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This article proposes a historical-sociological lens to approach coercive and violent relations within remunerated household labor. Drawing from Orlando Patterson, these relations are understood as interpersonal relations of domination with the concept of domestic servitude. They are analyzed in a qualitative empirical case study on socioculturally isolated domestic workers in Lima, Peru. While the paper attends to scholars concerning migration and domestic work, its main sociological contribution is to empirically and theoretically enrich debates on "unfreedom" beyond economic exploitation. It argues for a reflective and differentiated elaboration on sociocultural dimensions of coercion and violence that are embedded in colonial and patriarchal power structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the intrahousehold allocation of housework and paid work in five Latin American countries. Prior work has consistently shown that income plays a major role in the region’s large gender gaps in the distribution of unpaid work at the aggregate level. However, the extent to which earnings shape intrahousehold decisions regarding the allocation of unpaid work remains unexplored. Using harmonized time-use surveys for Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay, we analyze the relationship between earnings and housework drawing on the framework of the dependency, gender deviance neutralization, and autonomy. We find that in Latin America, increases in women’s absolute earnings are related to decreases in the hours women devote to housework. At the same time, the allocation of men’s time into housework does not seem to be related to their own or their partners’ earnings. Against our expectations, differences in contextual gender inequality across countries does not seem to be relevant. These findings help us assess how well existing theories, formulated to account for phenomena of the developed world, apply to more unequal contexts that have higher levels of gender inequality and where a high proportion of women are excluded from paid work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across many countries, girls perform more unpaid work than boys. This article shows how the time young women and girls spend in unpaid household work contributes to the gender pay gap that is already evident by age 22. The study analyzes employment participation, type of employment, and wages using five waves of the Young Lives longitudinal survey for Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam. Spending longer hours in unpaid household work in adolescence positively predicts later employment participation but has a scarring effect in negatively predicting job quality (that is a job with a private or public organization) and hourly earnings, particularly for women. Blinder–Oaxaca decompositions of the gender wage gap show young women's penalty for past household work is due to longer hours of such work rather than a higher penalty for women for a given amount of unpaid work. HIGHLIGHTS Participation in unpaid household work and paid work is gendered from a young age. Time in unpaid household work as children impacts young adults' employment. Time in household work in adolescence is linked to lower job quality in adulthood. Girls' longer hours in household work contribute to the gender wage gap. Girls spend less time than boys in play or leisure at all ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]