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The relationship between economic growth (in terms of GDP) and renewable energy (RE) and nonrenewable energy (NRE) consumption was investigated in 20 countries featured on the Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index list, also known as the Paris Club. The effect of both RE and NRE consumption on economic growth is discussed in the growth model based on the neoclassical production function. Labor and capital, which are important dynamics of growth, are also considered in the model. Granger causality and panel vector autoregression analysis are performed for the period 1991–2016. The results show that neither RE nor NRE consumption has a positive effect on economic growth. In reality, a 1% increase in RE consumption will reduce the GDP growth by 0.14%. For the effect of GDP growth on energy types, if growth increases by 1%, NRE consumption increases by 5.54%. If economic growth increases by 1%, a reduction of 1.73% occurs in RE consumption. In contrast, a causal link between both types of energy to growth has not been determined. There is no statistically significant coefficient of NRE and capital factors on GDP. A mutually positive and statistically significant relationship was determined between labor and growth. According to the results of variance decomposition, the basic dynamic of growth is itself: over a ten-year period, growth was affected by itself by 98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to research the relation among environmental quality and renewable energy in the RECAI country group. The study used per capita CO2 emission, energy intensity, and Aggregate National Savings as a measure of environmental quality. Other variables used in the study are renewable energy consumption, fossil fuel consumption, GDP per capita, and foreign direct investments. In the study, three different models to see different environmental quality indicators by panel quantile method for 19202090–. According to the results obtained, unlike other models, renewable energy consumption in model 1 positively affects energy intensity in all quantiles. In other words, renewable energy consumption negatively affects environmental quality. In model 1 and model 3, the coefficients of fossil fuel consumption were positive and negative, respectively. Unlike model 2, the coefficient estimates of fossil fuel consumption in model 3 were predominantly negative. Fossil fuel consumption shows a positive effect on environmental quality, which is similar to model 1. Economic growth negatively affects environmental quality in all models. There is a one-way causal relationship from renewable energy consumption to energy intensity and energy intensity to growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]