10 results
Search Results
2. An empirical analysis of long-term Brazilian interest rates.
- Author
-
Akram T and Uddin SA
- Subjects
- Brazil, Models, Economic, Models, Statistical, Models, Theoretical, Public Policy, Commerce, Economics, Inflation, Economic
- Abstract
This paper empirically models the dynamics of Brazilian government bond (BGB) yields based on monthly macroeconomic data, in the context of the evolution of the key macroeconomic variables in Brazil. The results show that the current short-term interest rate has a decisive influence on the long-term interest rate on BGBs, after controlling for various key macroeconomic variables, such as inflation and industrial production. These findings support John Maynard Keynes's claim that the central bank's actions influence the long-term interest rate on government bonds mainly through the current short-term interest rate. These findings have important policy implications for Brazil. This paper relates the findings of the estimated models to ongoing debates in fiscal and monetary policies., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The cigarette market in Brazil: new evidence on illicit practices from the 2019 National Health Survey.
- Author
-
Szklo, André Salem and Drope, Jeffrey
- Subjects
MIDDLE-income countries ,SMOKING ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SALES personnel ,BUSINESS ,INDUSTRIES ,TAXATION ,TOBACCO products ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,LOW-income countries ,ECONOMICS - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Effects of the illicit market on the price elasticity of cigarette consumption in Brazil.
- Author
-
Divino, Jose Angelo, Ehrl, Philipp, Candido, Osvaldo, and Pereira Valadao, Marcos Aurelio
- Subjects
SMOKING prevention ,GOVERNMENT policy ,RESEARCH funding ,INCOME ,SMOKING ,MARKETING ,LEGAL status of sales personnel ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,TAXATION ,SURVEYS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,TOBACCO products ,PUBLIC administration ,ECONOMICS - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Can E-mails Affect Decision Making? The Effects of a Behavioral Economic Strategy on Antipsychotic Prescribing Behavior.
- Author
-
DeAguiar-Rocha, Liliane
- Subjects
MENTAL illness drug therapy ,POLYPHARMACY ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECONOMICS ,DECISION making ,DRUG prescribing ,QUALITY assurance ,PHYSICIAN practice patterns ,EMAIL ,ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents ,PSYCHIATRIC hospitals ,SOCIAL psychology - Abstract
Introduction: Despite the lack of evidence supporting its practice, antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP), is widely used1,2,3,. To change the outcomes that are directly related to doctors' decisions, it is important to understand the decision-making process and the factors which affect it. Behavioral Economics is a field that blends social psychology and economics, and it seeks to understand how biases affecting the human decision-making process. Strategies based on Behavioral Economics principles have been successful in addressing many issues in healthcare. This paper describes a quality improvement project designed with the aim of reducing APP prescribing behavior in a large psychiatric hospital in Brazil. Aims Objectives Theory or Methods: Nineteen units participated in this case study. The intervention targeted all prescribers and it involved the use of norms and peer comparison, behavioral economics principles which indicate that individuals are more likely to adjust their behavior if they perform below the average performance of their peers. After baseline, where the APP prescribing rate for the whole hospital and for each unit in particular were assessed, a weekly email was sent to each prescriber with information about the hospital-wide APP prescribing rate, feedback related to the APP prescribing rates in their units, and how they compared to other units. Highlights or Results or Key Findings: The intervention was successful in reducing hospital-wide APP prescribing rate. After the second e-mail, we observed a steep drop in the APP prescribing rate, and the rate never returned to preintervention levels. The weekly emails with feedback and peer comparisons yielded an average statistically significant difference of about 8.02% (t(10) = 4.7491, p < 0.008) over a brief 11-week period. This study demonstrated that e-mails designed according to a Behavioral Economics strategy can affect prescribing behavior. Conclusions: Information about the lack of evidence for the use of antipsychotic combinations, about the rates in other parts of the world, and information about the rates in hospitals with a similar population within their own state was enough to yield statistically significant results.. Implications for applicability/transferability sustainability and limitations: Future quality improvement projects targeting prescribing behavior should consider a combined use of guidelines and training with norms and peer comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A qualidade de vida e a relação com a toxicidade financeira no tratamento hemodialítico.
- Author
-
de Sousa-Silva, Emanuele Cristina, de Fátima-Mantovani, Maria, da Silva-Pires, Claudia Geovana, Giovani-Paes, Robson, Puchalski-Kalinke, Luciana, and de Alcantara-Nogueira, Luciana
- Subjects
TREATMENT of chronic kidney failure ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,HEALTH status indicators ,MENTAL health ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,HEMODIALYSIS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SEVERITY of illness index ,FINANCIAL stress ,QUALITY of life ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,MEDICAL care costs ,PHYSICAL activity ,EMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Toxic turn in Brazilian agriculture? The political economy of pesticide legalisation in post-2016 Brazil.
- Author
-
Ollinaho, Ossi I., Pedlowski, Marcos A., and Kröger, Markus
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,PESTICIDES ,EDUCATION research ,FOOD production ,AGRICULTURAL policy - Abstract
Pesticides are becoming a key topic in critical academic research; they entail substantial negative global impacts on human health and other-than-humans' existences. Even though decades of agroecological research and practice have demonstrated that no pesticides are needed to produce enough food, pesticides are still most typically taken for granted as an indispensable part of food production. In this article, we analyse events and policies through which Brazilian agriculture has become a global hotspot for pesticide consumption in the global agrarian capitalism. We provide an overview of the pesticide legalisation in Brazilian agriculture and discuss the ramifications of recent changes for pesticide-free agriculture. The post-2016 legalisation of pesticides has taken place concomitantly with a quick dismantling of the structures supporting agroecology and protecting the environment. The toxic turn of the Brazilian agriculture is seen in part as a reactionary response to the momentum of agroecology, which removes pesticides from agriculture, that had gained strength under the first Workers' Party regime between 2003 and 2016. A pivotal policy goal for the new Lula government should be an agroecological transformation, which can be justified by politicising pesticide use as a major, multidimensional problem of the 'agribusiness economy'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. ANALYSIS OF THE POLLUTER-PAYS PRINCIPLE IN THE ITAPESSOCA RIVER ESTUARY, GOIANA - PERNAMBUCO.
- Author
-
Ferreira dos Santos, Marcos Leonardo and Lausanne Fontgalland, Isabel
- Subjects
POLLUTER pays principle ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,MANGROVE plants ,MANGROVE forests ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,ESTUARIES ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,ORIGINALITY ,EXTERNALITIES - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The covid-19 Pandemic and its Implications for Food Consumer Behavior: A Bibliometric Analysis of Institutionally Affiliated Research in Brazil.
- Author
-
Franco, Antonio Carlos and Silva Franco, Luciane
- Subjects
CONSUMER behavior ,COVID-19 pandemic ,BEHAVIORAL assessment ,SUSTAINABLE consumption ,LOCAL delivery services ,HOME offices ,SOCIAL marketing ,FOOD prices - Abstract
Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Estimating the costs for implementing a maternity leave cash transfer program for women employed in the informal sector in Brazil and Ghana.
- Author
-
Carroll, Grace, Vilar-Compte, Mireya, Teruel, Graciela, Moncada, Meztli, Aban-Tamayo, David, Werneck, Heitor, de Moraes, Ricardo Montes, and Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael
- Subjects
PARENTAL leave ,HEALTH policy ,MATERNAL health services ,SOCIAL justice ,HUMAN services programs ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,COST analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,GOVERNMENT aid ,PUBLIC welfare ,WOMEN employees ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Background: Maternity leave policies are designed to protect gender equality and the health of mothers in the workforce and their children. However, maternity leave schemes are often linked to jobs in the formal sector economy. In low- and middle-income countries a large share of women work in the informal sector, and are not eligible to such benefit. This is worrisome from a social justice and a policy perspective and suggests the need for intervening. Costing the implementation of potential interventions is needed for facilitating informed decisions by policy makers. Methods: We developed and applied a costing methodology to assess the cost of a maternity leave cash transfer to be operated in the informal sector of the economy in Brazil and Ghana, two countries with very different employment structures and socioeconomic contexts. We conducted sensitivity analysis by modeling different numbers of weeks covered. Results: In Brazil, the cost of the maternity cash transfer would be between 0.004% and 0.02% of the GDP, while in Ghana it would range between 0.076% and 0.28% of the GDP. The relative cost of rolling out a maternity intervention in Brazil is between 2.2 to 3.2 times the cost in Ghana depending on the benchmark used to assess the welfare measure. The differences in costs between countries was related to differences in labor market structure as well as demographic characteristics. Conclusions: Findings show how a standard methodology that relies on routinely available information is feasible and could assist policymakers in estimating the costs of supporting a maternity cash transfer for women employed in the informal sector, such intervention is expected to contribute to social justice, gender equity, and health trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.