attended epistemic interests, they achieve model explanations with layers of content, both in their explanantia and explananda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Latent Space Perspicacity and Interpretation Enhancement (LS-PIE) framework enhances dimensionality reduction methods for linear latent variable models (LVMs). This paper extends LS-PIE by introducing an optimal latent discovery strategy to automate identifying optimal latent dimensions and projections based on user-defined metrics. The latent condensing (LCON) method clusters and condenses an extensive latent space into a compact form. A new approach, latent expansion (LEXP), incrementally increases latent dimensions using a linear LVM to find an optimal compact space. This study compares these methods across multiple datasets, including a simple toy problem, mixed signals, ECG data, and simulated vibrational data. LEXP can accelerate the discovery of optimal latent spaces and may yield different compact spaces from LCON, depending on the LVM. This paper highlights the LS-PIE algorithm's applications and compares LCON and LEXP in organising, ranking, and scoring latent components akin to principal component analysis or singular value decomposition. This paper shows clear improvements in the interpretability of the resulting latent representations allowing for clearer and more focused analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World Heritage serial properties are groupings of several heritage component parts that share common themes and values. This paper examines how these serial properties, as well as their individual component parts, are influenced by serial interpretive dynamic, and how this dynamic affects on-site interpretation. We demonstrate these issues through the Israeli serial property inscription of the Biblical Tels – Megiddo, Hazor, Beer-Sheba (2005). We chart the revisions along the inscription process to point out the presence of an interpretive dynamic. We describe interpretive dynamic as the effect of the justifications of the nomination over heritage significance and interpretation, both within the realm of World Heritage and in each heritage property locally. This paper concludes that interpretive dynamic is an inevitable part of the serial process. We argue that the dynamic represents a gap between the frequent use of series as an inscription catalyst and their essence as value-oriented constructs. Considering this, we criticise the overuse of serial inscriptions and call for a revised definition that re-addresses the important place of interpretation in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the different notions of completeness applied in the EPR discussion following and amending the thorough analysis of Arthur Fine. To this aim, we propose a classification scheme for scientific theories that provides a methodology for analyzing the different levels at which interpretive approaches come into play. This allows us to contrast several concepts of completeness that operate on specific levels of the theory. We introduce the notion of theory completeness and compare it with the established notions of Born completeness, Schrödinger completeness and bijective completeness. We relate these notions to the recent concept of ψ -completeness and predictable completeness. The paper shows that the EPR argument contains conflicting versions of completeness. The confusion of these notions led to misunderstandings in the EPR debate and hindered its progress. Their clarification will thus contribute to recent debates on interpretational issues of quantum mechanics. Finally, we discuss the connection between the EPR paper and the Einstein–Rosen paper with regard to the question of completeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linear latent variable models such as principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis (ICA), canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and factor analysis (FA) identify latent directions (or loadings) either ordered or unordered. These data are then projected onto the latent directions to obtain their projected representations (or scores). For example, PCA solvers usually rank principal directions by explaining the most variance to the least variance. In contrast, ICA solvers usually return independent directions unordered and often with single sources spread across multiple directions as multiple sub-sources, severely diminishing their usability and interpretability. This paper proposes a general framework to enhance latent space representations to improve the interpretability of linear latent spaces. Although the concepts in this paper are programming language agnostic, the framework is written in Python. This framework simplifies the process of clustering and ranking of latent vectors to enhance latent information per latent vector and the interpretation of latent vectors. Several innovative enhancements are incorporated, including latent ranking (LR), latent scaling (LS), latent clustering (LC), and latent condensing (LCON). LR ranks latent directions according to a specified scalar metric. LS scales latent directions according to a specified metric. LC automatically clusters latent directions into a specified number of clusters. Lastly, LCON automatically determines the appropriate number of clusters to condense the latent directions for a given metric to enable optimal latent discovery. Additional functionality of the framework includes single-channel and multi-channel data sources and data pre-processing strategies such as Hankelisation to seamlessly expand the applicability of linear latent variable models (LLVMs) to a wider variety of data. The effectiveness of LR, LS, LC, and LCON is shown in two foundational problems crafted with two applied latent variable models, namely, PCA and ICA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares formal accounts that laboratory members use to describe a digital psychiatry intervention with lab practices as they were observed ethnographically. The intervention uses correlations between wearable data and self-reports of mood to produce behavior change recommendations, which participants then implement with the help of a guide. In formal accounts, the trial is described as the accomplishment of the individual participant who is empowered by data-driven insights. Formal accounts from the lab present this participant as multi-layered. In observation, however, participants do not seem multiple. Instead, the contingencies of living and working environments come to the fore. Observations of open-ended interactions in guidance sessions, which are minimized in formal accounts, are particularly powerful in capturing these contingencies. The critique of representation from philosophical pragmatism shows how the multi-layered participant is similar to the multiple representational meanings entities take on according to theories common in twentieth-century psychiatry, and supports the ethnographic approach as a way out of these paradoxical formulations. The paper, thus, explains the role of otherwise underspecified human labor involved in the trial, while demonstrating ethnography's ability to account for interactions with participants, through which we gain insights into the contingent, emplaced process of implementing the trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theory is the use of abstraction in the pursuit of understanding. In the human sciences, theory is a talmudic process of reading and conceptual dispute that carries the colligation of evidentiary signs (minimal interpretation) towards riskier, but more insightful and widely relevant, interpretations of the meanings, causes, and significance of human events (maximal interpretation). Yet, in making possible such maximal interpretations of society, politics, literature, and so forth, theory also introduces the possibility of overinterpreting evidence. Judgments that overinterpretation has occurred are made collectively within communities of inquiry. After developing Umberto Eco's theory of overinterpretation as part of a hermeneutic-semiotic account of theory in the human sciences, this paper conducts a case study of the rise and partial fall of the Marxist interpretation of the French Revolution. This reveals aspects of the process whereby patterns of maximal interpretation, carried through several academic generations, allow the development and refinement of knowledge and insight about an object of inquiry, on the one hand, and yet are subject to judgment as overinterpreted, on the other. Much more than a matter of falsification and/or the politics of intellectuals, the decline of the Marxist interpretation of the French Revolution involved a complex series of judgments about the degree to which an abstract theoretical terminology could continue to produce new and deeper understandings. In conclusion, the paper suggests that the talmudic aspect of social theory has affinities with the universal human capacity for thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of University of Sharjah Journal of Sharia & Islamic Studies (JSIS) is the property of University of Sharjah - Scientific Publishing Unit and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 1904, Peirce described to Lady Welby a six-division typology composed of the sign, two objects, and a trio of interpretants for which he subsequently proposed numerous denominations. Of the three, the final interpretant was particularly problematic, and over the years Peirce experimented with at least eight different identifying terms such as "final," "rational," "normal," "eventual," etc. One group of interpretants is especially interesting as it only occurs in a single manuscript but has attracted considerable critical attention, namely the emotional, energetic, and logical interpretant series in a projected article of 1907. The paper examines the description of these, paying particular attention to the logical interpretant, and suggests how important aspects of the logic determining how Peirce defined them may have been neglected or ignored by researchers. It first shows how the group was presented, how the logical interpretant related to Peirce's purpose in the article, how it related to a restricted conception of the dynamic object in the manuscript, and explains through an analysis of its logical complications why Peirce was led to abandon it. These considerations suggest that much of the critical attention that the logical interpretant in particular has generated might be incomplete or, more seriously, nonsense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Codebook; coding; emerge; interpretation; methodology; positivist; reflexivity; theme; theory; topic summary EN Codebook coding emerge interpretation methodology positivist reflexivity theme theory topic summary 424 445 22 04/11/22 20220401 NES 220401 In 2006, psychologists Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke published a paper entitled I Using thematic analysis in psychology i in I Qualitative Research in Psychology i . That type of analysis doesn't tell a thematic story. B Ginny: b One of the things that we articulated later (Braun and Clarke [11]; Braun, Clarke, and Rance [5]) is the idea of a central organising concept, the central idea of each theme. In the subsequent years they have written an award winning and best-selling qualitative research textbook I Successful Qualitative Research i (Braun and Clarke [11]), numerous chapters (e.g. Braun and Clarke [4]; Braun, Clarke, and Rance, [5]; Braun, Clarke, and Terry [6]; Braun, Clarke, and Weate, [7]; Clarke and Braun [21]), encyclopaedia entries (Clarke and Braun [18], [19]), commentaries (Braun and Clarke [13], [14]; Clarke and Braun [23]) and editorials (Braun and Clarke [12]; Clarke and Braun [22]), and created a website (https://www.psych.auckland.ac.nz/en/about/our-research/research-groups/thematic-analysis.html), about TA, as well as written chapters and papers (e.g. Braun, Clarke, and Gray [9]; Clarke and Braun [24]), and co-edited a book and a special issue related to other aspects of qualitative research (Braun et al. [15]; Braun, Clarke, and Gray [8]). That we can offer more on: Ginny and Victoria are currently finishing that very paper, and it will eventually be available in a forthcoming Special Issue of I Qualitative Research in Psychology i on quality in qualitative research (Clarke and Braun [25]). [Extracted from the article]

This paper explores the role of Intercept Interpreters/Translators (IITs) in law enforcement communication surveillance efforts. It focuses on the production and reliability of Translated Intercept Records (TIR), which are comprehensive written records in the target language that may be produced for intelligence purposes or for use in court as Translated Intercept Evidence (TIE). The paper underscores the critical importance of reliable TIR for both evidentiary use and operational decision-making. The authors emphasise the need to establish minimal standards in the quest for reliability and dispel the misconception that literal translations fulfil evidentiary requirements. The standards proposed in this paper aim to minimise interpretation errors to enhance the overall effectiveness of investigations and safeguard the interests of justice. The paper concludes by highlighting the need to align judicial expectations with sound translation practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Albanian native thinking influences the work of Albanian interpreters in intercultural professional settings, particularly when interpreting in English. It explores how cultural awareness impacts the interpreting process and whether linguistic proficiency alone is sufficient for interpreters. The study specifically addresses the extent to which Albanian interpreters must be familiar with the cultural backgrounds and native thinking of the speakers they interpret for, in order to avoid cultural misunderstandings and clashes. This research employs an empirical approach using a case study method, conducted on a sample of approximately 40 Albanian interpreters working with various languages. Through interviews and real-life interpreting scenarios, the study gathered data on how native thinking and cultural attitudes affect the quality and accuracy of interpretation, particularly in simultaneous and consecutive interpreting contexts. The results reveal that Albanian native thinking significantly impacts the interpretation process. Interpreters who solely focus on linguistic proficiency, without considering cultural nuances, are more likely to encounter misunderstandings and cultural biases in their work. The findings emphasize the importance of minimizing native thinking and adopting a global mindset to achieve culturally sensitive interpretations. The conclusions drawn from the study suggest that successful interpretation requires interpreters to transcend their native linguistic and cultural frameworks. To deliver accurate and effective interpretations, especially in international settings, interpreters must be deeply aware of both the language and cultural contexts of the speakers they interpret for. Based on the results, the recommendations suggest that interpreter training programs should include a focus on cultural competence and global perspectives, beyond linguistic mastery, to prepare interpreters for the challenges of intercultural communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Crónica Tributaria is the property of Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Ministerio de Hacienda y Funcion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we revisit the inspiration of J. Kořenský's work on the problem of metaphor in scientific reflection on language. For us, the notion of noetic instrumentalisation of metaphor is the main concept by which the author captures that metaphor is an essential tool for interpreting, representing and modelling the processes of linguistic activity. We find Kořenský's analysis of the noetic instrumentalisation of game inspiring, pointing out that the same metaphorical concept allows, on the one hand, for unifying interpretations of language, but also for interpretations that are in an ambivalent or even polemical relationship. In our study, we analyse the noetic ambivalence of the metaphor of fabric, which functions as a means of interpreting language/speech in two conflicting methodological lines: on the one hand, in a structural linguistic methodological framework, where it harmonises with the instrumentalist approach to language; on the other hand, in a social interactionist framework, where the conceptualisation of speech activity as fabric is used to explain the socially practical linguistic reality of language. The aim of the analysis is to answer the question of what lies behind the noetic ambivalence of this metaphor. To explain this, we draw on J. Dolník's (2014) reflections on the role of autonomisation in interpreting, and distinguish between the resultative and emergent nature of the metaphorical base in scientific interpretation using metaphor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores whether and in what situation the smiling face emoji will influence the interpretation of an utterance in a virtual context. The researchers drew examples from daily WeChat communication and posted them to participants in the experiment. Experimental studies found that the smiling face emoji decreases the politeness of an utterance but does not mitigate the illocutionary force of an impolite utterance. Further studies demonstrate that the interpretation is related to two features of WeChat: the interactant's identity (age) and the situation of communication. For one thing, utterances with smiling face emoji may be interpreted as disrespectful by younger Chinese rather than the older. For another, the smiling face emoji is always interpreted as impolite when the utterances are related to the interactants' feelings. We also infer from the findings that older people might respect the feelings of the addresser more than younger people in WeChat communication. This paper will help avoid miscommunication and contribute to understanding the socio-cultural features of interpersonal interaction in a virtual context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern medicine, laboratory tests play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients. However, the volume and complexity of the data obtained can create challenges for interpreting the results. In this paper, we present a study on the application of integrated automation of a medical laboratory using OpenAI for a more accurate and effective interpretation of laboratory results. Interpreting laboratory results through integrated automation using artificial intelligence (AI) and other digital technologies automatically analyzes and interprets laboratory results. This approach aims to streamline the process of interpreting laboratory results and provide more accurate, consistent and timely results to healthcare providers. Comprehensive automation of the interpretation of laboratory results can improve the efficiency and accuracy of laboratory results, leading to improved patient outcomes and better clinical decision-making. However, it is essential to note that AI models are imperfect and can still make mistakes. Therefore, healthcare professionals should always review automated interpretation results before diagnosing or treating. The work presented results in applying OpenAI to interpret laboratory results in the laboratory information system smartLAB Kazakhstan, which provides a complete cycle of automation of all medical laboratory processes. In the course of the study, an automated information system of a medical research complex using artificial intelligence was developed and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using health indices (HIs) to characterize machine conditions is greatly helpful to prevent machine failures and their subsequent catastrophe. Fusion and interpretation of the main contributions of HIs to machine condition monitoring are still challenging. In this paper, an interpretable fusion methodology of HIs is proposed for machine condition monitoring. The proposed methodology begins with elements of statistical learning for classification, following by an essence of how HIs are fused with their associated linear weights to realize machine condition monitoring. One main contribution of this paper gives a theoretical justification for positive and negative weights of the proposed fusion methodology for understanding their importance for machine condition monitoring and making the proposed methodology physically interpretable. In order to be suitable for two practical situations, in which whether faulty data are available or not, two solutions including an offline solution with healthy and faulty datasets and an online solution with only available healthy datasets are suggested to estimate interpretable weights of the proposed methodology. Finally, industrial turbine cavitation status data collected from our group are used to verify the proposed methodology and show its superiority to two existing popular machine fault diagnosis methods. This article is part of the theme issue 'Physics-informed machine learning and its structural integrity applications (Part 2)'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tabayyun is the property of Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Virtual Archaeology Review is the property of Virtual Archaeology Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims at examining the meaning of the two Chinese characters “清” (Qing) and “真” (Zhen) once used singly as well as combined together in the Chinese classical literature showing why and how the Chinese Muslim scholars have Islamized them by applying the Confucian ways and Taoist methods at the civilization and culture dialogue level. Thus, the paper demonstrates evolution of the term “Qing Zhen” which has eventually become special for Muslims in China. Meanwhile, the paper discusses the related critical issues, such as the epistemology of the Ḥalāl Food and its current status of legislation in China, etc. Lastly, the author comes with some humble suggestions which tie with the results of the study by wishing for Muslims, in China or anywhere else, to reexamine their conducts and to reconsider how to inherit Islamic civilization as well as how to hand it down to the next generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In various real-world domains, the problem of imbalanced data poses a significant challenge since it affects the efficiency and trustworthiness of machine learning models. This article investigates Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods for studying models created on imbalanced datasets. The main objective of this paper is to assess models trained on DOSMOTE resampled balanced datasets. Using XAI techniques, the study seeks to understand better inner processes that lead to model decisions. The methodology involves combining DOSMOTE resampling with XAI to provide holistic evaluation through both qualitative and quantitative analysis. It should be noted that F1-Scores of balanced datasets improve significantly: from 76% to 87% for Web-Phishing; and from 58% to 73% for Hayes-Roth. This research highlights the need for XAI in enhancing interpretability of models trained on resampled imbalanced data sets. It also shows how resampling affects decision making in a model while performing and recommends investigating other resampling techniques or combinations with XAI methods aimed at improving model interpretability and transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Sciences & Humanities Studies / Društvene i Humanističke Studije (DHS) is the property of Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Tuzla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present paper aims to propose a new learning and interpretation method called "impartial competitive learning", meaning that all participants in a competition should be winners. Due to its importance, the impartiality is forced to be realised even by increasing the corresponding cost in terms of the strength of weights. For the first approximation, three types of impartial competition can be developed: componential, computational, and collective competition. In the componential competition, every weight should have an equal chance on average to win the competition. In the computational competition, all computational procedures should have an equal chance to be applied sequentially in learning. In collective computing for interpretation, all network configurations, obtained by learning, have an equal chance to participate in a process of interpretation, representing one of the most idealised forms of impartiality. The method was applied to a well-known second-language-learning data set. The intuitive conclusion, stressed in the specific science, could not be extracted by the conventional natural language processing methods, because they can deal only with word frequency. The present method tried to extract a main feature beyond the word frequency by competing connection weights and computational procedures impartially, followed by collective and impartial competition for interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geocultural sites combine a high cultural and natural heritage value and are particularly suitable for the interpretation and promotion of cultural and natural heritage. Based on previous geoheritage inventories, this paper analyzes seven geocultural sites in Jebel Dahar (Southeast Tunisia) from the perspective of temporal interrelationships. Through a synthesis on the development of the natural landscape of Jebel Dahar and its occupation by human beings, the work focuses on the importance of the interweaving of temporal scales in the analysis and interpretation of geocultural sites. A specific methodology in four steps is proposed: (i) a synthesis on the components of the site in the form of a text; (ii) a summary table built according to a temporal scale composed of six periods (geological, geomorphological, prehistoric, historical, present and future); (iii) a graphical representation of the interweaving of these temporal scales; (iv) a cartographic representation of the results of the analysis. Steps (iii) and (iv) were applied only to the geocultural sites of Matmata-Beni Issa and Douiret. The paper also emphasizes the importance of the interweaving of temporal scales in the interpretation of geocultural sites. These scales could be part of the criteria for the inventory, selection, evaluation, interpretation and management of geocultural sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The paper concerns additional geological appraisal and identification of extra localization criteria of cupriferous mineralization of a stratiform type. The research is intended to define physical and geological factors influencing sandstone distribution within the north-end of Zhezkazgan synclinal in the Central Kazakhstan. Methods. A complex analysis of geological and mineralogical, geophysical, and geochemical data was carried out relying upon the information obtained from deep-hole wells. Modern methods to process and interpret the field data were applied. The analysis involved lithological dismemberment of the productive Taskuduk suite as well as determination of sulfide mineralization zone boundaries. Findings. The research has shown that the productive levels reach down to 1500-m depth. The data interpretation has helped specify the geological structure and develop a model of ore-promising bodies of cupriferous sandstones at great depth. The applied complex data analysis has increased potential to prospect new loci of productive cupriferous sandstone deposits of Zhezkazgan type. Originality. The research has contributed significantly to understanding of the physical and geological factors influencing the copper ore distribution in deep layers. New physical and geological criteria, determining deep copper mineralization localization, have been identified which were not considered by earlier similar studies. Practical implications. The obtained new data as well as the developed methods are important while deep drilling planning and implementing to identify promising copper mineralization sites. The findings may be used to optimize exploration within the north-end of Zhezkazgan synclinal, and other districts having analogous geological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vesna Parun's poetry collection Vjetar Trakije was published in 1964. It is related to the Bulgarian part of Parun's civil and creative biography. It abounds in longer poems and miniatures united by Parun's poetics of Mediterraneanism and neosymbolism. As one of the stylistic markers of poetic speech in the poems' formation, we singled out the imaginative reflection that shapes parts, and sometimes entire poems. It is one of the points of poetic discourse, i.e. its content and style. In this paper, we will analyze reflection as an expression that is not as such represented in traditional theories of literature, but is derived from philosophy (Cassirer) and individual literary theoretical analyses (Freidenberg, Stamać). Its imaginative performance rests on pictorial syntax and semantics, and its meaning is based on the mental presentation of the subject world in the poem. We divide it by subject fields and content, and analyze it using literary stylistic procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the laboratory analysis of geological data, a number of problems arise due to the insufficient accuracy of the results. For example, different laboratories may provide different end results for the same samples, which creates a problem. This can lead to unreliable results, which can ultimately reduce the quality of the assessment. Machine learning allows to speed up the processing of radar data, as well as avoid the above-mentioned «misunderstandings». The problem of conducting scientific research at specialized landfills for a comprehensive assessment of the possibilities of using computer technology in the interpretation of georadar profiles is urgent. This makes it possible to objectively evaluate the result of automatic interpretation of georadar data. The several machine-learning algorithms described in the article are designing to improve the analysis and interpretation of data by incorporating various methods for optimizing georadar data processing processes. These methods include regression, classification and clustering. By incorporating these methods of optimizing the processing of georadar data into several machine-learning algorithms, the software can provide a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the data obtained. This allows for a better understanding of the relationships, patterns and trends in the data, which ultimately leads to more informed decision-making and improved understanding. To improve the understanding of the results, the following quantitative indicators were obtained: correlation coefficient - 0.7072, determination coefficient - 0.5001, all these indicators correspond to these models. The deviation from the regression line is on average 22.37 units. Based on the classification results, the soil was determined to be wet. Errors in the sets do not exceed 1 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scrutinising Santner's comments on his own method in his recent book Untying Things Together, the paper argues that at the heart of Santner's theoretical endeavour lies something that might be called "the flesh of all words." To elaborate this thesis, I begin, following a corresponding hint by Santner himself, with a description of Freud's peculiar "way of working with concepts" in his The Interpretation of Dreams. From there I move on to the analysis of an author who has been one of Santner's main points of reference at least since his Psychotheology of Everyday Life: Franz Rosenzweig. The paper outlines Rosenzweig's self-interpretation in his essay "'The New Thinking'" and compares the specific methodology explained and developed in this text with the main work of Ferdinand Ebner, whose closeness to his own work Rosenzweig himself emphasised. Finally, against the background of these theoretical conceptions, I will borrow one of Santner's own neologisms and use it to describe his work as the "encystance" on/of this flesh of all words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores some challenges of archaeological interpretation and classification through an enclosure at Inchnadamph in Sutherland, northwestern Scotland, a site that has proven difficult to interpret. Despite a small number of archaeological interventions, including topographic and geophysical survey and excavation, the site remains enigmatic. We discuss the different interpretations suggested for the site in turn, concluding that the enclosure does not fit readily into existing classification schemes. This raises issues surrounding the use of classification systems, prior assumptions, and the need for critical thinking in interpretation. These are universal issues, applicable beyond the Scottish example chosen, and this paper highlights concerns and difficulties encountered by all who deal with the classification of sites and monuments. Ultimately, this challenges some of our preconceptions and sheds light on the limits of our knowledge, as well as the limits of our classification systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Qur'an came down from on high to inspire the entire humanity to find the right way of life, to serve as self-evident proofs that it was from Allah, and to act as a criterion to differentiate between the right and the wrong1. It is then quite natural for every human being to understand the message of the Qur'an. Muslim scholars have played their role to facilitate this task to access to the Qur'an's messages. As it appears, the great Muslim scholars did not pinpointedly outline the principles/methodology/rules of Qur'anic interpretation. Practically, they devoted their efforts to interpret the Qur'an through the Qur'an, Sunnah of the Last Prophet (s.a.w.), views of the Companions and their Disciples, historical backgrounds, and linguistic dimensions of classical Arabic. These ways represent sources of interpretation of the Qur'an rather than methodology of interpretation of the Qur'an. Merely using sources to understand the Qur'an does not necessarily indicate to how to use the sources. The present paper represents a humble attempt to identify and explain new rules/methodology/principles to interpret the Qur'an. The methodology applied to this task is critical analysis. The conclusion reached is that application of new proposed methodology makes the task to interpret the Qur'an easy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the countries where we have the construction of the legal system with the new laws, the ambiguity of the legal norms in the new laws in some cases is almost inevitable. But commenting on laws and judicial practice will be of great help to bring about the implementation of all legal norms as was the intention of the legislator, because the correct interpretation of legal provisions is a necessity of any legal order that creates a legal security for all citizens equally. Of course, the object of legal interpretation or clarification is not only written legal-civil norms, but also those that are part of customary law. The issue of interpretation of laws currently represents a fundamental concern for citizens and legal institutions, looking for a smart and innovative approach to address this issue effectively and sustainably. In this context, this paper aims to identify and analyze the advantages and challenges of legal doctrine and interpretation in the contemporary context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an interdisciplinary literature review, based on empirical evidence, this research approaches different ways of interpreting silence(s) in three qualitative research methods—ethnography, focus groups and interviews—which, by their nature, are conducive to practices that resort to silence as units of meaning. The findings presented in this paper demonstrate how, in different data collection techniques, it is possible to rethink not only the whole conception of what silence is but also what silence can (or cannot) help to express. From a qualitative perspective in the social sciences and humanities, silence can in itself be a means of expression and a valid communication resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alsun Beni-suef International Journal of Linguistics, Translation & Literature / Mağallaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Alsun Banī Swaīf Al-Dawliyyaẗ Li Luġawīyāt wa Al-Tarğamaẗ wa Al-Adab is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When dealing with the daily demands of a sustainable approach in architecture and the rapid development of society, we must accept change and time as an integral part of a building system. An adaptable approach understands architecture as a non-linear process which enables a dynamic response to changing environmental and contextual conditions with the aim to extend the life of a building. The application of adaptability is as ambivalent as the term itself. Therefore, the paper opens a discussion on differ-ent perceptions of adaptability in architecture. Adaptability cannot be only under-stood as moving partitions or vast open spaces. There is a variety of different princi-ples leading to adaptability that can prove the versatility of use - from the basic un-derstanding of flexibility to comprehensive polyvalence. The paper discusses the relationship between capacity and tendency of an architectural space and its compo-nents. The discussed relationship is based on actual and virtual properties of an ob-ject and their finiteness of interpretation. The paper focuses on non-linear strategies such as a narrative, feed-back and interpretation that could be applied to design to achieve adaptability as part of the proposed strategy called ephemeral occupancies. The manifold of strategies is discussed, and the result of the conceptual analysis is a framework distinguishing non-linear strategy supporting the divergence of capacity and tendency in the context of adaptability.

The concept of equality is very abstract and broad in its nature. Different definitions of equality exist in the history of human knowledge. In the postmodern age, the idea of a universal definition of equality has become like a myth. Religious metaphysics draws its theorization on revelation. After the feminist intellectual resistance against patriarchy, it became more complicated and controversial. Many feminist thinkers revisit history through women's perspective. In the tradition of Islam, many Islamic feminist thinkers like Asma Barlas, Amina Wadud and Liela Ahmed present the particular theorization by women on gender equality. From the gender's perspective, Asma Barlas and Amina Wadud reinterpret the holy Quran. Their hermeneutical works are an important attempt to prove gender equality from the Qur'an. This article would focus on the work of Molana Ayyub Dehlvi (herein after Molana) and his interpretation of gender equality, being an orthodox religious scholar, Molana's interpretation is important and has not been discussed previously in the mainstream literature on Islamic feminism. The researchers used textual analysis with special reference to Molana Ayyub Dehlvi's work. The paper explains the prophetic status of women in the context of gender equality. This prophetic status strengthens the role of women and also breaks the stereotypes which exist in the contemporary intellectual world against Islam. The paper contributes to the discourse on gender equality in Islam. Moreover, it also sheds light on this discussion within the Islamic tradition of the sub-continent by a male religious scholar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rize Theology Journal / Rize Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Rize Theology Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper explores the probabilistic interpretations of algebraic inequalities and presents several findings. First, the inequality of the additive ratios can be used to increase the probability of an event occurring within a set of mutually exclusive and exhaustive events. The interpretation of this inequality produced a counter‐intuitive result, that for suppliers delivering the same quantity of reliable products alongside unknown numbers of unreliable products, the probability of purchasing a reliable product from a randomly selected supplier is higher than the probability of purchasing a reliable product from the market formed by all suppliers. Next, the paper discusses how averaging the reliabilities of components from different varieties can lead to a significant overestimation of the calculated system reliability, as demonstrated by another algebraic inequality interpretation. Finally, the paper derives tight bounds for the reliability of demand in a load‐strength interference model by interpreting the Hayashi's inequality. Notably, these bounds do not depend on the shape of the load distribution and only require the strength distribution to be known in relatively small vicinities of the lower and upper bound of the load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Horniman Museum and Gardens, London published a group of visitor guides and handbooks from 1904 to 1977 under the series title "Horniman Museum and Library Publications" to accompany the permanent galleries. This paper presents a bibliography for the series, which covered subjects in zoology and anthropology. The series included 16 publications. Many had multiple editions. Authors were not always identified explicitly, and attribution was assigned to the institution. This paper identifies authors and other notable contributors for each volume. The Horniman stopped assigning new publications to the series at the end of the 1930s; however, new guides and handbooks continued to be published in similar fashion. Some of those later publications asserted continuity, claiming to be new editions. Others did not. Both continuities and breaks reveal aspects of work within the museum environment as well as trends in British museum engagement with its audiences. For instance, simplification is a profound trend over successive editions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]