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Background: The United Nations through its Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3 and 5 has championed Women empowerment for exclusive breastfeeding through various action plans and expected the concept to be decentralized through locally mandatory implementation of various institutional policies and programs in member Countries. Using Kabeer's empowerment concept, the authors in this paper assessed availability and implementation of breastfeeding policies and programs in three public universities in Ghana. Methods: The study design was an exploratory-descriptive-case study involving university employees and student mothers from three public universities in Ghana. The universities were selected via simple random approach whilst selection of participants was purposive. Data were collected between April and July 2018 using an unstructured interview guide developed by the authors, audio recordings, field notes and desktop review of documents. Manual thematic analysis of data was done to present results descriptively. The University of Cape-Coast Ethics Review Board approved the study. Results: Thirty-six respondents participated in the study. Three main themes (Breastfeeding policy and programs, Institutional support, and views on Breastfeeding/Childcare support) emerged. Despite being gender/child friendly, none of the universities in this study has a formal breastfeeding/childcare policy/program and there are no immediate policy plans for on-campus facilities to enhance breastfeeding. Financial cost emerged as a major challenge hindering the universities from implementing a policy/program in this regard. On the part of student mothers, lack of legal protection, lack of breastfeeding-friendly university policies, inadequate availability of breastfeeding facilities, and insufficient awareness of the importance of breastfeeding among nursing mothers has been a major setback for breastfeeding on campus, hence nursing mothers continue to make personal but challenging arrangements for breastfeeding on university campuses. Conclusions: The study findings reflect negative implications for childcare as it affects optimal child nutrition, hence impacting on achieving the SDGs 3 and 5 in Ghana. The authors recommend introducing formal breastfeeding-friendly policies/programs as one of the criteria for accreditation of universities in Ghana to enhance optimal childcare and sound maternal mind for studies and/or work once there is an assurance of child safety and proximity to breastfeed on demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research used a qualitative study method which is to draw analysis from inductive angles. Our objectives were, first, to determine the impact of remuneration on the job satisfaction of employees, second, to further understand whether there is equity in remuneration policies that are applied to employees in general, and third, to establish other remuneration systems that exist in most hospitality pay policies. This research aimed to assess the impact of remuneration and job satisfaction among hotel workers, there is a need to gather data on remuneration and job satisfaction of hospitality services in Ghana. This is an inductive study based on a non-probability sampling technique. A quota sampling of 50 AH Hotel workers responded to the questionnaire. Quota sampling is a non-probability sampling method that relies on the non-random selection or convenience of a predetermined number or proportion of units. The research designed closed-ended and open questions in the interview questionnaire (as a data collection instrument of a qualitative nature) which the respondents gave their feedback. The research findings show that remuneration payment has a greater impact on job satisfaction because many of the employees were happy with their salaries/wages. This is the reason why they are retained as loyal staff with good morale, punctuality at work, and, good team players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of leaders' abusive supervision on employees' work engagement in the health sector. The study further examined the interactive effect of leaders' abusive supervision and employees' proactive personality on work engagement via employees' silence. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 343 health workers in five hospitals in Ghana. The Hayes Process Macro and AMOS were used to analyse mediation, moderation and moderated-mediation relationships Findings: The study findings indicate that leaders' abusive supervision has a detrimental impact on employees' work engagement. The study further found that employees' silence did not mediate the relationship between abusive supervision and work engagement. Employees' proactive personalities positively moderated the relationship between abusive supervision and employees' silence. Originality/value: This study advances understanding of how perceived leaders' abusive supervision affects health workers' work engagement. This study contributes to the literature by confirming employees' silence as a pathway linking abusive supervision to work engagement. The study further identifies employees' proactive personality as a moderating variable in the relationship between abusive supervision and employees' silence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study examined the influence of servant leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) of employees in Ghana through the intervening roles of public service motivation (PSM) and the length of time spent with the leader. Design/methodology/approach: A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 328 randomly sampled respondents within the six metropoles in Ghana for data analysis. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to address the hypotheses of the study. Findings: The study found that servant leadership has a significant positive influence on OCB and PSM. The study also found that PSM significantly and positively influences OCB. The study finally established that whiles PSM significantly mediated the relationship between servant leadership and OCB, the length of time spent with leaders did not moderate the servant leadership and OCB nexus. Practical implications: The study implies that stakeholders in the local government sector, such as the Local Government Service Board, should emphasise employing or promoting supervisors who are servant leadership-driven to occupy key positions within the local government structure. Efforts could also be made to train the supervisors to acquire servant leadership traits. Originality/value: The results from the study provide significant insights on how the public sector in Ghana and beyond can identify, develop and maintain servant leaders to promote employees OCB. Also, being a pioneering study in Ghana, the results and recommendations from the study have set the pace for future scholars to discuss issues that engulf the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]