Search

The paper aims to present a comparative analysis of scholarly research output in the fields of Library and Information Science (LIS) in India and South Korea. The Web of Science database was used to retrieve the bibliographic data of the Indian and South Korean LIS published documents during 2001-2020 and the indicators were included in the analysis: research productivity, publication-quality, most prolific authors, institutions and journals, "Annual Growth Rate (AGR)", "Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)", "Relative Growth Rate (RGR)", and "Doubling Time (DT)". All types of documents such as articles, conference papers, book reviews, corrections, editorial materials, so on were included in the study. MS Excel, VOS viewer, and bibliometrix (R-tool) software were used for tabulation and mapping. The results show that South Korea placed the top in the overall output of LIS research publications during the last two decades. The Indian LIS research output, Annual Growth Rate (AGR), and Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) were good compared to South Korean LIS publications. In addition, the South Korean LIS researchers' output has increased rapidly in terms of publications, citations, average citations. Gangan Prathap (India), Seyoung Lee, and Heejin Lee (SK) are the most prolific authors; Indian Institute Technology, Delhi and Yonsei University, Seoul are the most prolific institutions; and the Scientometrics journal was the most preferred journal by the Indian and South Korean LIS researchers during the study period. The results of this study are useful to administrators, policymakers, and academics. In addition, the scope of this study might include looking at research published by LIS scholars in India and South Korea, as well as examining all types of academic publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Digitization of health records and health delivery processes in health care settings may have an impact on the Patient-Physician communication, wait times, that affect the overall patient satisfaction with the health care services. Aim & Objective: We ascertained the effect of digitization of medical case files on the doctor patient relationship (DPR) domain of patient satisfaction at an urban primary health center in India. Settings and Design: Comparative, cross-sectional study in primary health centres. Methods and Material: The patient satisfaction was compared between the patients attending the Public Health Dispensary (PHD) that uses digitized medical case file system and a Civil Dispensary (CD) which follows the conventional paper based medical records, using a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ). Statistical analysis used: Univariate analysis was done by chi-square test and adjusted analysis was done by multiple linear regression. Results: Patient satisfaction in DPR was found to be similar between the digitized medical case files based and conventional OPD (p=0.453). Significantly higher overall patient satisfaction was reported in the conventional paper based OPD than the digitized OPD (p<0.001). Conclusions: Patient satisfaction towards the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) was similar between paper based OPD and the digitized medical case files based OPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanizing villages are erstwhile rural villages that are spatially enveloped and are characterized by their dual relation to the state, which expresses itself as an issue of citizenship; of land ownership; of governance; and building regulations. This paper transcends the current focus on villages in Southern China, by comparing village urbanization between China and India through four narratives of village extensions. Four parallel readings are offered, namely that urban villages are characterized by; shared tenure rooted in their rural past; inherited administrative boundaries that are re-imbued with new legal designations; emulation of traditional practices; and sustained modes of self-governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose] This article addresses the lack of legislation in India to govern digital currencies, as well as the legality of Bitcoin in comparison to Russia's ban on other digital assets for payment regulation, highlighting the necessity for effective legislation once all around the world. It further delves into potential misuse of private cryptocurrencies in a variety of ways while placing upon the need for both countries to form a new digital currency regulatory authority. [Methodology/Approach/Design] This paper probes into the existing legal regulations for Cryptocurrency in India, Russia and other countries by using primary and secondary data throughout the paper. The primary data have been taken from legitimate government sources such as Russia's federal law and other bills and laws enacted in India, such as the "Banning of Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2019" and "The Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2021." Various judgments like the case of Internet and Mobile Association of India v. Reserve Bank of India and Dwaipayan Bhowmick v. Union Of India and Ors. have been taken out from Manupatra which is an online database for legal research. Government reports and notifications from the Indian, Russian and US government have also been examined. The secondary data include numerous news articles from Times of India, The Mirror, India Times, The Moscow Times, Telegraph, The UK News and other new sites. Lastly, articles by various researchers like Bohme et al, Dyhrberg and Kim have also been thoroughly analysed. [Findings] It was concluded that legalising Cryptocurrency through codified laws, appropriate approval for digital currencies through regulatory authorities, establishing clear definition of 'cryptocurrency', uniform taxation for all types of Cryptocurrencies, updation of penal laws and setting imprisonment for cryptocurrency regulation violation seem to be some effective solutions to reignite the Indian and Russian Economies. [Practical Implications] The practical implication lies in the fact that the use of cryptocurrencies is increasing on a daily basis, but neither the national government nor the world organizations has made any steps to control the market for virtual currencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Population ageing is a demographic transition and burdens every country's health sector. A lack of social security combined with low government health-sector spending has made health-care utilisation difficult among elderly in many developing countries like India. This makes population ageing a global phenomenon for policymakers, researchers and stakeholders to discuss and debate in 21st century. The purpose of this paper is to examine the behavioural determinants of health-care utilisation among elderly population in Punjab. Design/methodology/approach: This study examines health-care utilisation among the elderly population in Punjab. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data in the state of Punjab, with a multi-stage stratified random sample of 385 respondents. Logit regression was used to analyse the association between several behavioural factors like age, gender, place of residence, source of livelihood, education and frequency of visits with health-care utilisation among elderly aged 60 and above. Findings: This study revealed that gender, age, place of residence, source of livelihood, education and frequency of visits were significant determinants of health-care utilisation among elderly population. Originality/value: This study directs the need to improve health-care utilisation in a country, reducing inequalities that exist among the elderly population with respect to socio-economic and demographic differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the agriculture trade dynamic between India and China from 2002–2021. It employed the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) indices and various statistical analyses to assess the trade performance and provide an enhanced comprehension of the specialization pattern. The study has selected 45 agricultural commodities, categorized into seven sections according to the HS Nomenclature 2017. The findings revealed that India boasts a more diversified export portfolio compared to China, with a more significant number of agriculture chapters demonstrating a comparative advantage. Conversely, China's export basket is more concentrated, featuring fewer chapters with a comparative advantage but higher values of RCA and RSCA. The paper also identified the prospective areas for agriculture-trade cooperation and collaboration between the two countries and put forward recommendations. This research aims to offer valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and traders to enhance bilateral ties and mutual benefits in the agriculture sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to investigate what factors are associated to cardiovascular disease and what differences exists between Asians living in the UK (from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing) and the Asians living in India (from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India). Methods: Logistic regression was used to investigate how demographic and physical performance factors were associated with cardiovascular disease using data from Wave 6 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Wave 1 of the Longitudinal Study of Ageing in India, with the main variable of interest being country of residence, Asians in England or Asians in India. Results: A total of 83,997 participants were included in the analyses. In the primary analysis, 73,396 participants from LASI were compared to 171 Asians in ELSA. After adjusting for age, blood pressure, resting heart rate, sex, waist circumference, gait, handgrip strength and standing balance, there was a statistically significant difference for the outcome of CVD between Whites ELSA (reference) and the participants of LASI (odds ratio = 0.77; 95% confidence interval = 0.60 to 0.99). There were no significant differences in CVD between the LASI participants, Asian ELSA, and the Non-White but not Asian ELSA groups. Discussion: No difference was found between Asians that live in India compared to ethnic minorities living in England, including Asians, after adjusting for confounders, but was found between Whites in ELSA compared to LASI participants. A key limitation was the massive disparity in sample sizes between the ELSA subgroups and LASI. Further work is required where comparable sample sizes and longitudinal analyses allow trends to be identified and to investigate the factors associated with the difference in CVD between two similar ethnicities living in distinct locations. Conclusion: After adjusting for risk factors, there was no difference in CVD between localised Asians and the ethnic minorities in the UK, but there was a difference between the majority ethnicities in the respective countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Judiciary is one of the three important organs of the government. The independence of the judiciary is crucial for the performance of its functions without fear or favor. The independence of judiciary basically refers to non-interference from any other organ of the government restraining its function to deliver justice in a fair and impartial manner. However, it doesn’t mean absence of any form of accountability. Montesquieu who propounded the idea of independence of judiciary majorly relied on the theory of separation of power to ensure an independent judicial system. Despite all the efforts, maintaining the judiciary free from all forms of bias is still a far-reaching dream. This paper examines the concept and importance of the independence of judiciary. The paper also highlights the various ways in which the independence of the judiciary can be curtailed. The paper further includes the interrelation between the doctrine of separation of powers and the concept of independence of the judiciary. The measures adopted by various constitutions, with special reference to the Indian and US constitutions, are also discussed and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of over-the-top (OTT) services has lately revolutionized the way people consume media content. These services have emerged as a significant disruptor in the media industry in recent years. With the advent of OTT platforms, various concerns have arisen over the censorship and regulation of content on these platforms. Accordingly, this paper has examined the current trends in censorship and regulation of OTT content through the perusal of various legal and regulatory frameworks in the United Kingdom, India, and China. It has probed into cases of censorship and examined various aspects of civil and political liberties. The analysis has revealed a persuasive connection between the degree of freedom of expression and creative freedom dispensed in each region. Lastly, the paper has provided recommendations for policymakers and other stakeholders on balancing the need for freedom of expression and access to information with responsible content management and regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducted the bibliometric analysis of the journal "ALIS" and its comparison to other journals worldwide and in India. The data were sourced from the Scopus database with the help of advanced searching from 2018 to 2021, in which 108 papers were received for the study. This study studies the authorship pattern and the extent of collaboration. Total citations received, most prolific author and country's contribution, highest cited paper, and year-wise productivity of the journal The results reveal that India is the highest contributing country, i.e., from 2018 to 2021. Sri Lanka is the second-leading contributing country, and Iran is in third place. The extent of collaboration is 0.71 between authors. Four authors have published four articles each during this tenure. If we count the year-wise productivity of the journal, 2021 is the leading year both in terms of publication and the number of citations received. It found that in 2020, the journal's rank will be 110, which will continue increasing. It also reveals the top 10 ranking in the database, in which the International Journal of Information Management scored the first rank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-induced lockdowns have increased the importance of technology in education. Though access to technology as well as availability of the internet remain a major concern for a lot of children in the global south, children with intellectual disabilities are disadvantaged even more as most of the e-content is developed keeping in mind the average learner. Unstructured interviews were conducted with children with intellectual disabilities studying in government schools in Haryana as well as their teachers and parents. Thematic analysis of the interviews was conducted to understand the use-patterns of mobile phones by children with intellectual disabilities. Findings suggest that these children are learning to use mobile phones on their own or with some support and are able to navigate the complexities of these smartphones quite well. They use these devices mostly for their entertainment. This paper then reflects on the need and strategies to develop these technologies in ways that they can be used as effective tools for teaching children with intellectual disabilities, especially in the inclusive education system in developing countries. The paper reflects on the need to develop technology and tools using flexible and exploratory designs to enhance the learning processes for children with intellectual disabilities from the lower income strata. This study highlights the importance of being able to use mobile phones by children with intellectual disabilities belonging to low income families. Following this, the article argues for designing of mobile phones suitable for use by children with intellectual disabilities using playfulness and explorations, and Building e-content keeping the elements of playfulness and exploration which can enhance the learnings of this group of students which is often ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sri Lanka and India are desirable surrogacy destinations for various reasons. Although surrogacy can generate greater foreign revenue, it raises ethical and legal difficulties. India enacted the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act 2021 after decades of effort, whereas Sri Lanka continues with unregulated practice. This paper assesses to what extent Sri Lanka may learn from India. To that end, this paper investigates (i) the signifigance of Sri Lanka as a surrogacy destination and the surrounding ethical and legal issues; (ii) the legal validity and the legal framework governing surrogacy in Sri Lanka; (iii) the main characteristics of the legal landscape of surrogacy in India; and (iv) the adequacies and inadequacies of Indian legal approach to the surrogacy to determine the extent to which the Indian model can serve as a template for Sri Lanka. This paper concludes by proposing certain guiding principles for Sri Lanka in developing a legal framework for surrogacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curfews and lockdowns around the world in the Covid-19 era have increased the usage of the internet drastically and accordingly the amount of data shared on social media. In addition to using social media for sharing useful information, some miscreants are using the power of social media to spread hate speech and offensive content. Filtering the offensive language content manually is a laborious task due to the huge volume of data. Further, rapid developments in hardware and software technology have provided opportunities for users to post their comments not only in English but also in their native language scripts. However, based on the ease of Roman script usage, social media users specifically in multilingual countries like India, prefer to comment in code-mixed and multi-script texts. The typical systems that are employed to process and analyze monolingual texts are usually not appropriate for these kinds of texts. Further, as these texts do not adhere to the rules and regulations of any language to frame the words and sentences, the complexity of analyzing such texts increases. The novelty of the present study is to address the Offensive Language Identification (OLI) task in code-mixed and multi-script texts, this paper proposes to use relevant syllable and character n-grams features to train Machine Learning (ML) classifiers. The performance of the proposed models is evaluated on three Dravidian language pairs, namely: Malayalam-English, Tamil- English, and Kannada-English. The performances of ML classifiers prove the effectiveness of syllable and character n-grams features for code-mixed and multi-script texts analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to unravel the idea, the history, the theological understanding and the socio-cultural influences on the idea of "Talaq" in general and "Instant Triple Talaq" in particular. The paper also unearths the possibilities of the misuse, misinterpretation and politicization of the concept which have taken place at various historical junctures. At empirical level, the paper attempts to draw the attention toward the perception and opinion of the Muslim women through the structured questionnaire regarding the Instant Triple Talaq and Triple Talaq Act enacted by the Government of India. The study focuses on how the existing power structure in the Muslim community and the deeply rooted cultural practices that in a way were antithetical to the basic Islamic beliefs have shaped the lives of Muslim women in India. The study does not find the Triple Talaq Act passed by Indian parliament as something constructive, rather regards it as interference on part of state institutions into the religious affairs of a particular community. The study finally draws a parallel between the literate and illiterate strata of Muslim women and their perception toward the Triple Talaq Act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While considerable research exists on interventions to enhance help-seeking rates and reduce treatment gap for common mental health concerns, there remains a scarcity of literature examining the influence of gender in response to such interventions. This paper aimed to examine gender differences/similarities observed while implementing a helpseeking intervention for distressed non-treatment-seeking young adults. Amongst those who indicated an expression of interest, about one-third were men, and two-third were women. The intervention was delivered over eight weeks. Distress, barriers, inclination to seek help and help-seeking from professional sources were assessed at baseline, post and follow-up. Though barriers were significantly higher in women at baseline, there was no difference on distress or helpseeking inclination. Both groups equally initiated and engaged with the intervention and exhibited a significant reduction in barriers, distress and improvement in help-seeking inclination. Findings highlight the need for research on approaches to improve the uptake of help-seeking interventions for common mental health concerns in non-treatment-seeking distressed young men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper examines India's tryst with welfare/dis-fare with a specific focus on Modi Sarkar's (2014–2019) dirigiste style reforms. In the welfare regime research, Esping-Andersen (1990) classified advanced economies into three ideal-types of liberal, conservative-corporatist and social-democratic welfare states by government-led welfare provisions and levels of decommodification. The classical typology discussions include countries such as India which is classified as informal-insecurity regime due to a large informal economy with no social security for workers. Based on theoretical standpoints of the political economy of welfare states, comparative historical institutionalism and critical junctures this article examines Modifare has expanded formal welfare to its citizens. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses crisp-set analysis to examine the social policy developments under Modi's regime in India. Findings: This paper examines if the centre-right Modi government did bring about a radical departure from UPA I and II lacklustre welfare approach to the more strategic use of welfare reforms as a political weapon on a national scale. It concludes that Modi-fare falls short in being transformatory. Originality/value: The article is an original contribution to the field of comparative welfare regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relationships between remittance and financial development (financial institutions and markets) in India and China on the availability of annual data from 1984 to 2018. Human capital formation is considered as a channel of remittances in financial development functions. Institutional quality, Economic globalization, foreign direct investment, economic growth, and government investment are included as a set of control variables in the financial development function. The results of the ARDL bounds test model indicate that remittance can positively impact financial development dynamics in both countries. While considering the human capital formation, higher levels of skilled human capital (secondary and tertiary enrolments) enhance financial development, but low-level human capital (primary enrolments) fails to do so. One contradiction found from the result is that remittance is negatively but significantly affecting financial institutions in India, and also detrimental to China's financial market. Oppositely, remittance positively impacts India's financial market and China's financial institutions. We find the varying impacts of control variables on financial development. The outcome of this paper stresses the necessity of a higher level of skilled human capital and improved institutional quality in both countries, which provides better utilization of remittances and other foreign and domestic financial flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Elementary Education / Revija za Elementarno Izobraževanje is the property of University of Maribor, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dropout rate is one of the determinants of immunization coverage and program performance, program continuity, and follow-up. The dropout rate refers to the proportion of vaccine recipients who did not finish their vaccination schedules, and it is determined by comparing the number of infants who started the schedule to the number who completed it. It is the rate difference between the first and final dosage or the rate difference between the first vaccination and the last vaccine dropout; thus, it denotes that the first recommended dose of vaccine was received, but that the subsequently recommended dose was missed. In India, immunization coverage has shown significant improvements over the last two decades, but full immunization coverage has remained stagnant at 76.5%, of which 19.9% are partially immunized, and 3.6% are children who have been left out. In India, the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is challenged with cases related to dropout in immunization. Although immunization coverage in India is improving, the program is challenged by vaccination dropouts. This study provides an analysis of the determinants of vaccination dropout in India using data from two rounds of the National Family Health Survey. The finding shows that the mother's age, education, family wealth, antenatal care visit, and place of delivery were some of the variables that significantly contributed to reducing the dropout rate of immunization among children. The findings of this paper show that the dropout rate has reduced over a certain period of time. The overall improvement in the rates of dropout and increase in full immunization coverage could be attributed to various policy measures taken in the last decade in India, which brought structural changes with a positive impact on full immunization coverage and its components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Disability' refers to a characteristic (mental or physical) that is regarded as impairment. Associating disability with karma is nothing strange, even in contemporary society. The roots of this notion lie in the mythologies. The ancient cultures often saw disability as a divine punishment for a person's deeds, either in the present or previous births. This belief has survived even to the modern era, and it has led to the mistreatment of the disabled. This paper intends to analyse certain Hindu myths from ancient India to bring out the karmic perception of disability. The study also serves a few glimpses of Greek and Mesopotamian myths to support the statements made. It shows the archetypes of the disabilities born out of karma in the myths above can lead to an ethical society. The present work will study mainly the characters of Ashtavakra, Dhritarashtra, Pandu and Lord Ganesha, to name a few. The commonality among the characters mentioned above is that they all were disabled as a penalty for their deeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoters play a very important role in the performance of companies. In India, the average holding of promoters is very large at around 54%. These promoters are either government or private individuals and business houses. India started the privatization process in a big way in the early 1990s and also started disinvesting stakes in major public sector companies, while retaining a minimum of 51% stake in a majority of companies, in effect keeping the control. The paper with an objective to study whether there exists a significant difference in the performance of government promoted firms and private firms and found a significant difference in the performance between them using both independent sample t-test and pooled panel data regression. The paper is based on the data of public listed companies in India over a period of 11 years (2008-2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies three main aspects of emotional engagement in journalistic news practice and outlines moments of tension between journalistic principles and (imagined) audience expectations. It investigates the relationship between emotionally (dis)engaging elements featured in television news coverage, and the rationale behind their deployment by journalists. In doing this, the article aims to address both journalism content and production dimension. It combines two qualitative approaches. This comprises semi-structured interviews conducted with around 50 journalists across both countries, supported by a close reading of TV news. The study is set within a cross-national comparative framework of two very different television cultures – the United Kingdom and India, where debates about emotional engagement contrasts a strongly regulated public service television market in the UK standing against highly competitive commercial 24-hour news programmes in India. The study presents how journalists imagine news programmes today. By highlighting journalistic practices outside of the normative model of Anglo-American journalism, this paper also seeks to include a de-Westernizing perspective within journalism studies. The paper will show that despite defending "classical" professional principles and news values, journalists across borders consider engagement and emotionalizing elements as indispensable in linking to audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity consumption is a major part of the financial crisis. Mostly in India the poor earning people and moderate salary people play a vital role in the population. This paper studies the electricity consumption of 30 different states with daily unit consumption for nearly two years on the Covid-19 situation that is 17 months of time series data with 30 plus attributes including date, and state names in India. The time series data with daily basis electricity consumption on Mega unit basis. By Data Expansion and Attribute selection, the monthly data of two different countries were compared and produced certain results as average stability of the highest peak consumption, which leads to the highest demand for electricity. The minimal usage day with the lowest demand for electricity. The statistical method helps to achieve the mean value and variance value for consumption. This shows the stability of consumption long lasted from mid to end of the month. The weather also impacts the changes in the consumption of electricity. Finally, it results in the value for a variance from one state to another state consumption in the same month with low and high demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aims to compare India's public health expenditure at the international and state levels. The paper also empirically examines the regional disparities in NRHM spending across the 21 selected states of India. Design/methodology/approach: The tools of absolute β-and σ-convergence are used in the analysis to test the regional convergence. The average annual growth rate across the states is the dependent variable for β-convergence, and time is the second dependent variable but is used for s-convergence. In contrast, the initial value of NRHM expenditure and the coefficient of variation of NRHM expenditure are used as independent variables, respectively. Descriptive statistics are also used for the study. The data are annual and cover the panel from 2007 to 2020. Findings: The study attests to the hypothesis of β-and σ-convergence for the selected states in the period mentioned. The observed convergence in NRHM expenditure is due to the shift in the government's attention from the non-high focus high focus states to high states through the national rural health mission policy. The coefficient of variation across the states also shows a declining trend and provides the robustness of the σ-convergence. Originality/value: As far as the literature is concerned, none of the existing studies examines the convergence of a public health expenditure scheme like the National Rural Health Mission across the Indian states by applying the techniques of β-and σ-convergence. The novelty of the study is using the newly updated dataset and validating the convergence hypotheses in the National Rural Health Mission expenditure case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the environmental and social policies of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the World Bank. Our objective is to assess how the AIIB innovates in the international financial order in terms of Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) instruments. We analyse projects financed by the two institutions in India between 2017 and 2020, considering both institutions' social and environmental standards. First, we compare the social and environmental guidelines of both financial institutions extensively. Then, we analyse 20 projects carried out in India during this period, considering the amounts invested, risk classification policies, and the adopted ESA instruments. Finally, we conduct two case studies analysing each organization's ESA instruments based on 10 parameters of comparison. We conclude that the AIIB portrays itself as a 'middle way' bank, with the internalization of some standards of the already established multilateral development banks (MDBs), but with several innovative characteristics. We identify the incorporation of some World Bank guidelines used in ESA instruments in AIIB projects. Nevertheless, the AIIB innovates through its focus on infrastructure, the variability of its project sizes, more integration with the borrower's national policies and programmes, and the simplification of socio‐environmental analysis instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vast stretches of India comes under meteorological drought this year or the other. A huge population base in rural India are rendered highly vulnerable to this drought because of their primary dependency on agriculture and in turn they may respond through temporary migration out of the drought affected rural areas in search of alternative livelihoods. This study aims to investigate the association between drought and temporary migration in rural India by fitting binary logistic regression models on a cross-sectional dataset involving both National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) 64th round data and India Meteorological Department (IMD) rainfall data. The paper also examines whether this association varies across the different socio-economic groups. Out of the total temporary migrants generated in rural India in the study period, 99.46% migrated internally and 67.12% were rural to urban migrants. The study finds that there is a positive association between drought instances and probability of a household to have at least one temporary migrant member in rural India (OR 1.64 with p<0.001) while controlling all other covariates. The study also concludes that the probability of temporary migration on account of drought is more severe among the socio-economically marginalised sections of the rural population compared to their better-off counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to analyse the roles in which children have been portrayed in advertisements over three decades (1990–2000, 2000–2010 and 2010–2020) and what have been the changes in the portrayal of the children, including the changes in product type and target audience. Design/methodology/approach: The content of 212 television advertisements was analysed for the study; 32 advertisements belonged to 1990–2000, 38 belonged to 2000–2010 and 142 belonged to 2010–2020. Findings: It could be observed that in 2010–2020, marketers had primarily focused on children as their central idea behind making any advertisement. They were projecting children as an emotional and informational tool for attracting adults and children, directly or indirectly. Research limitations/implications: The implications of this study are manifold. Firstly, the study supports the theories of socialisation and the changing role of children in the same. Secondly, the trend over the decades hints at the marketer's changing strategy behind using children in advertisements to target adult audiences. Practical implications: The significant implication for the practitioner is the possibility of having a child protagonist in an ad for the non-children target audience. Originality/value: This paper is one of the first to analyse the changing role of children in advertisements over a long time horizon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In India, 38.7% of adults are exposed to SHS at home and 30.2% at work. This paper estimates the direct economic costs of diseases attributable to secondhand smoking (SHS) in India for persons aged 15 years and above.Aims and Methods: Nationally representative data on healthcare expenditures, healthcare utilization, and SHS prevalence were used to estimate economic costs attributable to SHS. A prevalence-based attributable risk approach was used for estimating the attributable direct costs. To estimate the SHS-attributable fraction, the excess utilization of healthcare among SHS exposed non-smokers compared to unexposed non-smokers was estimated using a method of propensity score matching (PSM).Results: The annual direct economic costs attributable to SHS from all diseases in India in the year 2017 for persons aged more than 15 years amounted to INR 566.7 billion (USD 8.7 billion). This amounted to INR 705 per adult non-smoker. The SHS attributable costs were higher among the youngest age group 20 to 24, and women bear 71% of the direct medical costs attributable to SHS.Conclusions: The annual direct economic costs of SHS amount to approximately 0.33% of India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or 8.1% of total healthcare expenditures in India. It is also much larger than the total excise tax revenue from cigarettes and bidis. As bidi smoking is the most popular form of smoking in India and bidis are mostly consumed by the poor, a disproportionate burden of SHS is likely borne by poor households in India.Implications: In India, 38.7% of adults are exposed to SHS at home and 30.2% at work. However, there is no estimate of the economic burden of any kind from SHS exposure in India. This study used a prevalence-based attributable risk approach combined with a PSM technique to estimate excess healthcare utilization for SHS exposed non-smokers and the annual direct economic costs of SHS in India. Annual direct SHS-attributable costs in India is INR 566.7 billion (USD 8.7 billion) SHS costs constituted 0.33% of GDP and 8.1% of healthcare expenditures in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Exposure to PM2.5 arising from solid fuel combustion is estimated to result in ~2.3 million premature deaths and 91 million lost disability-adjusted life years annually. Interventions attempting to mitigate this burden have had limited success in reducing exposures to levels thought to provide substantive health benefits. OBJECTIVES: This paper reports exposure reductions achieved by a liquified petroleum gas (LPG) stove and fuel intervention for pregnant mothers in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial. METHODS: The HAPIN trial included 3,195 households primarily using biomass for cooking in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. Twenty-four-hour exposures to PM2.5, carbon monoxide (CO), and black carbon (BC) were measured for pregnant women once before randomization into control (푛=1,605) and LPG (푛=1,590) arms and twice thereafter (aligned with trimester). Changes in exposure were estimated by directly comparing exposures between intervention and control arms and by using linear mixed-effect models to estimate the impact of the intervention on exposure levels. RESULTS: Median postrandomization exposures of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter =2.5 μm (PM2.5) in the intervention arm were lower by 66% at the first (71.5 vs. 24.1 μg/m³), and second follow-up visits (69.5 vs. 23.7 μg/m³) compared to controls. BC exposures were lower in the intervention arm by 72% (9.7 vs. 2.7 μg/m³) and 70% (9.6 vs. 2.8 μg/m³) at the first and second follow-up visits, respectively, and carbon monoxide exposure was 82% lower at both visits (1.1 vs. 0.2 ppm) in comparison with controls. Exposure reductions were consistent over time and were similar across research locations. DISCUSSION: Postintervention PM2.5 exposures in the intervention arm were at the lower end of what has been reported for LPG and other clean fuel interventions, with 69% of PM2.5 samples falling below the World Health Organization Annual Interim Target 1 of 35 μg/m³. This study indicates that an LPG intervention can reduce PM2.5 exposures to levels at or below WHO targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced the entire life globally including various aspects of patients' care. Its effect on medical research production is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical research reporting trend. Methods: Advanced search on PubMed was performed over 2011- August, 2021. Monthly comparison was done for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare continuous distributions. Results: The total publication count showed constant increment over the study period. Faster rise was noticed on 2020 (15.7%). A steady growth in publications over the years and through the pandemic was also seen in seven studied countries with variable, both in total and also after exclusion of COVID-19 related papers. Italy and India have the highest proportions of COVID-19 related publications in comparison to the total papers in 2020, but USA has the highest quantity. Statistically significant differences exist between the first eight months of the last three years with and without counting COVID-19 related publications (p-values=0.0003907 and 0.001084, respectively). Conclusion: Our results reflect that investigators world-wide succeeded to reconfigure their work style and utilize the spared time induced by the lockdown to enrich the medical research platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, the civil suit is when Plaintiff can seek to hold Defendant liable for a few types of harm or wrongful act. Before commencing a civil suit or advising the client on filing a civil suit, there are five factors that need to be considered. The five factors include cause of action, limitation period, parties to the suit, jurisdiction and mode of commencement. Next, there are two modes of commencement of civil suits in Malaysia. The modes are the Writ and Originating Summons. The Writ must be filed by the Plaintiff either by their Solicitor or personally in court. This is the first step in commencing a civil proceeding. Writ is one of the examples in the originating process and a formal document that will be addressed to the defendant, which serves to notify them of the proceedings. It is a letter of demand in setting out the claims against the recipient. Next, the Originating Summons is suitable for the Plaintiff or Applicant who intends to make an application under statutory provisions. There are a few differences between the mode of commencement by Writ and Originating Summons. The objective of the article is to understand the procedures for commencing a civil suit. Hence, qualitative writing is based on primary and secondary sources. A comparative analysis has been conducted to compare the procedures for commencing a civil suit between Malaysia and India. The comparative analysis compares and highlights the mode of commencement in Malaysia and India and recommends ways to improvise the mode of commencement in Malaysia. Hence, this paper suggests that more comprehensive and detailed modes of commencement must be included in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term Abhinaya has proliferous meaning in the discipline of Performing Arts. This manuscript discusses the manifestation of abhinaya in the classical repertoire of Sattriya dance and Manipuri dance. How do both the classical dances of India belonging to the North East region differ in their characters? This paper mainly focuses on the sattvika abhinaya of both forms, where Bhakti rasa plays an important role. The author tries to bring out a comparison in both forms in respect of abhinaya in special reference to sattvika abhinaya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on analysing the corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices followed by selected prominent companies in India operating in dominant sectors, that is, the sectors contributing largely towards the growth and development of the nation, viz., pharmaceuticals, information technology (IT), cement, and public sector undertakings/public sector enterprises (PSU/PSE). In each sector, three sample companies are selected, based on their dominance in the market, for conducting a comparative analysis on adopted CSR patterns and practices, and to identify the best CSR practices across the companies and sectors. Further, categorisation is made for the various CSR activities and an attempt is made to determine and identify the most preferred and neglected sectors based on the categorisation. From the analysis, it was observed that Category 3 was the most neglected category of CSR areas by all the companies and sectors at large. Lastly, suggestions and recommendations to improve CSR practices and some threats associated with neglecting certain CSR activities are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction  Hazardous healthcare waste produced at home contributes to approximately 0.5% of biomedical waste, and although potentially infectious, is often discarded with other domestic wastes. The study aimed to quantify and compare types and patterns of biomedical waste generated in homes and to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding biomedical waste among selected urban and rural households in the coastal area of Mangalore city in Karnataka. Methods  A cross-sectional study was conducted in households consisting of rural and urban field practice areas of a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka from November 2017 to February 2018. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding healthcare waste generated at home was assessed. Qualitative variables of the waste segregation practice, types of biomedical waste, the knowledge, perception, and attitude to practices regarding biomedical waste were expressed in percentages proportions and analyzed using SPSS v.20. Results  Baby diapers were the most common hazardous waste. The number of baby diapers produced daily in rural and urban areas was 32 (42.7%) and 64 (85.3%), respectively. The urban households had better knowledge of possible hazardous healthcare waste at home, 28 (37.33%) compared with 7 (9.3%) in rural households. Seventy-one (94.7%) urban and 49 (65.3%) rural households had a favorable attitude toward the disposal of hazardous domestic biomedical waste. Conclusion  The knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hazardous healthcare waste produced at the household level were better among urban households compared with rural households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar parabolic dish concentrators are one of the most efficient solar power conversion technologies. The cavity receivers are the most common type, used for reducing the heat losses from the receiver. In this paper, a novel cavity receiver is proposed, and the objective is to compare the novel modified conical cavity receiver with the existing cavity receivers such as cylindrical, conical and modified cavity receivers. The cavity receivers are designed for the parabolic dish of 4-m diameter which is installed at the National Institute of Technology Puducherry, India. Ray-tracing analysis was carried out to determine the size of the receiver. The analysis was carried out for various orientations of the receivers from 0 to 90° with a step size of 15° and also for the cavity temperatures: 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C and 700°C. Based on the results obtained, the modified conical cavity receiver is found to be the best design in terms of minimum heat losses compared to other receivers. The next best choices are found to be modified cavity, conical cavity and cylindrical cavity receiver. The whole analysis is conducted with a developed model in COMSOL Multiphysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Not much is known about impact of 1918 Influenza on patients confined inside mental asylums of that period. Aim and Methods: The study aimed to assess impact of Influenza pandemic on mentally ill patients in asylums, based on data extracted from provincial asylum reports (1915–1923) from British India. Results: The asylum population in most provinces was impacted both in terms of direct mortality (1918) as well as all-cause morbidity and mortality (1918; 1918–1920). Agra and Oudh lost 9.5% of average daily asylum strength directly due to influenza in 1918. All-cause mortality (1918) was highest for mental asylum/s in provinces of Agra and Oudh (16.83%), Punjab (14.83%), and Bombay (14.4%). Isolated outbreaks continued till 1923. Another peculiar finding was markedly reduced sickness and death rates in 1921–1923 compared to 1915–1917, across asylums of all provinces. Conclusion: Findings point to a significant impact of Influenza pandemic in mental asylums across several provinces, and provide historical insights with implications for the current pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data based on family health and nutrition in India are reported by the national surveys of the country. The National Family Health Survey 3 (NFHS-3) and 4 (NFHS-4) released the report of 2005-06 and 2015-16. The NFHS-5 also released the data set for 22 states and union territories for the year 2019-20 very recently. Anaemia is among the major public health challenges which affect the vulnerable segments of the population which includes children and women. The men are also affected by the deficiency of anaemia but to a lesser extent. The present paper compares the NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 reports for the prevalence of anaemia among children belonging to 6-59 months and adults across 29 states. The study also discussed various factors, causes and consequences which serve as an important determinant for the occurrence of anaemia. The interventions by the government in relation to anaemia were also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In slope stability analysis, identification of the mechanism behind slope failure is the key factor during the study. Rock mass characterization and kinematics analysis, like geotechnical investigation methods, are not infallible all the time for the weathered slopes. The presence of different grades of weathered mass on the slope profile acts independently to influence the overall failure pattern. Numerical analysis by finite element method (FEM) is evolved as a primary slope stability analysis tool by overcoming the limitations of the stratified weathered materials on the slope. The paper focuses on the stability analysis of railway-cut laterite slopes of the Eastern Ghats of India. The medium to high-grade metamorphism, followed by physio-chemical weathering, favours the region for more prone to failure. The Force Equilibrium Model and Moment Equilibrium Model have been considered to determine the possibility of independent failure events for the probability analysis. Monte Carlo's probability simulation method has delivered a better result for the weathered slopes by taking many variables for the studied region. A compression study has been made between the outcomes of slope stability analysis methods and the probability analysis models, which provides a comprehensive list of factors to understand the failure mechanism of weathered slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The studies on escalators have mainly reported the walking speeds of passengers or their passenger handling capacity. Theoretical capacity is reported as a constant value for a given escalator speed, but is never achieved in the field. This creates practitioners' dilemma regarding augmentation of the facility as some capacity will always remain available even under high passenger flows. This paper explores the issue and proposes a reference capacity for examining the effective utilisation of the escalator. The capacity is estimated with stand-only and stand-walk etiquette. The data available in the literature and from the video graphed information at metro stations in Delhi, India is used to examine the effect of step occupancy, walking speed of passengers and their proportion in the flow. It is observed that walking-factor and step occupancy is higher in developing countries. Walking factor is estimated as 0.70–0.74 and step occupancy as 0.80–1.70. The occupancy on walking side is estimated as one passenger per two steps as compared to the reported value of one per three steps. This indicates that the flow conditions on escalators in India are more restrictive as compared to other countries. The comparison of field capacity with reference capacity has indicated that the reference capacity can be used for the evaluation of actual flow condition on escalators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper traces the major developments in the field of management accounting briefly and then highlights the need for more cross-national management accounting studies. The results from two parallel surveys of matched Indian and Canadian hotel organizations are presented. The main aim of the surveys was to examine a wide range of management accounting practices in a cross-national comparative context in Indian and Canadian hotel organizations. The investigation is based on a questionnaire survey of 335 large scale hotel organizations (India=250 and Canada=85). The statistical results show a number of similarities and differences in the management accounting practices of Indian and Canadian hotel organizations. Against the established notion, the results of this study reveal that the gap between Indian and Canadian management accounting practices is not very significant. Moreover, in a few management accounting practices Canadian hotels have adopted a more rational approach than their Indian hotels counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The access to the financial services and digital financial services in India has not yet transformed into their frequent use. Therefore, the present paper provides a comparative analysis of the individual level determinants for few main indicators of the two main dimensions of financial inclusion and digital financial inclusion: access and use, based on binary probit regression analysis using World Bank's 2017 Global Findex data. The paper concludes that education and workforce participation are positively associated with the access to financial services and digital financial services and also with the use of most of the financial services and digital financial services. Another interesting result is that being a woman and poor reduces the probability of using mobile banking but do not a¤ect traditional banking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In March 2020, the world is confronting with COVID-19 which is declared as the global pandemic and affected all lives, processes and systems adversely. The biggest challenge for education system in India was to switch from traditional teaching to online mode of teaching. Technology has changed everything but sometimes exceptional changes may not give good results. This research paper has presented comparative study based on the effectiveness of online and offline teaching pedagogy. Survey is conducted to understand various aspects of online and offline teaching learning. Students reported the pros and cons of online and traditional teaching. The comparative study will be helpful for the measuring the effectiveness of teaching pedagogy and will also ensures for the effective learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]