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The IPCC's scientific assessment of the timing of net‐zero emissions and 2030 emission reduction targets consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C or 2°C rests on large scenario databases. Updates to this assessment, such as between the IPCC's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR1.5) of warming and the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), are the result of intertwined, sometimes opaque, factors. Here we isolate one factor: the Earth System Model emulators used to estimate the global warming implications of scenarios. We show that warming projections using AR6‐calibrated emulators are consistent, to within around 0.1°C, with projections made by the emulators used in SR1.5. The consistency is due to two almost compensating changes: the increase in assessed historical warming between SR1.5 (based on AR5) and AR6, and a reduction in projected warming due to improved agreement between the emulators' response to emissions and the assessment to which it is calibrated. Plain Language Summary: The IPCC's latest physical science report, the Working Group 1 Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), was released in August 2021. That report includes an update to the tools used to project the climate outcome of emission scenarios. Here we apply these newly calibrated tools, called earth system model emulators, to the set of scenarios assessed in the IPCC's Special Report on warming of 1.5°C (SR1.5). We find that two compensating changes lead to a remarkable consistency (peak warming projections within 0.1°C) between the projections made by the emulators used in SR1.5 and their descendants used in AR6. First, updates to the historical warming assessment since the SR1.5 (which was based on the IPCC's 2013 physical science report (AR5)) increase future warming projections. However, improved consistency between the emulators and the assessment of the underlying physics, particularly the short‐term warming response to emissions, lowers warming projections by an approximately equivalent amount. Our work reinforces the key messages from the IPCC: limiting warming to around 1.5°C is a great and urgent challenge, and it is up to us to decide whether we pull out all the stops to hold temperatures around 1.5°C or whether we sail on by. Key Points: Emulators used in IPCC Special Report on warming of 1.5°C and Sixth Assessment Report are remarkably consistent, despite their entirely new calibrationsThe consistency is due to two compensating factors: change in assessed historical warming and improvements to emulator calibration methods [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When only higher-confidence net-zero targets are included on top of current policies (case B), global warming is projected to increase to 2.4°C by 2100 (range due to emissions projection uncertainties: 1.7° to 3.0°C) - missing global climate goals by a long way. INSIGHTS Clobal climate policy is undergoing a rite of passage. Global warming projections mirror this uncertainty, with best-estimate emissions leading to a median temperature projection for the year 2100 of 2.6°C, with a range of 1.7° to 3.0°C, depending on how policies are assumed to continue after 2030 (see the figure) (table S6). [Extracted from the article]

A recent article published in SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences titled "The dry-hot feedback between soil moisture and atmosphere and the accelerated global warming" explores the relationship between soil moisture and global warming. The study finds that the interaction between soil moisture and the atmosphere contributes to more than 20% of global land warming in the past 20 years and significantly accelerates the process of global warming. The authors project that this feedback loop will lead to additional warming in the future, with some regions experiencing an increase of more than 2.0°C. The "dry-hot" feedback loop is most pronounced in the dry-wet transition zones, such as North America and Europe, and can lead to extreme climate events and the deterioration of ecosystems and human settlements. [Extracted from the article]

There is growing recognition that soil moisture plays a crucial role in regulating the response of tundra carbon cycling to climate warming. Overall, Zona et al. ([13]) show tundra carbon fluxes are sensitive to not only summer air temperatures but also soil moisture, underscoring that warming alone may not increase net carbon uptake if soil moisture limits vegetation productivity during summer. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a study that explores how experimental warming reduces ecosystem resistance and resilience to severe flooding in a wetland. It mentions that how climate warming and extreme hydrological events have been threatening the sustainability of wetlands across the globe. It demonstrate how severe flooding can destabilize wetland vegetation structure and ecosystem function under climate warming.

The article focuses on the increasing threat of wildfires in Chile's Valparaíso region, a consequence of human activities, flammable plantations, and prolonged droughts, resulting in significant destruction and loss of life. Topics discussed include the need for robust governance and land-use planning to mitigate the impact of wildfires, strategies for creating less fire-prone landscapes, and the importance of strengthening fire prevention programs and building defensive firebreaks.

The article highlights a study on the environmental impact of anaesthesia which estimated that the cumulative release of volatile anaesthetic agents into our environment has a global warming potential (GWP) equivalent to that of the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from one coal-fired power plan.

The National Academy of Science has published studies showing strong scientific evidence that global warming is caused by human consumption of fossil fuels, yet recent surveys have shown young adults in the U.S. are disengaged or disagree with this fact. Accordingly, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published learning objectives to educate the world population on global warming and renewable energy by 2030. In this paper, we introduce a reflective writing activity physics educators can employ to foster a deeper understanding of global warming in introductory college physics and physical science courses, without overloading their teaching time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Working as a paediatric doctor it has recently come to my attention that nitrous oxide (N SB 2 sb O) is a particularly potent greenhouse gas and should be something that we aim to avoid using where possible or at least stringently control. Since discovering the terrible environmental impact of nitrous oxide, I use oral sedation for my ward procedural sedation: oral midazolam in the over 1-year old and chloral hydrate in those less than 1. Nitrous oxide is increasingly popular for procedural sedation in the paediatric emergency department and the ward setting due to its quick onset, quick clearance and lack of respiratory depression. [Extracted from the article]

The IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 degC (Allen I et al i ., 2018) (SR1.5) concluded with high confidence that extremely hot days are projected to be 3 degC warmer at global warming of 1.5 degC, and 4 degC warmer at 2 degC, with the largest increases in the number of hot days projected to be in the tropics. The SR1.5 concluded that 13% of the global land area was projected to undergo ecosystem transformation at 2 degC global warming but limiting warming to 1.5 degC could reduce this area by 50%. Sea level Limiting global warming to 1.5 degC is projected to reduce sea level rise by around 0.1m compared to 2 degC by 2100, although sea level will continue to rise well beyond 2100 (Allen I et al i ., 2018). [Extracted from the article]